CN1102744C - 线性可调谐光栅装置及其制作方法 - Google Patents

线性可调谐光栅装置及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN1102744C
CN1102744C CN98126396A CN98126396A CN1102744C CN 1102744 C CN1102744 C CN 1102744C CN 98126396 A CN98126396 A CN 98126396A CN 98126396 A CN98126396 A CN 98126396A CN 1102744 C CN1102744 C CN 1102744C
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piezoelectric element
optical fiber
fluctuation
voltage
tunable
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CN1223380A (zh
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朴武允
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Samsung Electronics Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/18—Diffraction gratings
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0128—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on electro-mechanical, magneto-mechanical, elasto-optic effects
    • G02F1/0131—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on electro-mechanical, magneto-mechanical, elasto-optic effects based on photo-elastic effects, e.g. mechanically induced birefringence
    • G02F1/0134—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on electro-mechanical, magneto-mechanical, elasto-optic effects based on photo-elastic effects, e.g. mechanically induced birefringence in optical waveguides
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/0128—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on electro-mechanical, magneto-mechanical, elasto-optic effects
    • G02F1/0131—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on electro-mechanical, magneto-mechanical, elasto-optic effects based on photo-elastic effects, e.g. mechanically induced birefringence
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/30—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00 grating
    • G02F2201/307—Reflective grating, i.e. Bragg grating

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
  • Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)

Abstract

提供一种线性可调谐光栅装置，可调谐线性光栅装置包含在折射率波动间具有相同间隔光纤，与光纤黏结用于根据所施加的电压改变波动间隔的压电元件，及用于向压电元件提供电压的电压源。由于预定的压电元件被与提供有光栅的光纤相黏结，其中的光栅具有均匀的波动间隔，通过由压电元件向各个波动位置提供不同的电场，从而波动间隔可以产生不同的变形，反射波的线性率也可调节，线性光栅装置的生产过程简单，并灵活方便。

Description

线性可调谐光栅装置及其制作方法
本发明涉及线性可调谐光栅装置，其中折射率的波动间隔随跨接到预定压电元件上的电压所产生的应变而变化，还涉及形成线性光栅的方法。
一种线性光栅被设计成依据波动的位置具有不同的波动间隔或具有不同的有效折射率，其特征在于反射光的波长依据波动的位置而有所不同。图1A到图1B示出形成有线性光栅的光纤的侧视图。这里，用标号100或120代表光纤芯，110或130代表包层，101或102代表光栅。根据图1A的芯100中的线性光栅101的结构中连续波动的间隔彼此不同，而波动的有效折射率相同。根据图1B的芯120中的线性光栅102的结构连续波动的间隔相同，而波动的有效折射率彼此不同。
然而，此种的线性光栅必然要比那些具有相同波动间隔的线性光栅具有更复杂的制作过程，并由于根据波动位置的反射波长的线性率在生产状态下被固定，因此此种光栅可被用于特定的波带，但无法宽范围的应用。
为了解决上述问题，本发明的目的是提供一种可调谐线性光栅装置，其中通过将长度随所施加电压而变化的元件与光纤相接而使波动间隔彼此不同，其中的光纤包括波动间隔均匀的光栅，并控制所提供的电压，及形成线性光栅的方法。
相应的，为实现上述目的，提供一种线性可调谐光栅装置，其特征在于，可调谐线性光栅装置包含：在折射率波动间具有相同间隔光纤，与光纤黏结用于根据所施加的电压改变波动间隔的压电元件，及用于向压电元件提供电压的电压源。
为实现上述目的，用于形成线性光栅的方法的特征在于包含如下步骤：(a)在光纤中形成具有均匀间隔的光栅及(b)通过根据波动的位置向光纤光栅提供不同的张力而使光纤光栅的波动间隔彼此不同。
通过下面结合相应附图的详细描述会对本发明的上述目的及优点有更清楚的了解，其中：
图1A到图1B为所形成的线性光栅的侧视图；及
图2为根据本发明的可调谐线性光栅装置的侧视图。
图2示出根据本发明的可调谐线性光栅的侧视图。图2中所示的可调谐线性光栅包含光纤，其中在包层210内形成的芯200中的光栅201具有相同的折射率波动和均匀的间隔，与光纤固定的压电元件202，及用于向压电元件202提供电压的电压源203。
下面描述用上面描述的结构形成线性光栅的方法。在光纤芯200中形成具有均匀间隔波动的光栅201，通过根据波动的位置向光纤光栅201提供不同的张力而使波动的间隔彼此不同。由压电元件202和电压源203产生张力。
在光纤芯200中的光栅201满足以下布拉格条件：
         λi＝2·neff·di其中λi为入射波的波长，neff为有效折射率及di为波动间的间隔。
固定到光栅201外侧上的压电元件202的材料可根据电压源203所提供的电压发生形变，对该材料来讲，Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3，0.4≤x≤0.6(PZT或铅锆酸盐钛酸盐)最合适。环氧树脂胶可用做黏结剂。由此种诸如PZT的材料制成的压电元件202在垂直于所施加的电场的方向上变形。压电元件202的形状最好为楔形，以便根据所施加的电压在每一位置的变形程度而彼此不同。也即，虽然所施加的电压使恒定的，由于压电元件202的一部分厚，电场比薄的地方相对较弱。其结果，薄的部分比厚的部分具有较小的变形。
与具有上述结构的压电元件202相黏结的光栅201的波动间隔随压电元件202的变形而变化。结果，可形成波动间具有不同间隔的线性光栅装置。此外，当调节由电压源203所施加的电压时，可调节反射波长的线性率。
根据本发明，由于预定的压电元件被与提供有光栅的光纤相黏结，其中的光栅具有均匀的波动间隔，通过由压电元件向各个波动位置提供不同的电场，从而波动间隔可以产生不同的变形，反射波的线性率也可调节，线性光栅装置的生产过程简单，并且可以灵活应用。

Claims (4)

1.一种可调谐线性光栅装置，其特征在于可调谐线性光栅装置包含：
线性光栅的折射率波动之间具有相同间隔的一光纤；
与光纤黏结用于根据所施加的电压改变波动之间的间隔的一细长压电元件，在纵向上其一端的厚度大于相对端的厚度；
用于向压电元件提供电压的一电压源。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可调谐线性光栅装置，其特征在于压电元件的材料为Pb(ZrxTi1-x)O3，其中0.4≤x≤0.6。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可调谐线性光栅装置，其特征在于压电元件的形状为楔形并使用环氧树脂黏结到光纤上。
4.用于形成线性光栅的方法，其特征在于包含如下步骤：
在光纤芯中形成具有均匀间隔的一光栅；
将具有楔形的压电元件黏结到其中形成有光栅的所述光纤上；
通过对所述楔形压电元件施加受控电压而使所述光纤发生形变从而改变波动之间的间隔；
其中所述形变步骤根据所述楔形压电元件的厚度变化而向所述光纤施加不同的张力。
CN98126396A 1997-12-31 1998-12-29 线性可调谐光栅装置及其制作方法 Expired - Fee Related CN1102744C (zh)

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AU9824098A (en) 1999-07-22
KR100294540B1 (ko) 2001-07-12
CA2256926A1 (en) 1999-06-30
CN1223380A (zh) 1999-07-21
AU719814B2 (en) 2000-05-18
EP0933662A1 (en) 1999-08-04
CA2256926C (en) 2002-02-05
JPH11271649A (ja) 1999-10-08
JP2988931B2 (ja) 1999-12-13
US6246814B1 (en) 2001-06-12
KR19990061812A (ko) 1999-07-26

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