CN103614649B - A kind of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel, belongs to metallurgical technology field, and composition is by weight percentage containing C 0.15 ~ 0.4%, N 0 ~ 0.12%, Si 0.2 ~ 2.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 3.0%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.02%, Cr 13.0 ~ 17.0%, Ni 0 ~ 5.0%, Mo 0 ~ 2.0%, V 0 ~ 0.3%, Nb 0 ~ 0.2%, Ti 0 ~ 0.05%, Al 0 ~ 0.8%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity; Preparation method is: (1) by set component melting molten steel, then is solidified by continuous caster or mold and made strand; (2) blank hot is rolled into hot rolling slab; (3) be heated to 950 ~ 1100 DEG C of insulation 0.5 ~ 2h, be then cooled to 25 ~ 200 DEG C, reheat to 350 ~ 500 DEG C of insulation 10 ~ 60min, air cooling is to room temperature.The retained austenite of disperse introduced by Martensite Stainless Steel prepared by method of the present invention in microstructure, increased substantially the strong plasticity level of obdurability of Martensite Stainless Steel.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, particularly a kind of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
As the first-selected steel grade under high-load corrosive environment, Martensite Stainless Steel is widely used in cutter, turbine blade, bearing, valve, structural part and wearing piece etc.Martensite Stainless Steel obtains the microstructure of (tempering) martensite+carbide usually through quenching-tempering; Although its obdurability can be controlled by change tempering temperature and time, but due to intensity and plasticity shifting, add the reason such as homogeneity of structure and temper brittleness, cause the plasticity of Martensite Stainless Steel and toughness always lower than the low alloy steel of same intensity rank; Further raising combination of strength and toughness is the current urgent problem of Martensite Stainless Steel industry.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above that existing Martensite Stainless Steel exists technically, the invention provides a kind of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel and preparation method thereof, in conventional martensitic stainless steel separately or compound add the alloy elements such as Ni, Si, Al, and optionally add the micro alloying elements such as Mo, N, Nb, V, Ti, control to introduce certain volume fractional and stable retained austenite in martensitic stucture by thermal treatment process, be prepared into high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel.
The composition of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel of the present invention is by weight percentage containing C 0.15 ~ 0.4%, N 0 ~ 0.12%, Si 0.2 ~ 2.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 3.0%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.02%, Cr 13.0 ~ 17.0%, Ni 0 ~ 5.0%, Mo 0 ~ 2.0%, V 0 ~ 0.3%, Nb 0 ~ 0.2%, Ti 0 ~ 0.05%, Al 0 ~ 0.8%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.
The yield strength of above-mentioned high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel is 650 ~ 1250MPa, and tensile strength is 1300 ~ 1800MPa, unit elongation 16 ~ 25%, the summer than v-notch ballistic work at 20 ~ 105J.
Above-mentioned high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel be organized as martensite and austenite, wherein austenitic volume fraction is 20 ~ 40%.
The preparation method of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel of the present invention carries out according to the following steps:
1, by set component melting molten steel, then solidified by continuous caster or mold and make strand; Its composition is by weight percentage containing C 0.15 ~ 0.4%, N 0 ~ 0.12%, Si 0.2 ~ 2.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 3.0%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.02%, Cr 13.0 ~ 17.0%, Ni 0 ~ 5.0%, Mo 0 ~ 2.0%, V 0 ~ 0.3%, Nb 0 ~ 0.2%, Ti 0 ~ 0.05%, Al 0 ~ 0.8%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
2, blank hot is rolled into hot rolling slab; Start rolling temperature during hot rolling is 1150 ± 50 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 850 ± 50 DEG C, and total reduction is 70 ~ 90%;
3, hot rolling slab is heated to 950 ~ 1100 DEG C of insulations 0.5 ~ 2h, then air cooling or oil cooling to 25 ~ 200 DEG C, reheat to 350 ~ 500 DEG C of insulation 10 ~ 60min, last air cooling, to room temperature, obtains high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel.
Above-mentioned oil cooling cools to the industrial quenching oil of employing.
Above-mentioned melting molten steel is melting under protective atmosphere condition, and protective atmosphere is argon gas or nitrogen.
In aforesaid method, when C in strand adds weight total content >=0.3% of N, carry out anneal after blank hot being rolled into slab, during annealing, Heating temperature is 850 ~ 900 DEG C, and insulation 1 ~ 2h, cool to 400 ~ 500 DEG C with the furnace, then air cooling is to room temperature, then carry out step 3.
In conventional martensitic stainless steel, retained austenite only containing≤5% in the quenching structure of middle Low Carbon Martensite Stainless Steel, the quenching structure of medium high carbon Martensite Stainless Steel is only had just to contain the retained austenite of >=10%, but these austenitic less stable, just can change martensite into when the temperature decreases; Martensite Stainless Steel prepared by method of the present invention introduces disperse and stable retained austenite in microstructure, has increased substantially the strong plasticity level of obdurability of Martensite Stainless Steel.
Method of the present invention by conventional martensitic stainless steel separately or compound add the elements such as Ni, Si, Al and to end (Mf) temperature improve stabilization of austenite to regulate martensitic transformation to start (Ms) temperature and martensitic transformation, and optionally add the elements such as Mo, N, Nb, V, Ti to improve intensity and corrosion resistance nature; As the weight content <0.3% of C and N, complete austenitizing is there is after controlling hot rolling slab heating, when weight content >=0.3% of C and N, after hot-work, carry out anneal, and heat in finished heat treatment time control and roll heating of plate blank incomplete austenitizing occurs; After heating austenitizing, controlled cooling model stops temperature between Ms and Mf temperature, obtains martensite and adds the tissue that residual austenite two-phase is master; The Carbide Precipitation in martensite is suppressed in intensification again subsequently and insulating process, promote that the carbon (nitrogen) in martensite spreads enrichment in austenite, carbon (nitrogen) content increase in austenite impels its stability to strengthen, and again martensitic transformation does not occur in process of cooling; Through the last microstructure obtaining martensite and add retained austenite of normalizing-tempering (or being called quenching-partition) process, give the combination of strength and toughness of this steel excellence and good corrosion resistance nature.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the optical microstructure figure of the high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope micro-organization chart (light field) of the high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 3 is the transmission electron microscope micro-organization chart (details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues) of the high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the optical microstructure figure of the high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel in the embodiment of the present invention 2;
Fig. 5 is the optical microstructure figure of the high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel in the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Embodiment
In the embodiment of the present invention, austenitic martensitic transformation starts the method for calculation of (Ms) temperature and is: Ms(DEG C)=539-430 × [C]-30 × [Mn]-12 × [Cr]-15 × [Ni]-7 × [Mo]-5.0 × [Si]; Wherein [C], [Mn], [Cr], [Ni], [Mo] and [Si] are respectively C, Mn, Cr, Ni, Mo and Si weight content in Martensite Stainless Steel; The method of calculation of temperature that martensitic transformation terminates (Mf) are: Mf(DEG C)=Ms-250; It should be noted that: in incomplete austenitizing state, austenitic composition is different from the original composition of steel, its Ms temperature can not calculate by the original composition of steel, to survey.
By method test yield strength, tensile strength and the unit elongation of GB GB/T 228-2002 in the embodiment of the present invention; The equipment adopted is the CMT5105 electronic universal tester that SANS company produces.
The summer is tested than v-notch ballistic work by the method for GB GB/T 229-1994 in the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
By set component melting molten steel under protective atmosphere, protective atmosphere is nitrogen; Solidified by mold again and make strand; Its composition contains C 0.15%, Si 0.2%, Mn 0.4%, S 0.012%, P 0.016%, Cr 13.0%, Ni 5.0%, Mo 2.0%, Nb 0.2%, V 0.3%, N 0.12% by weight percentage, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
Blank hot is rolled into the hot rolling slab that 15mm is thick, start rolling temperature is 1150 ± 50 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 850 ± 50 DEG C, and total reduction is 80%;
Hot rolling slab is heated to 950 DEG C of insulation 2h, then air cooling to 150 DEG C, reheat to 450 DEG C of insulation 10min, air cooling is to room temperature, obtain high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel, yield strength is 873MPa, and tensile strength is 1445MPa, unit elongation 22.0%, summer at 70J, is organized as martensite and austenite than v-notch ballistic work, and austenitic volume fraction is 27%; As shown in Figure 1, as shown in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 3, in Fig. 3, lighted portion is austenite to transmission electron microscope microstructure (details in a play not acted out on stage, but told through dialogues) to transmission electron microscope microstructure (light field), and darkness part is martensite in optical microstructure.
Embodiment 2
By set component melting molten steel under protective atmosphere, protective atmosphere is argon gas; Solidified by mold again and make strand; Its composition is by weight percentage containing C 0.28%, Si 2.5%, Mn 3.0%, S 0.008%, P 0.019%, Cr 13.0%, Al 0.8%, Mo 1.0%, Nb 0.2%, Ti 0.05%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
Blank hot is rolled into the hot rolling slab that 20mm is thick, start rolling temperature is 1150 ± 50 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 850 ± 50 DEG C, and total reduction is 80%;
Hot rolling slab is heated to 1050 DEG C of insulation 2h, then air cooling to 25 DEG C, reheat to 500 DEG C of insulation 60min, air cooling is to room temperature, obtain high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel, yield strength is 650MPa, and tensile strength is 1695MPa, unit elongation 25.0%, summer than v-notch ballistic work at 56J, be organized as martensite and austenite, austenitic volume fraction is 40%, and optical microstructure as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 3
By set component melting molten steel under protective atmosphere, protective atmosphere is argon gas; Strand is made again by continuous caster; Its composition is by weight percentage containing C 0.4%, Si 0.6%, Mn 0.4%, S 0.015%, P 0.013%, Cr 17.0%, Mo 1.0%, V 0.3%, Ni 2.8%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
Blank hot is rolled into the hot rolling slab that 25mm is thick, start rolling temperature is 1150 ± 50 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 850 ± 50 DEG C, and total reduction is 70%;
Because C in strand adds weight total content >=0.3% of N, after hot rolling, carry out anneal, be heated to 900 DEG C of insulation 2h during anneal, then cool to 500 DEG C with the furnace, then air cooling be to room temperature;
Hot rolling slab after anneal is heated to 1050 DEG C of insulation 0.5h, then industrial quenching oil is adopted to be cooled to 100 DEG C, reheat to 350 DEG C of insulation 20min that air cooling is to room temperature, obtain high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel, yield strength is 1250MPa, tensile strength is 1800MPa, unit elongation 16.6%, the summer at 20J, is organized as martensite and austenite than v-notch ballistic work, austenitic volume fraction is 26%, and optical microstructure as shown in Figure 5.
Embodiment 4
By set component melting molten steel under protective atmosphere, protective atmosphere is argon gas; Strand is made again by continuous caster; Its composition is by weight percentage containing C 0.22%, Si 0.9%, Mn 2.3%, S 0.015%, P 0.02%, Cr 14.1%, Ni 0.8%, Mo 0.9%, Nb 0.14%, Ti 0.05%, Al 0.36%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
Blank hot is rolled into the hot rolling slab that 15mm is thick, start rolling temperature is 1150 ± 50 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 850 ± 50 DEG C, and total reduction is 90%;
Hot rolling slab is heated to 1000 DEG C of insulation 1.5h, then air cooling to 200 DEG C, reheat to 500 DEG C insulation 20min after air cooling to room temperature, obtain high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel, yield strength is 750MPa, and tensile strength is 1300MPa, unit elongation 23.5%, summer at 105J, is organized as martensite and austenite than v-notch ballistic work, and austenitic volume fraction is 20%.
Embodiment 5
By set component melting molten steel under protective atmosphere, protective atmosphere is argon gas; Strand is made again by continuous caster; Its composition is by weight percentage containing C 0.34%, N 0.008%, Si 1.2%, Mn 1.5%, S 0.017%, P 0.02%, Cr 14.8%, Ni 1.8%, Nb 0.05%, Ti 0.05%, and surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
Blank hot is rolled into the thick hot rolling slab of 25mm, start rolling temperature is 1150 ± 50 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 850 ± 50 DEG C, and total reduction is 80%;
Because C in strand adds weight total content >=0.3% of N, carry out anneal after hot rolling, annealing heating temperature 850 DEG C, soaking time is 1h, and cool to 400 DEG C after anneal with the furnace, air cooling is to room temperature;
By anneal and air cooling to the hot rolling slab of room temperature is heated to 1100 DEG C of insulation 1.5h, then air cooling to 25 DEG C, reheat to 450 DEG C of insulation 20min, last air cooling, to room temperature, obtains high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel, yield strength is 695MPa, tensile strength is 1695MPa, unit elongation 23%, the summer than v-notch ballistic work at 39J, be organized as martensite and austenite, austenitic volume fraction is 36%.
Claims (2)
1. a preparation method for high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel, is characterized in that carrying out according to the following steps:
(1) by set component melting molten steel, then solidified by continuous caster or mold and make strand; Its composition is by weight percentage containing C 0.15 ~ 0.4%, N 0 ~ 0.12%, Si 0.2 ~ 2.5%, Mn 0.4 ~ 3.0%, S≤0.02%, P≤0.02%, Cr 13.0 ~ 17.0%, Ni 0 ~ 5.0%, Mo 0 ~ 2.0%, V 0 ~ 0.3%, Nb 0 ~ 0.2%, Ti 0 ~ 0.05%, Al 0 ~ 0.8%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
(2) blank hot is rolled into hot rolling slab; Start rolling temperature during hot rolling is 1150 ± 50 DEG C, and finishing temperature is 850 ± 50 DEG C, and total reduction is 70 ~ 90%;
(3) hot rolling slab is heated to 950 ~ 1100 DEG C of insulations 0.5 ~ 2h, then air cooling or oil cooling to 25 ~ 200 DEG C, reheat to 350 ~ 500 DEG C of insulation 10 ~ 60min, last air cooling, to room temperature, obtains high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel.
2. the preparation method of high-strong toughness high-strength plasticity Martensite Stainless Steel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that when C in strand adds weight total content >=0.3% of N, after blank hot being rolled into slab in step (2), carry out anneal, during annealing, Heating temperature is 850 ~ 900 DEG C, and insulation 1 ~ 2h, cools to 400 ~ 500 DEG C with the furnace, air cooling is to room temperature again, then carries out step (3).
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