CN110283988A - A kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current - Google Patents

A kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current Download PDF

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CN110283988A
CN110283988A CN201910593207.7A CN201910593207A CN110283988A CN 110283988 A CN110283988 A CN 110283988A CN 201910593207 A CN201910593207 A CN 201910593207A CN 110283988 A CN110283988 A CN 110283988A
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steel
cooling
treatment
constraint
electric
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赵宇光
潘栋
王艺橦
徐晓峰
张家陶
种雪颖
尹彭璐
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
    • C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium

Abstract

The steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current that the invention discloses a kind of, specially in additional constraint and control cooling under conditions of carries out Electric Pulse Treatment to steel.This method has the characteristics that short action time, fast response time, multifunctionality；For the steel of heterogeneity or different starting microstructures, the technical solution provided through the invention, the different treatment effects such as quenching, tempering, normalizing, annealing, solid solution and timeliness can be realized within the millisecond magnitude time, so that the intensity of steel, plasticity be made simultaneously or separately to be improved significantly.This method greatly improves processing and the treatment effeciency of steel material, can be applied to the fields such as the Strengthening and Toughening processing of steel material.

Description

A kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current
Technical field:
It is mainly a kind of based on pulse current the present invention relates to the Strengthening and Toughening process field of steel material, it is adding about Beam simultaneously controls the steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method carried out under cooling condition.
Background technique:
Steel material rely on its excellent mechanical property, be widely used in automobile, steamer key components and parts manufacture and The fields such as military project, aerospace.In recent years, the continuous development of industrial technology is safe to the service life of steel product, connection More stringent requirements are proposed for property, assembly reliability etc..Meanwhile the industrial model of streamlined yet proposes the processing of steel and processing The high request of high efficiency, short route is gone out.Traditional steel material Strengthening and Toughening processing technique has been subjected to long-term, a large amount of comprehensive Confirmatory experiment, the process system with more complete maturation, but process flow is very complicated, and treatment effeciency is not high；It is more crucial Be in traditional Strengthening and Toughening processing technology field, the intensity and toughness of steel can not often improve simultaneously, the effect generally yielded Fruit is only single reinforcing or toughening.Therefore, there is an urgent need to a kind of steel product ingredients that neither changes can sufficiently excavate steel again Performance potential, new method, the new technology that its obdurability can be improved simultaneously.
High energy transient electrical pulses processing technique in a very short period of time can input the huge thermo-electrically of energy-power coupled field Into steel, the non-micro- and sub- microscopic structure state for being same as normality processing can be induced, the treatment effeciency of steel is greatly improved. Currently, the technology is on the surface of the regulation of liquid metal solidification tissue, Electroplastic drawing, non-crystalline material nanosizing and material The fields such as remelting.However, using the technology to steel carry out monoblock type substantially activeness and quietness processing there are still technology sky It is white.Therefore, the tissue that steel are regulated and controled by thermo-electrically-power multi- scenarios method feature of pulse current, melts Electric Pulse Treatment technology The Strengthening and Toughening processing for entering all kinds of steel has great real value and meaning.
Summary of the invention:
Meaning of the present invention is to propose a kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current, can solve State the technology occurred in background and steel performance problem.
To realize that the purpose in background technique, the present invention provide following technology path:
(1) steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
(1a) smelts or buys the commercially available steel with certain specific composition.
(1b) obtains specific initial tissu state.
(2) Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
The both ends of (2a) steel are fixed on the electrode by way of additional constraint.
(2b) applies the arteries and veins of certain time length, current density, cycle-index and form to steel under conditions of controlling cooling Rush electric current.
It can be to the conventional process for carrying out certain technique with the steel in step (1b)；
Steel after Electric Pulse Treatment and conventional process can be carried out with tissue characterization and mechanical property (tensile property and hard Degree) detection；Tissue characterization includes facies analysis, microstructure observation and substructure observation etc..
Preferably, step (1) described steel can be 42CrMo steel, nominal composition (by mass percentage): carbon containing 0.42%, siliceous 0.25%, contain manganese 0.60%, contain chromium 0.99%, contain molybdenum 0.11%, phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.001%, Yu Weitie.
Preferably, step (1) described steel can be T250 steel, nominal composition (by mass percentage): nickeliferous 18.86%, contain chromium 0.37%, contain molybdenum 3.06%, titaniferous 1.60%, contain aluminium 0.11%, contain manganese 0.01%, siliceous 0.01%, contain Copper 0.02%, calcic 0.05%, contain zirconium 0.03%, phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.001%, remaining is iron.
Preferably, step (1) described steel can be DP600 steel, nominal composition (by mass percentage): carbon containing 0.07%, siliceous 0.20%, contain manganese 1.30%, contain aluminium 0.04%, phosphorous 0.015%, sulfur-bearing 0.001%, remaining is iron.
Preferably, step (1) described steel can be 25SiMn2MoV steel, nominal composition (by mass percentage): carbon containing 0.26%, siliceous 1.10%, contain manganese 2.20%, contain molybdenum 0.35%, contain vanadium 0.06%, phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.002%, Yu Weitie.
Preferably, step (1) described steel can be Metastable austenitic manganese steel, nominal composition (by mass percentage): contain Carbon 0.46%, siliceous 0.14%, contain manganese 0.78%, contain chromium 0.20%, nickeliferous 0.16%, phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.003%, Remaining is iron.
Preferably, before carrying out Electric Pulse Treatment to steel in step (2), steel need to be processed and grows into 50 millimeters, it is wide It is 10 millimeters, with a thickness of 2.5 millimeters of thin slice.
Preferably, in step (2a) additional constraint mode are as follows: pressure is applied to the upper surface and the lower surface at thin slice both ends and is answered The fixed constraint of power form.
Preferably, the size in step (2b) between two electrodes is 40 millimeters, and number of processes is primary.
Preferably, the current density of pulse current should be 10 in step (2b)7~108A/m2The order of magnitude；Single treatment duration It should be 102Millisecond magnitude；
Preferably, medium employed in step (2b) is water, oil or air.
Preferably, the soaking time of conventional process be 6 minutes, 2 hours or 3 hours, cooling medium be oil, water, liquid nitrogen or Air.
A kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current, is realized by the above method.At electric pulse used Managing device is a kind of current generating apparatus containing silicon-controlled current amplification circuit.
A kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current of the present invention, principle are as follows: utilize the coke of pulse current It has burning ears effect, electromigration effect and fast response time, the advantages that capacity usage ratio is high.In a very short period of time, largely there is certain drift The electron stream and atomic kernel high speed impact for moving speed, are brought rapidly up steel to a certain temperature, to improve treatment effeciency.It is such Heated at high speed will generate steel temperature rise and thermally expand asynchronous change, i.e. thermal expansion lags behind temperature rise, so that formation one instantaneous Thermal stress.Electric energy, thermal energy and strain energy are input in material by moment, are caused huge electricity, heat, power impact, are necessarily led Cause the change of steel microstructure.The nucleation rate and thinning microstructure of phase transformation can be improved in the input of electric energy, and instantaneous temperature can make steel Phase transition is just generated in a very short period of time, adds high stress for compressing and compacting tissue, electron wind impact can will also make dislocation Configuration changes.Based on the above principles, in additional constraint and under conditions of control cooling, may be used also by controlling electric pulse parameter Different treatment effects is realized so that steel obtain different obdurability matchings, meets different service conditions.
A kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current of the present invention, compared with traditional processing, have with Under beneficial effect and practicability:
(1) a kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current of the present invention, compared with traditional processing, electric arteries and veins The punching processing time, only millisecond magnitude, the work time piece period than condition of equivalent thickness shortened at least 750 times, substantially increased processing effect Rate.
(2) a kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current of the present invention can optimize the institutional framework of steel, Compared with traditional processing, the microstructures such as crystal grain, matrix or precipitated phase after Electric Pulse Treatment in steel are obtained significantly Refinement.
(3) a kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current of the present invention can avoid steel part core in conventional process It heats up behind portion, the problem of outer surface is first heated up.By carrying out monoblock type Electric Pulse Treatment to steel, the heating process of steel can be made It is more uniform.
(4) a kind of steel material Strengthening and Toughening new method based on pulse current of the present invention, compared with traditional processing, electric arteries and veins The intensity of steel is promoted simultaneously with plasticity after punching processing, and tensile property is substantially better than the steel of conventional process.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is techniqueflow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is Electric Pulse Treatment device and its internal ghyristor circuit schematic diagram in the present invention, and wherein electrode material is Cu- Zr alloy, current direction is parallel with the processing length direction of sample, and the design parameter of Electric Pulse Treatment is (when current density and processing Length can be set by the EPT Software in electronic computer, and equipment carries water cooling plant.In silicon-controlled current amplification circuit Primary source uses voltage 220V, and the alternating current of frequency 50HZ respectively turns above-mentioned alternating current by primary and secondary induction transformation coil Become safe voltage.Secondary circuit use multiply copper conductor with reduce resistance and electrode sections product it is relatively large, electrode material choosing Use copper zirconium alloy.The electrical parameter of discharge circuit can be by adjusting the quantity of iron core between primary and secondary grade coil or passing through triggering silicon Control the control of switch conduction angle.Electric discharge duration is controlled by the electronic computer with self-compiling program.Specific primary and secondary coil Parameter be listed in Table 1 below.
Fig. 3 is the starting microstructure of the different embodiments after step (1b) processing in the present invention: (a) figure is 42CrMo steel Initial tissu, be made of ferrite, sorbite, a small amount of carbide and upper bainite；(b) figure is the initial tissu of T250 steel, By ferrite, FeNi phase, FeNi3Phase, LAVES phase and annealing twin composition；(c) figure is the initial tissu of T250 steel, by lath Martensite composition；(d) figure is the initial tissu of 25SiMn2MoV steel, is made of ferrite and pearlite；(e) figure is rolling state The initial tissu of DP600 steel is made of ferrite and a small amount of martensite；(f) figure is the tissue of Metastable austenitic manganese steel, by Ovshinsky Body composition；
Fig. 4 is Microstructure characterization figure of the steel after conventional process and Electric Pulse Treatment in 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention.Figure 5 be Microstructure characterization figure of the steel after conventional process and Electric Pulse Treatment in 4-6 of the embodiment of the present invention.It can be seen that, with biography System processing is compared, and Electric Pulse Treatment promotes dissolving in for alloying element in the quick phase transition for realizing steel, change dislocation configuration, Control recrystallization and promotion matrix, crystal grain and the refinement of precipitated phase etc. have remarkable result.
Fig. 6 is stress strain curve of the steel after conventional process and Electric Pulse Treatment in embodiments different in the present invention, specifically Numerical value is listed in Table 2 below.It can be seen that, compared with conventional process, after Electric Pulse Treatment, (yield strength resists the mechanical property of steel Tensile strength and fracture elongation, hardness) it is improved significantly.Fig. 7 is the hardness column statistical chart of different embodiments, hatching solid Conventional process is represented, oblique line filling represents Electric Pulse Treatment.
Specific embodiment:
To make technical characteristic of the invention, character of innovation, effect and reaching target it can be readily appreciated that will be in conjunction with specific implementation Example, is further elaborated on the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Steel material structure refinement new method of one of the present embodiment based on pulse current, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
A. smelting has nominal composition (by mass percentage): carbon containing 0.42%, siliceous 0.25%, contain manganese 0.60%, contains Chromium 0.99%, contain molybdenum 0.11%, phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.001%, remaining be iron 42CrMo steel.
B. homogenize process is carried out, 3 hours is kept the temperature at 1200 DEG C, is then furnace-cooled to room temperature.
C. the 42CrMo steel numerical control electric spark cutting after homogenizing is machined to 120 millimeters long, 90 mm wides, The plate of 20 millimeters thicks.
D. 42CrMo steel board is kept the temperature 3 hours under 1200 DEG C of vacuum conditions, it is then cooling with the rate of 15 DEG C/min It is forged and pressed to 930 DEG C, and at 930 DEG C, is swaged into the square square billet having a size of 60 millimeters；Then with the rate of 25 DEG C/min It is cooled to 730 DEG C and keeps the temperature 1 hour；650 DEG C are cooled to the rate of 25 DEG C/min again and keeps the temperature 1 hour, are finally air-cooled to room Temperature.Journey processed above is considered as the pretreatment of 42CrMo steel.
Step 2: Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
A. pretreated 42CrMo steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 millimeters It is long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. the upper and lower surface at 42CrMo steel thin slice both ends is fixed between electrodes by the constraint that freedom degree is zero, electricity Interpolar is away from being 40 millimeters.
C. Electric Pulse Treatment, electric current are carried out to 42CrMo steel thin slice using the electrical pulse device containing silicon-controlled amplifying circuit Frequency is 50HZ, and current density is 6.82 × 107A/m2, handling duration is 480 milliseconds, and number of processes is primary, equipment electric discharge knot Carry out cooling to 42CrMo steel thin slice until temperature is down to room temperature immediately when beam, cooling medium is oil.
Step 3: pretreated steel are carried out with the prior heat treatment of certain technique；
A. pretreated 42CrMo steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 millimeters It is long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. prior heat treatment (quenching) is carried out to 42CrMo steel thin slice using resistance furnace, treatment temperature is 850 DEG C, when heat preservation A length of 6 minutes, carry out immediately cooling after processing until temperature is down to room temperature, cooling medium is oil.
Step 4: tissue characterization and mechanics properties testing are carried out to the steel after Electric Pulse Treatment and prior heat treatment；
A. with abrasive paper for metallograph, by treated, 42CrMo steel thin slice carries out grinding process, and grinding mesh number eventually is 2000 mesh；Then 42CrMo steel thin slice is polished to by surface using antiscuffing paste and is visible by naked eyes scratch；Finally use volume fraction for 4% bitter taste Sour alcoholic solution carries out room temperature corrosion to it, and a few drop dish detergents are about added in corrosion after ten minutes, shake, clean with alcohol rinse, Drying, observes its original austenite grain.
B. to treated, 42CrMo steel thin slice carries out room temperature tensile test, rate of extension 0.2mm/min；After processing 42CrMo steel thin slice carry out hardness test.
After Electric Pulse Treatment, 19.0 microns of original austenite grain from the tradition quenching treatment of 42CrMo steel are refined to 8.3 Micron, thinning effect are significant.Specific refinement mechanism are as follows: pulse current improves the nucleation rate of austenite in diffusion transformation, Only 480 milliseconds of handling duration and rapid oil is cold inhibits growing up for austenite.
The tensile strength of 42CrMo steel through tradition quenching treatment is 1820MPa, and fracture elongation 7.4%, hardness is 51.6HRC；And after Electric Pulse Treatment, tensile strength and fracture elongation are all improved, tensile strength 1998MPa, are prolonged Stretching rate is 8.9%, hardness 58.8HRC.The mechanism that hardness, intensity and plasticity are promoted simultaneously in the present embodiment is refined crystalline strengthening. Result of this example indicate that, by Electric Pulse Treatment, the intensity and plasticity of 42CrMo steel exist compared with tradition quenching treatment It is improved simultaneously in 480 milliseconds, illustrated to 42CrMo steel application additional constraint and controls cooling Electric Pulse Treatment technique province Shi Gaoxiao can replace original traditional quenching processing technology.
Embodiment 2:
Steel material structure refinement new method of one of the present embodiment based on pulse current, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
A. smelting has nominal composition (by mass percentage): nickeliferous 18.86%, contain chromium 0.37%, contains molybdenum 3.06%, Titaniferous 1.60%, contain aluminium 0.11%, contain manganese 0.01%, siliceous 0.01%, cupric 0.02%, calcic 0.05%, contain zirconium 0.03%, Phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.001%, remaining is the T250 steel of iron.
B. homogenize process is carried out, 3 hours is kept the temperature at 1200 DEG C, is then furnace-cooled to room temperature.This homogenize process can It is considered as pretreatment, the state after homogenize process is to be used as the original state of T250 steel in the embodiment.
Step 2: Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
A. pretreated T250 steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 millimeters It is long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. the upper and lower surface at T250 steel thin slice both ends is fixed between electrodes by the constraint that freedom degree is zero, electrode Spacing is 40 millimeters.
C. Electric Pulse Treatment, electric current frequency are carried out to T250 steel thin slice using the electrical pulse device containing silicon-controlled amplifying circuit Rate is 50HZ, and current density is 8.15 × 107A/m2, handling duration be 320 milliseconds, number of processes be it is primary, equipment discharge terminate When, carries out cooling until temperature is down to room temperature to T250 steel thin slice immediately, and cooling medium is water.
Step 3: pretreated steel are carried out with the prior heat treatment of certain technique；
A. pretreated T250 steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 millimeters It is long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. prior heat treatment (solid solution) is carried out to T250 steel thin slice using resistance furnace, treatment temperature is 820 DEG C, keeps the temperature duration It is 2 hours, carries out immediately cooling after processing until temperature is down to room temperature, cooling medium is water.
Step 4: tissue characterization and mechanics properties testing are carried out to the steel after Electric Pulse Treatment and prior heat treatment；
A. with abrasive paper for metallograph, by treated, T250 steel thin slice carries out grinding process, and grinding mesh number eventually is 2000 mesh；Then it adopts T250 steel thin slice is polished to surface with antiscuffing paste and is visible by naked eyes scratch；Finally use proportion for the dense sulphur of 1g potassium permanganate+3ml The mixed solution of acid+90ml deionized water carries out room temperature corrosion, to its original austenite after corrosion about 1 minute at 45 DEG C to it Crystal grain is observed.
B. with abrasive paper for metallograph, by treated, T250 steel thin slice carries out grinding process, and grinding mesh number eventually is 2000 mesh；Then it adopts T250 steel thin slice is polished to surface with antiscuffing paste and is visible by naked eyes scratch；X-ray photoelectron finally is carried out to T250 steel thin slice Energy spectrum analysis (XPS).
C. to treated, T250 steel thin slice carries out room temperature tensile test, rate of extension 0.2mm/min.After processing T250 steel thin slice carry out hardness test.
After Electric Pulse Treatment, 38.2 microns of original austenite grain from the tradition quenching treatment of T250 steel are refined to 14.8 Micron, thinning effect are significant.Specific refinement mechanism are as follows: pulse current improves the nucleation rate of austenite in diffusion transformation, Only 320 milliseconds of handling duration and rapid oil is cold inhibits growing up for austenite.
It is detected using XPS, LAVES phase dissolves in degree in assessment pretreatment state T250 steel.Form the main member of LAVES phase Be known as Mo and Ti, the peak strength of element is lower, illustrate element dissolve in matrix degree it is bigger.Testing result shows through electric arteries and veins After punching processing, the XPS peak strength of Mo and Ti element relatively pretreatment state is remarkably decreased, this shows that Electric Pulse Treatment promotes Alloying element dissolves in T250 steel, specific mechanism are as follows: the movement velocity of Mo and Ti atom is under the influence of electromigration effect Accelerated, dissolving in for alloying element is achieved that within only 320 milliseconds of the time.
The tensile strength of the T250 steel handled through traditional solution is 905MPa, and fracture elongation 15.8%, hardness is 26.5HRC；And after Electric Pulse Treatment, tensile strength and fracture elongation are all improved, tensile strength 1015MPa, are prolonged Stretching rate is 16.3%, hardness 30.6HRC.The mechanism that hardness, intensity and plasticity are promoted simultaneously in the present embodiment is refined crystalline strengthening And solution strengthening.Result of this example indicate that passing through Electric Pulse Treatment, the intensity of T250 steel compared with traditional solution processing It is improved simultaneously in 320 milliseconds with plasticity, illustrates to T250 steel application additional constraint and control cooling Electric Pulse Treatment Technique time-saving and efficiency can replace original traditional solution treatment process.
Embodiment 3:
Steel material structure refinement new method of one of the present embodiment based on pulse current, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
A. smelting has nominal composition (by mass percentage): nickeliferous 18.86%, contain chromium 0.37%, contains molybdenum 3.06%, Titaniferous 1.60%, contain aluminium 0.11%, contain manganese 0.01%, siliceous 0.01%, cupric 0.02%, calcic 0.05%, contain zirconium 0.03%, Phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.001%, remaining is the T250 steel of iron.
B. homogenize process is carried out, 3 hours is kept the temperature at 1200 DEG C, is then furnace-cooled to room temperature.
C. solution treatment being carried out to T250 steel plate using resistance furnace, solid solubility temperature is 820 DEG C, and soaking time is 2 hours, Water cooling immediately after processing.Journey processed above is considered as the pretreatment of T250 steel.
Step 2: Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
A. pretreated T250 steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, it is 50 millimeters long, The thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. the upper and lower surface at T250 steel thin slice both ends is fixed between electrodes by the constraint that freedom degree is zero, electrode Spacing is 40 millimeters.
C. Electric Pulse Treatment, electric current frequency are carried out to T250 steel thin slice using the electrical pulse device containing silicon-controlled amplifying circuit Rate is 50HZ, and current density is 3.40 × 108A/m2, handling duration be 280 milliseconds, number of processes be it is primary, equipment discharge terminate When, carries out cooling until temperature is down to room temperature to T250 steel thin slice immediately, and cooling medium is air.
Step 3: pretreated steel are carried out with the prior heat treatment of certain technique；
A. pretreated T250 steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 millimeters It is long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. prior heat treatment (timeliness) is carried out to T250 steel thin slice using resistance furnace, treatment temperature is 480 DEG C, keeps the temperature duration It is 3 hours, carries out immediately cooling after processing until temperature is down to room temperature, cooling medium is air.
Step 4: tissue characterization and mechanics properties testing are carried out to the steel after Electric Pulse Treatment and prior heat treatment；
A. with 600 mesh abrasive paper for metallograph, by treated, T250 steel thin slice carries out being polishing to 20 microns of thickness；Again with perforating press from The thin rounded flakes that diameter is 3 millimeters are gone out on the thin slice；Then at -20 DEG C, use volume fraction for 20% perchloric acid+wine Smart mixed solution carries out ion milling processing to thin rounded flakes, until the circle that diameter is about 0.2~0.4 millimeter occurs in the center point Hole；Finally, carrying out transmission electron microscope (TEM) analysis to thin slice.
B. with nc wire-cutting, from treated, T250 steel thin slice cuts the square that section side length is 0.5 millimeter, long The bar samples that degree is 30 millimeters；Volume fraction is used to be electrolysed for 25% perchloric acid+acetic acid solution to the bar samples Polishing treatment makes the end for immersing solution apicule occur；Then micro- electricity is carried out using 2% perchloric acid+butyl glycol ether solution Polishing treatment is solved, to guarantee the radius of curvature at final tip less than 100 nanometers；Three-dimensional atom probe finally is carried out to sample (APT) it analyzes.
C. to treated, T250 steel thin slice carries out room temperature tensile test, rate of extension 0.2mm/min.After processing T250 steel thin slice carry out hardness test.
After traditional aging is handled, the Ni that average-size is about 22.6 nanometers has been precipitated in the matrix of T250 steel3 (Ti, Mo) rodlike precipitated phase；And after Electric Pulse Treatment, it is about 3.4 nanometers that average-size has been precipitated in the matrix of T250 steel Ni3(Ti, Al) cluster；It can be seen that Electric Pulse Treatment has refined the size of precipitated phase, specific refinement mechanism are as follows: pulse current mentions The nucleation rate of precipitated phase, the processing of very short time inhibit precipitated phase to grow up in high diffusion transformation,
After traditional aging is handled, the dislocation configuration in the matrix of T250 steel is random entangled state；And it passes through And after Electric Pulse Treatment, the dislocation configuration in the matrix of T250 steel is more stable subgrain crystal boundary；After conventional process Dislocation configuration is compared, and the dislocation configuration after Electric Pulse Treatment has bigger mobile dislocation skidding distance；Specific dislocation configuration Change mechanism are as follows: under the action of electron wind impact force and electromigration effect, the movement (slide, climb and bury in oblivion) of dislocation is obtained Accelerate.
The tensile strength of the T250 steel handled through traditional aging is 1776MPa, and fracture elongation 12.2%, hardness is 48.7HRC；And after Electric Pulse Treatment, tensile strength and fracture elongation are all improved, tensile strength 1855MPa, are prolonged Stretching rate is 15.1%, hardness 49.2HRC.The mechanism that hardness and strength improve in the present embodiment is refinement (sieve difficult to understand of precipitated phase Ten thousand mechanism)；And the improvement of plasticity has benefited from the change of dislocation configuration, since the skidding distance of mobile dislocation after Electric Pulse Treatment becomes Greatly, the T250 steel after this will make Electric Pulse Treatment has bigger plastic deformation.Result of this example indicate that with traditional aging Processing is compared, and by Electric Pulse Treatment, the intensity and plasticity of T250 steel are improved simultaneously in 280 milliseconds, is illustrated to T250 Steel application additional constraint simultaneously controls cooling Electric Pulse Treatment technique time-saving and efficiency, original traditional aging can be replaced to handle work Skill.
Embodiment 4:
Steel material structure refinement new method of one of the present embodiment based on pulse current, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
A. smelting has nominal composition (by mass percentage): carbon containing 0.26%, siliceous 1.10%, contain manganese 2.20%, contains Molybdenum 0.35%, contain vanadium 0.06%, phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.002%, remaining be iron 25SiMn2MoV steel.
B. homogenize process is carried out, 3 hours is kept the temperature at 1200 DEG C, is then furnace-cooled to room temperature.
C. 25SiMn2MoV steel is pre-processed using resistance furnace, treatment temperature is 850 DEG C, and the processing time is 2 small When, room temperature is furnace-cooled to after processing immediately.
Step 2: Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
A. pretreated 25SiMn2MoV steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 Long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks of millimeter.
B. by the upper and lower surface at 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice both ends by the constraint that freedom degree is zero be fixed on two electrodes it Between, electrode spacing is 40 millimeters.
C. 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice is carried out at electric pulse using the electrical pulse device containing silicon-controlled amplifying circuit Reason, power frequency 50HZ, current density are 6.24 × 107A/m2, handling duration is 440 milliseconds, and number of processes is primary, if Carry out cooling to 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice until temperature is down to room temperature immediately at the end of standby electric discharge, cooling medium is water.
Step 3: pretreated steel are carried out with the prior heat treatment of certain technique；
A. pretreated 25SiMn2MoV steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 Long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks of millimeter.
B. prior heat treatment (quenching) is carried out to 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice using resistance furnace, treatment temperature is 850 DEG C, is protected Cooling is carried out immediately until temperature is down to room temperature a length of 6 minutes when warm, after processing, and cooling medium is water.
Step 4: tissue characterization and mechanics properties testing are carried out to the steel after Electric Pulse Treatment and prior heat treatment；
A. with abrasive paper for metallograph, by treated, 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice carries out grinding process, and grinding mesh number eventually is 2000 mesh； Then 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice is polished to by surface using antiscuffing paste and is visible by naked eyes scratch；Finally use volume fraction for 4% nital carries out room temperature corrosion to it, corrodes about 1 minute；After corrosion, 25SiMn2MoV steel is carried out Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis.
B. to treated, 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice carries out room temperature tensile test, rate of extension 0.2mm/min.To place 25SiMn2MoV steel thin slice after reason carries out hardness test.
After tradition quenching treatment, the Microstructural of 25SiMn2MoV steel is lath martensite, and width of sheet is about 0.33 micron；After Electric Pulse Treatment, the microscopic structure of 25SiMn2MoV steel also transitions into lath martensite, and width of sheet is about It is 0.12 micron；It can be seen that Electric Pulse Treatment makes 25SiMn2MoV steel be achieved that martensite turns within 440 milliseconds of time Become, and martensite lath is refined.Specific mechanism are as follows: by electromigration effect and the work of Electric Pulse Treatment thermal stress With the diffusion velocity of atom is accelerated, therefore can realize quick martensite transfor mation；And the refinement of martensite lath is attributed to pulse The inhibition that electric current grows up to the raising of diffusion transformation austenite nucleation rate and extremely short processing time to austenite before water cooling.
Through tradition quenching treatment 25SiMn2MoV steel tensile strength be 1580 MPa, fracture elongation 5.9%, firmly Degree is 54.2HRC；And after Electric Pulse Treatment, tensile strength and fracture elongation are all improved, and tensile strength is 1711MPa, elongation percentage 10.8%, hardness 62.1HRC.The mechanism that hardness, intensity and plasticity are promoted simultaneously in the present embodiment For refined crystalline strengthening.Result of this example indicate that passing through Electric Pulse Treatment, 25SiMn2MoV steel compared with tradition quenching treatment Intensity and plasticity improved simultaneously in 440 milliseconds, illustrate to 25SiMn2MoV steel application additional constraint and control cooling Electric Pulse Treatment technique time-saving and efficiency, original traditional quenching processing technology can be replaced.
Embodiment 5:
Steel material structure refinement new method of one of the present embodiment based on pulse current, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
A. smelting has nominal composition (by mass percentage): carbon containing 0.07%, siliceous 0.20%, contain manganese 1.30%, contains Aluminium 0.04%, phosphorous 0.015%, sulfur-bearing 0.001%, remaining is the DP600 steel of iron.
B. homogenize process is carried out, 3 hours is kept the temperature at 1200 DEG C, is then furnace-cooled to room temperature.
C. the DP600 steel after homogenize process is heated to 1150 DEG C, carries out hot rolling with hot tandem, controls finish to gauge temperature Degree is 880 DEG C, after finish to gauge, and DP600 steel is continued cool to 760 DEG C, 30min is kept the temperature, it is low to be then quickly cooled to 200 DEG C of progress Warm rolling is bent.
Step 2: Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
A. pretreated DP600 steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 millimeters It is long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. the upper and lower surface at DP600 steel thin slice both ends is fixed between electrodes by the constraint that freedom degree is zero, electricity Interpolar is away from being 40 millimeters.
C. Electric Pulse Treatment, electric current are carried out to DP600 steel thin slice using the electrical pulse device containing silicon-controlled amplifying circuit Frequency is 50HZ, and current density is 5.74 × 107A/m2, handling duration is 400 milliseconds, and number of processes is primary, equipment electric discharge knot Carry out cooling to DP600 steel thin slice until temperature is down to room temperature immediately when beam, cooling medium is water.
Step 3: pretreated steel are carried out with the prior heat treatment of certain technique；
A. pretreated DP600 steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, 50 millimeters It is long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.
B. prior heat treatment (quenching+recrystallization) being carried out to DP600 steel thin slice using resistance furnace, treatment temperature is 850 DEG C, Cooling is carried out immediately until temperature is down to room temperature a length of 6 minutes when heat preservation, after processing, and cooling medium is water.
Step 4: tissue characterization and mechanics properties testing are carried out to the steel after Electric Pulse Treatment and prior heat treatment；
A. with abrasive paper for metallograph, by treated, DP600 steel thin slice carries out grinding process, and grinding mesh number eventually is 2000 mesh；Then it adopts DP600 steel thin slice is polished to surface with antiscuffing paste and is visible by naked eyes scratch；Finally use volume fraction for 4% nitric acid alcohol Solution carries out room temperature corrosion to it, corrodes about 1 minute；After corrosion, microstructure observation is carried out to DP600 steel.
B. to treated, DP600 steel thin slice carries out room temperature tensile test, rate of extension 0.2mm/min.After processing DP600 steel thin slice carry out hardness test.
After Electric Pulse Treatment, 0.56 micron from conventional process (quenching+recrystallization) of the lath martensite width of DP600 steel It is refined to 0.15 micron.In addition, being also found in the DP600 steel of Electric Pulse Treatment around original austenite crystal prevention distribution more Tiny crystal grain.It can be seen that the crystal grain of DP600 steel is obviously refined after Electric Pulse Treatment.Specific refinement mechanism are as follows: arteries and veins The nucleation rate that electric current improves austenite in diffusion transformation is rushed, only 400 milliseconds of handling duration and rapid oil is cold inhibits Austria Family name's body is grown up, in addition, the input of electric energy provides driving force for the recrystallization of deformed grains, promotes recrystallization.
The tensile strength of DP600 steel through conventional process (quenching+recrystallization) is 1005 MPa, and fracture elongation is 7.9%, hardness 39.2HRC；And after Electric Pulse Treatment, tensile strength and fracture elongation are all improved, tensile strength For 1120MPa, elongation percentage 9.5%, hardness 38.9HRC.The mechanism that hardness, intensity and plasticity are promoted simultaneously in the present embodiment For refined crystalline strengthening.Result of this example indicate that passing through Electric Pulse Treatment, the intensity and modeling of DP600 steel compared with conventional process Property is improved simultaneously in 400 milliseconds, is illustrated to DP600 steel application additional constraint and is controlled cooling Electric Pulse Treatment technique Time-saving and efficiency can replace original conventional process (quenching+recrystallization) technique.
Embodiment 6:
Steel material structure refinement new method of one of the present embodiment based on pulse current, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
A. smelting has nominal composition (by mass percentage): carbon containing 0.46%, siliceous 0.14%, contain manganese 0.78%, contains Chromium 0.20%, nickeliferous 0.16%, phosphorous 0.003%, sulfur-bearing 0.003%, remaining is the Metastable austenitic manganese steel of iron.
B. homogenize process is carried out, 3 hours is kept the temperature at 1200 DEG C, is then furnace-cooled to room temperature.
C. Metastable austenitic manganese steel is pre-processed using resistance furnace, treatment temperature is 1000 DEG C, and the processing time is 2 Hour, after processing immediately water cooling to room temperature.
Step 2: Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
A. pretreated Metastable austenitic manganese steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, It is 50 millimeters long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks.；Then subzero treatment is carried out in liquid nitrogen, the processing time is 1 minute.
B. the upper and lower surface at Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice both ends is fixed on two electrodes by the constraint that freedom degree is zero Between, electrode spacing is 40 millimeters.
C. Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice is carried out at electric pulse using the electrical pulse device containing silicon-controlled amplifying circuit Reason, power frequency 50HZ, current density are 4.72 × 107A/m2, handling duration is 240 milliseconds, and number of processes is primary, if Carry out cooling to Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice until temperature is down to room temperature immediately at the end of standby electric discharge, cooling medium is water.
D. the Metastable austenitic manganese steel after Electric Pulse Treatment is subjected to subzero treatment in liquid nitrogen, handling duration about 1 minute.
Step 3: pretreated steel are carried out with the prior heat treatment of certain technique；
A. pretreated Metastable austenitic manganese steel is cut into size with numerical control electric spark cutting machine are as follows: 10 mm wides, It is 50 millimeters long, the thin slice of 2.5 millimeters thicks；Then subzero treatment is carried out in liquid nitrogen, the processing time is 1 minute.
B. prior heat treatment (quenching) is carried out to Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice using resistance furnace, treatment temperature 1000 DEG C, when heat preservation, is 6 minutes a length of, carries out immediately cooling after processing until temperature is down to room temperature, cooling medium is water.
C. the Metastable austenitic manganese steel after Electric Pulse Treatment is subjected to subzero treatment in liquid nitrogen, handling duration about 1 minute.
Step 4: tissue characterization and mechanics properties testing are carried out to the steel after Electric Pulse Treatment and prior heat treatment；
A. with abrasive paper for metallograph, by treated, Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice carries out grinding process, and grinding mesh number eventually is 2000 Mesh；Then Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice is polished to by surface using antiscuffing paste and is visible by naked eyes scratch；Finally using volume point Number carries out room temperature corrosion to it for 4% nital, corrodes about 1 minute；After corrosion, to Metastable austenitic manganese steel Carry out microstructure observation.
B. to treated, Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice carries out room temperature tensile test, rate of extension 0.2mm/min.It is right Treated, and Metastable austenitic manganese steel thin slice carries out hardness test.
After Electric Pulse Treatment, 3.11 microns from conventional process (quenching) of the lath martensite width of Metastable austenitic manganese steel It is refined to 0.28 micron.It can be seen that Electric Pulse Treatment can be such that the microscopic structure of Metastable austenitic manganese steel significantly refines.Specifically Refinement mechanism are as follows: the joule heating effect of Electric Pulse Treatment makes the temperature moment of Metastable austenitic manganese steel rise to austenitizing temperature, And due to the extremely short processing time, this process can be considered the reversals of austenite, which spreads without carbon atom, it is only necessary to brilliant Lattice recombinate (being changed into face-centered cubic by body-centered cubic)；And conventional process needs atom to spread in austenitization, so There will not be energy consumption to spread in Electric Pulse Treatment in atom, this will lead to austenite nucleation rate and improves, and very short time Processing inhibits it to grow up again, so final Electric Pulse Treatment significantly refines the microscopic structure for making Metastable austenitic manganese steel.
The tensile strength of Metastable austenitic manganese steel through conventional process (quenching) is 485 MPa, and fracture elongation is 4.9%, hardness 15.3HRC；And after Electric Pulse Treatment, tensile strength and fracture elongation are all improved, tensile strength For 652MPa, elongation percentage 9.8%, hardness 23.6HRC.The mechanism that hardness, intensity and plasticity are promoted simultaneously in the present embodiment For refined crystalline strengthening.Result of this example indicate that compared with conventional process, by Electric Pulse Treatment, Metastable austenitic manganese steel Intensity and plasticity are improved simultaneously in 240 milliseconds, are illustrated to Metastable austenitic manganese steel application additional constraint and are controlled cooling Electric Pulse Treatment technique time-saving and efficiency, original conventional process (quenching) technique can be replaced.
The present invention is not limited to above embodiments, on the basis of technique disclosed by the invention, those skilled in the art According to disclosed technology contents, the simple modification that some of technical characteristics can be made without creative work, Modification or equivalent variations, belong within the scope of technical solution of the present invention.
In the description of this specification, it may be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " Electric Pulse Treatment " is answered It is interpreted broadly, it is, for example, possible to use direct currents to be handled, and AC process can also be carried out, and can also use any wave The electric current of shape, frequency and current density is handled.For the ordinary skill in the art, can understand according to concrete condition The concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
The original state, Electric Pulse Treatment parameter, electrode spacing, fixed constraint and control cooling etc. in the present invention Term, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, can still do Several modifications and improvement out, these modifications and improvement still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Table 1
Table 2 (note: every kind of state at least selects 5 samples to carry out stretching detection)
Embodiment σ0.2(MPa) σUTS(MPa) εf(%) Hardness(HV/HRC)
1 tradition 936±5 1820±8 7.4±0.2 51.6±1.4HRC
1 electric pulse 1154±7 1998±6 8.9±0.1 58.8±1.1HRC
2 tradition 613±8 905±10 15.8±0.4 26.5±0.9HRC
2 electric pulses 807±16 1015±14 16.3±0.8 30.6±1.7HRC
3 tradition 1567±6 1776±9 12.2±1.1 48.7±0.4HRC
3 electric pulses 1700±12 1855±8 15.1±0.3 49.2±1.2HRC
4 tradition 1205±11 1580±8 5.9±0.3 54.2±0.4HRC
4 electric pulses 1412±3 1711±12 10.8±0.2 62.1±1.8HRC
5 tradition 617±13 1005±12 7.9±0.5 32.5±2.3HRC
5 electric pulses 725±9 1120±4 9.5±0.5 38.9±1.6HRC
6 tradition 296±9 485±7 4.9±0.2 15.3±0.5HRC
6 electric pulses 348±14 652±10 9.8±0.7 23.6±0.8HRC

Claims (8)

1. a kind of Strengthening and Toughening new method of the steel material based on pulse current, it is characterised in that:
This method is based on joule heating effect, electron wind shock effect, electromigration effect, electro plastic effect and magnetostrictive effect Deng cooperation additional constraint simultaneously controls cooling method, (comprising current density, duration, follows in the pulse current parameter for controlling certain Ring number and mode etc.) under conditions of, steel are applied to by electric-thermal-power three of coupling.Quick phase transition, crystal grain can be passed through Refinement, the size quickly dissolved in, control precipitated phase for promoting alloying element, size, form and distribution change dislocation configuration, control The mechanism such as system recrystallization realize the Strengthening and Toughening of steel.
2. a kind of Strengthening and Toughening new method of the steel material based on pulse current comprising the steps of:
(1) steel are obtained and are pre-processed；
(1a) smelts or buys the commercially available steel with certain specific composition.
(1b) obtains specific initial tissu state.
(2) Electric Pulse Treatment is carried out under certain cooling and constraint condition to pretreated steel；
The both ends of (2a) steel are fixed on the electrode by way of additional constraint.
(2b) applies the pulse electricity of certain time length, current density, cycle-index and form to steel under conditions of controlling cooling Stream.
3. according to claim 1, in electric-thermal-power of coupling three, electricity comprising electric current, transient state and steady-state field and The electric field derived by electric current and magnetic field etc., heat are Joule heat, and power includes thermal stress, transformation stress, magnetostrictive power, electron wind Impact force, additional constraint stress etc..
4. according to claim 1, used additional constraint form includes both ends without any constraint, once without one section of constraint There are constraint and both ends to constrain.The mode of constraint includes arbitrary pressure, drawing, torsion or the constraint of shear stress.
Select the appropriate type of cooling (cooling to be situated between after pulsed current annealing 5. according to claim 1, control cooling refers to Matter includes that Ru Shui, oil, liquid nitrogen, metal salt etc. arbitrarily can be used for cooling Single Medium or complex media) steel are carried out immediately It is cooling.
6. according to claim 1, used steel are any industrial steel, such as low-alloy steel, medium alloy steel and height Steel alloy etc.；The initial tissu of steel includes the microscopic structure of any form, can be martensite, austenite, ferrite, bayesian The homogeneous structures such as body, carbide, are also possible to two kinds or more of heterogeneous structure, and the tissue after can also be deformation process is such as cold It rolls, hot rolling, Equal Channel Angular Pressing, roll-in, drop stamping, plastic pulling etc..
7. according to claim 1, described in 2, in the pulse current parameter applied, current density is 102-109A/m2Quantity Grade, single treatment duration is between -1000 milliseconds of 10 microsecond, and number of processes is between 1 time -50 times.
8. step (2b) according to claim 2 if in pulse current number of processes be more than it is primary, endless form is single The processing mode at having time interval after secondary processing, interval time are at least the time required for steel cooling technique.
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CN110479785A (en) * 2019-09-30 2019-11-22 吉林大学 The Equal Channel Angular Pressing device and method of pulse current auxiliary
CN111549305A (en) * 2020-05-18 2020-08-18 中南大学 Strengthening and toughening method for magnesium alloy strip
CN111590076A (en) * 2020-06-01 2020-08-28 吉林大学 Electric pulse post-processing method and device for improving performance of metal component
CN113106239A (en) * 2021-04-02 2021-07-13 集美大学 Method for toughening heat affected zone of ultrahigh-strength steel
CN113186373A (en) * 2021-04-26 2021-07-30 东南大学 Preparation method of ultrahigh-strength ultrafine-grain steel plate
CN113388730A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-09-14 集美大学 Method for strengthening and toughening high-strength steel local area
CN113388730B (en) * 2021-05-11 2022-11-01 集美大学 Method for strengthening and toughening high-strength steel local area
CN113444871A (en) * 2021-07-21 2021-09-28 山西阳煤化工机械（集团）有限公司 Method for regulating and controlling strengthening and toughening of ferritic stainless steel based on high-frequency pulse current
CN114231719A (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-03-25 北京科技大学 Electric pulse treatment method for improving strength of high-carbon steel hot-rolled wire
CN114231719B (en) * 2021-12-14 2022-12-20 北京科技大学 Electric pulse treatment method for improving strength of high-carbon steel hot-rolled wire
CN115537505A (en) * 2022-11-18 2022-12-30 太原科技大学 Method for accelerating precipitation speed of copper-rich phase of copper-containing steel by electric pulse

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Application publication date: 20190927