CN110283116A - 一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂及制备与应用 - Google Patents

一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂及制备与应用 Download PDF

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CN110283116A
CN110283116A CN201910564471.8A CN201910564471A CN110283116A CN 110283116 A CN110283116 A CN 110283116A CN 201910564471 A CN201910564471 A CN 201910564471A CN 110283116 A CN110283116 A CN 110283116A
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hindered amine
light stabilizer
amine light
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毛丽娟
尹奇伟
陈刚波
王以菲
陈秀颖
丁轶凡
刘树柏
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SHAOXING RUIKANG BIOTECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种新型受阻胺光稳定剂及其制备方法和应用,通过调整所设计结构中脂肪烷基侧链长度可以产生与不同极性高分子材料高匹配性的光稳定剂;通过调整所设计结构中芳香取代基产生不同紫外光吸收范围的光吸收光稳定。本发明受阻胺光稳定剂匹配性可调整性以及光吸收光稳定性协同性能产品适宜各类高分子材料光降解保护。在本发明一种新型受阻胺光稳定剂的制备方法中包括如下步骤:将式1化合物溶于干燥溶剂中,在N2保护下加入缚酸剂,冰盐浴保持温度的条件下,在一定时间内内完成滴加式2化合物,搅拌得到式3化合物粗品。本发明提供了一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂,能够改善了以往受阻胺类光稳定剂匹配性和一些迁移的问题。

Description

一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂及制备与应用
技术领域
本发明涉及一种新型受阻胺光稳定剂及其制备方法与应用,属于新型与高分子材料匹配性高的光稳定剂及其合成领域。
背景技术
受阻胺类光稳定剂(Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer,简称HALS)是一种高效的抑制高分子材料光氧化降解的助剂,其光稳定效果是传统的吸收型光稳定剂的2-4倍。由于辅助基和取代基有多种不同类型,其品种呈现多样化。例如,功能化受阻胺是在受阻胺类光稳定剂中键合具有紫外吸收、抗热氧化、过氧化物分解等功能的基团,做到一剂多用。
常规的HALS产品如UV-3853,UV-770等由于其相对分子量较低,在应用过程中具有不耐抽提和易迁移等的缺点,尤其3853产品的熔点偏低,即使制成母粒在夏天使用时也亦发粘成砣,不利于大量加工操作和储存。而现市场上广泛使用的HALS类光稳定剂UV-944、UV-622、UV-3346等均属于具有较高分子量的聚合型产品。聚合型受阻胺类光稳定剂较高的分子量有利于解决耐抽提问题,但是分子量过高会导致HALS在聚合物中的迁移性过低,影响光稳定效果的发挥,同时对设备、温度、压力提出了更高的要求,增加生产成本。
目前市场上分子量适中又可一剂多用型的受阻胺光稳定剂还比较少,大多处在小试实验阶段,且产品的纯度不高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有市场产品结构性能等技术不足之处,提供一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂及其它们的制备方法。本发明中通过调整所设计结构中脂肪烷基侧链长度可以产生与不同极性高分子材料高匹配性的光稳定剂;通过调整所设计结构中芳香取代基产生不同紫外光吸收范围的光吸收光稳定,本发明所保护受阻胺光稳定剂匹配性可调整性以及光吸收光稳定性协同性能产品为不同高分子材料提供更加适宜的光降解保护。具体设计方案如下:
一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂,其结构式如下:
其中R=C3-C20的直链或有支链的烷烃,苯基或取代苯基或芳香基;n为自然数。
所述结构式中的n为1至25之间的自然数。
一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,合成路线为:
R=C3-C30的直链或支链烷烃,苯基或取代苯基或芳香基或取代芳香基;n=1至25之间的自然数。
一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,包括如下步骤:将式1化合物溶于干燥溶剂中,在N2保护下加入缚酸剂,冰盐浴保持温度的条件下,在一定时间内完成滴加式2化合物,搅拌得到式3化合物粗品。
所述干燥溶剂为DCM,DME,THF,AcOEt,甲苯,MTBE或丙酮中的一种或多种的混合物。
所述缚酸剂为NaOH,K2CO3,Na2CO3或NEt3或吡啶中的一种或多种的混合物。
所述冰盐浴保持温度在0℃至-15℃之间,所述一定时间为30-60min。
所述搅拌步骤具体步骤为:在0℃以下搅拌1-3小时,允许自然升温至室温继续搅拌6~18h。
所述式3化合物粗品经过过滤缚酸剂,减压浓缩溶剂,重结晶得式3化合物精品,产率为86-98%。
所述式1化合物,干燥溶剂,缚酸剂和式2化合物的当量比为:1:5:1-25:2。
所述R=C3-C25脂肪烷基时,该受阻胺类光稳定剂适合应用于极性不同的高分子材料(例如PP,PE,TPO,ABS,PS,PET,PBT等)中作为光稳定剂。
所述R=苯基或取代苯基或芳香基或取代芳香基时,该受阻胺类光稳定剂具有紫外光吸收和光稳定双重功能作用,紫外光吸收范围为200m-330nm,最宽吸收范围为200-390nm;该受阻胺类光稳定剂适于作为高分子材料具有抗黄变性能的光稳定光吸收剂协同工作的产品。
本发明一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂改善了以往受阻胺类光稳定剂的匹配性和一些迁移问题,同时改善了适于一些高分子的物理性能和利于加工与储存属性,同时增加的功能集团使受阻胺光稳定剂具有紫外吸收、抗热氧化功能,做到一剂多用,升级保护高分子材料功能,减少终端产品助剂的使用成本。本发明的合成方法操作简单,产率高,适合生产处这类特性结构的受阻胺产品
具体实施方式
实例1
将3.97g(10.06mmol)己二胺哌啶(式1化合物n为5的情况)溶于20ml干燥溶剂(DCM,或THF或乙酸乙酯或MTBE,或丙酮),加入21.12mmol缚酸剂(无水碳酸钾或NaOH或Na2CO3或NEt3),N2保护下冰盐浴温度降至-10℃,滴加2.82g苯甲酰氯(式2化合物R为-Ph的情况),约30min滴加完毕,零度下搅拌1h,允许自然升温至室温搅拌6h,过滤,40℃减压回收溶剂,重结晶得5.8g白色固体,收率:96%。
1H-NMR/CDCl3/400MHz:δ7.346~7.423ppm(t,J=5.1Hz,5H),3.150~3.343ppm(s,2H),4.026ppm(s,1H)
MS(ESI+):理论602.9;实测302.40,603.37,604.31,1205.00,1227.16,1229.12。
实例2
将3.97g(10.06mmol)己二胺哌啶溶(式1化合物n为5的情况)于20ml干燥溶剂(DME或THF或丙酮或乙酸乙酯或甲苯或MTBE),加入21.12mmol缚酸剂(无水NaOH或K2CO3或NEt3或吡啶或Na2CO3),N2保护下冰盐浴温度降至-10℃,在30分钟内完成3.25g邻氟苯甲酰氯(式2化合物R为的情况)的滴加,零度下搅拌1h,允许自然升温至室温搅拌10h,TLC跟踪反应直到反应完全时过滤,40℃减压回收溶剂,重结晶得6g类白色固体,收率:94%。1H-NMR/CDCl3/400MHz:δ7.37ppm(dd,J=13.3,5.9Hz,1H),7.34~7.28ppm(m,1H),7.20ppm(t,J=7.5Hz,1H),7.11ppm(t,J=8.8Hz,1H),δ3.86ppm(t,J=11.9Hz,1H),δ3.36ppm(d,J=54.4Hz,2H)
MS(ESI+):理论638.9;实测:320.39,639.54,1276.94。
实例3
将3.97g(10.06mmol)己二胺哌啶溶(式1化合物n为5的情况)于20ml干燥溶剂(MTBE或THF或DME或丙酮或乙酸乙酯),加入21.12mmol缚酸剂(NaCO3或K2CO3或NaOH),N2保护下冰盐浴温度降至-10℃,缓慢滴加3.5g对甲氧基苯甲酰氯(式2化合物R为的情况),约30min滴加完毕,零度下搅拌1h,允许自然升温至室温搅拌6-18hr,TLC跟踪反应直到反应完全时过滤,40℃减压回收溶剂,重结晶得白色固体6.5g,收率98%。
1H-NMR/CDCl3/400MHz:δ6.92ppm(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),3.83ppm(s,1H),3.32ppm(s,1H)
MS(ESI+):理论663.0;实测:332.48,663.63,1325.14,1347.57
实例4
将3.97g(10.06mmol)己二胺哌啶溶(式1化合物n为5的情况)于20ml干燥溶剂(THF或DME或丙酮或MTBE),加入21.12mmol缚酸剂(NEt3),N2保护下冰盐浴温度降至-10℃,缓慢滴加5.5g棕榈酰氯(式2化合物R为-C15H31的情况),约30min滴加完毕,零度下搅拌1h,允许自然升温至室温搅拌8-18hr,TLC跟踪反应直到完全时过滤,40℃减压回收溶剂,重结晶得白色固体8.6g,收率99%。
1H-NMR/CDCl3/400MHz:δ3.26ppm(s,1H),4.14ppm(s,1H),0.88ppm(t,J=6.8Hz,1H)
MS(ESI+):理论871.5;实测:436.77,437.55,871.78,873.59,1741.24,1763.61,1765.65。
实施例5-22
制备方法参考实施例1,进行实施例5-22,并将实施例5-22整理成下表1,表1为实施例5-22的实例结构及化学结构鉴定参数表征。
表1:实例5-22产品结构鉴定参数结果
实施23
将10mmol的1,4-丁二胺二哌啶胺(式1化合物n为3的情况)溶于20ml干燥溶剂(AcOEt或DME或甲苯或丙酮或THF)中,加入21mmol缚酸剂(吡啶或NEt3或K2CO3或Na2CO3),N2保护冰盐浴下缓慢滴加20mmol的十六碳脂肪酰氯(式2化合物R为C15的情况),约30min滴加完毕,零度下搅拌1h,允许自然升温至室温搅拌6-18,TLC跟踪反应直到反应完全时过滤,室温减压回收溶剂,重结晶得白色固体,收率95%。
实施例24
将10mmol的1,10-癸二胺二哌啶胺(式1化合物n为9的情况)于20ml干燥溶剂(丙酮或THF或DCM或MTBE或乙酸乙酯)中,加入21mmol缚酸剂(吡啶或NEt3或K2CO3或Na2CO3),N2保护下冰盐浴温度降至0℃至-15℃,缓慢滴加20mmol的十八脂肪酰氯(式2化合物R为15的情况),约60min滴加完毕,零度下搅拌3h,允许自然升温至室温搅拌10-18h,过滤,室温减压回收溶剂,重结晶得白色固体,收率96%。

Claims (10)

1.一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂,其特征在于,其结构式如下:;其中R=C3-C25的直链或有支链的烷烃,苯基或取代苯基或芳香基或取代芳基;;n为1 至 25之间的自然数。
2.一种如权利要求1所述新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于,合成路线为:
;R=C3-C27 的直链或支链烷烃,苯基或取代苯基或芳香基或取代芳香基;n=1 至 25之间的自然数。
3.如权利要求2所述的一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:将式1化合物溶于干燥溶剂中,在N2保护下加入缚酸剂,冰盐浴保持温度的条件下,在一定时间内内完成滴加式2化合物,搅拌得到式3化合物粗品。
4.如权利要求3所述的一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述干燥溶剂为DCM,DME,THF,AcOEt,甲苯,MTBE或丙酮中的一种或多种的混合物;所述缚酸剂为NaOH,K2CO3,Na2CO3或NEt3或吡啶中的一种或多种的混合物。
5.如权利要求3所述的一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述冰盐浴保持温度在0℃至 -15℃之间,所述一定时间为30-60min。
6.如权利要求3所述的一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述搅拌步骤具体步骤为:在0℃以下搅拌1-3小时,允许自然升温至室温继续搅拌6~18h。
7.如权利要求3所述的一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述式3化合物粗品经过过滤缚酸剂,减压浓缩溶剂,重结晶得式3化合物精品, 产率为86-98%。
8.如权利要求3所述的一种新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的制备方法,其特征在于:所述式1化合物,干燥溶剂,缚酸剂和式2化合物的当量比为:1:5:1-25:2。
9.一种如权利要求1所述的新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的应用,所述R=C3-C25脂肪烷基时,该受阻胺类光稳定剂适合应用于极性不同的高分子材料中作为光稳定剂。
10.一种如权利要求1所述的新型受阻胺类光稳定剂的应用,所述R=苯基或取代苯基或芳香基或取代芳香基时,该受阻胺类光稳定剂具有紫外光吸收和光稳定双重功能作用,紫外光吸收范围为200-390nm;该受阻胺类光稳定剂适于作为高分子材料具有抗黄变性能的光稳定光吸收剂协同工作的产品。
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