CN110272081B - Desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system - Google Patents
Desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 128
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 3
- RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphur dioxide Chemical compound O=S=O RAHZWNYVWXNFOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/002—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by condensation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/18—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from the purification of gaseous effluents
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial energy conservation and environmental protection, and relates to a desulfurization wastewater zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system in a wet desulfurization process. The system comprises a gas-water heat exchanger, a water-water heat exchanger, an evaporation crystallizer, a gas-gas heat exchanger and a drainage expansion tank; the gas-water heat exchanger transfers heat in the high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas to heat medium water, the water-water heat exchanger transfers heat in the heat medium water to desulfurization wastewater, the evaporation crystallizer transfers heat in the desulfurization wastewater to vaporized water vapor, the steam-gas heat exchanger transfers heat in the water vapor to desulfurized clean flue gas, and the hydrophobic expansion tank stores liquid water after vapor condensation for recycling in other processes in a factory. The invention realizes the aims of clean treatment of desulfurization wastewater and elimination of gypsum rain and white smoke of a chimney, solves the problem of unbalanced water balance of the operation of the desulfurization tower, ensures safe and reliable operation of the desulfurization tower under variable working conditions, and reduces the operation cost of enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly relates to a zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system for desulfurization wastewater, which can be used for flue gas whitening in a wet desulfurization process and clean treatment of desulfurization wastewater.
Background
The Chinese energy structure is characterized by rich coal, lean oil and less gas, which determines that the energy source required by domestic industrial production is mainly coal, and the energy source accounts for about 70% of total energy consumption. The smoke exhaust of fire coal is a main source of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and smoke dust in the atmosphere environment, and the pollution of fire coal is still an important characteristic of the atmospheric pollution of China in a future period of time.
In order to improve the living environment of the national people, most of domestic coal production processes are successively completed with desulfurization, denitration and dust removal engineering improvement through efforts in recent years, which plays an important role in improving the quality of the atmosphere. In order to further improve the quality of the atmosphere, the environmental protection policy requirements for treating gypsum rain and colored smoke plume are issued in succession for the wet desulfurization production process from 2017 to date, and the environmental protection policy requirements are commonly called as 'smoke whitening' in industry. Along with the increasing implementation of the flue gas whitening projects, some new problems are generated in engineering application, wherein one of the more outstanding problems is the unbalanced water balance problem of the desulfurizing tower caused by the improper design or operation of the flue gas whitening system, which also brings about the phenomenon of increasing the discharge amount of the desulfurizing wastewater, increases the control difficulty of operators, promotes the operation cost of enterprises, and simultaneously causes pollution to natural environments to different degrees.
In addition, regarding the terminal treatment aspect of desulfurization wastewater at present, the main treatment technologies comprise an evaporation pond, a multi-stage flash evaporation, a low-temperature multi-effect evaporation crystallization, a mechanical vapor recompression technology, a flue evaporation method, a bypass flue drying method and the like, wherein the evaporation pond method has large occupied area, water is discharged into the atmosphere and cannot be recycled, so that water resource waste and environmental pollution are caused; the multi-stage flash evaporation, low-temperature multi-effect evaporation crystallization and mechanical vapor recompression technical method has high energy consumption, complex system and large investment; the flue evaporation and bypass flue drying method affects the operation of an original flue gas system, water in waste liquid cannot be recovered, and on the other hand, the water content of flue gas entering a wet desulfurization tower is increased, so that the operation parameters of desulfurization are affected. Along with the continuous upgrading of environmental protection policy requirements, the influence on the original system is small, and the technology for treating the wastewater with cleanness, environmental protection and low energy consumption is urgently required to be researched and applied.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a desulfurization wastewater zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system, which firstly uses the residual heat of high-temperature flue gas which is not desulfurized as a heat source for evaporation of desulfurization wastewater, and realizes clean treatment of the desulfurization wastewater through reasonable system parameter design; and then, the steam waste heat generated by the vaporization of the desulfurization waste water is used as a heat source for heating the clean flue gas, and finally, the condensed water of the steam is used as water supplement for other processes in the factory for recycling, so that the comprehensive treatment effects of flue gas whitening and zero emission of the desulfurization waste water are realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the system comprises a gas-water heat exchanger 1, a water-water heat exchanger 3, an evaporation crystallizer 6, a gas-gas heat exchanger 10 and a drainage expansion tank 12.
The gas-water heat exchanger 1 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell and heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, wherein the shell of the gas-water heat exchanger 1 is provided with a heat exchanger flue gas inlet 14 and a heat exchanger flue gas outlet 15; the gas-water heat exchanger 1 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower 16 and the raw flue gas flue, the heat exchanger flue gas inlet 14 is communicated with the raw flue gas flue, and the heat exchanger flue gas outlet 15 is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower 16.
The water-water heat exchanger 3 comprises a heat medium water pipeline and a waste water pipeline, wherein the water outlet of the heat medium water pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of the heat exchange pipe of the gas-water heat exchanger 1 through a heat medium water return main pipe 20, and the water return port of the heat medium water pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the heat exchange pipe of the gas-water heat exchanger 1 through a heat medium water supply main pipe 21.
The evaporation crystallizer 6 comprises an evaporation chamber 5 and a crystallization chamber 7; the upper part of the evaporation chamber 5 is provided with a vapor-liquid separator 8, the top is provided with a vapor discharge pipe 24, and the middle part is provided with a wastewater inlet; the upper part of the crystallization chamber 7 is provided with a waste water outlet; the waste water inlet of the evaporating chamber 5 is communicated with the water outlet of the waste water pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger 3 through a waste water supply main pipe 22, and the waste water outlet of the crystallizing chamber 7 is communicated with the water inlet of the waste water pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger 3 through a waste water return main pipe 23.
The steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell and heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, wherein the shell of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is provided with a clean flue gas inlet 17 and a clean flue gas outlet 18; the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower 16 and the chimney 19, the clean flue gas inlet 17 is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower 16 through a flue, and the clean flue gas outlet 18 is communicated with the chimney 19 through a flue; the inlet of the heat exchange tube of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is communicated with the steam exhaust tube 24 of the evaporating chamber 5 of the evaporating crystallizer 6.
The top of the drainage expansion tank 12 is provided with a steam condensate inlet and exhaust pipe 27, and the bottom is provided with a drainage outlet; the steam condensate inlet is communicated with the outlet of a heat exchange tube of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 through a hydrophobic tube 25; the drain port of the hydrophobic expansion tank 12 is connected to a water supply pipe 13.
The flue gas flow direction in the gas-water heat exchanger 1 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the heat exchange tubes.
The flow direction of the heating medium water in the heating medium water pipeline is opposite to the flow direction of the desulfurization wastewater in the wastewater pipeline, and a countercurrent heat exchange process is formed in the water-water heat exchanger 3.
The waste water backwater main pipe 23 is communicated with a waste water replenishing pipe 9 for replenishing new desulfurization waste water to the water-water heat exchanger 3.
The flue gas flow direction in the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the heat exchange tubes.
The bottom of the crystallization chamber 7 is provided with a crystallization outlet 26.
And the heat medium water return main pipe 20 is provided with a heat medium water circulating pump 2.
And a wastewater circulating pump 4 is arranged on the wastewater return main pipe 23.
The exhaust pipe 27 is provided with a vacuum pump 28.
The water supply pipe 13 is provided with a drain pump 11.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the desulfurization waste water zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system is applied to the energy-saving and environment-friendly fields of high-energy consumption industries such as electric power, building materials, steel, chemical industry and the like, and the working position is in a flue gas wet desulfurization process system, water is used as a heat carrier, and the heat of the high-temperature flue gas which is not desulfurized is sequentially used for the evaporation crystallization of the desulfurization waste water and the reheating and heating process of the clean flue gas after desulfurization based on the energy cascade utilization principle, so that the aims of clean treatment of the desulfurization waste water and elimination of gypsum rain and white smoke of a chimney are achieved.
2. The desulfurization wastewater zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system solves the problem of unbalanced balance of the operation water of the desulfurization tower caused by various factors, reduces the inlet flue gas temperature of the desulfurization tower, improves the desulfurization efficiency of the desulfurization tower, saves the operation water consumption rate of the desulfurization system, ensures safe and reliable operation of the desulfurization tower under variable working conditions, and reduces the operation cost of enterprises.
3. The desulfurization wastewater zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system effectively utilizes the heat of the high-temperature flue gas which is not desulfurized, improves the exhaust temperature of a chimney, obviously improves the phenomenon of white emission of the chimney, and simultaneously achieves the effect of protecting the tail flue and the chimney.
4. The desulfurization wastewater zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system effectively recovers moisture in desulfurization wastewater, realizes the desulfurization wastewater zero emission of enterprises, and has great economic and environmental benefits for enterprises and society.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the desulfurization wastewater zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system.
Wherein the reference numerals are as follows:
1 gas-water heat exchanger 2 heat medium water circulating pump
3 water-water heat exchanger 4 waste water circulating pump
5 evaporating chamber 6 evaporating crystallizer
7 crystallization chamber 8 vapour-liquid separator
9 waste water supplementing pipe 10 steam-gas heat exchanger
11 drain pump 12 drain expansion tank
13 water supply pipe 14 heat exchanger flue gas inlet
15 heat exchanger flue gas outlet 16 desulfurizing tower
17 clean flue gas inlet 18 clean flue gas outlet
19 chimney 20 heat medium water backwater main pipe
21 heat medium water supply main pipe 22 waste water supply main pipe
23 waste water return main pipe 24 exhaust pipe
25 drain 26 crystal discharge outlet
27 exhaust pipe 28 vacuum pump
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the desulfurization wastewater zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system comprises a gas-water heat exchanger 1, a water-water heat exchanger 3, an evaporation crystallizer 6, a gas-gas heat exchanger 10 and a drainage expansion tank 12.
The gas-water heat exchanger 1 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell and heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, wherein the shell of the gas-water heat exchanger 1 is provided with a heat exchanger flue gas inlet 14 and a heat exchanger flue gas outlet 15; the gas-water heat exchanger 1 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower 16 and the raw flue gas flue, the heat exchanger flue gas inlet 14 is communicated with the raw flue gas flue, and the heat exchanger flue gas outlet 15 is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower 16. The flue gas flow direction in the gas-water heat exchanger 1 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the heat exchange tubes.
The water-water heat exchanger 3 comprises a heat medium water pipeline and a waste water pipeline, wherein the water outlet of the heat medium water pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of the heat exchange pipe of the gas-water heat exchanger 1 through a heat medium water return main pipe 20, and the water return port of the heat medium water pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the heat exchange pipe of the gas-water heat exchanger 1 through a heat medium water supply main pipe 21; and the heat medium water return main pipe 20 is provided with a heat medium water circulating pump 2. The flow direction of the heating medium water in the heating medium water pipeline is opposite to the flow direction of the desulfurization wastewater in the wastewater pipeline, and a countercurrent heat exchange process is formed in the water-water heat exchanger 3.
The evaporation crystallizer 6 comprises an evaporation chamber 5 and a crystallization chamber 7, wherein a vapor-liquid separator 8 is arranged at the upper part of the evaporation chamber 5, a vapor discharge pipe 24 is arranged at the top part, and a wastewater inlet is arranged at the middle part; the bottom of the crystallization chamber 7 is provided with a crystallization outlet 26, and the upper part is provided with a waste water outlet. The waste water inlet of the evaporating chamber 5 is communicated with the water outlet of the waste water pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger 3 through a waste water supply main pipe 22, the waste water outlet of the crystallizing chamber 7 is communicated with the water inlet of the waste water pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger 3 through a waste water return main pipe 23, and the waste water return main pipe 23 is provided with a waste water circulating pump 4.
Preferably, the waste water backwater main pipe 23 is communicated with a waste water replenishing pipe 9 for replenishing new desulfurization waste water to the water-water heat exchanger 3.
The steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell and heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, wherein the shell of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is provided with a clean flue gas inlet 17 and a clean flue gas outlet 18; the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is arranged between the desulfurizing tower 16 and the chimney 19, the clean flue gas inlet 17 is communicated with the flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower 16 through a flue, and the clean flue gas outlet 18 is communicated with the chimney 19 through a flue. The inlet of the heat exchange tube of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is communicated with the steam exhaust tube 24 of the evaporating chamber 5 of the evaporating crystallizer 6. The flue gas flow direction in the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the heat exchange tubes.
The top of the drainage expansion tank 12 is provided with a steam condensate inlet and exhaust pipe 27, and the bottom is provided with a drainage outlet; the steam condensate inlet is communicated with the outlet of a heat exchange tube of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 through a hydrophobic tube 25, and a vacuum pump 28 is arranged on the exhaust tube 27; the water outlet of the drainage expansion tank 12 is connected with a water supply pipe 13, the water supply pipe 13 is connected with other process systems (such as a water replenishing main pipe of a desulfurization process water tank and the like) in a factory, and the water supply pipe 13 is provided with a drainage pump 11.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the gas-water heat exchanger 1 transfers heat in high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas to heat medium water, the water-water heat exchanger 3 transfers heat in heat medium water to desulfurized wastewater, the evaporation crystallizer 6 transfers heat in desulfurized wastewater to vaporized water vapor, the gas-gas heat exchanger 10 transfers heat in water vapor to desulfurized clean flue gas, and the hydrophobic expansion tank 12 stores liquid water after vapor condensation for recycling in other processes in a factory.
The high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas enters the gas-water heat exchanger 1 from an original flue gas flue through a flue gas inlet 14 of the heat exchanger, the high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas transversely washes the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, low-temperature heat medium water from a heat medium water return main tube 20 enters the heat exchange tube of the gas-water heat exchanger 1, the heat medium water longitudinally washes the inner wall of the heat exchange tube, the high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas transfers heat to the heat medium water through the tube wall of the heat exchange tube, the high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas releases heat and is discharged into the desulfurizing tower 16 from a flue gas outlet 15 of the heat exchanger after being cooled, and the low-temperature heat medium water absorbs heat and heats up and then enters the water-water heat exchanger 3 from a heat medium water supply main tube 21, so that the heat exchange process of the high-temperature flue gas and the heat medium water is completed.
The high-temperature heat medium water from the heat medium water supply main pipe 21 enters the heat medium water side of the water-water heat exchanger 3, the low-temperature desulfurization waste water from the waste water return main pipe 23 enters the waste water side of the water-water heat exchanger 3 under the drive of the waste water circulating pump 4, the two types of water reversely flow to complete the heat exchange process, the heat medium water is discharged from the heat medium water return main pipe 20 after the heat release and the temperature reduction, the heat medium water enters the gas-water heat exchanger 1 under the drive of the heat medium water circulating pump 2, and the low-temperature desulfurization waste water is discharged from the waste water supply main pipe 22 after the heat absorption and the temperature increase and enters the evaporation crystallizer 6, so that the heat exchange process of the high-temperature heat medium water and the low-temperature desulfurization waste water is realized. In addition, in order to supplement the water lost by the evaporation and the crystallization of the evaporation crystallizer 6, new low-temperature desulfurization wastewater is subjected to water supplementing operation to the water-water heat exchanger 3 through the wastewater supplementing pipe 9, and the wastewater supplementing amount is controlled by the liquid level of the crystallization chamber 7.
The high-temperature desulfurization wastewater enters an evaporation chamber 5 of an evaporation crystallizer 6 through a wastewater supply main pipe 22, part of water in the high-temperature desulfurization wastewater absorbs heat and is vaporized, entrained fog drops are removed through a vapor-liquid separator 8, and the fog drops are discharged through a steam discharge pipe 24 and enter a vapor-gas heat exchanger 10; the desulfurization waste water is evaporated and concentrated and then enters a lower crystallization chamber 7 for crystallization, a crystallization product is deposited at the bottom of the crystallization chamber 7 and is discharged from a crystallization outlet 26, the uncrystallized desulfurization waste water floats on the upper part of the crystallization chamber 7 and enters a water-water heat exchanger 3 through a waste water return main pipe 23 by a waste water circulating pump 4, thereby completing the evaporation, concentration and crystallization process of the desulfurization waste water and transferring heat in the waste water into discharged steam.
The low-temperature clean flue gas from the desulfurizing tower 16 enters the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 through the clean flue gas inlet 17, the clean flue gas transversely washes the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, the high-temperature steam from the steam exhaust tube 24 enters the heat exchange tube of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10, the low-temperature clean flue gas completes the heat exchange process with the high-temperature steam through the heat exchange tube wall, the low-temperature clean flue gas absorbs heat and heats up, is emptied by the chimney 19 through the clean flue gas outlet 18, and the high-temperature steam releases heat and cools down and condenses into liquid water, and then enters the hydrophobic expansion tank 12 for storage through the hydrophobic tube 25, thereby completing the heat exchange process of the high-temperature steam and the low-temperature clean flue gas.
The steam condensate water from the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 enters the drainage expansion tank 12 through the drainage pipe 25, non-condensed gas in the drainage expansion tank 12 is discharged through the exhaust pipe 27 by the vacuum pump 28, the liquid level of the drainage expansion tank is provided with an upper limit and a lower limit, and when the liquid level is higher than the upper limit, the drainage pump 11 is started to supply water to other process systems in a factory through the water supply pipe 13, so that the storage and recycling of the steam condensate water are realized.
The high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas with the temperature of 130-150 ℃ firstly enters the gas-water heat exchanger 1 through the flue gas inlet 14 of the heat exchanger, the high-temperature non-desulfurized flue gas releases heat and is cooled to below 110 ℃, then enters the desulfurizing tower 16 through the flue gas outlet 15 of the heat exchanger, the low-temperature clean flue gas with the temperature of about 48 ℃ after desulfurization enters the gas-gas heat exchanger 10 through the clean flue gas inlet 17, and the clean flue gas with the temperature of more than 65 ℃ is exhausted through the chimney 19 through the clean flue gas outlet 18; the low-temperature heat medium water at about 85 ℃ enters the air-water heat exchanger 1 through the heat medium water backwater main pipe 20 under the drive of the heat medium water circulating pump 2, absorbs heat and heats up to about 110 ℃ and then enters the water-water heat exchanger 3 through the heat medium water main pipe 21; the low-temperature wastewater at 80 ℃ from the wastewater backwater main pipe 23 enters the water-water heat exchanger 3 under the driving action of the wastewater circulating pump 4, the low-temperature wastewater absorbs heat and rises to about 100 ℃ and enters the evaporative crystallizer 6 through the wastewater water supply main pipe 22, the high-temperature hot medium water releases heat and lowers the temperature to about 85 ℃ and is discharged to the gas-water heat exchanger 1 through the hot medium water backwater main pipe 20; the waste water with the temperature of about 100 ℃ from the desulfurization waste water supply main pipe 22 enters an evaporation chamber 5 at the upper part of an evaporation crystallizer 6, part of water in the waste water with the temperature of about 100 ℃ absorbs heat and is gasified into steam with the temperature of about 80 ℃, the steam with the temperature of about 80 ℃ enters a steam-gas heat exchanger 10 through a steam exhaust pipe 24, the desulfurization concentrated waste water cooled to the temperature of about 80 ℃ after heat release enters a crystallization chamber 7 at the lower part of the evaporation crystallizer 6, the desulfurization waste water completes the crystallization process in the crystallization chamber 7, a crystallization product is discharged through a crystallization outlet 26, the low-temperature waste water with the temperature of about 80 ℃ which is not crystallized is accumulated at the upper part of the crystallization chamber 7 and is discharged through a waste water return main pipe 23, and the new desulfurization waste water is supplemented to the waste water return main pipe 23 by arranging a waste water supplementing pipe 9; steam at about 80 ℃ from the steam exhaust pipe 24 enters a heat exchange pipe of the steam-gas heat exchanger 10 to exchange heat with low-temperature clean flue gas outside the pipe, the steam releases heat and reduces the temperature to be condensed to liquid water at about 75 ℃, the liquid water enters the drainage expansion tank 12 through the drainage pipe 25, the drainage expansion tank 12 evacuates non-condensable gas in the tank through the exhaust pipe 27 through the vacuum pump 28, and the condensed water is discharged through the water supply pipe 13 under the driving of the drainage pump 11 and is reused as water supplement for other processes in a factory.
The zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system for the desulfurization wastewater utilizes the gas-water heat exchanger 1 to transfer heat in high-temperature non-desulfurization flue gas into heat medium water, the high-temperature heat medium water enters the water-water heat exchanger 3 to heat the desulfurization wastewater, the heated desulfurization wastewater is sent to the evaporation crystallizer 6 to complete evaporation and crystallization processes, vaporized steam is sent to the gas-gas heat exchanger 10 to heat clean flue gas, the clean flue gas absorbs heat and heats, the clean flue gas is exhausted through a chimney 19, steam condensate water is discharged to the drainage expansion tank 12, and the condensate water is supplied to other process systems in a factory through the water supply pipe 13. Finally, the temperature of the clean flue gas is raised to more than 65 ℃, the white-emitting phenomenon of an industrial chimney is relieved, and the clean recovery target of the reclaimed water in the desulfurization wastewater is realized.
Claims (10)
1. The zero-emission coupling flue gas whitening integrated system for desulfurization wastewater is characterized in that: the system comprises a gas-water heat exchanger (1), a water-water heat exchanger (3), an evaporation crystallizer (6), a gas-gas heat exchanger (10) and a drainage expansion tank (12);
the gas-water heat exchanger (1) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell and heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, wherein the shell of the gas-water heat exchanger (1) is provided with a heat exchanger flue gas inlet (14) and a heat exchanger flue gas outlet (15); the gas-water heat exchanger (1) is arranged between the desulfurizing tower (16) and the original flue gas flue, the flue gas inlet (14) of the heat exchanger is communicated with the original flue gas flue, and the flue gas outlet (15) of the heat exchanger is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the desulfurizing tower (16);
the water-water heat exchanger (3) comprises a heat medium water pipeline and a waste water pipeline, wherein the water outlet of the heat medium water pipeline is communicated with the water inlet of the heat exchange pipe of the gas-water heat exchanger (1) through a heat medium water return main pipe (20), and the water return port of the heat medium water pipeline is communicated with the water outlet of the heat exchange pipe of the gas-water heat exchanger (1) through a heat medium water supply main pipe (21);
the evaporation crystallizer (6) comprises an evaporation chamber (5) and a crystallization chamber (7); the upper part of the evaporation chamber (5) is provided with a vapor-liquid separator (8), the top is provided with a vapor discharge pipe (24), and the middle part is provided with a wastewater inlet; the upper part of the crystallization chamber (7) is provided with a waste water outlet; the waste water inlet of the evaporating chamber (5) is communicated with the water outlet of the waste water pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger (3) through a waste water supply main pipe (22), and the waste water outlet of the crystallizing chamber (7) is communicated with the water inlet of the waste water pipeline of the water-water heat exchanger (3) through a waste water return main pipe (23);
the steam-gas heat exchanger (10) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger and comprises a shell and heat exchange tubes arranged in the shell, wherein the shell of the steam-gas heat exchanger (10) is provided with a clean flue gas inlet (17) and a clean flue gas outlet (18); the steam-gas heat exchanger (10) is arranged between the desulfurizing tower (16) and the chimney (19), the clean flue gas inlet (17) is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the desulfurizing tower (16) through a flue, and the clean flue gas outlet (18) is communicated with the chimney (19) through a flue; the inlet of the heat exchange tube of the steam-gas heat exchanger (10) is communicated with a steam exhaust tube (24) of an evaporation chamber (5) of the evaporation crystallizer (6);
the top of the drainage expansion tank (12) is provided with a steam condensate inlet and an exhaust pipe (27), and the bottom of the drainage expansion tank is provided with a drainage outlet; the steam condensate inlet is communicated with the outlet of a heat exchange tube of the steam-gas heat exchanger (10) through a hydrophobic tube (25); the drain outlet of the drain expansion tank (12) is connected with a water supply pipe (13).
2. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: the flue gas flow direction in the gas-water heat exchanger (1) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the heat exchange tubes.
3. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: the flow direction of the heating medium water in the heating medium water pipeline is opposite to the flow direction of the desulfurization wastewater in the wastewater pipeline, and a countercurrent heat exchange process is formed in the water-water heat exchanger (3).
4. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: the waste water backwater main pipe (23) is communicated with a waste water replenishing pipe (9) for replenishing new desulfurization waste water to the water-water heat exchanger (3).
5. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: the flue gas flow direction in the steam-gas heat exchanger (10) is perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the heat exchange tubes.
6. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the crystallization chamber (7) is provided with a crystallization outlet (26).
7. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: and a heat medium water circulating pump (2) is arranged on the heat medium water backwater main pipe (20).
8. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: and a wastewater circulating pump (4) is arranged on the wastewater backwater main pipe (23).
9. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: the exhaust pipe (27) is provided with a vacuum pump (28).
10. The desulfurization wastewater zero release coupling flue gas whitening integrated system according to claim 1, wherein: the water supply pipe (13) is provided with a drain pump (11).
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