CN110299862B - Three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding number of direct-current ports - Google Patents
Three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding number of direct-current ports Download PDFInfo
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- CN110299862B CN110299862B CN201910683164.1A CN201910683164A CN110299862B CN 110299862 B CN110299862 B CN 110299862B CN 201910683164 A CN201910683164 A CN 201910683164A CN 110299862 B CN110299862 B CN 110299862B
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- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding the number of direct current ports, which comprises a direct current part, a filter and an alternating current part, wherein: the direct current part comprises at least two direct current units which are connected in parallel, each direct current unit comprises a direct current voltage source and three bidirectional switches, one ends of the three bidirectional switches are connected with one end of the direct current voltage source, the other ends of the three bidirectional switches are respectively connected with three ports of the filter, which are close to the direct current part, and the other ends of the direct current voltage sources are connected with direct current voltage sources in other direct current units; the three ports of the filter close to the direct current part are A, B, C three phases respectively, and the three ports of the filter close to the direct current part are connected with a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load of the alternating current part. The converter utilizes the bidirectional switch tube, realizes cooperative work of a plurality of direct current sources, and has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient control, strong expansibility, wide working voltage range, wide power regulation range and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronic systems, and particularly relates to a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding the number of direct-current ports.
Background
The multi-port converter plays an important role in the fields of aviation power supplies, electric automobiles, hybrid energy storage, micro-grids and the like. In electric vehicles, supercapacitors are used to provide short-term peak power output and kinetic energy recovery. In the photovoltaic power generation field, the storage battery can play a role in peak clipping and valley filling. The common feature of the above scenarios is the presence of multiple dc voltage sources. Thus involving the problems of co-operation and power distribution of multiple dc sources. In the above scenario, it is desirable to be able to implement the following functions: when a plurality of direct current sources are in a charging or discharging state at the same time, the power of each direct current source can be controlled and distributed as required; when one direct current source voltage is lower, energy throughput with certain power can still be carried out; energy exchange among all direct current sources can be realized; the modular design is provided, and the number of direct current sources and direct current ports can be increased or decreased conveniently.
In order to achieve the above function, it is a conventional practice to connect each voltage source with a separate three-phase inverter so that each inverter can be controlled independently and the operating state and power of each inverter can be controlled cooperatively by a central control computer or DSP. However, this solution has the disadvantage of requiring more filters and communication devices and requiring each voltage source to have a higher magnitude than the ac side line voltage, otherwise an additional DC/DC boost circuit is required. Since a DC/DC boost circuit is required, its efficiency will be reduced and the cost will be increased.
In the above scenario, if a multi-port converter is adopted, only one set of filter is needed, communication between modules is not needed, and the voltage of each voltage source is not required to be higher than the maximum value of the ac side line voltage. In addition, due to the multi-level characteristic, the output THD is lower and the switching loss is smaller than that of a two-level converter. However, the multi-port converter usually adopts a fixed topology, the expansibility of the multi-port converter is poor, and a new voltage source is not easy to increase.
In 2016, the academy concerned has proposed a multi-port converter with modular design, which can connect each dc voltage source in series to other dc power sources by controlling the on/off of the switch device, so that each power source can be switched into or out of the main circuit. Each direct current source and a plurality of switch tubes form a module, the number of the modules can be increased or decreased conveniently, and the modular design is realized. However, since the dc sources are connected in series, the current flowing through each dc source is always equal in each switching period, and therefore, the power of each dc source has strong coupling, it is difficult to accurately control the power of the dc source, and the power of the dc source can only be controlled by switching the dc source in or out.
It can be seen that, for an application scenario where multiple dc sources coexist, the multi-port converter has a cost advantage over a conventional solution, however, it is difficult to achieve both scalability and accurate power control in the conventional multi-port converter topology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding the number of direct current ports, which can be simultaneously connected with a plurality of direct current voltage sources and enables the direct current voltage sources to work cooperatively, so that the power of each direct current voltage source is distributed and controlled; the bidirectional flow of energy of any one direct current voltage source can be realized, and the energy exchange between the direct current voltage sources is realized; when the voltage of the direct current source is lower, the direct current source still has certain charge and discharge capacity.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding the number of direct current ports comprises a direct current part, a filter and an alternating current part, wherein:
the direct current part comprises at least two direct current units which are connected in parallel, each direct current unit comprises a direct current voltage source and three bidirectional switches, one ends of the three bidirectional switches are connected with one end of the direct current voltage source, the other ends of the three bidirectional switches are respectively connected with three ports of the filter, which are close to the direct current part, and the other ends of the direct current voltage sources are connected with direct current voltage sources in other direct current units;
the three ports of the filter close to the direct current part are A, B, C three phases respectively, and the three ports of the filter close to the direct current part are connected with a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load of the alternating current part.
When a bidirectional switch is turned on, the direct-current voltage source in the direct-current unit is connected to one phase, and at any time, only one direct-current voltage source must be connected to the phase, and the direct-current voltage source in the direct-current unit can be connected to any number of three phases or none of the three phases.
Specifically, the data volume of the direct current unit can be expanded according to needs, and the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter can work in working modes such as rectification, inversion, reactive throughput and harmonic generation according to needs.
In the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter, the voltage of each voltage source of the direct-current part can be positive, negative and zero; the output capability is determined by the difference between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage in each voltage source, and other voltage sources can work under any voltage without influencing the output capability of the converter; the alternating current part can be connected with a power grid or a three-phase load and can work in various working states such as rectification, inversion, reactive power handling, harmonic suppression and the like; in any operating state, any voltage source has power throughput capability.
Specifically, when the voltage of the dc voltage source in a dc unit is always higher or always lower than any other dc voltage source, the bidirectional switch in the dc unit may be replaced by a reverse conducting switch device. Wherein the reverse conducting switch device comprises an IGBT, a reverse conducting gate commutated thyristor (RC-GCT), a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or an Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor (IGCT) with a reverse and freewheeling diode.
When the filter is a single-L filter, one end of the filter inductor is connected with one end of the bidirectional switch in each direct current unit, which is not connected with the direct current voltage source, the other end of the filter inductor is used as alternating current side output and is connected with a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load, and the three inductance values are equal.
When the filter is an LC filter, one end of the filter inductor is connected with one end of the bidirectional switch in each DC unit, which is not connected with the DC voltage source, and the other end of the filter inductor is used as an AC side output and is connected with a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load, and the three inductance values are equal; three same filter capacitors are connected in star or triangle, and three ports of the formed star or triangle structure are respectively connected to the alternating current sides of the three filter inductors.
When the filter is an LCL filter, three ports on the direct current side of the LCL filter are respectively connected to one end, which is not connected with the direct current voltage source, of the bidirectional switch in each direct current unit, and three ports on the alternating current side are used as alternating current side output and are connected with a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load.
Specifically, the direct current voltage source is a capacitor, an energy storage battery, a solar cell array or a fuel cell.
According to the current directions in the three phases of the filter, the access state of a certain direct current voltage source can be controlled in one switching period, so that the charge and discharge states of the direct current voltage source are controlled. When current flows into the voltage source, it is in a charging state; when current flows out of the voltage source, it is in a discharged state.
In the invention, the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter adopts an SVPWM modulation mode or an SPWM modulation mode. When SVPWM is adopted, different vectors are selected to synthesize reference vectors, so that the power of each port can be distributed and controlled; when the SPWM is used, the power of each port can be distributed and controlled by selecting different carriers.
The three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional multiport converter, the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter provided by the invention has the characteristics of modularization and strong expansibility, and is wide in application range;
the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multi-port converter can independently control the power of each port and can realize the bidirectional flow of the energy of each DC voltage source under any voltage;
when a plurality of converters are connected in parallel, more filters, controllers and communication devices among modules are needed; compared with a plurality of converters which are connected in parallel, the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter provided by the invention only needs one set of filter and controller, and does not need an inter-module communication device.
When a plurality of converters are connected in parallel, the voltage of any direct-current voltage source is required to be higher than the maximum value of alternating-current phase voltage; compared with a plurality of converters which are connected in parallel, the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter provided by the invention only requires that the voltage difference between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage in all the direct current sources is greater than the maximum value of the alternating current phase voltage, and has no requirement on the voltages of other direct current sources.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a topological schematic diagram of the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding the number of direct current ports;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of the topology after replacing the bi-directional switch with a reverse conducting switching device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic topology of a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with LC filters as filters;
FIG. 4 is a schematic topology of a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with LCL filters as filters;
FIGS. 5(a) - (c) are schematic diagrams of three bidirectional switch configurations;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of SVPWM modulation with two DC sources;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of SPWM modulation with two dc sources.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the scope of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with the expandable number of DC ports according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a DC part, a filter, and an AC part, where:
the direct current part comprises at least two direct current units which are connected in parallel, each direct current unit comprises a direct current voltage source and three bidirectional switches, one ends of the three bidirectional switches are connected with one end of the direct current voltage source, the other ends of the three bidirectional switches are respectively connected with three ports of the filter, which are close to the direct current part, and the other ends of the direct current voltage sources are connected with direct current voltage sources in other direct current units;
the three ports of the filter close to the direct current part are A, B, C three phases respectively, and the three ports of the filter close to the direct current part are connected with a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load of the alternating current part.
In one embodiment, the filter is a single L filter. As shown in fig. 1, when the filter is a single-L filter, one end of the filter inductor is connected to the end of the bidirectional switch in each dc unit that is not connected to the dc voltage source, and the other end is used as an ac side output and connected to a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load, and the three inductance values are equal.
In another embodiment, the filter may be an LC filter. As shown in fig. 3, when the filter is an LC filter, one end of the filter inductor is connected to the end of the bidirectional switch in each dc unit that is not connected to the dc voltage source, and the other end of the filter inductor is used as an ac side output and is connected to a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load, and the three inductance values are equal; three same filter capacitors are connected in star or triangle, and three ports of the formed star or triangle structure are respectively connected to the alternating current sides of the three filter inductors.
In another embodiment, the filter may be an LCL filter. As shown in fig. 4, when the filter is an LCL filter, three ports on the dc side of the LCL filter are respectively connected to the end of the bidirectional switch in each dc unit that is not connected to the dc voltage source, and three ports on the ac side are used as the ac side output and connected to the three-phase power grid or the three-phase load.
In another embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, when the voltage of the dc voltage source in a dc unit is always higher or always lower than any other dc voltage source, the bidirectional switch in the dc unit may be replaced by a reverse conducting switch device. The reverse conducting switch device comprises an IGBT, a reverse conducting type gate commutated thyristor, a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor or an integrated gate commutated thyristor with a reverse parallel freewheeling diode.
In the present invention, the bidirectional switch may be 3 types of bidirectional switches as shown in fig. 5(a) to 5(c), and in specific implementation, any two types of bidirectional switches may be selected as needed.
The three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter provided by the invention adopts an SVPWM modulation mode or an SPWM modulation mode.
The working principle of the SVWPM modulation mode is explained below by taking a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with two parallel direct-current unit topologies as an example.
When the number of dc cells in the dc part is 2, i.e. there are two dc voltage sources, there are three possible voltage conditions at each of the three dc side ports of the filter, thus a total of 3327 switching states. Each switch state produces a voltage state for three ports of the filter. Similar to the normal vector modulation method, the voltage state can be represented by vectors, so that there are 27 vectors including 3 zero vectors and 24 non-zero vectors. The vector space is shown in fig. 6.
At any moment, because the three-phase currents are different, the 27 vectors act, and the power of the two direct current sources is different. When the vector acts, if the current flows into a certain voltage source, the voltage source is in a charging state, and if the current flows out of the certain voltage source, the voltage source is in a discharging state. All 27 vectors correspond to different direct current source powers respectively under the condition of a given current direction.
Assuming a current time, a target reference vector UrefAs shown in fig. 6. The power of each voltage source on the direct current side can be controlled by selecting an appropriate and appropriate vector from the 27 vectors to synthesize the target reference vector.
The working principle of the SPWM mode is explained below by taking a three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with two parallel direct current unit topologies as an example. The amplitude of the carrier wave is adjusted according to the requirement, and the power of each direct current source can be controlled.
For convenience of explanation, it is not assumed that the two dc source voltages on the dc side are U respectivelyHAnd UL. The modulated wave and carrier wave are shown in fig. 7. Three carriers in total, and the amplitude ranges are respectively-1 to 1, -1 to 2UL/UH-1，2UL/UH-1 to 1, respectively corresponding to the DC side voltage switch 0-U of the filterH、0-ULAnd UH-UL。
And selecting proper carrier waves according to the instantaneous value of the current modulation wave and the current direction, so that the power of each direct current source can be controlled. For example, it is desirable to have UHCharging, when the phase current direction is toward the DC source, selecting 0-UHAnd UH-ULCarrier wave, thereby making UHAccess the phase, relative to UHCharging; when the phase current direction is toward the AC side, 0-U is selectedLCarrier wave to avoid UHThe phase is accessed.
Above-mentioned this two-way DC AC multiport converter of three-phase non-isolated utilizes the two-way switch pipe, has realized a plurality of direct current sources collaborative work, has simple structure, control advantages such as simple and convenient, expansibility is strong, the operating voltage wide range, power control range is wide, and direct current source operating voltage wide range, power control range is wide, has modularization, the characteristics that can expand, and control is simple, has stronger practicality.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, additions, equivalents, etc. made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding the number of direct current ports is characterized by comprising a direct current part, a filter and an alternating current part, wherein:
the direct current part comprises at least two direct current units which are connected in parallel, each direct current unit comprises a direct current voltage source and three bidirectional switches, one ends of the three bidirectional switches are connected with one end of the direct current voltage source, the other ends of the three bidirectional switches are respectively connected with three ports of the filter, which are close to the direct current part, and the other ends of the direct current voltage sources are connected with direct current voltage sources in other direct current units;
three ports of the filter, which are close to the direct current part, are A, B, C three phases respectively, and the three ports of the filter, which are close to the alternating current part, are connected with a three-phase power grid or a three-phase load of the alternating current part;
when the voltage of a direct current voltage source in a certain direct current unit is always higher or lower than any other direct current voltage source, a bidirectional switch in the direct current unit is replaced by a reverse conducting switch device;
expanding the data volume of the direct current unit as required, and enabling the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter to work in a rectification, inversion, reactive throughput and harmonic generation working mode as required;
in the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter, the voltage of each voltage source of a direct-current part is positive, negative and zero; the output capability is determined by the difference between the highest voltage and the lowest voltage in each voltage source, and other voltage sources work under any voltage without influencing the output capability of the converter; the alternating current part of the power supply is connected with a power grid or a three-phase load and works in the working states of rectification, inversion, reactive power handling and harmonic suppression; in any operating state, any voltage source has power throughput capability.
2. The scalable DC port number three-phase non-isolated bi-directional DC/AC multiport converter as claimed in claim 1, wherein said reverse conducting switching device comprises an IGBT, a reverse conducting gate commutated thyristor, a metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistor, or an integrated gate commutated thyristor with a reverse and freewheeling diode.
3. The three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with scalable DC port count according to claim 1, wherein when the filter is a single L filter, one end of the filter inductor is connected to the end of the bidirectional switch in each DC unit not connected to the DC voltage source, and the other end is used as an AC side output to be connected to a three-phase grid or a three-phase load, and the three inductance values are equal.
4. The three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with expandable number of DC ports according to claim 1, wherein when the filter is an LC filter, one end of the filter inductor is connected to the end of each DC unit where the bidirectional switch is not connected to the DC voltage source, and the other end is output as an AC side and connected to a three-phase grid or a three-phase load, and the three inductance values are equal; three same filter capacitors are connected in star or triangle, and three ports of the formed star or triangle structure are respectively connected to the alternating current sides of the three filter inductors.
5. The three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter with expandable DC port number according to claim 1, wherein when the filter is an LCL filter, three DC ports of the LCL filter are connected to the end of the bidirectional switch of each DC unit not connected to the DC voltage source, and three AC ports are connected to the three-phase grid or the three-phase load as AC side output.
6. The scalable DC port number three-phase non-isolated bi-directional DC/AC multiport converter as recited in claim 1, wherein said DC voltage source is a capacitor, an energy storage battery, a solar array or a fuel cell.
7. The three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter capable of expanding the number of direct-current ports according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-phase non-isolated bidirectional DC/AC multiport converter adopts an SVPWM modulation mode or an SPWM modulation mode.
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| US11817701B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2023-11-14 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Multi-port split-phase power system |
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| CN105262355A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multiport inverter |
| CN109495001A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | 山东大学 | Three level Vienna rectifier of modular parallel, control system and method |
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| CN108448901A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-08-24 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of integrated DC-DC converter topological structure of solar energy electric power supply for coaches system |
| CN109494987A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学（深圳） | Non-isolated multiport Bidirectional up-down die mould DC converter |
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| CN105262355A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2016-01-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Multiport inverter |
| CN109495001A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-19 | 山东大学 | Three level Vienna rectifier of modular parallel, control system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US11817701B2 (en) | 2021-01-29 | 2023-11-14 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Multi-port split-phase power system |
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