CN1103016A

CN1103016A - Gear working method and device

Info

Publication number: CN1103016A
Application number: CN 93115105
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴凤林
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1993-11-19
Filing date: 1993-11-19
Publication date: 1995-05-31

Abstract

The invented method makes the forged blank maintain certain temp. and presses said blank to a roller with gear appearance and they are rolled mutually until the specific size is obtained. The gear processing apparatus consists of machine body, roller and ram. The roller is gear in shape which is distributed uniformly along the circumference, compared with the available technologies the productivity and the gear quality of the finished product of said invention are increased greatly.

Description

Gear working method and device

The present invention relates to a kind of gear working method and device.

At present, adding the modal method of work gear is that model becomes the machining method, processing unit (plant) is gear shapping machine, gear-hobbing machine etc., blank often is a rough forging, this process exists weak point to be: the one, and machining period is long, and the 2nd, the internal structure and the quality of rough forging material after machining all will descend.Be the productivity ratio of raising gear and the inherent material quality behind the gear finished product, people once attempted with high velocity vapor hammer die forging precision gear, but when forging precision gear with mould, mould is enlarged by thermal annealing, expansion, wearing and tearing, precision to gear is difficult to guarantee, and the Mould Machining difficulty is big, cost is high, and therefore, this processing method is not promoted and used.

Purpose of the present invention just is to overcome the weak point in the above-mentioned background technology, provides a kind of and can shorten gear working method and the device that Gear Processing can improve the gear material quality after the processing man-hour again greatly.

Purpose of the present invention can reach by following measure.

A kind of gear working method, it comprises the following steps:

(1) with workpiece heating and be swaged into blank;

(2) will keep the pressurization of the blank of uniform temperature and roll that appearance is gear shape to rolling, to rolling across in the journey, the rolling degree of depth of roll to cumulative greatly, is rolled into required size with blank from little always;

(3) above-mentioned processed workpiece is taken out cooling and through pickling, again through above-mentioned (2) step to the cold rolling one or many of workpiece until reaching required dimensional accuracy and fineness.

A kind of gear machining equipment according to the design of said gear processing method, comprise body, roll, pressure head, said roll is vertically installed and is evenly distributed on the circumference, each roll is with speed, rotation in the same way, profile is same gear shape, top is divided into the bevel gear body, and the bottom is a roller gear shape, the vertical pressure head that moves up and down of installing of the central upper of the circumference that roll distributes.

Fig. 1 is the processing method principle schematic of gear provided by the invention;

Fig. 2 is another schematic diagram of gear working method principle provided by the invention;

The agent structure sketch (omitting the part that comprises motor, corresponding drive disk assembly and body among the figure) of the gear machining equipment that Fig. 3 designs according to the gear working method that Fig. 1 provided for the present invention.

Fig. 4 is that the A of Fig. 3 is to view.

Below in conjunction with embodiment (accompanying drawing) the present invention is described in further detail.

In the gear working method provided by the invention, at first workpiece is heated to uniform temperature and becomes a blank 6 through hammering, the temperature of workpiece heating is with 1200 ℃, and final forging temperature is good with 1000 ℃; The blank 6 that will remain with this final forging temperature then and profile are that roll 6 pressurizations of gear shape are to rolling, to rolling across in the journey, the roller system of the roll degree of depth to cumulative greatly, is rolled into blank required dimensional requirement from little always, realize this process, the pressurization rolling method of two kinds of rolls and blank is arranged; As shown in Figure 1 a kind of, roll top is cone gear form, the bottom is a roller gear shape, blank at first is positioned at the top of roll to rolling, the turning cylinder position of roll is motionless, force blank to move down at the afterburning F in the top of blank then, guarantee that to rolling across Cheng Zhongneng the draught pressure between them and the rolling degree of depth of roll can realize from little to cumulative requirement greatly at blank and roll like this, in process as shown in Figure 1, preferably the rotating speed that rolls is become proper proportion relation with the decrease speed of blank, for example the roll all blanks that roll descend 1 millimeter; The method of another kind of pressurization rolling as shown in Figure 2, allow blank 6 and the profile be that roller gear shape roll is to rolling, to rolling across in the journey, the upper-lower position of blank is motionless, the afterburning F of breaker roll forces the roll level to move to the blank center, so also can make blank and roll to roll across assurance in the journey between them draught pressure and the rolling degree of depth of roll can realize from little to cumulative requirement greatly; At last above-mentioned processed workpiece 6 is taken out and, is necessary through pickling, can be again by above-mentioned steps allow workpiece under the state of cooling with roll to rolling the system one or many that rerolls, reach required dimensional accuracy and fineness until workpiece.What be worth to propose is, the above-mentioned this process that adds work gear is created, and it is organically finished merging with the technology of steel rolling and forging and pressing creatively to have applied in the processing technology of gear.

In the gear machining equipment that designs according to the said gear processing method provided by the present invention, comprise body 1, roll 2, pressure head 3 etc., the number of roll is not limit, but consider structure and stressed even factor, the number that present embodiment is got roll is four, the profile of these four rolls is identical, be same gear shape, top is bevel gear shape, the bottom is a roller gear shape, and they are vertically installed and are evenly distributed on the circumference, pass through transmission device, fast together during these four roll work, rotate the vertical pressure head that moves up and down 3 of installing of the central upper of the circumference that roll distributes in the same way; During this device work, gear blank 6 after the heating is placed the top at the middle part of roll, then by the driven by motor roll rotation, at this moment, another driven by motor screw rod 5 makes pressure head 3 move downward and gear blank is depressed, and like this, roll begins blank is rolled tooth, when blank was forced into the bottom of barrel portion of roll from the cone position of roll, blank promptly was made into the gear finished product; The cumulative from small to large technological requirement of the rolling degree of depth when purpose that the top of roll is the structure setting of cone is to guarantee rolling gear.Consider that the pressure head in the process 3 and the contact portion of blank should keep synchronous rotation, so the top of pressure head 3 is with a jacking block 4 free to rotate in the present embodiment.

The present invention compares background technology and has following advantage:

1, Gear Processing reduces man-hour greatly. Take gear machining equipment provided by the present invention as example, processing a number of teeth and be 20 moduluses is the gear only 5 minutes of 50mm for the 6mm facewidth, and adopts conventional gear-hobbing machine to need 6 hours, and productivity ratio improves tens times.

2, the Gear Processing quality improves greatly. Method provided by the present invention is in fact the forging and pressing operation of rolling of rolling, thus the gear behind the finished product interior qualitatively will be greatly in material The gear that is better than cutting method processing, surface smoothness, case hardness and wearability have all obtained improving greatly simultaneously.

3, save material. Because belonging to no machining, raw material on average save about 20%.

Claims

1, a kind of gear working method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

(1), and is swaged into blank with the workpiece heating;

(2) will keep the pressurization of the blank of uniform temperature and roll that appearance is gear shape to rolling, to rolling across in the journey, the roller system of the roll degree of depth is rolled into blank the required size requirement from little to cumulative greatly always;

2, gear working method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said workpiece is swaged into blank when being heated to 1200 ℃, and the final forging temperature of blank is controlled at 1000 ℃, and will maintain the blank of this final forging temperature and roll to rolling.

3, gear working method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: blank and top are that bevel gear shape, bottom are that the roll of roller gear shape is to rolling in the operation of rolling, the turned position of roll is motionless, and forces blank to move from top to bottom in the reinforcing of the top of blank.

4, gear working method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the operation of rolling, blank and profile be the roll of roller gear shape to rolling, the blank upper-lower position is motionless, the breaker roll reinforcing forces the roll level to move to the blank center.

5, a kind of gear machining equipment, it is characterized in that: it comprises body, roll, pressure head, said roll is vertically installed and is evenly distributed on the circumference, each roll is with speed, rotation in the same way, profile is same gear shape, top is bevel gear shape, and the bottom is a roller gear shape, the vertical pressure head that moves up and down of installing in the top, center of the circumference that roll distributes.

6, gear machining equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said roll number is four.

7, gear machining equipment according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the top of said pressure head is with a jacking block free to rotate.