CN110280857B - Electrolytic machining clamp and machining process for bidirectional inverted taper hole group of oil nozzle - Google Patents
Electrolytic machining clamp and machining process for bidirectional inverted taper hole group of oil nozzle Download PDFInfo
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- CN110280857B CN110280857B CN201910519392.5A CN201910519392A CN110280857B CN 110280857 B CN110280857 B CN 110280857B CN 201910519392 A CN201910519392 A CN 201910519392A CN 110280857 B CN110280857 B CN 110280857B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H11/00—Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H7/00—Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
- B23H7/02—Wire-cutting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H9/00—Machining specially adapted for treating particular metal objects or for obtaining special effects or results on metal objects
- B23H9/14—Making holes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrolytic machining clamp of a bidirectional inverted taper hole group of an oil nozzle, which comprises a first positioning part and a second positioning part, wherein the first positioning part comprises a spindle connecting rod and a cylindrical cathode positioning block which are arranged up and down and are mutually compressed and fixed, the cathode positioning block is provided with a cathode positioning hole in the vertical direction and a side threaded hole communicated with the cathode positioning hole for positioning a cathode, the second positioning part comprises a workpiece positioning block, a workpiece clamping block and a base, the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block are mutually fixed to form an assembly, the machining of the bidirectional inverted taper hole can be completed in a mode of turning 180 degrees around a horizontal axis, the investment of equipment is saved by using the machining process of the clamp, the time for installing and positioning again is saved, and the production efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electrolytic machining clamp for inverted taper holes and a machining process thereof, in particular to an electrolytic machining clamp for a bidirectional inverted taper hole group of an oil nozzle and a machining process thereof.
Background
As a core component of a fuel injection system of an engine, the processing quality of a spray hole of an oil nozzle directly influences the dynamic property, the economical efficiency and the emission index of the engine. The quality of the surface of the spray hole is one of the important factors influencing the quality of the fuel injection nozzle, and the quality not only influences the flow of the spray hole, but also influences the spray shape of fuel, and further influences the distribution condition of the fuel in a combustion chamber.
Nozzle hole forming methods such as machining, extrusion, electric discharge machining, laser machining, and electrolytic machining have been developed. The mechanical processing method has the problems that a cutter is easy to break, residual stress exists, the processing cost is high and the like; the energy consumption of extrusion forming processing is high, the equipment is large, and the die loss is high; the electric spark machining has the defects of machining efficiency and machining surface quality, electrode loss exists in the machining process, and the machining cost is high. The surface of a workpiece after laser processing is easy to have serious deterioration layers and microcracks, the processing size precision, the repetition precision and the surface roughness of the workpiece are difficult to ensure, and only tapered holes with limited taper can be processed.
The electrolytic machining is a special machining method for machining and forming a workpiece by utilizing the principle that metal generates electrochemical anode dissolution in electrolyte, is not influenced by the cutting performance of materials, has no surface defects such as residual stress, recasting layers and the like, has high surface quality, does not generate any loss on tools, keeps the geometric shape and the size unchanged, and can be used for a long time; the anode is formed based on the equal-gap principle in the electrolytic machining process, and tapered holes with various tapers can be machined according to the design requirements of parts, so that the electrolytic machining has a good application prospect in the machining of bidirectional inverted taper holes of batch oil nozzles.
When the bidirectional inverted taper hole is processed by electrolysis, a unidirectional and bidirectional feeding method is usually adopted. However, the bidirectional feeding method is mostly used for double-head horizontal electrolytic machining tools, and has large equipment investment and high production cost. In addition, the oil sprayer is mostly the batch production product, consequently need develop one set and can satisfy the two-way back taper hole processing requirement of oil sprayer, can satisfy the electrolytic machining anchor clamps that batch production required again, and the work piece quantity that requires to use this anchor clamps once to process simultaneously is nimble, can adapt to different batch requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide an electrolytic machining clamp of a bidirectional inverted taper hole group of an oil nozzle, which has high machining efficiency and can reduce the equipment investment cost; the invention also aims to provide an electrolytic machining process for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle by using the machining clamp.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to an electrolytic machining clamp of a bidirectional inverted taper hole group of an oil nozzle, which comprises a first positioning part and a second positioning part, wherein the first positioning part comprises a main shaft connecting rod and a cylindrical cathode positioning block which are arranged up and down and are mutually pressed and fixed, the cathode positioning block is provided with at least one cathode positioning hole in the vertical direction, the cathode positioning hole is provided with side threaded holes with the same number, one cathode positioning hole is communicated with one side threaded hole, the second positioning part comprises a workpiece positioning block, a workpiece clamping block and a base which are arranged up, middle and down and are cylindrical, the upper surface of the workpiece positioning block is provided with an annular boss A, the inner ring position range of the boss A is internally provided with at least one workpiece positioning hole in the vertical direction, the upper surface of the workpiece clamping block is provided with an annular boss B with the same number as the workpiece positioning block, and the inner ring position range of, the inner diameter of the liquid guide hole is larger than the maximum outer diameter of the cathode and smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the workpiece, the workpiece positioning block is installed in a matched mode with the workpiece, the lower surface of the workpiece positioning block and the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block jointly press the workpiece and are fixed to each other, the base is provided with a circular groove, and the boss B is matched with the groove shaft hole and is fixed in a positioned mode.
Furthermore, the first positioning portion further comprises an insulating cover, the insulating cover surrounds the cathode positioning block and is fixedly mounted with the spindle connecting rod, and an avoiding hole is formed in the position of the cathode positioning hole.
Furthermore, the electrolytic machining clamp of the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle further comprises a back pressure cover, the upper end of the back pressure cover is fixed with the insulating cover in a sealing mode, the lower end of the back pressure cover is fixed with the base in a sealing mode, a liquid inlet is formed in the side face of the base and communicated with the groove, a liquid outlet is formed in the side face of the back pressure cover, and liquid guide holes are formed in the workpiece clamping block and the workpiece center respectively.
Furthermore, the spindle connecting rod and the insulating cover are fixed through screws, the insulating cover and the back pressure cover are sealed through an O-shaped sealing ring, and the back pressure cover and the base are sealed through the O-shaped sealing ring.
Furthermore, the cross section of the cathode positioning hole is V-shaped, and the opening faces the direction of the threaded hole, so that the cathode can be positioned in the vertical direction conveniently.
Furthermore, the spindle connecting rod and the cathode positioning block are respectively provided with a threaded hole and are fixed through screws, the workpiece clamping block and the workpiece positioning block are respectively provided with a positioning pin hole which is matched with each other at a position close to the edge, are respectively provided with threaded holes which are matched with each other at the same time and are fastened through countersunk screws, the workpiece positioning block and the cathode positioning block are respectively provided with a positioning pin hole which is matched with each other, and are positioned through a positioning pin, and the workpiece positioning block and the base are respectively provided with a positioning pin hole which is matched with each other and are positioned through a positioning pin.
Furthermore, the number of the positioning pin holes on the cathode positioning block is two, the two positioning pin holes are distributed in a central symmetry manner, the number of the positioning pin holes on the base is two, the two positioning pin holes on the workpiece positioning block are distributed in a central symmetry manner, the two positioning pin holes distributed in a central symmetry manner and the positioning pin holes on the cathode positioning block are distributed correspondingly, and the other two positioning pin holes and the positioning pin holes on the base are distributed correspondingly.
Furthermore, the number of the cathode positioning holes on the cathode positioning block is two, the cathode positioning blocks are distributed in an angle of 180 degrees by taking the vertical central shaft of the cathode positioning block as a reference, and the two workpiece positioning holes of the workpiece positioning blocks are distributed correspondingly to the cathode positioning holes, so that two oil nozzle bidirectional inverted taper holes can be machined simultaneously.
Furthermore, the number of the cathode positioning holes on the cathode positioning block is three, the cathode positioning blocks are uniformly distributed in an angle of 120 degrees by taking the vertical central shaft of the cathode positioning block as a reference, and the three workpiece positioning holes of the workpiece positioning block are distributed correspondingly to the cathode positioning holes, so that three oil nozzle bidirectional inverted taper holes can be machined simultaneously.
Furthermore, a positioning V-shaped groove on the cathode positioning block and a workpiece positioning hole on the workpiece positioning block are machined by a numerical control wire cut electrical discharge machine, the dimensional tolerance of the workpiece positioning hole is within 0.01mm, the perpendicularity tolerance of the inner wall and the lower surface of the inner wall is less than 0.03mm, and the cylindricity tolerance is less than 0.01 mm; the verticality tolerance of the positioning V-shaped groove and the bottom surface of the positioning V-shaped groove is within 0.03 mm; the cathode positioning block, the workpiece clamping block, the base and other appearances of the workpiece positioning block are processed by a precise numerical control milling machine, the flatness tolerance of the lower surface of the cathode positioning block is within 0.02mm, the parallelism tolerance of the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block and the upper surface of the workpiece clamping block is within 0.02mm, the flatness tolerance of the lower surface of the workpiece positioning block and the upper surface of the workpiece positioning block is within 0.02mm, the flatness tolerance is within 0.03mm, the verticality tolerance of the boss A of the workpiece positioning block and the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block, the verticality tolerance of the boss B of the workpiece clamping block and the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block and the verticality tolerance of the groove of the base and the upper surface of the workpiece positioning block are within 0.03mm, and the respective cylindricity tolerances are within.
Further, the spindle connecting rod, the back pressure cover, the base, the workpiece clamping block, the workpiece positioning block, the cathode A, the cathode positioning block and the cathode B are made of 304 stainless steel materials, and the insulating cover is made of POM acetal copolymer materials.
A process method for carrying out electrochemical machining on the oil nozzle by using the electrochemical machining clamp of the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle comprises the following steps:
(A1) the main shaft connecting rod is fixed with the cathode positioning block through screws, the cathode A is embedded in the V-shaped groove-shaped cathode positioning hole of the cathode positioning block and is screwed into the side threaded hole communicated with the cathode positioning block through screws to be pressed tightly, and the assembly of the cathode clamping part is completed;
(A2) inserting the pointed end of the workpiece into the workpiece positioning hole from the lower surface of the workpiece positioning block for positioning, then pressing the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block against the other end of the workpiece, positioning the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block through a bolt, and finally screwing the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block into threaded holes of the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block through a countersunk head screw for locking; positioning a workpiece positioning block and a base bolt; the back pressure cover and the base are fixed through screws to complete the assembly of the workpiece clamping part;
(A3) positioning the workpiece positioning block and the cathode positioning block through a plug pin to align the cathode A with the workpiece, then removing all pins, sleeving the insulating cover on the cathode positioning block, connecting and fixing two ends of the insulating cover with the spindle connecting rod screws, sleeving the part of the cathode A, which exceeds the insulating cover, except for the processing blade, and sleeving the rest part of the cathode A with a heat-shrinkable tube to complete the assembly of the first stage;
(A4) a liquid inlet on the side surface of the base is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid outlet on the side wall of the back pressure cover is connected with a liquid outlet pipe;
(A5) connecting the workpiece with the anode of a power supply, and connecting the cathode A with the cathode of the power supply;
(A6) setting electrolytic machining parameters, introducing electrolyte, starting machining, feeding a cathode in the vertical direction, and enabling a workpiece to be locally dissolved under the electrolytic action to finish first-stage machining;
(A7) the workpiece positioning block, the workpiece and the workpiece clamping block are kept in an assembly relation, turned 180 degrees around a horizontal axis, and a boss A of the workpiece positioning block and a groove of the base are installed in a shaft hole and are positioned through a bolt; detaching the insulating cover, installing the cathode B, reinstalling the insulating cover, sleeving the rest part of the cathode B, which exceeds the insulating cover, except the processing blade by using a heat-shrinkable tube, and finishing the assembly of the second stage;
(A8) and (3) setting electrochemical machining parameters, introducing electrolyte, starting machining, feeding the cathode along the vertical direction, enabling the workpiece to be locally dissolved under the electrolytic action, finishing the second-stage machining, and finally machining the bidirectional inverted taper hole.
Has the advantages that: the electrolytic machining clamp for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle provided by the invention is used for machining different quantities of workpieces by changing the arrangement mode of the workpiece positioning holes, the liquid guide holes and the V-shaped cathode positioning holes, so that the purpose of machining the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle is realized, the machining efficiency is improved, and the batch production is realized; the purpose of processing the bidirectional inverted taper hole of the oil nozzle on the single-shaft electrolytic processing machine tool is realized by turning the upper and lower position relation of the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block, the equipment investment is favorably reduced, and the clamp has a simple structure and is convenient to operate; the wire cut electrical discharge machining technology is adopted to machine positioning holes and positioning V-shaped grooves, the sizes and the position accuracies of the holes and the grooves are good, the positioning accuracy of the clamp is higher, and the concentricity error of the machined bidirectional inverted taper holes is within +/-0.02 mm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first stage of assembly of an electrochemical machining fixture for a bi-directional inverted taper hole group of an oil nozzle according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a second stage of assembly of the electrochemical machining fixture for the bi-directional inverted taper hole group of the fuel injector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a base;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the assembly of the workpiece locating block, the workpiece and the workpiece clamping block;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the workpiece positioning holes, the drain holes and the cathode positioning holes when the number of groups is one;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the workpiece positioning holes, the drain holes and the cathode positioning holes when the number of the groups is two;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of the workpiece positioning holes, the liquid guiding holes and the cathode positioning holes when the number of the groups is three.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the electrolytic machining fixture for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle in this embodiment includes a first positioning portion, a second positioning portion, and a back pressure cover 3, where the first positioning portion includes a spindle connecting rod 1, a cylindrical cathode positioning block 9, and an insulating cover 2, the spindle of the cathode positioning block 9 is provided with a cathode positioning hole 19 in a vertical direction, and a side surface threaded hole communicated with the cathode positioning hole is formed in a side surface of the cylinder, and a cross section of the cathode positioning hole is V-shaped, and an opening of the cathode positioning hole faces a direction of the threaded hole, so that the cathode is positioned in the vertical direction. After the cathode electrode A8 is inserted into the cathode positioning hole, a screw is screwed into the threaded hole on the side surface to fix the cathode electrode, two ends of the insulating cover 2 are fixed with the spindle connecting rod by the screw, the middle part surrounds the cathode positioning block, and the insulating cover is provided with an avoiding hole at the cathode positioning hole.
The second positioning part comprises a workpiece positioning block 7, a workpiece clamping block 5 and a base 4 which are arranged in an upper, middle and lower mode and are all cylindrical, an annular boss A17 is arranged on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning block 7, a workpiece positioning hole 14 in the vertical direction is formed in the center position of an inner ring of the boss A17, an annular boss B13 identical to the workpiece positioning block 7 is arranged on the upper surface of the workpiece clamping block 6, a liquid guide hole 22 is formed in the center position of the inner ring of the boss B13, the inner diameter of the liquid guide hole 22 is larger than the maximum outer diameter of a cathode electrode and smaller than the maximum outer diameter of a workpiece, the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece are installed in a matched mode, the lower surface of the workpiece positioning block and the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block are pressed against the workpiece and fixed with each other, a circular groove 21 is formed in the; the upper end of the back pressure cover 3 is fixed with the insulating cover in a sealing mode through an O-shaped sealing ring 10, the lower end of the back pressure cover is fixed with the base in a sealing mode through the O-shaped sealing ring 10, a liquid inlet is formed in the side face of the base and communicated with the groove, a liquid outlet is formed in the side face of the back pressure cover 3, and liquid guide holes are formed in the center positions of the workpiece clamping block 6 and the workpiece 5 respectively.
The processing requirements of the above workpieces are as follows: a positioning V-shaped groove on the cathode positioning block and a workpiece positioning hole on the workpiece positioning block are machined by using a numerical control wire cut electrical discharge machining tool, the dimensional tolerance of the workpiece positioning hole is within 0.01mm, the perpendicularity tolerance of the inner wall and the lower surface of the inner wall is less than 0.03mm, and the cylindricity tolerance is less than 0.01 mm; the verticality tolerance of the positioning V-shaped groove and the bottom surface of the positioning V-shaped groove is within 0.03 mm; the cathode positioning block, the workpiece clamping block, the base and other appearances of the workpiece positioning block are processed by a precise numerical control milling machine, the flatness tolerance of the lower surface of the cathode positioning block is within 0.02mm, the parallelism tolerance of the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block and the upper surface of the workpiece clamping block is within 0.02mm, the flatness tolerance of the lower surface of the workpiece positioning block and the upper surface of the workpiece positioning block is within 0.02mm, the flatness tolerance is within 0.03mm, the verticality tolerance of the boss A of the workpiece positioning block and the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block, the verticality tolerance of the boss B of the workpiece clamping block and the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block and the verticality tolerance of the groove of the base and the upper surface of the workpiece positioning block are within 0.03mm, and the respective cylindricity tolerances are within. The main shaft connecting rod, the back pressure cover, the base, the workpiece clamping block, the workpiece positioning block, the cathode A, the cathode positioning block and the cathode B are made of 304 stainless steel materials, and the insulating cover is made of POM acetal copolymer materials.
A process method for carrying out electrochemical machining on an oil nozzle group by using the clamp comprises the following steps:
(A1) the main shaft connecting rod is fixed with the cathode positioning block through screws, the cathode A is embedded in the V-shaped groove-shaped cathode positioning hole of the cathode positioning block and is pressed tightly through the screws, and the assembly of the cathode clamping part is completed;
(A2) inserting the pointed end of the workpiece into the workpiece positioning hole from the lower surface of the workpiece positioning block for positioning, then pressing the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block against the other end of the workpiece, positioning the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block through a bolt, and finally screwing the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block into threaded holes of the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block through a countersunk head screw for locking; positioning a workpiece positioning block and a base bolt; the back pressure cover and the base are fixed through screws to complete the assembly of the workpiece clamping part;
(A3) positioning the workpiece positioning block and the cathode positioning block through a plug pin to align the cathode A with the workpiece, then removing all pins, sleeving the insulating cover on the cathode positioning block, connecting and fixing the insulating cover with a main shaft connecting rod screw, sleeving the part of the cathode A, which exceeds the insulating cover, except for the processing blade, and the rest part of the cathode A, by using a heat-shrinkable tube to complete the assembly of the first stage;
(A4) a liquid inlet on the side surface of the base is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid outlet on the side wall of the back pressure cover is connected with a liquid outlet pipe;
(A5) connecting the workpiece with the anode of a power supply, and connecting the cathode A with the cathode of the power supply;
(A6) setting electrolytic machining parameters, introducing electrolyte, starting machining, feeding a cathode in the vertical direction, and enabling a workpiece to be locally dissolved under the electrolytic action to finish first-stage machining;
(A7) the workpiece positioning block, the workpiece and the workpiece clamping block are kept in an assembly relation, turned 180 degrees around the horizontal axis 23, and positioned with the base bolt; detaching the insulating cover, mounting a cathode B11, reinstalling the insulating cover, sleeving the rest part of the cathode B beyond the insulating cover except the processing edge by using a heat shrinkable tube, and finishing the assembly of the second stage;
(A8) and (3) setting electrochemical machining parameters, introducing electrolyte, starting machining, feeding the cathode along the vertical direction, enabling the workpiece to be locally dissolved under the electrolytic action, finishing the second-stage machining, and finally machining the bidirectional inverted taper hole.
In the first-stage machining process, electrolyte flows in from a liquid inlet of the base 4, passes through the liquid guide hole 22 of the workpiece clamping block 6, enters a machining area through a pre-opening hole of the workpiece 5, and finally flows out from a liquid outlet of the back pressure cover 3. In the second stage of processing, the electrolyte flows in from the liquid inlet of the base 4, enters the processing area through the pre-opening hole of the workpiece 5, flows through the liquid guide hole 22 of the workpiece clamping block 6, and finally flows out from the liquid outlet of the back pressure cover 3.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 6, two V-shaped cathode positioning holes are formed in the cathode positioning block, the two V-shaped cathode positioning holes are distributed in an angle of 180 degrees with reference to the vertical central axis of the cathode positioning block, each corresponding cathode positioning hole has a side threaded hole communicated with the cathode positioning hole, and two cathode electrodes a are simultaneously mounted and locked; two workpiece positioning holes of the workpiece positioning block are distributed correspondingly to the cathode positioning holes, two liquid guide holes of the price clamping block are arranged, the size of each liquid guide hole is the same as that of the workpiece positioning hole, two workpieces are assembled into the workpiece positioning holes at the same time and are tightly pressed and fixed by the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block, a group with two oil nozzle bidirectional inverted taper holes can be machined, and the rest parts and the process steps are the same as those of embodiment 1.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 7, three V-shaped cathode positioning holes are formed in the cathode positioning block, and are uniformly distributed in an angle of 120 degrees with reference to the vertical central axis of the cathode positioning block, each corresponding cathode positioning hole is provided with a side threaded hole communicated with the cathode positioning hole, and three cathode electrodes a are simultaneously installed and locked; three workpiece positioning holes of the workpiece positioning block are distributed correspondingly to the cathode positioning holes, three liquid guide holes of the price clamping block are arranged, the size of each liquid guide hole is the same as that of the workpiece positioning hole, the three workpieces are assembled into the workpiece positioning holes at the same time and are tightly pressed and fixed by the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block, a group with three oil nozzle bidirectional inverted taper holes can be machined, and the rest parts and the process steps are the same as those of embodiment 1.
When the invention is used for processing workpieces with different quantities, the arrangement modes of the workpiece positioning holes, the liquid guide holes and the positioning V-shaped grooves are shown in figures 5-7. The positions of the workpiece positioning holes 14 are symmetrically distributed on the axis 23, and the corresponding liquid guide holes 22 and the positioning V-shaped grooves 19 are arranged according to the positions of the workpiece positioning holes 14; theoretically, if the workpiece positioning block 7, the workpiece clamping block 6 and the cathode positioning block 9 are large enough, the number of workpieces to be machined at one time is not limited, but in actual production, the problems of electrolyte supply, electric conduction and the like need to be considered, so that the number of workpieces to be machined at one time is reasonably determined according to the total production number and actual machine tool conditions, and a corresponding arrangement mode is selected.
Claims (10)
1. An electrolytic machining clamp of a bidirectional inverted taper hole group of an oil nozzle comprises a first positioning part and a second positioning part, and is characterized in that the first positioning part comprises a spindle connecting rod (1) and a cylindrical cathode positioning block (9) which are arranged in an upper and a lower mode and are mutually compressed and fixed, the cathode positioning block is provided with at least one cathode positioning hole (19) in the vertical direction, side threaded holes with the same number are arranged at the same time, one cathode positioning hole is communicated with one side threaded hole, the second positioning part comprises a workpiece positioning block (7), a workpiece clamping block (6) and a base (4) which are arranged in an upper, middle and lower mode and are cylindrical, an annular boss A (17) is arranged on the upper surface of the workpiece positioning block, at least one workpiece positioning hole (14) in the vertical direction is arranged in the inner ring position range of the boss A (17), and an annular boss B (13) which is, boss B (13) inner ring position scope be equipped with drain hole (22) of the same quantity of work piece locating hole, the drain hole internal diameter is greater than the biggest external diameter of negative pole and is less than the biggest external diameter of work piece, work piece locating piece and work piece (5) adaptation installation compress tightly work piece (5) and reciprocal anchorage with its lower surface and the lower surface of work piece clamp block jointly, the base is equipped with circular recess (21), boss B (13) with the cooperation of recess shaft hole is fixed a position.
2. The electrolytic machining fixture for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the first positioning portion further comprises an insulating cover (2), the insulating cover surrounds the cathode positioning block and is fixedly mounted with the spindle connecting rod, and an avoidance hole is formed in the position of the cathode positioning hole of the insulating cover.
3. The electrolytic machining fixture for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle of claim 2, further comprising a back pressure cover (3), wherein the upper end of the back pressure cover is fixed with the insulating cover in a sealing manner, the lower end of the back pressure cover is fixed with the base in a sealing manner, a liquid inlet is formed in the side surface of the base and communicated with the groove, and a liquid outlet is formed in the side surface of the back pressure cover.
4. The electrolytic machining fixture for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that the spindle connecting rod (1) and the insulating cover (2) are fixed by screws, the insulating cover (2) and the back pressure cover (3) are sealed by an O-shaped sealing ring (10), and the back pressure cover (3) and the base (4) are sealed by the O-shaped sealing ring (10).
5. The electrolytic machining fixture of the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross section of the cathode positioning hole (19) is V-shaped, and the opening faces to the direction of the side threaded hole communicated with the cathode positioning hole.
6. The electrolytic machining fixture for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the spindle connecting rod (1) and the cathode positioning block (9) are respectively provided with a threaded hole for fixing by a screw, the workpiece clamping block (6) is provided with a positioning pin hole A (12) at a position close to the edge, the workpiece positioning block (7) is provided with a positioning pin hole B (15) at a position close to the edge, the positioning pin hole A (12) of the workpiece clamping block (6) is matched with the positioning pin hole B (15) of the workpiece positioning block (7), and is also respectively provided with a threaded hole for matching, and is fastened by a countersunk screw, the cathode positioning block (9) is provided with a positioning pin hole D (18) matched with the positioning pin hole B (15) of the workpiece positioning block (7), and is positioned by a positioning pin, the workpiece positioning block (7) is provided with a positioning pin hole C (16), the base (4) is provided with a positioning pin hole E (20), and a positioning pin hole C (16) of the workpiece positioning block (7) is matched with the positioning pin hole E (20) of the base (4) and is positioned through a positioning pin.
7. The electrochemical machining fixture of the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle according to claim 6, wherein the number of the positioning pin holes on the cathode positioning block is two and is distributed centrosymmetrically, the number of the positioning pin holes on the base is two and is distributed centrosymmetrically, the number of the positioning pin holes on the workpiece positioning block is four, two of the centrosymmetrically distributed positioning pin holes are distributed correspondingly to the positioning pin holes on the cathode positioning block, and the other two positioning pin holes are distributed correspondingly to the positioning pin holes on the base.
8. The electrolytic machining fixture for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the number of the cathode positioning holes (19) on the cathode positioning block (9) is two, and the two cathode positioning holes are distributed at 180 ° with reference to a vertical central axis of the cathode positioning block, and the two workpiece positioning holes (14) on the workpiece positioning block (7) are distributed correspondingly to the cathode positioning holes.
9. The electrolytic machining fixture for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the number of the cathode positioning holes (19) on the cathode positioning block (9) is three, and the cathode positioning holes are uniformly distributed at 120 ° with reference to a vertical central axis of the cathode positioning block, and the number of the workpiece positioning holes (14) on the workpiece positioning block (7) is three and is distributed correspondingly to the cathode positioning holes.
10. A process for electrolytically machining an oil jet group by using the electrolytic machining jig for the bidirectional inverted taper hole group of the oil jet of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(A1) the spindle connecting rod (1) is fixed with the cathode positioning block (9) through screws, the cathode A (8) is embedded in a V-shaped groove-shaped cathode positioning hole (19) of the cathode positioning block (9) and is screwed into a side threaded hole communicated with the cathode positioning block through screws to be pressed tightly, and assembly of a cathode clamping part is completed;
(A2) inserting the pointed end of the workpiece (5) into the workpiece positioning hole (14) from the lower surface of the workpiece positioning block for positioning, then pressing the lower surface of the workpiece clamping block against the other end of the workpiece, positioning the workpiece positioning block (7) and the workpiece clamping block (6) through a bolt, and finally screwing the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block into threaded holes of the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block through countersunk screws for locking; the workpiece positioning block is positioned with a base (4) through a bolt; the back pressure cover (3) and the base (4) are fixed through screws to complete the assembly of the workpiece clamping part;
(A3) positioning a workpiece positioning block (7) and a cathode positioning block (9) through a plug pin to finish alignment of a cathode A (8) and a workpiece, then removing all pins, sleeving an insulating cover (2) on the cathode positioning block (9), connecting and fixing two ends of the insulating cover with a main shaft connecting rod (1) through screws, sleeving the part of the cathode A (8) which exceeds the insulating cover (2) except a processing blade by using a heat-shrinkable tube, and finishing assembly in the first stage;
(A4) a liquid inlet on the side surface of the base (4) is connected with a liquid inlet pipe, and a liquid outlet on the side wall of the back pressure cover (3) is connected with a liquid outlet pipe;
(A5) connecting a workpiece (5) with the positive pole of a power supply, and connecting a cathode A (8) with the negative pole of the power supply;
(A6) setting electrolytic machining parameters, introducing electrolyte, starting machining, feeding a cathode along the vertical direction, and locally dissolving a workpiece (5) under the electrolytic action to finish the first-stage machining;
(A7) the workpiece positioning block (7), the workpiece (5) and the workpiece clamping block (6) keep an assembly relation, turn over 180 degrees around the horizontal axis (23) together, a boss A (17) of the workpiece positioning block (7) and a groove of the base (4) are installed in a shaft hole, and meanwhile, the workpiece positioning block and the workpiece clamping block are positioned through bolts; detaching the insulating cover (2), installing a cathode B (11), reinstalling the insulating cover, sleeving the rest part of the cathode B, which exceeds the insulating cover, with a heat-shrinkable tube except for the processing blade, and completing the second-stage assembly;
(A8) and (3) setting electrochemical machining parameters, introducing electrolyte, starting machining, feeding the cathode along the vertical direction, so that the workpiece (5) is locally dissolved under the electrolytic action, finishing the second-stage machining, and finally machining the bidirectional inverted taper hole.
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| CN111375850B (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2021-08-31 | 江苏集萃精密制造研究院有限公司 | Multi-station synchronous precise electrolytic forming processing device and method for involute internal spline |
| CN114959806A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-30 | 江苏理工学院 | Array through hole electroforming processing device and two-dimensional material modification method |
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| CN203018867U (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-06-26 | 河南理工大学 | Device for performing electrolytic machining on double-sided horn hole array on thin-walled cylinder |
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| JP5759607B1 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-08-05 | 要一 榊原 | Centering jigs for machine tools |
| CN208575349U (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2019-03-05 | 温州市宏业科技股份有限公司 | A kind of wire machine turnable jig |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203018867U (en) * | 2013-01-16 | 2013-06-26 | 河南理工大学 | Device for performing electrolytic machining on double-sided horn hole array on thin-walled cylinder |
| JP5759607B1 (en) * | 2014-11-19 | 2015-08-05 | 要一 榊原 | Centering jigs for machine tools |
| CN204470736U (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-07-15 | 苏州电加工机床研究所有限公司 | The small reverse taper holes processing unit (plant) of a kind of adjustable electric spark |
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