CN110280884B - Ultrasonic impact toughening joint with groove added with alloy powder - Google Patents
Ultrasonic impact toughening joint with groove added with alloy powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN110280884B CN110280884B CN201910686414.7A CN201910686414A CN110280884B CN 110280884 B CN110280884 B CN 110280884B CN 201910686414 A CN201910686414 A CN 201910686414A CN 110280884 B CN110280884 B CN 110280884B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/10—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/26—Auxiliary equipment
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic impact toughening joint with a groove added with alloy powder, belonging to the field of welding. Alloy powder with Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo as alloy elements is added at the groove, the raw material of each alloy element is pure metal powder with the purity of over 99 percent, the weight percentage of the pure metal powder is 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Mn, 0.09 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 1.0 to 1.5 percent of Ni, 0.06 to 0.08 percent of V, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of Mo, the balance is Fe, and the sum of all the components is 100 percent. The ultrasonic impact treatment method of the groove comprises the steps of firstly, preparing before ultrasonic impact treatment, polishing the groove, cleaning the groove with alcohol, and drying the groove with a blower after cleaning; covering a layer of the alloy powder with the thickness of 1.8-2mm on the surface of the groove; carrying out ultrasonic impact treatment on the groove preset with the alloy powder; subsequent welding may result in a toughened joint. The invention carries out preset toughening alloy powder and ultrasonic impact treatment on the groove before welding, can increase the content of alloy elements in the joint after welding, refines joint crystal grains, changes joint tissues and improves the toughness of the joint.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of welding, in particular to an ultrasonic impact toughening joint with a groove added with alloy powder.
Background
During welding, grains grow from the fusion zone towards the center of the weld. Particularly in thick plates or medium plates, the joints are thick columnar crystal structures due to the influence of large heat input and heat cycle, and the mechanical property is obviously reduced. In the process of welding medium and thick plates, because the heat input is large, the burning loss of alloy elements is serious, and the toughness of a joint is reduced.
Mn element can improve the metal strength of the welding seam, reduce the brittle transition temperature and have favorable influence on the toughness. Ni is one of the most needed alloy elements for improving the low-temperature notch toughness of the weld metal, and the improvement of the Ni content can ensure that the weld metal obtains better toughness under higher tensile strength. Ti is advantageous for improving plasticity and toughness. The grains are refined by hindering the growth of austenite grains. And is easy to combine with the N element at high temperature to form a difficultly soluble compound, thereby reducing the content of the N element. The V element can improve the yield point and the tensile strength of the weld metal. The impact toughness of the welded seam metal can be improved within a certain content range. The Mo element can improve the strength and hardness of the weld metal, refine crystal grains, prevent tempering brittleness and overheating tendency, improve the plasticity of the weld metal and reduce the tendency of generating cracks.
Ultrasonic impact is a common post-welding modification method, and a striker pin impacts the surface of a weld joint at a high speed to generate plastic deformation, introduce compressive stress and refine grains. The main processes of the prior ultrasonic impact treatment of the welding seam comprise: (1) and carrying out ultrasonic impact on the welded toe part after welding, reducing stress concentration of the welded toe and introducing compressive stress. The influence on the internal structure and the performance of the welding seam is small.
(2) The full-coverage ultrasonic impact is carried out on the surface of the welding seam, plastic deformation and compressive stress are generated, crystal grains on the surface of the welding seam are refined, the refining depth is limited, and the crystal grains in the welding seam are difficult to refine. (3) And carrying out ultrasonic impact treatment at a certain distance behind a weld pool along with welding ultrasonic impact treatment. The field construction is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ultrasonic impact toughening joint with a groove added with alloy powder, which solves the problems in the prior art. The invention increases the content of alloy elements in the welding seam, refines crystal grains, reduces columnar crystal growing from a fusion area to the center of the welding seam and improves the toughness of the welding seam. According to the invention, toughening alloy powder is preset in the groove before welding, the matrix is impacted at high speed by the ultrasonic impact needle, so that the toughening alloy powder enters the groove, and the ultrasonic impact treatment can refine grains of the groove, increase nucleation particles of a welding line, inhibit growth of columnar grains and achieve the purpose of refining joint grains.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
adding alloy powder into the groove to ultrasonically impact and toughen the joint, presetting toughened alloy powder in the groove before welding, impacting a matrix at high speed through an ultrasonic impact needle to enable the alloy powder to enter the groove, ultrasonically impacting and refining crystal grains of the groove, increasing nucleation particles of a welding line and inhibiting the growth of columnar crystals;
the alloy powder comprises raw materials of Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo, wherein the raw materials are respectively pure metal powder with the purity of more than 99%, and the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
Mn 0.4-0.5%；
Ti 0.09-0.1%；
Ni 1.0-1.5%；
V 0.06-0.08%；
Mo0.5-0.6%；
the balance being Fe;
the sum of the raw material components is 100 percent. The particle size of the raw material is 10 μm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for embedding toughening alloy powder into the inside of a groove by ultrasonic impact treatment, comprising the steps of:
step (1), carrying out preparation work before ultrasonic impact treatment, including grinding and cleaning of a groove;
fixing a sample to be welded, and ensuring that the groove is a horizontal plane;
step (3), covering the surface of the groove with toughening alloy powder with the thickness of about 1.8-2mm, wherein the toughening alloy powder is prepared from Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo, each raw material is pure metal powder with the purity of more than 99%, and the particle size is 10 mu m; the weight percentage of each raw material is 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 0.09-0.1% of Ti, 1.0-1.5% of Ni, 0.06-0.08% of V, 0.5-0.6% of Mo, the balance being Fe, and the sum of the components is 100%;
step (4), performing ultrasonic impact treatment on the groove covered with the toughening alloy powder; the ultrasonic impact frequency is 20KHz, and the ultrasonic impact strength is 10s/cm2The hardness of the impact needle head is not lower than 900HV, and the number of the impact needles is 3.
And (5) removing the toughening alloy powder which does not enter the matrix.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the ultrasonic impact treatment can refine groove grains and increase oxides. In the welding process, larger oxides and the like provide additional nucleation particles for the nucleation of the weld metal, so that the growth of columnar crystals is inhibited, and weld grains are refined.
(2) The invention refines the joint crystal grains, improves the internal structure of the joint, achieves the aim of increasing the content of the alloy elements of the joint by increasing the content of the toughening elements of the groove, and improves the impact toughness of the joint by more than 10 percent.
(3) The alloy elements entering the groove are tightly combined with the substrate, so that the alloy elements are prevented from falling off in the transportation or carrying process.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a groove ultrasonic impact process;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an impact head travel path;
FIG. 3 is a columnar grain structure grown on an untreated groove in a joint;
FIG. 4 is an isometric grain structure grown on an ultrasonically impacted alloy powder bevel in a joint of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The details of the present invention and its embodiments are further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the ultrasonic impact toughened joint with the groove added with the alloy powder is characterized in that the toughened alloy powder is preset in the groove before welding, the base body is impacted at high speed by an ultrasonic impact needle, so that the alloy powder enters the groove, the ultrasonic impact treatment refines crystal grains of the groove, nucleation particles of a welding line are increased, and the growth of columnar crystals is inhibited;
the alloy powder comprises raw materials of Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo, wherein the raw materials are respectively pure metal powder with the purity of more than 99%, and the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
Mn 0.4-0.5%；
Ti 0.09-0.1%；
Ni 1.0-1.5%；
V 0.06-0.08%；
Mo0.5-0.6%；
the balance being Fe;
the sum of the raw material components is 100 percent. The particle size of the raw material is 10 μm.
The invention provides a method for embedding toughening alloy powder into a groove through ultrasonic impact treatment, which comprises the following steps:
step (1), groove processing and treatment: and processing the groove according to the size of the welding process, polishing the groove by using an angle grinder or abrasive paper, cleaning the groove by using alcohol, and drying the groove by using a blower.
And (2) after the groove is machined, fixing the sample to be welded, ensuring that the groove is approximately a horizontal plane, and preventing the sample from moving and powder from spilling in the ultrasonic impact treatment process.
Step (3), covering the surface of the groove with toughening alloy powder with the thickness of about 1.8-2mm, wherein the toughening alloy powder is prepared from Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo, each raw material is pure metal powder with the purity of more than 99%, and the particle size is 10 mu m; the weight percentage of each raw material is 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 0.09-0.1% of Ti, 1.0-1.5% of Ni, 0.06-0.08% of V, 0.5-0.6% of Mo, the balance being Fe, and the sum of the components is 100%;
step (4), performing ultrasonic impact treatment on the groove covered with the toughening alloy powder, wherein the ultrasonic impact frequency is 20KHz, and the ultrasonic impact strength is 10s/cm2The hardness of the impact needle head is not lower than 900HV, and the number of the impact needles is 3. The circulation is carried out repeatedly, so that the alloying element powder can enter the inside of the groove.
And (5) removing the toughening alloy powder which does not enter the substrate notch in the ultrasonic impact treatment process.
The impact coverage is 100-300%.
The invention utilizes the ultrasonic impact treatment device to carry out ultrasonic impact treatment on the groove covered with the toughening alloy powder, so as to improve the content of alloy elements at the groove and refine the grains of the groove. In the welding process, the increase of groove defects and generated oxides are beneficial to forming additional nucleation particles, inhibiting the growth of columnar crystals and refining weld grains. The alloy elements of the groove are impacted by ultrasonic waves, so that the burning loss of the alloy elements in the welding process can be effectively compensated, the nucleation of the welding line is promoted, the welding line structure is improved, and the toughness of the welding line is improved.
Example (b):
the implementation prepares A, B two groups of plates to be welded, A, B two groups of welding samples are both 22mm thick X80 pipeline steel. And (3) processing a welding groove according to a welding process, wherein the angle of the groove is 55 degrees. The group A grooves are not subjected to powder presetting and ultrasonic impact treatment, the group B grooves are subjected to alloy powder presetting and ultrasonic impact treatment, and the ultrasonic impact process after the powder presetting of the grooves is shown in figure 1. A. And B, welding the two groups of samples under the same parameter, wherein the welding method is carbon dioxide gas shielded welding.
The first step is as follows: preparation of the groove: and (3) grinding, cleaning with alcohol and drying the grooves of the A, B two groups of samples to be welded.
The second step is that: the group B samples were fixed and the bevel face was kept approximately horizontal.
The third step: the surface of the groove is covered with alloy powder with the thickness of about 2mm, the alloy elements are Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo, the raw material of each alloy element is pure metal powder with the purity of over 99 percent, the weight percentage of the pure metal powder is 0.4 to 0.5 percent of Mn, 0.09 to 0.1 percent of Ti, 1.0 to 1.5 percent of Ni, 0.06 to 0.08 percent of V, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of Mo, the balance is Fe, and the sum of the components is 100 percent. The grain size of the alloy powder ingredient is 10 μm.
The fourth step: performing ultrasonic impact treatment on the groove covered with the alloy powder, wherein the ultrasonic impact frequency is 20KHz, and the ultrasonic impact strength is 10s/cm2The ultrasonic impact treatment is carried out under the dead weight basically. The cycle is repeated as shown in fig. 2 so that the alloying element powder can enter the inside of the bevel.
The fifth step: and removing the powder which does not enter the notch.
And (3) evaluating the effect: and respectively welding A, B two groups of samples by selecting proper welding process parameters. A, B two groups of samples are cut respectively to prepare metallographic samples. A Charpy notched impact specimen was prepared at the same position of A, B samples, and a Charpy impact test was conducted to analyze the effect of the present invention on toughness.
The internal structure of the group A sample joint is in the form of coarse columnar crystals, as shown in FIG. 3. After the groove is processed by pre-powder and ultrasonic impact, the internal structure of the B group sample joint is a fine isometric crystal structure, as shown in figure 4. As shown in table 1 and fig. 2, the groove was subjected to pre-powdering and ultrasonic impact treatment, and the joint impact energy was increased by 10%.
TABLE 1
| Weld specimen | Impact work (J) | Impact work (J) | Impact work (J) | Mean value (J) |
| Group A | 65.97 | 74.1 | 79.74 | 73.27 |
| Group B | 78.03 | 84.14 | 81.01 | 81.06 |
The above description is only a preferred example of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The ultrasonic impact toughening joint with the groove added with alloy powder is characterized in that: the toughened alloy powder is preset in the groove before welding, the base body is impacted at high speed through an ultrasonic impact needle, so that the alloy powder enters the inner part of the groove, the grains of the groove are refined through ultrasonic impact treatment, nucleation particles of a welding line are increased, and the growth of columnar crystals is inhibited;
the alloy powder comprises raw materials of Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo, wherein the raw materials are respectively pure metal powder with the purity of more than 99%, and the weight ratio of the raw materials is as follows:
Mn 0.4-0.5%；
Ti 0.09-0.1%；
Ni 1.0-1.5%；
V 0.06-0.08%；
Mo0.5-0.6%；
the balance being Fe;
the sum of the raw material components is 100 percent.
2. The ultrasonic impact toughened joint with alloy powder added to the groove according to claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the raw material is 10 μm.
3. A method for embedding toughening alloy powder into a groove through ultrasonic impact treatment is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step (1), carrying out preparation work before ultrasonic impact treatment, including grinding and cleaning of a groove;
fixing a sample to be welded, and ensuring that the groove is a horizontal plane;
step (3) covering the surface of the groove with toughening alloy powder with the thickness of 1.8-2mm, wherein the toughening alloy powder is prepared from Mn, Ti, Ni, V and Mo, each raw material is pure metal powder with the purity of more than 99%, and the particle size is 10 mu m; the weight percentage of each raw material is 0.4-0.5% of Mn, 0.09-0.1% of Ti, 1.0-1.5% of Ni, 0.06-0.08% of V, 0.5-0.6% of Mo, the balance being Fe, and the sum of the components is 100%;
step (4), performing ultrasonic impact treatment on the groove covered with the toughening alloy powder;
and (5) removing the toughening alloy powder which does not enter the matrix.
4. The method for inlaying the toughening alloy powder into the inside of the bevel by ultrasonic impact treatment according to claim 3, wherein: the ultrasonic impact of step (4)Treating with ultrasonic impact frequency of 20KHz and ultrasonic impact strength of 10s/cm2The hardness of the impact needle head is not lower than 900HV, and the number of the impact needles is 3.
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| JP4189201B2 (en) * | 2002-10-30 | 2008-12-03 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Method for improving toughness of heat-affected zone in steel welded joints |
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