CN110299043B - Three-dimensional constant-pressure high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model - Google Patents
Three-dimensional constant-pressure high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model Download PDFInfo
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- CN110299043B CN110299043B CN201910574551.1A CN201910574551A CN110299043B CN 110299043 B CN110299043 B CN 110299043B CN 201910574551 A CN201910574551 A CN 201910574551A CN 110299043 B CN110299043 B CN 110299043B
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- G09B9/00—Simulators for teaching or training purposes
Abstract
The invention relates to a three-dimensional constant-pressure-coverage high-efficiency natural gas hydrate simulation model which comprises a simulation bracket, wherein the simulation bracket comprises a pair of supporting blocks which are distributed up and down; the pressure simulation container is arranged in a gap between the two supporting blocks and comprises a pressure container body; the hydrate simulation container is arranged in the pressure simulation container, is driven by a feeding mechanism to enter and exit the pressure container main body, and is also internally provided with a hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism. The invention has the advantages that: the pressure simulation container is additionally arranged on the outer side of the hydrate simulation container, so that the pressure in the pressure simulation container can be changed to prevent the hydrate simulation container from deforming when the hydrate simulation container deforms, the whole hydrate simulation container can be thinned, the weight of the corresponding hydrate simulation container is lightened, and the experiment is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of natural gas development, in particular to a three-dimensional constant-pressure high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model.
Background
The natural gas hydrate is also called as combustible ice, and is an ice-like crystalline substance formed by natural gas and water under high pressure and low temperature conditions and distributed in deep sea sediments or permafrost in land areas. It is also called "combustible ice" because it looks like ice and burns when exposed to fire. The resource density is high, the global distribution is wide, and the resource value is extremely high, so the method becomes a long-term research hotspot in the oil and gas industry. Since the last 60 s, some countries, such as the united states, japan, germany, china, korea, and india, have developed natural gas hydrate exploration and development programs. Heretofore, hydrate sites have been found to exceed 230 in offshore sea and permafrost regions, emerging as a large body of hot research areas for natural gas hydrates.
Based on the characteristics of natural gas hydrate reservoirs, the natural gas hydrate reservoirs are considered to be natural gas hydrate reservoirs with certain amount of methane and other gases migrating to formations with appropriate temperature-pressure, and natural gas hydrate resources existing in the formations/loose sediments in a solid state form and natural gas aggregates directly associated with the natural gas hydrates resources. Therefore, when natural gas hydrate resource exploration and evaluation are carried out, the free gas condition at the lower part of a natural gas hydrate layer is required to be found out, and the natural gas hydrate reservoir with the free gas layer in a solid-gas two-storey mode is a currently favorable natural gas hydrate development target.
The possible existing forms of the hydrate reservoir comprise I type, II type and III type, and layered physical simulation is an important means for researching the exploitation mechanism of different types of hydrate reservoirs; even if the hydrate reservoirs of the same type are adopted, the layered physical model can more truly reflect the decomposition dynamic, the stratum heat conduction and the flow characteristics of the hydrate reservoirs in the vertical direction. Therefore, the layered physical simulation experiment device for hydrate development is developed, and data support can be provided for the exploitation dynamic analysis and the later numerical simulation research of different types of hydrate reservoirs.
At present, when hydrate layer distributes in the simulation ground bottom, the current hydrate development layering physical simulation container, the pressure high pressure that forms in the simulation container and pressure variation scheduling problem, consequently, in order to avoid influencing the distribution of container hydrate layer, can generally make the thick whole of container wall thick, just so lead to whole container bulky, weight is heavy, remove inconvenient, be unfavorable for the experiment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a three-dimensional constant-pressure-coverage high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model, which can reduce the wall thickness and weight of a simulated container and is convenient for experiments.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a three-dimensional constant-pressure high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model is characterized by comprising the following innovation points: comprises that
The simulation support comprises a pair of supporting blocks which are distributed up and down, a gap is reserved between the two supporting blocks, an inverted U-shaped opening is formed in the bottom end of the supporting block positioned above the simulation support, and a U-shaped opening is formed in the top end of the supporting block positioned below the simulation support;
the pressure simulation container is arranged in a gap between the two supporting blocks and comprises a pressure container main body, the pressure container main body is a hollow cylindrical container with two open side ends, a pressure container sealing cover matched with the pressure container main body is fixedly arranged on one side of the pressure container main body, and a pressure container cover plate matched with the pressure container main body for use is movably arranged on the other side of the pressure container main body;
the hydrate simulation container is arranged in the pressure simulation container, is driven by a feeding mechanism to enter and exit the pressure container main body, and is also internally provided with a hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism.
Further, the cooperation between the pressure vessel main body and the pressure vessel cover plate is as follows: the side of the simulation support is provided with a pair of movable guide rails which are horizontally arranged and extend towards the direction of the pressure vessel cover plate, the pair of movable guide rails are arranged on a guide rail support, the side end of the guide rail support is fixed with the simulation support, the movable guide rails are provided with movable sliding blocks which are matched with the movable guide rails for use, the two sides of the bottom end of the pressure vessel cover plate are respectively fixedly connected with the movable sliding blocks, and the pressure vessel cover plate is driven by a horizontal driving cylinder arranged on the guide rail support to be far away from or close to the pressure vessel main body, so that the opening and closing of the pressure vessel main body are realized.
Furthermore, the feeding mechanism comprises a pair of fixed guide rails arranged in the pressure container main body and a pair of movable guide rails arranged outside the pressure container main body, the end parts of the fixed guide rails are mutually butted with the end parts of the movable guide rails, the movable guide rails are arranged on a lifting support, the lifting support is driven by a pair of lifting oil cylinders to lift up and down and drive the movable guide rails to lift up and down, movable sliding blocks which slide back and forth between the movable guide rails and the fixed guide rails are further arranged on the movable guide rails and the fixed guide rails, the bottom end of the hydrate simulation container is supported on the movable sliding blocks, a feeding cylinder is further arranged outside the pressure container sealing cover, and a piston rod of the feeding cylinder extends into the pressure simulation container and is connected with the side end of the hydrate simulation container and pulls the hydrate simulation container into the pressure simulation container.
Furthermore, hydrate simulation container includes a simulation container main part and the simulation container apron of cooperating with simulation container main part, simulation container main part is the equal open-ended hollow cuboid structure in an upper and lower both ends, and the upper and lower both ends of simulation container main part all are fixed with a simulation container apron through the bolt, still are provided with the lug on the top of the simulation container apron that is located the top.
Furthermore, the hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism comprises a pair of clamping plates which are distributed up and down and are positioned in the pressure container main body, and the clamping plates are driven to be close to or far away from each other by clamping cylinders arranged on the supporting blocks respectively, so that the hydrate simulation container is clamped or loosened.
Furthermore, lifting lugs are arranged on the two sides of the supporting block above the pressure simulation container.
Further, the inner wall of the pressure simulation container is coated with a layer of nano heat insulation coating layer.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the cover plate of the pressure container is also provided with a deformation sensor.
The invention has the advantages that: in the invention, the pressure simulation container is additionally arranged on the outer side of the hydrate simulation container, so that the pressure in the pressure simulation container can be changed to prevent the hydrate simulation container from deforming when the hydrate simulation container deforms, and thus, the whole hydrate simulation container can be thinned, the weight of the corresponding hydrate simulation container is lightened, and the experiment is convenient.
The pressure simulation container is designed to be cylindrical, the pressure requirement can be met by the pressure simulation container by utilizing the characteristic of high pressure bearing of the cylinder, and by matching the design, the hydrate simulation container can be designed to be cuboid, so that the distribution condition of the hydrate on the ground can be better simulated.
For the arrangement of the hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism, the hydrate simulation container is clamped through the pair of clamping plates, so that the problem that the experiment is influenced due to the fact that the hydrate simulation container moves in the pressure simulation container in the process of carrying out the simulation experiment is avoided.
The nano heat insulation coating layer is coated on the inner wall of the pressure simulation container, so that the heat dissipation capacity can be reduced by 80%, the hydrate simulation container and cold fluid are subjected to sufficient heat convection, and the purpose of efficient refrigeration is achieved.
The deformation sensor is arranged, so that the deformation of the weakest point of the hydrate simulation container can be monitored, and the deformation of the hydrate simulation container is tracked according to the value fed back by the deformation sensor to control the pressure in the pressure simulation container, so that the problem of deformation damage caused by thinning of the hydrate simulation container can be solved.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of a three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 2.
FIG. 4 is a side view of a three-dimensional constant overpressure high efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view C-C of fig. 4.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to enable one of ordinary skill in the art to more fully understand the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments described herein.
A three-dimensional constant-pressure-covering high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model shown in figures 1-5 comprises
The simulation support comprises a pair of supporting blocks 1 which are distributed up and down, a gap is reserved between the two supporting blocks 1, an inverted U-shaped opening is formed in the bottom end of the supporting block 1 located above, a U-shaped opening is formed in the top end of the supporting block 1 located below, the two supporting blocks 1 are fixedly connected through four pull rods 11 which are distributed in a rectangular shape, the bottom end of each pull rod 11 is fixedly connected with the supporting block 1 located below, the upper end of each pull rod 11 penetrates through the supporting block 1 located above from bottom to top and then is connected with a pull rod cap 12, and the pull rod cap 12 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 11 through a pin shaft.
The pressure simulation container is arranged in a gap between the two supporting blocks 1 and comprises a pressure container body 2, the pressure container body 2 is a hollow cylindrical container with two open side ends, a pressure container sealing cover 21 matched with the pressure container body 2 is fixedly arranged on one side of the pressure container body 2, and a pressure container cover plate 22 matched with the pressure container body 2 for use is movably arranged on the other side of the pressure container body 2.
The cooperation between the pressure vessel main body 2 and the pressure vessel cover plate 22 is: a pair of movable guide rails 23 which are horizontally arranged and extend towards the direction of the pressure vessel cover plate 22 are arranged at the side of the simulation bracket, the pair of movable guide rails 23 are arranged on a guide rail bracket 24, the side end of the guide rail bracket 24 is fixedly connected with the side end of the supporting block 1 of the simulation bracket, a movable slide block 25 which is matched with the movable guide rails is arranged on the movable guide rails 24, a connecting seat 25 is also connected with the bottom end of the pressure vessel cover plate 22, the two sides of the bottom end of the connecting seat 25 are respectively and fixedly connected with the movable slide blocks 25 on the two movable guide rails 23, the pressure vessel cover plate 22 is driven to be far away from or close to the pressure vessel main body 2 by a horizontal driving cylinder 27 arranged on the guide rail bracket 24, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the pressure vessel main body 2, a convex bulge is arranged at one side of the pressure vessel cover plate 22, and a groove which is embedded with the convex is arranged at the inner wall of the pressure vessel main body 2 close to the pressure vessel cover plate 22, still be provided with the sealing washer between arch and recess to ensure the sealed effect between pressure vessel apron 22 and the pressure vessel main part 2, avoid causing revealing of pressure, and influence the data result of experiment.
A hydrate simulation container of arranging in pressure simulation container in, hydrate simulation container includes a simulation vessel main part 3 and with simulation vessel main part 3 matched with simulation vessel apron 31, simulation vessel main part 3 is the equal open-ended hollow cuboid structure in an upper and lower both ends, the upper and lower both ends of simulation vessel main part 3 all are fixed with a simulation vessel apron 31 through the bolt, the top of simulation vessel apron 31 that is located the top still is provided with the lug, the setting of lug, then in order to be convenient for hoist whole hydrate simulation container to the pressure simulation container in or lift out from the pressure simulation container, reduce hand labor.
The pressure simulation container is designed to be cylindrical, the pressure requirement can be met by the pressure simulation container by utilizing the characteristic of high pressure bearing of the cylinder, and by matching the design, the hydrate simulation container can be designed to be cuboid, so that the distribution condition of the hydrate on the ground can be better simulated.
The hydrate simulation container is driven by a feeding mechanism to enter and exit the pressure container main body 2, the feeding mechanism comprises a pair of fixed guide rails 41 arranged in the pressure container main body 2 and a pair of movable guide rails 42 arranged outside the pressure container main body 2, the end parts of the fixed guide rails 41 are mutually butted with the end parts of the movable guide rails 42, the movable guide rails 41 are arranged on a lifting support 43, the lifting support 43 is driven by a pair of lifting oil cylinders 44 to lift up and down and drive the movable guide rails 42 to lift up and down, the lifting support 43 is driven by the two lifting oil cylinders 44 to lift up and down, so that the lifting support 43 can move more stably, the phenomenon of inclination is avoided, the hydrate simulation container arranged on the movable guide rails 42 slides down, and movable sliding blocks 45 which slide back and forth between the movable guide rails 42 and the fixed guide rails 41 are also arranged on the movable guide rails 42, the simulation container cover plate 31 at the bottom end of the hydrate simulation container is supported on the movable sliding block 45, the movable sliding block 45 is limited by the head of a bolt which is used for fixing the simulation container cover plate 31 and the simulation container main body 3 and is exposed outside, the outer side of the pressure container cover 21 is also provided with a feeding cylinder 46, a piston rod of the feeding cylinder 46 extends into the pressure simulation container and is connected with the side end of the hydrate simulation container, and meanwhile, the side wall of the simulation container main body 3 is provided with a connecting flange which is connected with the feeding cylinder 46 and pulls the hydrate simulation container into the pressure simulation container. In the present embodiment, hydraulic cylinders are used for both the lift cylinder 44 and the feed cylinder 46.
The pressure vessel main body 2 is also provided with a hydrate simulation vessel clamping mechanism, the hydrate simulation vessel clamping mechanism comprises a pair of clamping plates 51 which are positioned in the pressure vessel main body 2 and distributed up and down, the clamping plate 51 positioned below is positioned between the two fixed guide rails 41, the clamping plates 51 are driven by clamping cylinders 52 arranged on the supporting blocks 1 to be close to or far away from each other respectively, so that the hydrate simulation vessel is clamped or loosened, the clamping plates 51 are provided with a plurality of rectangular grooves which are distributed in parallel, the rectangular grooves are arranged instead of a plane, and the hydrate simulation vessel can be better clamped by the clamping plates 51. For the arrangement of the hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism, the hydrate simulation container is clamped through the pair of clamping plates 51, so that the problem that the experiment is influenced because the hydrate simulation container moves in the pressure simulation container in the process of carrying out the simulation experiment is avoided.
The inner wall of the pressure simulation container is coated with a layer of nano heat insulation coating layer. The nano heat insulation coating layer is coated on the inner wall of the pressure simulation container, so that the heat dissipation capacity can be reduced by 80%, the hydrate simulation container and cold fluid are subjected to sufficient heat convection, and the purpose of efficient refrigeration is achieved.
The inner wall of the pressure vessel cover plate 22 is also provided with four deformation sensors 28, and the four deformation sensors 28 are distributed on the upper side of the pressure vessel cover plate 22 in an arc shape. The deformation sensor 28 is arranged, so that the deformation of the weakest point of the hydrate simulation container can be monitored, and the deformation of the hydrate simulation container is tracked according to the value fed back by the deformation sensor 28 to control the pressure in the pressure simulation container, so that the problem of deformation damage caused by thinning of the hydrate simulation container can be solved.
The working principle is as follows: in the experiment, firstly, a hydrate simulation container with a rock stratum is hung on a movable sliding block 45 on a movable guide rail 42 through a crane or other similar hoisting devices, then a feeding cylinder 46 works, a piston rod is moved to the side of the hydrate simulation container, the feeding cylinder 46 is connected with the hydrate simulation container through a connecting flange, then the feeding cylinder 46 reversely retracts, the hydrate simulation container is pulled to move from the movable guide rail 42 to a fixed guide rail 41 and enters the pressure simulation container, at the moment, a lifting oil cylinder 44 drives a lifting support 43 to move downwards and drives the movable guide rail 42 to move downwards so as to avoid a pressure container cover plate 22, then a horizontal driving cylinder 27 works, the pressure container cover plate 22 is pushed to be embedded with a pressure container main body 2, the pressure container cover plate 22 is kept to be compressed through a horizontal driving cylinder 27, then two clamping cylinders 52 drive two clamping plates 51 to clamp the hydrate simulation container up and down, and then the pressure simulation container is connected to a pressure system and a refrigerating system, the pressure simulation container is pressurized and refrigerated, so that the formation of the hydrate in the hydrate simulation container is facilitated, the deformation condition of the pressure simulation container is monitored through the deformation sensor 28, the pressure in the pressure simulation container is changed in time, and the hydrate simulation container is matched to avoid permanent deformation of the hydrate simulation container.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A three-dimensional constant-pressure high-efficiency simulated natural gas hydrate model is characterized in that: comprises that
The simulation support comprises a pair of supporting blocks which are distributed up and down, a gap is reserved between the two supporting blocks, an inverted U-shaped opening is formed in the bottom end of the supporting block positioned above the simulation support, and a U-shaped opening is formed in the top end of the supporting block positioned below the simulation support;
the pressure simulation container is arranged in a gap between the two supporting blocks and comprises a pressure container main body, the pressure container main body is a hollow cylindrical container with two open side ends, a pressure container sealing cover matched with the pressure container main body is fixedly arranged on one side of the pressure container main body, and a pressure container cover plate matched with the pressure container main body for use is movably arranged on the other side of the pressure container main body;
the hydrate simulation container is arranged in the pressure simulation container, is driven by a feeding mechanism to enter and exit the pressure container main body, and is also internally provided with a hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism;
the feeding mechanism comprises a pair of fixed guide rails arranged in the pressure container main body and a pair of movable guide rails arranged on the outer side of the pressure container main body, the end parts of the fixed guide rails are mutually butted with the end parts of the movable guide rails, the movable guide rails are arranged on a lifting support, the lifting support is driven by a pair of lifting oil cylinders to lift up and down and drive the movable guide rails to lift up and down, movable sliding blocks which slide back and forth between the movable guide rails and the fixed guide rails are further arranged on the movable guide rails and the fixed guide rails, the bottom end of the hydrate simulation container is supported on the movable sliding blocks, a feeding cylinder is further arranged on the outer side of the pressure container sealing cover, and a piston rod of the feeding cylinder extends into the pressure simulation container and is connected with the side end of the hydrate simulation container and pulls the hydrate simulation container into the pressure simulation container.
2. The three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency natural gas hydrate model of claim 1, wherein: the cooperation between pressure vessel main part and the pressure vessel apron does: the side of the simulation support is provided with a pair of movable guide rails which are horizontally arranged and extend towards the direction of the pressure vessel cover plate, the pair of movable guide rails are arranged on a guide rail support, the side end of the guide rail support is fixed with the simulation support, the movable guide rails are provided with movable sliding blocks which are matched with the movable guide rails for use, the two sides of the bottom end of the pressure vessel cover plate are respectively fixedly connected with the movable sliding blocks, and the pressure vessel cover plate is driven by a horizontal driving cylinder arranged on the guide rail support to be far away from or close to the pressure vessel main body, so that the opening and closing of the pressure vessel main body are realized.
3. The three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency natural gas hydrate model of claim 1, wherein: hydrate simulation container includes a simulation container main part and with simulation container main part matched with simulation container apron, simulation container main part is the equal open-ended hollow cuboid structure in an upper and lower both ends, and the upper and lower both ends of simulation container main part all are fixed with a simulation container apron through the bolt, still are provided with the lug on the top of the simulation container apron that is located the top.
4. The three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency natural gas hydrate model of claim 1, wherein: the hydrate simulation container clamping mechanism comprises a pair of clamping plates which are positioned in the pressure container main body and distributed up and down, and the clamping plates are driven to be close to or far away from each other by clamping cylinders arranged on supporting blocks respectively, so that the hydrate simulation container is clamped or loosened.
5. The three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency natural gas hydrate model of claim 1, wherein: lifting lugs are arranged on the two sides of the supporting block above the pressure simulation container.
6. The three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency natural gas hydrate model of claim 1, wherein: the inner wall of the pressure simulation container is coated with a layer of nano heat insulation coating layer.
7. The three-dimensional constant-overpressure high-efficiency natural gas hydrate model of claim 1, wherein: and the inner wall of the cover plate of the pressure container is also provided with a deformation sensor.
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| CN208990766U (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-06-18 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | A kind of object containing natural gas hydrate deposits shakes out reaction kettle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7621186B2 (en) * | 2007-01-31 | 2009-11-24 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Testing mechanical properties |
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| CN202330168U (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2012-07-11 | 东北石油大学 | Simulation test device of separate layer fracturing layer cross flow |
| CN103323352A (en) * | 2013-06-07 | 2013-09-25 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Natural gas hydrate deposit dynamic triaxial mechanic-acoustic-electrical synchronous test experimental device and method |
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