CN110278732A - A kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier and alkaline land improving technology - Google Patents

A kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier and alkaline land improving technology Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110278732A
CN110278732A CN201810223521.1A CN201810223521A CN110278732A CN 110278732 A CN110278732 A CN 110278732A CN 201810223521 A CN201810223521 A CN 201810223521A CN 110278732 A CN110278732 A CN 110278732A
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ion
soil
exchange type
alkaline land
microbe carrier
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CN110278732B (en
Inventor
常大勇
常晓菲
廖艳
贾朝佩
丁玮琳
高筱莎
王琳
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Yantai Goodly Biotechnology Co Ltd
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Yantai Goodly Biotechnology Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
    • A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
    • C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K2109/00—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE pH regulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier and alkaline land improving technology oyster shell powder, desulfurized gesso of flue gas, vinegar grain, sulphur, sodium thiosulfate it is characterized in that be made of.Innovation of the invention is adsorbable sodium ion, controls the harm of salt；PH value is reduced, the utilization of soil nutrient is promoted；Change soil texture, increase gas permeability, increases bioactivity；Increase soil carbon sequestration, improves the soil organism.Various composition synergistic effect, cooperates, and is all relatively suitble to various salt-soda soils, especially more effective to the basic soil for lacking fresh water area.

Description

A kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier and alkaline land improving technology
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alkaline land modifying agents, belong to fertilizer field.
Background technique
The salinization of soil is a global problem, and nearly 1,000,000,000 hectares of whole world salinized soil area, China has 99,130,000 Hectare, is roughly equal to 14.7 hundred million mu；Nearly more than the 100 a city in the whole nation is seated salt-soda soil distributed area, caused by agriculture plantation is because of salination Nearly 500,000,000 mu of the underproduction, old-field, are concentrated mainly on these arid and semi-arid lands of North China, northwest and northeast.In addition cultivation In, chemical fertilizer is excessively applied for a long time, and soil secondary salinization is caused to be aggravated, it is hardened serious, expand salinization, alkali-affected soil constantly Greatly.In addition, China, there are also more than 18000 kilometers of long mainland coastlines, the seashores such as Bohai and Yellow Seas and East Sea littoral plain divide It is furnished with the beach salty soil based on chloride of large area, the common feature in these areas is that soil property salt content is all high, mostly It is the barren land that plant is not easy to grow.Also there are a large amount of dust storm salt-soda soils in Inner Mongol etc..Salinity in soil, harm is maximum to be NaCl、Na2CO3(horse urinates alkali) and Na2SO4(saltcake).Soil is colloid, is a huge anion radical, exchangeability Na+It can be with Soil colloid electro kinetic potential is destroyed, makes that crumb structure cannot be formed between colloid.As exchangeability Na+Exchange capacity 5-15% is accounted for, soil Earth low-grade alkalization；15-25% soil moderate alkalized；The alkalization of 25-35% soil severe；> 35% forms alkaline earth.It is a large amount of in soil The accumulation of salinity, can cause a series of deterioration of soil physical properties: structure is viscous, and aeration is poor, and bulk density is high, and soil temperature rises Slowly, aerobic microorganism activity is poor in soil, and nutrients release is slow, and infiltration coefficient is low；Capillarity is strong, leads to topsoil salt marsh That changes is further exacerbated by, and causes that soil is cold, hard, plate phenomenon.It is, in general, that when (general thickness is in upper soll layer or subsurface stratum 20-30 centimetres or so), water soluble salt cumulant is more than that the basicity of 0.1%-0.2% or alkalization of soils layer is more than 5%, just Belong to salt-soda soil scope.
Power plant stack gas consolidates sulphur and its main component of solid sulfur ash for being formed is the calcium sulfate with the crystallization water, using calcium ion with Sodium ion swaps, to alleviate salinization soil, achieves certain effect.Patent 20080119806, 201210589939,201310742993,201410633997 all describe feelings of the desulfurized gesso of flue gas for alkaline land improving Condition.This method is high for Bohai Sea Gulf and coastal region in east China salinity, but alkalinity is not strong, and the region for not lacking fresh water is come relatively It says preferably, but, desertification serious region higher for basicity, fresh water lacks, and ion exchange capacity is less, and effect is limited.
Oyster shell has multi-layer microporous structure, and short texture, good permeability, main chemical compositions are calcium carbonate, can mention For the calcium ion of exchange, while multi-layer microporous structure can provide living space for microorganism, as microbe carrier, increase soil Content of microorganisms in earth.
Vinegar grain is the acidic waste of pH value 3-6, and the weak organic acid provided is beneficial to salt affected soil.
Summary of the invention
The technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier and alkaline land improving technology use oyster shell powder, desulfurized gesso of flue gas, vinegar Grain, sulphur, sodium thiosulfate composition, its ratio be 100:85-120:20-50:2-5:0.5-1 mass percent, various compositions Synergistic effect, cooperate, to various salt-soda soils all relatively be suitble to, it is more effective to basic soil, concrete technology be by vinegar grain, Sulphur, sodium thiosulfate mix in proportion, and watering keeps humidity 30-50%, are kept for 25-45 DEG C of temperature, pilling up time 20-35 Desulfurized gesso of flue gas is added in it, oyster shell powder mixes.
Further, the oyster shell is cleaned, is crushed to 60-100 mesh.
Further, the desulfurized gesso of flue gas is powdery, and fineness is 60 mesh or more.
Further, 50% or less the vinegar grain moisture content.
Further, the sulphur is 60-100 mesh through smashing fineness.
Further, the sodium thiosulfate is powdery, and fineness is 60-100 mesh.
Further, the calcium superphosphate for accounting for total amount 10-30% mass percent can also be added, fineness is 60-100 mesh.
Further, method of administration is uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields in saline and alkaline ground surface.
Superiority of the invention is embodied in:
(1) sodium ion is adsorbed, the harm of salt is controlled；
(2) pH value is reduced, the utilization of soil nutrient is promoted；
(3) change soil texture, increase gas permeability, increase bioactivity；
(4) increase soil carbon sequestration, improve the soil organism.
It makes a concrete analysis of as follows:
(1) sodium ion is adsorbed, calcium ion is swapped with sodium ion
According to Coulomb's law, ionic charge valence is higher, and the absorption ability by colloid is bigger, and exchange capacity is bigger, so M3+ > M2+> M+.In addition for the ion of same valence, ionic radius is bigger, and hydration radius is smaller, and exchange capacity is stronger:
Ca2+> Mg2+> NH4+> K+> Na+
It is exactly equivalent exchange: a that is Ca there are one rule2+Commutative two Na+。
Contain calcium ion in the present invention in gypsum, also contain calcium ion in oyster shell, can be swapped with sodium ion.
(2) pH value is reduced, soil colloid buffering reaction is accelerated
The calcium ion in calcium sulfate is easy to be fixed in alkaline soils, and ion exchange capacity is reduced, and cannot play improvement The effect of soil.The vinegar grain used in the present invention, pH value 6 or so are existed in the form of organic acid.Vinegar grain simultaneously It is also provided with machine matter, the condition that provides can be proliferated for microbial bacteria, while the breeding of microorganism further increases organic acid Content, activates root system of plant environment, and the multi-layer microporous structure of oyster shell provides carrier to microorganism, it is ensured that microorganism is deposited for a long time It is living.Product of the present invention is adjusting soil pH value simultaneously, is reacted by biology complexing, displacement, it is extra on soil granular to remove Na+, activate the PO being difficult to be utilized in salt affected soil4 3+、Fe2+、Ca2+、Mg2+Plasma and microelement, being changed into it can benefit It is absorbed by plants with state, releases plant physiology nutritional deficiency symptom.Simultaneously by reducing Na+, activate Ca2+、Mg2+Later, soil can be made Earth water conduction energy (HC) increases, and soil moisture is made to be easier to flow, and so as to improve crop root environment, promotes root growth, protects Crop full stand, robust seedling are demonstrate,proved, plant normal growth, raising yield on salt-soda soil are enable.
(3) acid-producing microorganisms carrier provides environment of living away from home for microorganism, adjusts SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio, sodium calcium ratio to change soil Earth structure reduces sodium ion activity.
Oyster shell in the present invention and vinegar grain, microbial interaction adjust SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio, sodium calcium ratio, promote sodium from Son is activity stabilized.Suitable for the farmland and new land reclamation by saline and alkaline infringement, using in Organo-bio- macromolecule complexing soil at Salt ion takes salinity to depth of soils with irrigation water, drops alkali desalination, relieve toxic action of the salinity to crop rapidly.
Organic acid is different from inorganic acid, plays the role of to the colloidal stability of soil good.Multi-layer microporous structure increases Add the soil organism and albumen, increase the gas permeability of soil, promotes microorganism breeding, improve soil texture.Promote well developed root system, together When promote microorganism breeding, be detached from saline and alkaline state.
(4) increase soil carbon sequestration, improve the soil organism
The vinegar grain content of organic matter is up to 60% or more, provides organic matter, and provide carbon source abundant to microorganism.
Specific embodiment
Of the invention for ease of understanding, the present invention enumerates that embodiment is as follows, and the described embodiments are merely helpful in understanding the present invention, It should not be regarded as a specific limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
According to oyster shell powder 100kg, desulfurized gesso of flue gas 95kg, vinegar grain 30kg, sulphur 4kg, sodium thiosulfate 0.5kg Ratio weighs raw material.First vinegar grain, sulphur, sodium thiosulfate are mixed in proportion, appropriate watering keeps humidity 40%, keeps temperature 30 DEG C or so, pilling up time 30 days.Desulfurized gesso of flue gas is added after 30 days, oyster shell powder mixes.
Test, demonstration place situation:
Hami Red Star two peasant household Qu Jianbo, 25 mu of area, kind: No. 54 in new land；17 mu of controls (not applying), 8 Mu processing (application).Fertilising situation: base manure applies 20 kilograms of diammonium, 20 kilograms of organic fertilizer；15 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, urea 10 is public Jin；10 kilograms of urea of whole process drop.Mu stays 7750 plants of seedling number or so.
Red Star one two branch peasant household Meng Lei, 80 mu of area, kind: Hua Nong 16.40 mu of controls (do not apply production of the present invention Product), 40 mu of processing (using product of the present invention).Fertilising situation: base manure applies 15 kilograms of diammonium, and 12 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, organic fertilizer 8 Kilogram；13 kilograms of urea of whole process drop.Mu stays 7700 plants of seedling number or so.
Comparative test processing: application method is ploughed to spread fertilizer over the fields 80kg product of the present invention per acre before sowing cotton seed.
Control: it does not use, compares (ck).Cultivation management measure is consistent with local crop field.
Field management situation:
Qu Jianbo peasant household: sowing on April 19, May 8, emergence, buddingged June 22, and July 15 bloomed, August blow-of-cottons on the 28th, and 9 The moon starts to harvest on the 18th.The time of infertility intertills 3 times, waters 9 times, changes control 3 times.
Meng Lei peasant household: sowing on April 12, May 7, emergence, buddingged June 22, and July 18 bloomed, August blow-of-cottons on the 27th, and 9 The moon starts to harvest on the 26th.The time of infertility intertills 3 times, waters 9 times, changes control 2 times.
Test results and analysis
(1) to the influence of physiological character.The method of experimental investigation result, in every processing fixed point continuously take 10 plants of cottons into Row investigation.Product of the present invention can promote cotton normal development, can improve structure of output.Processing effect compared with Routine control is aobvious It writes.
Experimental field cotton is averaged plant height high 1.7cm Qu Jianbo, and stem thickness increases by 0.2 centimetre, and single basal munure increases by 0.9, single Bell increases 0.1g again.
Experimental field cotton is averaged plant height high 1.9cm Meng Lei, and stem thickness increases by 0.25 centimetre, and single basal munure increases by 0.5, Single boll weight Increase 0.2g, which belongs to geavy salt alkali, difference of keeping a full stand of seedings, and processing and control mu stay seedling number to differ greatly and (be detailed in table one)
Table one: cotton Growth Character investigation
(2) to the influence of soil salt content.By applying rear soil salt content with drop before being applied to drop and carrying out analytical test, knot Fruit shows significant difference between each processing, this says that product of the present invention is compared with Routine control, can significantly reduce soil salt content, volume increase Significant effect.(being detailed in table two).
Table two: soil salt balance situation
Conclusion: pass through Germicidal efficacy, it can be seen that product of the present invention is applied on cotton, Cotton growth is significantly partially strong, ties bell Enhancing can promote Developmental of Cotton, improve output of cotton structure, and effect of increasing production is preferable.It is both also to effectively reduce soil Salt content, the range of decrease is up to 50% or more.Application effect is preferable on the cotton for product of the present invention, recommends to push away in the upper large area of production Extensively.
Embodiment 2
According to oyster shell powder 100kg, desulfurized gesso of flue gas 120kg, vinegar grain 40kg, sulphur 5kg, sodium thiosulfate 1kg Ratio weighs raw material.First vinegar grain, sulphur, sodium thiosulfate are mixed in proportion, appropriate watering keeps humidity 50%, keeps temperature 40 DEG C or so, pilling up time 35 days.Desulfurized gesso of flue gas is added after 35 days, oyster shell powder mixes.
Jilin Province's saline alkali land area is larger, and mainly based on saline-alkali soil, difficulty of governance is big in the salt-soda soil on the ground, and Jilin is saline and alkaline Ground, 5 grams per liter of salinity, PH > 9.5, upper soll layer total salt content > 30.2%.In 100 hectares of region area sampling 1 mu.
Handle product of the present invention effect of increasing production it is best, than control CK be averaged mu volume increase 215 kilograms, improve 25.9 percentages Point.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier and alkaline land improving technology are it is characterized in that by oyster shell powder, flue gas desulfurization stone Cream, vinegar grain, sulphur, sodium thiosulfate composition, its ratio be 100:85-120:20-50:2-5:0.5-1 mass percents, by vinegar Grain, sulphur, sodium thiosulfate mix in proportion, and watering keeps humidity 30-50%, are kept for 25-45 DEG C of temperature, pilling up time 20- 35 days, desulfurized gesso of flue gas is added, oyster shell powder mixes.
2. a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier according to claim 1 and alkaline land improving technology, it is characterized in that male Oyster shells are broken to 60-100 mesh.
3. a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier according to claim 1 and alkaline land improving technology, it is characterized in that cigarette Desulfurization gypsum is powdery, and fineness is 60 mesh or more.
4. a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier according to claim 1 and alkaline land improving technology, it is characterized in that vinegar Poor 50% or less moisture content.
5. a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier according to claim 1 and alkaline land improving technology, it is characterized in that sulphur Sulphur is 60-100 mesh through smashing fineness.
6. a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier according to claim 1 and alkaline land improving technology, it is characterized in that sulphur Sodium thiosulfate is powdery, and fineness is 60-100 mesh.
7. a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier according to claim 1 and alkaline land improving technology, it is characterized in that also The calcium superphosphate for accounting for total amount 10-30% mass percent can be added, fineness is 60-100 mesh.
8. according to claim 1 to a kind of ion-exchange type microbe carrier described in 7 and alkaline land improving technology, it is characterized in that Method of administration is uniformly to spread fertilizer over the fields in saline and alkaline ground surface.
CN201810223521.1A 2018-03-19 2018-03-19 Ion exchange type microorganism carrier Active CN110278732B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006028380A (en) * 2004-07-20 2006-02-02 Jfe Engineering Kk Soil conditioner
CN102630396A (en) * 2012-03-31 2012-08-15 东北农业大学 Method for thoroughly improving saline soil by combination of farming and grazing
CN106396884A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-15 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Medium element fertilizer for conditioning and improving secondary salinization land soil, and production method thereof

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006028380A (en) * 2004-07-20 2006-02-02 Jfe Engineering Kk Soil conditioner
CN102630396A (en) * 2012-03-31 2012-08-15 东北农业大学 Method for thoroughly improving saline soil by combination of farming and grazing
CN106396884A (en) * 2016-08-29 2017-02-15 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 Medium element fertilizer for conditioning and improving secondary salinization land soil, and production method thereof

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