CN110291578B - Keyboard harmonica - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a keyboard harmonica capable of adjusting tone without complicating the structure. The opening ratio of the middle range SA2 and the high range SA3 of the valve pad 40 of the keyboard harmonica 1 is smaller than 1. Therefore, in the flute chambers 10 corresponding to the middle and high sound ranges SA2 and SA3, the air flow is blown onto the flap pad 40 to change the air flow path R, and thus the sounds of the middle and high sound ranges SA2 and SA3 are adjusted to soft tone. Further, by changing the shape of the opening 41 of the flap pad 40, the tone color can be adjusted without complicating the structure.

Description

Keyboard harmonica

Technical Field

The invention relates to a keyboard harmonica.

Background

The keyboard harmonica is provided with a keyboard and free reeds corresponding to the pitch, and when the keyboard harmonica blows and presses a button, air flows to the free reeds corresponding to the pressed button, and the free reeds vibrate to make a sound. Similarly, musical instruments having free reeds include harmonica, accordion, and the like. Non-patent documents 1 and 2 describe techniques for adjusting the tone color of an accordion.

Non-patent document 1 and non-patent document 2 describe an accordion provided with an acoustic echo chamber (Cassotto). As described in non-patent document 1 and non-patent document 2, an accordion provided with an acoustic back chamber is provided with four reed groups. In each of the four reed groups, a plurality of free reeds are mounted corresponding to one key of the keyboard. Two of the four reed sets are co-located with a standard accordion. On the other hand, the other two reed groups are arranged in directions different from the standard accordion by about 90 degrees. Thus, sound emitted from two reed groups different in direction propagates outside the instrument through a space called a sound return chamber. Since the sound emitted from the two reed groups having different directions passes through the echo chamber, the sound emitted from the free reed is soft.

Prior art literature

Non-patent literature

Non-patent document 1: "Cassotto Accordion", [ online ], [ Ping-Cheng 12-month 21-day search ] Internet < http:// www.mick-hursey. Co.uk/acccordions/tanks-acccordions/>

Non-patent document 2: "All About the Instrument", [ online ], [ Ping-Cheng 12 month 21 search ] Internet < http:// www.accordions.co.uk/All%20About%20the%20instrument. Htm ]

Disclosure of Invention

Technical problem to be solved by the invention

In the accordion having the acoustic echo chamber described in non-patent document 1 and non-patent document 2, although tone color can be adjusted to be soft, there is a problem that the structure becomes complicated as compared with an accordion not having the acoustic echo chamber because the acoustic echo chamber is formed.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a keyboard harmonica capable of adjusting tone without complicating the structure.

Technical scheme for solving technical problems

Disclosed is a keyboard musical instrument provided with: a keyboard having a plurality of keys corresponding to a plurality of pitches; a plurality of flute chambers corresponding to respective keys of the plurality of keys and having an air inflow port and an air outflow port; a reed attached to the air inlet; a flap that is linked to each of the plurality of keys and opens and closes the air outflow port; a flap pad which is attached to the air outflow port, has an opening through which air passes in an open state of the flap, and seals between the air outflow port and the flap in a closed state of the flap; the opening area of the first opening, which is the opening of at least one flute chamber among the plurality of flute chambers, is smaller than the opening area of the air outflow port. In this way, in the flute chamber having the opening area smaller than the area of the air outlet, the air flow is blown onto the flap pad to change the air flow path, and thus the tone color is adjusted to be soft. Further, the shape of the opening of the flap pad is changed, so that tone can be adjusted without complicating the structure.

The present specification also discloses a musical instrument including: a flute chamber having an air flow inlet and an air flow outlet; a reed installed at the air inflow port; a flap that opens and closes the air outflow port; a flap pad which is attached to the air outflow port, has an opening through which air passes in an open state of the flap, and seals between the air outflow port and the flap in a closed state of the flap; the opening area of the opening is smaller than the opening area of the air outflow port.

ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION

According to the keyboard musical instrument of the present application, it is possible to provide a keyboard musical instrument capable of adjusting tone color without complicating the structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a keyboard harmonica according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the keyboard harmonica.

Fig. 3 is a view schematically showing the upper frame of the keyboard harmonica with the external frame and the keyboard removed, as seen from the direction a shown in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a valve pad whose aperture ratio is different for each of the sound ranges.

Fig. 5 is a graph comparing the sound pressure level of the conventional product and the embodiment product at the time of producing the sound of a#5.

Fig. 6 is a graph comparing sound pressure levels of a conventional product and an embodiment product at the time of producing B5.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the keyboard harmonica 1 includes an outer case 2, a keyboard 3, a mouthpiece connecting section 4, and the like. The keyboard 3 has 37 keys 30 corresponding to 37 pitches of F3 to F6. A hole, not shown, is formed in the left end of the outer case 2 into which the tubular mouthpiece connecting section 4 is inserted. The outer case 2 is made of an ABS resin to which polylactic acid is added, that is, a polylactic acid ABS resin. The outer case 2 has a substantially box shape with an upper side opened, and a keyboard 3 is disposed above. Here, the direction in which the keys 30 are arranged is the left-right direction. The keys 30 include white keys 30a and black keys 30b. In the following description, the white key 30a and the black key 30b will be referred to as the keys 30 without distinction.

Next, the internal structure of the keyboard harmonica 1 will be described with reference to fig. 2. A flute chamber 10, an air chamber 14, and an exhaust chamber 15 are formed inside the keyboard harmonica 1. The keyboard harmonica 1 is formed with the same number of flute chambers 10 as the keys 30. The flute chamber 10 has an air flow inlet 11 and an air flow outlet 12. The air chamber 14 is a space having a length substantially equal to the length of the keyboard 3 in the lateral direction. The air chamber 14 communicates with the mouthpiece connecting section 4 and is disposed below the reed section 60. The exhaust chamber 15 is disposed behind the flute chamber 10, and communicates with the outside of the keyboard instrument 1 through an opening, not shown, formed in the outer case 2. A reed 63 included in the reed part 60 is attached to the air inlet 11 of the flute chamber 10. A flap 33 is disposed at the air outlet 12, and opens and closes the air outlet 12 in conjunction with each key 30. A flap pad 40 is attached to the air outlet 12, and the flap pad 40 has an opening 41 (fig. 3) through which air passes in an opened state of the flap 33. The flap pad 40 is interposed between the air outlet 12 and the flap 33, and is separated from the flap 33 in the open state of the flap 33, and the air outlet 12 is opened in a state in which air is allowed to pass through the opening 41. Then, in the closed state of the flap 33, the flap pad 40 is in contact with the flap 33, and the air outflow port 12 is closed in a state where the flap 33 is closed off the opening 41. When the player blows air through the mouthpiece connecting section 4 and presses the key 30, the flap 33 opens, and the air flow vibrates the reed 63, and the keyboard harmonica 1 sounds.

The keyboard harmonica 1 includes an upper frame 5, a lower frame 7, a sound absorbing pad 21, springs 22, and the like in addition to the above-described structure. The resin upper frame 5 has a base 51, a first protrusion 52, and a second protrusion 53. The base 51 has a flat plate shape extending in the left-right direction. A plurality of partition walls (not shown) that divide the plurality of flute chambers 10 are formed in the base 51. A first protrusion 52 extending upward from the base 51 is provided at the rear end of the base 51. A second protrusion 53 protruding rearward from the base 51 is formed at the rear end of the base 51. The upper frame 5 is manufactured by injection molding. The reed part 60 has reed plates 61 and the same number of reeds 63 as the flute chambers 10. The metal reed plate 61 has the same number of reed holes 62 as the flute chambers 10. The metallic reed 63 has a flat plate shape and a length corresponding to the pitch. The reed 63 is fixedly mounted to the lower surface of the reed plate 61 at the rear end portion below the reed hole 62. The lower frame 7 has a box-like shape with an upper side open. Here, the space divided by the lower frame 7 and the reed portion 60 is the air chamber 14. The space behind the flute chamber 10 defined by the outer case 2, the upper frame 5, and the lower frame 7 is an exhaust chamber 15.

The flap 33 is integrally formed with the key 30. A protrusion 32 extending rearward is formed at the rear end of the key 30. A recess 31 that engages with the first protrusion 52 is formed on the lower surface of the rear of the key 30. Thereby, the key 30 can rotate about the concave portion 31 as a fulcrum. The spring 22 is engaged with the protrusion 32 and the second protrusion 53. Thereby, the rear end portion of the key 30 is biased downward, and the front end portion of the key 30 is biased upward.

The rubber sound absorbing pad 21 has a flat plate shape extending in the left-right direction and is attached to the outer case 2 so as to be positioned below the exhaust chamber 15. The flap pad 40 is formed with the same number of openings 41 (fig. 3) as the flute chambers 10 in a flat plate-shaped member as described later, and is adhered to the air outlet 12. The material of the flap pad 40 is, for example, foam rubber such as porous EPDM (ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber) or the like, and is a so-called rubber sponge. The flap pad 40 has a thickness of approximately 1mm. The flap gasket 40 seals between the air flow outlet 12 and the flap 33 in the closed state of the flap 33.

In the non-depressed state of the key 30 shown in fig. 2, the flap 33 closes the opening 41 of the flap pad 40, and the air outflow port 12 is closed. Here, when air is blown into the air chamber 14 to sound the other key 30, the flap pad 40 seals between the air flow outlet 12 and the flap 33, and the degree of sealing (the degree of adhesion) of the flap 33 to the air flow outlet 12 is improved, so that leakage of air in the flute chamber 10 in the non-key state, that is, so-called air leakage, can be suppressed. On the other hand, in the key state in which the key 30 is pressed, the tip end portion of the key 30 is turned downward, the flap 33 is also turned downward, the flap 33 is separated from the flap pad 40 to open the air outflow port 12, and an air flow path R from the air chamber 14 to the exhaust chamber 15 is formed in the flute chamber 10. The air blown from the mouthpiece connecting section 4 flows through the air flow path R. Thereby, the reed 63 vibrates to generate sound.

Next, the valve pad 40 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3. The valve pad 40 is manufactured by punching an opening 41 in a molded flat plate-like member using a punching die. Here, 37 pitches of sound emitted from the keyboard harmonica 1 are divided into three ranges of a bass range SA1 containing 12 pitches, a midrange range SA2 containing 13 pitches, and a treble range SA3 containing 12 pitches. The aperture ratios of the openings 41 are different from each other in each of the ranges, and the aperture ratios of the bass range SA1, the middle range SA2, and the treble range SA3 are 1.1, 0.4, and 0.25, respectively. The aperture ratio here is a value calculated by dividing the opening area of the opening 41 by the opening area of the air outflow port 12. In the following description, when the openings 41 having different opening ratios are distinguished, the opening 41 of the bass region SA1, the opening 41 of the midrange region SA2, and the opening 41 of the treble region SA3 are referred to as a bass opening 41a, a midrange opening 41b, and a treble opening 41c, respectively. As shown in fig. 4, the opening area of the treble opening 41c is smaller than the opening area of the midrange opening 41 b.

As shown in fig. 4, the opening 41 has a shape in which corners of the rectangle are rounded with respect to the rectangular air outlet 12. The opening area of the bass opening portion 41a is slightly larger than the opening area of the air outlet 12 so as not to obstruct the air flow flowing out from the air outlet 12. The center positions of the middle tone opening 41b and the high tone opening 41c are the same as those of the air outlet 12. The opening area of the middle tone opening 41b and the opening area of the treble opening 41c smaller than the opening area of the middle tone opening 41b are smaller than the opening area of the air outlet 12. Thereby, the air flow path R of the air flow flowing through the flute chamber 10 is changed by the corresponding midrange opening 41b and treble opening 41c, respectively. The flow rate of the air flow flowing through the flute chamber 10 is limited by the corresponding midrange opening 41b and treble opening 41c. This allows the keyboard harmonica 1 to produce sounds, and the sounds in the middle range SA2 and the high range SA3 become soft tones. On the other hand, since the bass opening portion 41a does not obstruct the air flow flowing out from the air outlet 12, the sound generated by the vibration of the reed 63 directly flows out, and the sound in the bass range SA1 becomes a tone color that does not give an impression of the impact force.

As a configuration for changing the air flow path R, it is conceivable to reduce the air outflow port 12 instead of reducing the opening 41 of the flap pad 40 as in the present embodiment. However, in the case of this structure, it is necessary to change the shape of the upper frame 5, which is costly compared to changing the shape of the valve pad 40. Changing the shape of the upper frame 5 requires a mold for molding the upper frame 5. On the other hand, in order to change the shape of the opening 41 of the flap pad 40, a punching die for punching the opening 41 is required, and the punching die is lower in cost than a die for molding the upper frame 5. Therefore, the keyboard harmonica 1 can be provided at low cost.

The basic structure of the keyboard harmonica 1 is the same as that of a conventional keyboard harmonica. Therefore, the conventional manufacturing equipment can be followed, and therefore the low-priced keyboard harmonica 1 can be provided. In addition, the structure is not complicated, the size is not increased, and the weight is not increased greatly, as in the basic structure of the conventional keyboard harmonica. There are cases where a player performs a performance while holding the keyboard harmonica 1. The load on the player can be prevented from increasing due to the weight of the keyboard harmonica 1 becoming heavy.

In the present embodiment, the case where the opening ratio of the opening 41 of the valve pad 40 is three is described, but as another embodiment, the opening ratio may be three or more. Further, for example, the value of the aperture ratio can be changed according to the preference of the player. The tone color differs depending on the value of the aperture ratio, and thus, for example, the value of the aperture ratio can be adjusted according to the pitch, whereby the tone color can be adjusted. As described above, various kinds of the valve mats 40 having various shapes of the opening 41 can be manufactured at low cost only by changing the cutting die.

Next, the effect of the keyboard harmonica 1 will be described with reference to fig. 5 and 6. The characteristics shown in "conventional" in fig. 5 and 6 represent sound pressure levels with respect to frequencies of sounds emitted from a keyboard harmonica of a conventional product. The characteristics shown by "example" in fig. 5 and 6 represent sound pressure levels with respect to the frequency of sound emitted from the keyboard harmonica 1 of the present embodiment. The conventional product is greatly different from the keyboard harmonica 1 in the following three points. The aperture ratio of the opening 41 in the keyboard harmonica 1 differs for each of the musical ranges, but the aperture ratio of the opening of the conventional product is the same as the aperture ratio of the bass opening 41a in all the musical ranges. The outer case 2 of the keyboard instrument 1 is made of a polylactic acid ABS resin, but the outer case of the conventional product is made of an ABS resin having a smaller specific gravity than the polylactic acid ABS resin. The sound absorbing pad 21 is attached to the outer case 2 of the keyboard harmonica 1, but the sound absorbing pad is not attached to the outer case of the conventional product.

Fig. 5 shows the result of emitting the sound a#5 included in the high-pitched sound range SA3 having the frequency 932 Hz. Here, arrow a indicates the frequency position of the pitch, i.e., 932Hz, and arrow b indicates the frequency position of the 10-fold tone. The keyboard harmonica 1 is smaller than the conventional products in terms of sound pressure level of the plowing, particularly, 10 plowing indicated by arrow b. This is thought to be caused by the fact that the air flow path R is changed by the flap pad 40, and the flow rate becomes small. In general, a sound containing a large number of times in addition to a fundamental tone is perceived as a plump sensation by a listener. However, if the sound pressure level in the high frequency range in the audible range is high, a sound that is so harsh as to be biting may be perceived. In the keyboard harmonica 1, since the sound pressure level in the high frequency region is low, it is considered that the sound is soft to the listener, and the unpleasant sound in the high frequency region is perceived to be alleviated. The soft sound is a sound expressed as a mild sound, a round sound, or the like.

The keyboard harmonica 1 is higher in sound pressure level of the fundamental tone indicated by an arrow a than in the conventional product. This is considered to be because the specific gravity of the material of the outer case 2 of the keyboard harmonica 1 is larger than that of the outer case of the conventional product. The rigidity of the outer casing 2 of the keyboard harmonica 1 becomes high, excessive vibration of the outer casing 2 is reduced, and the sound pressure level of the fundamental tone becomes high.

Further, although the keyboard harmonica 1 can produce sound only by the reed 63, the volume of the exhaust chamber 15, which is the space between the flap 33 and the outer case 2, affects the tone. Since the sound absorbing pad 21 is provided on the outer case 2 of the keyboard instrument 1, the volume of the exhaust chamber 15 of the keyboard instrument 1 is smaller than that of the conventional keyboard instrument. The sound absorbing pad 21 absorbs a part of the sound emitted from the reed 63. The difference in sound pressure level versus frequency of sound is perceived as a tone difference to a listener. The presence or absence of the sound absorbing pad 21 affects the difference in sound pressure level distribution between the conventional product shown in fig. 5 and the keyboard harmonica 1. Therefore, the conventional product and the keyboard harmonica 1 are different in tone color. In addition, the sound of the keyboard harmonica 1 is adjusted to a soft tone, which is complementary to the effect of the shape of the opening 41 of the flap pad 40.

Fig. 6 shows the result of emitting sound of B5 included in the high-pitch range SA3 with frequency 987 Hz. Here, arrow a indicates the frequency position of the fundamental tone at frequency 987Hz, and arrow b indicates the frequency position of the 9-fold tone. As in the case of a#5 shown in fig. 5, in particular, the keyboard harmonica 1 is smaller than the conventional products in terms of sound pressure level corresponding to 9 times of the sound indicated by the arrow b. The keyboard harmonica 1 is higher in sound pressure level of the fundamental tone indicated by an arrow a than in the conventional product. For the sound of B5, the tone becomes soft and the pitch clearly emanates.

Here, the keyboard harmonica 1 is an example of a keyboard musical instrument or an instrument, the keyboard 3 is an example of a keyboard, the flute chamber 10 is an example of a flute chamber, the air inlet 11 is an example of an air inlet, and the air outlet 12 is an example of an air outlet. Further, the reed 63 is an example of a reed, the flapper 33 is an example of a flapper, and the flapper cushion 40 is an example of a flapper cushion.

As described above, according to the embodiment described above, the following effects are achieved.

The opening ratio of the middle range SA2 and the high range SA3 of the valve pad 40 of the keyboard harmonica 1 is smaller than 1. That is, since the opening areas of the middle and high sound ranges SA2 and SA3 are smaller than the opening areas of the air outflow openings, the air flow path R is changed in the flute chambers 10 corresponding to the middle and high sound ranges SA2 and SA3 by blowing the air flow onto the valve pad 40, and the sound of the middle and high sound ranges SA2 and SA3 is adjusted to a soft tone. Further, by changing the shape of the opening 41 of the flap pad 40, the tone color can be adjusted without complicating the structure of the keyboard harmonica 1.

The opening ratio of the bass region SA1 of the flap pad 40 of the keyboard harmonica 1 is 1 or more. Thus, the sound of the bass region SA1 becomes a tone color without damaging the impact force. The keyboard harmonica 1 can make the tone colors different from each other in the bass region SA1, the midrange region SA2, and the treble region SA 3.

The aperture ratio of the opening 41 of the high-pitch range SA3 of the flap pad 40 of the keyboard harmonica 1 is smaller than the aperture ratio of the opening 41 of the middle-pitch range SA 2. This reduces the offensive high-frequency component according to the pitch frequency.

The flap pad 40 is made of rubber. Thereby, a part of the sound emitted from the reed 63 is absorbed, and the sound of the keyboard harmonica 1 is adjusted to a soft tone.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is obvious that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

For example, in the above description, the material of the outer case 2 is made of the polylactic acid ABS resin, and the upper frame 5 is made of the resin, but the present invention is not limited thereto. The material of the upper frame 5 may be, for example, a resin such as a polylactic acid ABS resin having high rigidity. As described above, the extra vibration can be reduced and the sound pressure level of the fundamental tone can be improved, as in the case of the outer case 2. The material of the outer case 2 is not limited to the polylactic acid ABS resin, but may be other resins, and particularly preferably a resin having high rigidity.

The materials of the flap pad 40 and the sound absorbing pad 21 are not limited to the above, and may be other soft materials. In the above description, the case where the aperture ratio of the valve pad 40 is smaller than 1 and thus the tone color is adjusted smoothly is described. In addition, the flap pad 40 is made of rubber sponge, and the flap pad 40 absorbs a part of the sound emitted from the reed 63 at a portion of the flap pad 40 located in the opening of the air outlet 12 without affecting the tone. Therefore, the material of the flap pad 40 can be made of a material having high sound absorption. Note that, the person who has blown in the water vapor exhales into the keyboard harmonica 1, and thus the inside of the outer case 2 is in a highly wet state. Accordingly, the material of the flap pad 40 and the sound absorbing pad 21 may have moisture resistance.

The case where the thickness of the flap pad 40 is approximately 1mm is described, but the thickness is not limited to this. The thickness may be about 0.5mm to 2 mm. The thickness of the sound absorbing pad 21 may be a thickness that does not interfere with the rotary flap 33.

The opening ratio of the opening 41 of the flap pad 40 is not limited to three, but may be two or less. The present invention is not limited to the case where one flap pad 40 is attached to the keyboard harmonica 1, and may be configured to attach a plurality of flap pads 40.

In the above embodiment, the keyboard harmonica is described as an application example, but the present invention is applicable to a keyboard instrument including a keyboard such as an accordion, for example, in addition to the keyboard harmonica. In addition to the keyboard musical instrument, the present invention can be applied to a musical instrument including a flute chamber, a reed, a flap, and a flap pad.

Description of the reference numerals

1. Keyboard harmonica;

3. a keyboard;

10. a flute chamber;

11. an air inflow port;

12. an air outflow port;

33. a valve;

40. a flap pad;

41. an opening portion;

63. a reed.

Claims (6)

1. A keyboard musical instrument is provided with:

a keyboard having a plurality of keys corresponding to a plurality of pitches;

a plurality of flute chambers corresponding to respective keys of the plurality of keys and having an air inflow port and an air outflow port;

a reed installed at the air inflow port;

a flap that opens and closes the air flow outlet, the flap being linked to each of the plurality of keys;

a flap pad which is attached to the air outflow port, has an opening through which air passes in an open state of the flap, and seals between the air outflow port and the flap in a closed state of the flap;

the opening area of the first opening, which is the opening of at least one flute chamber among the plurality of flute chambers, is smaller than the opening area of the air outflow opening,

the opening of at least one flute chamber of the plurality of flute chambers, that is, the opening of a second opening different from the first opening, has a smaller area than the opening of the first opening.

2. The keyboard musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein,

the pitch of the key corresponding to the second opening portion of the plurality of keys is higher than the pitch of the key corresponding to the first opening portion of the plurality of keys.

3. The keyboard musical instrument according to claim 1 or 2, wherein,

the opening area of the opening of at least one flute chamber among the plurality of flute chambers, that is, the third opening different from the first opening and the second opening is larger than the opening area of the air flow outlet.

4. A keyboard musical instrument according to claim 3, wherein,

the plurality of flute chambers respectively corresponding to the first opening portion and the second opening portion correspond to a higher range than the at least one flute chamber corresponding to the third opening portion.

5. The keyboard musical instrument according to any one of claims 1, 2, 4, wherein,

the valve pad is made of rubber.

6. A musical instrument is provided with:

a plurality of flute chambers having an air flow inlet and an air flow outlet;

a reed installed at the air inflow port;

a flap that opens and closes the air outflow port;

a flap pad which is attached to the air outflow port, has an opening through which air passes in an open state of the flap, and seals between the air outflow port and the flap in a closed state of the flap;

the opening of at least one flute chamber of the plurality of flute chambers, i.e., the opening area of the first opening, is smaller than the opening area of the air outflow opening

The opening of at least one flute chamber of the plurality of flute chambers, that is, the opening of a second opening different from the first opening, has a smaller area than the opening of the first opening.

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