CN110273076B - Preparation method of aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing - Google Patents
Preparation method of aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110273076B CN110273076B CN201910620954.5A CN201910620954A CN110273076B CN 110273076 B CN110273076 B CN 110273076B CN 201910620954 A CN201910620954 A CN 201910620954A CN 110273076 B CN110273076 B CN 110273076B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/25—Direct deposition of metal particles, e.g. direct metal deposition [DMD] or laser engineered net shaping [LENS]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/04—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire
- B21C37/047—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of bars or wire of fine wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/52—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length
- C21D9/525—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for wires; for strips ; for rods of unlimited length for wire, for rods
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/053—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/16—Polishing
- C25F3/18—Polishing of light metals
- C25F3/20—Polishing of light metals of aluminium
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of an aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing, in particular to a 7075 aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing, which comprises the following steps: alloy batching → press forming → vacuum induction furnace smelting → alloy casting → forging → rotary swaging → wire drawing → continuous electrolytic cleaning → heat treatment and straightening. The aluminum alloy wire prepared by the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the surface quality is obviously improved, the wire feeding speed is stable, and the strength and the fluidity are good in the wire feeding 3D printing process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of metal manufacturing, in particular to a preparation method of an aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing.
Background
The aluminum alloy is an alloy which takes metal aluminum as a matrix and is added with a certain amount of trace elements such as copper, magnesium, zinc, silicon and the like, has low density, high strength and excellent conductivity and corrosion resistance, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, mechanical ships, automobiles and the like. The 7075 aluminum alloy has good mechanical properties and mechanical properties as a cold-processed forging hard aluminum alloy, and is applied to manufacturing complex structural parts of airplanes, light-weight parts of automobiles and the like.
Currently, metal 3D printing technology is the leading and most potential technology in the entire 3D printing system, and is an important development direction for advanced manufacturing technology. The laser additive manufacturing of the aluminum alloy is highly valued in the fields of aerospace, automobiles and the like, the 7075 aluminum alloy is printed in a 3D mode by laser sintering of 7075 aluminum alloy spherical powder, the process is limited by the performance of the aluminum alloy powder, the production process is complex and high in cost, printed aluminum alloy parts are still insufficient in structure and mechanical property, fine pores are formed in the printed aluminum alloy parts, the structures are generally cast columnar crystal structures, and the strength of the parts is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing, and particularly aims to remarkably improve the surface quality of a 7075 aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing, ensure that the internal structure is compact and contains a fine grain structure, and ensure that the wire feeding speed is stable and the strength and the fluidity are good in the wire feeding 3D printing process.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the preparation method of the aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing comprises the following steps: alloy batching → press forming → vacuum induction furnace smelting → alloy casting → forging → rotary swaging → wire drawing → continuous electrolytic cleaning → heat treatment and straightening. The method comprises the following specific steps:
1) ingredients
Taking raw material powder according to the proportion of 7075 aluminum alloy, wherein the purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and uniformly mixing the raw material powder;
2) and (3) pressing and forming:
filling the raw material powder obtained in the step 1) into a die sleeve, sealing, and performing compression molding to obtain a molded 7075 aluminum alloy;
3) smelting in a vacuum induction furnace:
smelting the 7075 aluminum alloy subjected to compression molding in the step 2), and fully stirring until the aluminum alloy is melted down to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
4) alloy casting:
preheating a casting mold, casting the melt in the step 3) into the mold to obtain a cast ingot, and carrying out homogenization annealing on the cast ingot;
5) forging:
heating the cast ingot at the heating temperature of 300-500 ℃ for 10-20 min to ensure that the aluminum alloy has good plasticity and lower deformation resistance, wherein the initial forging temperature is 430-460 ℃, the final forging temperature is 330-370 ℃, and processing the cast ingot into an aluminum alloy rod;
6) hot rolling:
the aluminum alloy rod in the step 5) is subjected to multi-pass (9-16 passes) hot rolling, the hot rolling deformation processing rate of each pass is 10-15%, and the diameter of the aluminum alloy rod is phi 4 mm-phi 8mm, and surface oxide skin is removed;
7) drawing the wire:
and (3) carrying out cold drawing and vacuum annealing heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod after hot rolling, and drawing into a wire with the diameter of 0.10-0.50 mm. In order to eliminate residual stress generated in the drawing deformation processing process, once vacuum annealing is performed when the pass accumulated deformation reaches 55% -75%, the vacuum annealing temperature is 410-300 ℃, and the annealing time is 30-20 min;
8) continuous electrolytic polishing and cleaning:
and 7) continuously performing electrolytic polishing and cleaning on the wire, wherein the electrolytic current is 5-20A, the concentration of alkali liquor is 5-10 wt% of NaOH solution, the wire collecting speed is 10-15 m/min, and the electrolytic polishing current and the concentration of alkali liquor are controlled according to the actual requirement of the cleaning degree of the wire.
9) Heat treatment straightening:
argon protection, heat treatment temperature of 350-300 ℃, wire feeding speed of 4-7 m/min, and straightening.
And 2) the pressure of the compression molding in the step 2) is 160-200 Mpa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60-120 s.
The annealing temperature in the step 4) is 350-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 16-24 h.
And 5) the diameter of the aluminum alloy rod is phi 15 mm-18 mm.
And 6) carrying out hot rolling, wherein the single-pass deformation processing rate is 10-15%, the heating temperature is 350-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7-15 min.
And (3) removing the surface oxide skin in the step 6) by adopting a NaOH solution with the concentration of 5-10%.
And 7) drawing the wire at the speed of 8-10 m/min.
The method adopts a continuous electrolytic polishing and cleaning method, so that the surface quality of the 7075 aluminum alloy wire is obviously improved, the surface has no cracks or burrs, and the finish degree is greatly improved. After argon protection heat treatment straightening, the 7075 aluminum alloy wire is not easy to break and flow in strands in the wire feeding 3D printing process, and the wire feeding speed is stable and the strength and the fluidity are good.
The 7075 aluminum alloy wire produced by the patent has the advantages that the surface of an aluminum alloy workpiece after 3D printing is smooth and crackless, the strength of a formed product is high, and the forming precision and the appearance effect of printing are guaranteed.
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows an aluminum alloy wire for 3D printing prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Alloy proportioning: preparing 2kg of 7075 aluminum alloy, and taking raw material powder according to the proportion of each component[1]And the purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and all the raw material powder is uniformly mixed.
(2) And (3) pressing and forming: pressing into a mold by using a cold isostatic press, filling 7075 aluminum alloy powder into a rod-shaped rubber mold sleeve (phi 30 multiplied by 100 mm), sealing and putting into the cold isostatic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 160Mpa, and the pressure maintaining time is 90 s.
(3) Smelting in a vacuum induction furnace: and (3) smelting the 7075 aluminum alloy formed by pressing in an induction furnace, and fully stirring until the aluminum alloy is completely melted to obtain the molten aluminum alloy.
(4) Alloy casting: preheating the cast mould for later use, casting the melted 7075 aluminum alloy liquid into the preheated mould to form a 7075 aluminum alloy ingot with the diameter of 30mm, and carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot, wherein the annealing temperature is 430 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 16 h.
(5) Forging: the forging equipment is a 500 kg air hammer, the heating temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, the initial forging temperature is 430 ℃, the final forging temperature is 330 ℃, and the 7075 aluminum alloy ingot is processed into an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 15 mm.
(6) Hot rolling: the aluminum alloy rod is hot-rolled by a hot rolling mill, 16 passes of hot rolling are carried out, the deformation rate of each pass of hot rolling is 10-15% (the deformation rate is controlled by adjusting the distance between roller mills of the rolling mill), the heating temperature is 430 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7 min. A7075 aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 15mm is processed to the diameter of 4mm, and the surface oxide skin is removed by 6 percent NaOH solution.
(7) Drawing the wire: cold drawing and vacuum annealing heat treatment processes are adopted for drawing a 7075 aluminum alloy bar with the diameter of 4mm into a 7075 aluminum alloy wire with the diameter of 0.10mm, the wire drawing speed is 10m/min, when the pass accumulated deformation reaches 55%, vacuum annealing is carried out once, the vacuum annealing temperature is 360-300 ℃, and the annealing time is 25-20 min.
(8) Continuous electrolytic polishing and cleaning: the 7075 aluminum alloy wire is cleaned by continuous electrolytic polishing, the electrolytic current is 5A, the concentration of an alkali liquor is 5 percent by weight of NaOH solution, and the wire collecting speed is 15 m/min.
(9) Heat treatment straightening: argon is adopted for protection, the heat treatment temperature is 300 ℃, the wire moving speed is 7m/min, and the quartz tube is straightened.
Experiments prove that the 7075 aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing is not easy to break and flow in a strand mode in the 3D printing process, the wire feeding rate is stable, the strength and the fluidity are good (see figure 1), the surface of a printed aluminum alloy workpiece is smooth and has no cracks, and the strength of a formed product is high.
Example 2
(1) Alloy proportioning: preparing 3kg of 7075 aluminum alloy, taking raw material powder according to the proportion of each component, and uniformly mixing the raw material powder, wherein the purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9%.
(2) And (3) pressing and forming: pressing into a mold by using a cold isostatic press, filling 7075 aluminum alloy powder into a rod-shaped rubber mold sleeve (phi 30 multiplied by 100 mm), sealing, and putting into the cold isostatic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 180Mpa, and the pressure maintaining time is 100 s.
(3) Smelting in a vacuum induction furnace: and (3) smelting the 7075 aluminum alloy formed by pressing in an induction furnace, and fully stirring until the aluminum alloy is completely melted to obtain the molten aluminum alloy.
(4) Alloy casting: preheating the cast mould for later use, casting the melted 7075 aluminum alloy liquid into the preheated mould to form a 7075 aluminum alloy ingot with the diameter of 40mm, and carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot, wherein the annealing temperature is 450 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 18 h.
(5) Forging: the forging equipment is a 500 kg air hammer, the heating temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, the initial forging temperature is 450 ℃, the final forging temperature is 350 ℃, and the 7075 aluminum alloy ingot is processed to an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 16 mm.
(6) Hot rolling: the aluminum alloy rod is hot-rolled by a hot rolling mill, and is subjected to 14-pass hot rolling, the deformation processing rate of each pass is 10-15% (the deformation rate is controlled by adjusting the roller mill spacing of the rolling mill), the heating temperature is 450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 10 min. A7075 aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 16mm is processed to the diameter of 5mm, and the surface oxide skin is removed by using a NaOH solution with the concentration of 8%.
(7) Drawing the wire: cold drawing and vacuum annealing heat treatment processes are adopted for drawing a 7075 aluminum alloy bar material with the diameter of 6mm into a 7075 aluminum alloy wire material with the diameter of 0.30mm, the wire drawing speed is 9m/min, when the pass accumulated deformation reaches 65%, vacuum annealing is carried out once, the vacuum annealing temperature is 380-320 ℃, and the annealing time is 25-20 min.
(8) Continuous electrolytic polishing and cleaning: the 7075 aluminum alloy wire is cleaned by continuous electrolytic polishing, the electrolytic current is 7A, the concentration of an alkali liquor is 5 percent by weight of NaOH solution, and the wire collecting speed is 12 m/min.
(9) Heat treatment straightening: argon is adopted for protection, the heat treatment temperature is 320 ℃, the wire moving speed is 6m/min, and the quartz tube is straightened.
The 7075 aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing is obtained, and experiments prove that the 7075 aluminum alloy wire is not easy to break and flow in a strand manner in the 3D printing process, the wire feeding rate is stable, the strength and the fluidity are good, the surface of a printed aluminum alloy workpiece is smooth and has no cracks, and the strength of a formed product is high.
Example 3
(1) Alloy proportioning: preparing 4kg of 7075 aluminum alloy, taking raw material powder according to the proportion of each component, and uniformly mixing the raw material powder, wherein the purity of the powder is more than or equal to 99.9%.
(2) And (3) pressing and forming: pressing into a mold by using a cold isostatic press, filling 7075 aluminum alloy powder into a rod-shaped rubber mold sleeve (phi 30 multiplied by 100 mm), sealing and putting into the cold isostatic press, wherein the pressing pressure is 200Mpa, and the pressure maintaining time is 120 s.
(3) Smelting in a vacuum induction furnace: and (3) smelting the 7075 aluminum alloy formed by pressing in an induction furnace, and fully stirring until the aluminum alloy is completely melted to obtain the molten aluminum alloy.
(4) Alloy casting: preheating the cast mould for later use, casting the melted 7075 aluminum alloy liquid into the preheated mould to form a 7075 aluminum alloy ingot with the diameter of 50mm, and carrying out homogenization annealing on the ingot, wherein the annealing temperature is 460 ℃ and the heat preservation time is 22 h.
(5) Forging: the forging equipment is a 500 kg air hammer, the heating temperature is 460 ℃, the heat preservation time is 10min, the initial forging temperature is 460 ℃, the final forging temperature is 360 ℃, and the 7075 aluminum alloy ingot is processed to an aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 18 mm.
(6) Hot rolling: the aluminum alloy rod is hot-rolled by a hot rolling mill, 12 passes of hot rolling are carried out, the deformation rate of each pass of hot rolling is 10-15% (the deformation rate is controlled by adjusting the roller mill spacing), the heating temperature is 460 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 12 min. A7075 aluminum alloy rod with the diameter of 18mm is processed to the diameter of 6mm, and the surface oxide skin is removed by using a NaOH solution with the concentration of 8%.
(7) Drawing the wire: cold drawing and vacuum annealing heat treatment processes are adopted for drawing a 7075 aluminum alloy bar material with the diameter of 6mm into a 7075 aluminum alloy wire material with the diameter of 0.50mm, the wire drawing speed is 8m/min, when the pass accumulated deformation reaches 75%, vacuum annealing is carried out once, the vacuum annealing temperature is 410-350 ℃, and the annealing time is 30-25 min.
(8) Continuous electrolytic polishing and cleaning: the 7075 aluminum alloy wire is cleaned by continuous electrolytic polishing, the electrolytic current is 9A, the concentration of an alkali liquor is 8 percent by weight of NaOH solution, and the wire collecting speed is 10 m/min.
(9) Heat treatment straightening: argon is adopted for protection, the heat treatment temperature is 350 ℃, the wire moving speed is 5m/min, and the quartz tube is straightened.
The 7075 aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing is obtained, and experiments prove that the 7075 aluminum alloy wire is not easy to break and flow in a strand manner in the 3D printing process, the wire feeding rate is stable, the strength and the fluidity are good, the surface of a printed aluminum alloy workpiece is smooth and has no cracks, and the strength of a formed product is high.
Note [1 ]: the 7075 aluminum alloy component is https:// wenku.baidu.com/view/41582726856a561253d 36f4b.html.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of an aluminum alloy wire for metal 3D printing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) ingredients
Taking raw material powder according to the proportion of 7075 aluminum alloy, and uniformly mixing;
2) and (3) pressing and forming:
filling the raw material powder obtained in the step 1) into a die sleeve, sealing, and performing compression molding to obtain a molded 7075 aluminum alloy;
3) smelting in a vacuum induction furnace:
smelting the 7075 aluminum alloy subjected to compression molding in the step 2), and fully stirring until the aluminum alloy is melted down to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
4) alloy casting:
preheating a casting mold, casting the melt in the step 3) into the mold to obtain a cast ingot, and carrying out homogenization annealing on the cast ingot;
5) forging:
heating the cast ingot at the heating temperature of 300-500 ℃, keeping the temperature for 10-20 min, beginning forging at the temperature of 430-460 ℃, and finishing forging at the temperature of 330-370 ℃, and processing the cast ingot into an aluminum alloy rod;
6) hot rolling:
step 5), carrying out multi-pass hot rolling on the aluminum alloy rod, wherein the hot rolling deformation processing rate of each pass is 10-15% until the diameter of the aluminum alloy rod is phi 4 mm-phi 8mm, and removing surface oxide skin;
7) drawing the wire:
carrying out cold drawing and vacuum annealing heat treatment on the hot-rolled aluminum alloy rod, drawing the hot-rolled aluminum alloy rod into a wire with the diameter of 0.10-0.50 mm, and carrying out vacuum annealing once when the pass accumulated deformation reaches 55-75%, wherein the vacuum annealing temperature is 410-300 ℃, and the annealing time is 30-20 min;
8) continuous electrolytic polishing and cleaning:
step 7), continuously carrying out electrolytic polishing and cleaning on the wire, wherein the electrolytic current is 5-10A, the concentration of alkali liquor is 5-10 wt% of NaOH solution, and the wire collecting speed is 10-15 m/min;
9) heat treatment straightening:
argon protection, heat treatment temperature of 350-300 ℃, wire feeding speed of 4-7 m/min, and straightening.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the pressure of the compression molding in the step 2) is 160-200 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60-120 s.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the annealing temperature in the step 4) is 350-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 16-24 h.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: and 5) the diameter of the aluminum alloy rod is phi 15 mm-18 mm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: and 6) carrying out hot rolling, wherein the single-pass deformation processing rate is 10-15%, the heating temperature is 350-450 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 7-15 min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: and (3) removing the surface oxide skin in the step 6) by adopting a NaOH solution with the concentration of 5-5%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: and 7) drawing at a speed of 8-10 m/min.
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CN118186320A (en) * | 2024-04-15 | 2024-06-14 | 北京航空航天大学宁波创新研究院 | Preparation method of high-strength high-plasticity additive manufacturing aluminum alloy |
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