CN110265109B - Combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system and control method - Google Patents
Combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system, which comprises a plurality of intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets, a gateway, an application server and a database server, wherein the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets are networked through a 485 bus and are communicated with the gateway, the application server is connected with the gateway, various instructions are issued to the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets through the gateway, related data are acquired, and finally the data are stored in the database server. The method mainly solves the problems of insufficient informatization and automation of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy in the current hospital, low efficiency of traditional Chinese medicine prescription allocation, easy error and the like, can realize inventory-free and automatic prescription allocation of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy, improves the working efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy, and reduces error rate and loss.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of information automation of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy, in particular to a combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system and a control method.
Background
At present, most of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacies in hospitals are in a manual operation stage. After the doctor makes the prescription, the doctor flows to the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy through the HIS system of the hospital and distributes to specific pharmacists for blending. Each pharmacist uses a workbench independently or a plurality of pharmacists use a workbench to manually grasp medicine according to prescriptions, weigh and package, and then the auditors audit the medicine. The pharmacy also needs to inventory at regular intervals, calculate losses, etc. The manual operation procedures are complicated, the efficiency is low, and errors are easy to occur. A semi-automatic traditional Chinese medicine granule preparation system is introduced into part of hospital pharmacy, the system stores granular traditional Chinese medicines in traditional Chinese medicine tanks, a machine selects the traditional Chinese medicine tanks according to prescriptions and computer prompts, and the traditional Chinese medicine tanks are loaded to an operation table for weighing and preparation; the console is equipped with a small number (typically less than 10) of interfaces to interface with the canister. If the number of interfaces on the console is exceeded by the variety of Chinese medicine in a prescription, batch operations are required. The system improves the working efficiency to a certain extent, but still requires a great deal of manual intervention, and the computer only plays a role in auxiliary prompt.
In addition, the quality of the layout of the traditional Chinese medicine cabinet can influence the speed of the pharmacist for picking medicines. If, for example, several medicaments that are often present in the same prescription are arranged adjacent to the cabinet, the prescription must be grasped at a faster rate. It is desirable to find a method for controlling the combined layout of the Chinese medicine cabinets, so that the grasping speed can be better for all Chinese medicine prescriptions. According to the investigation, we found that there is currently no better method for this problem. Therefore, we invented a traditional Chinese medicine cabinet combination layout control method and an intelligent system.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to provide a combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system and a control method thereof, which mainly solve the problems of insufficient informatization and automation of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacies in the current hospitals, low traditional Chinese medicine prescription allocation efficiency, easy error and the like, can realize inventory-free and automatic prescription allocation of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacies, improve the working efficiency of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacies, and reduce error rate and loss.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system comprises a plurality of intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets, a gateway, an application server and a database server, wherein the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets are networked through 485 buses and are communicated with the gateway, the application server is connected with the gateway, various instructions are issued to the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets through the gateway, related data are acquired, and final data are stored in the database server.
Further, the single intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet comprises a weight sensor, a first 485 communication module, a first singlechip, a first power supply module and a liquid crystal display screen; the first power supply module provides working voltage for the whole intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet, and the weight sensor, the first 485 communication module and the liquid crystal display are all connected with the first singlechip.
Further, the gateway comprises a second 485 communication module, a second singlechip, a second power supply module and a network module; the second power supply module provides working voltage for the whole gateway, the second 485 communication module and the network module are connected with the second singlechip, the first 485 communication module is connected with the second 485 communication module, and the network module is connected with the application server.
The utility model further aims at providing a control method of the combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system, which comprises the following steps:
step (1) a plurality of intelligent Chinese medicine cabinets are laid out, and each intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet is filled with medicinal materials;
step (2) initializing each intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet through an application server;
step (3) a doctor of the HIS system issues a traditional Chinese medicine prescription;
the application server receives the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, forms a prescription queue, preprocesses the prescription queue, and generates prescription allocation instructions, namely weighing instructions are generated for each medicinal material in the prescriptions, the weighing instructions are issued to the gateway, and the gateway is responsible for transmitting the instructions;
the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet receives an instruction from the gateway, analyzes the instruction, finishes weighing specified by the instruction, and sends a feedback instruction back to the gateway after the operation is finished;
step (6), the application server receives a feedback instruction from the gateway, judges whether the whole prescription is allocated, and waits if the whole prescription is not allocated; if so, updating the prescription status to complete.
Further, in the step (4), the pretreatment process is to adjust the order of prescription Chinese medicinal materials according to the conflict of a plurality of prescription Chinese medicinal materials in the queue; the prescription assignment instruction format is: header + gateway segment + address bits + function code + data bits + CRC check code.
Further, the specific method for arranging the plurality of intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets in the step (1) is as follows:
the method is divided into two stages, namely a rough layout stage and a precise layout stage:
(1) In the general layout stage:
assuming a total of n Chinese medicine prescriptions containing a total of m medicaments, one can construct a feature matrix A as follows:
in the matrix, each row represents a prescription of a traditional Chinese medicine, and each column represents a medicament; since evaluating the similarity of prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines only requires to see whether they contain the same medicine, and does not require to consider the dosage of each medicine, the matrix A can be regarded as a 0-1 sparse matrix, and if the prescription 1 contains medicine 1, the 1 st row and 1 st column a of the matrix 11 1 is shown in the specification; if prescription 1 does not contain agent 2, row 1, column 2 a of the matrix 12 0, and so on;
with the feature matrix, clustering all prescriptions by using a clustering algorithm k-means in machine learning, and calculating the distances between every two prescriptions of all traditional Chinese medicines in each class after clustering by using Manhattan distance; setting a proportion threshold p, wherein the same medicament contained in the prescriptions of the same class after clustering is required to occupy more than p of the total medicament quantity of all prescriptions, and the k value can be determined through experimental trial;
when the clustering is completed, the medicines contained in the same type of prescriptions can be approximately laid out, and all medicines contained in the same type of prescriptions are laid out in a block area of a traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy; however, the specific location of each agent in each zone is still not defined and requires further precise placement;
(2) An accurate layout stage:
at this stage, two features need to be considered, the first being the frequency c at which these agents occur (i.e., the number of times these agents occur in all prescriptions of that class); the second characteristic is the time t required by the pharmacist to grasp each medicament each time; according to these two features, calculating the total time spent by the pharmacist in grasping each of the medicaments t=c×t;
according to T, the medicines can be ordered from high to low, namely the specific positions of the medicines can be determined, the medicines arranged at the most central position of the area are arranged at the highest positions, and the medicines arranged at the lowest positions are distributed at the edges of the area.
Further, initializing the setting in step (2) includes: the intelligent single cabinet is set with the corresponding information of the traditional Chinese medicine.
Further, the step (5) of completing the corresponding operation of the instruction includes triggering a weight sensor to complete weighing.
The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: aiming at the problems of large occupied area and inflexible arrangement of the traditional Chinese medicine cabinet, the utility model adopts the combined layout, can flexibly combine and arrange according to the size and the shape of a Chinese medicine pharmacy, improves the space utilization rate of the Chinese medicine pharmacy, and is beneficial to improving the prescription allocation efficiency. The utility model adopts the weighing sensor to finish automatic weighing of the traditional Chinese medicine, can solve the problems of inaccurate weighing, slow blending speed and low efficiency in the traditional Chinese medicine prescription blending, and avoids the problems of incorrect grasp caused by manual operation and missing grasp. Through automatic weighing, the medicinal material allowance is recorded in real time, and inventory of the traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a system block diagram;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a single intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a gateway;
FIG. 4 is an intelligent single cabinet state transition diagram;
fig. 5 is a general flow chart.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, the same numbers in different drawings refer to the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The implementations described in the following exemplary examples are not representative of all implementations consistent with the present application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the accompanying claims.
As shown in fig. 1, the combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system provided by the utility model comprises a plurality of intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets, a gateway, an application server and a database server, wherein the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets are networked through a 485 bus and are communicated with the gateway, the application server is connected with the gateway, various instructions are issued to the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets through the gateway, related data are obtained, and finally the data are stored in the database server.
The intelligent Chinese medicine cabinets are suitable for the layout of Chinese medicine rooms with different sizes and shapes, and are called as combined intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet systems. The single intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet (called intelligent single cabinet or single cabinet for short) has at least automatic weighing function, and of course also can temperature and humidity monitoring, information output (display screen, pilot lamp) etc. functions, and the system that a plurality of intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets networking constituted has the function of assisting pharmacist's traditional chinese medicine allotment according to the prescription to ensure traditional chinese medicine allotment safety and traditional chinese medicine quality.
As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present application, a single intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet includes a weight sensor, a first 485 communication module, a first singlechip, a first power supply module, and a liquid crystal display; the first power supply module provides working voltage for the whole intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet, and the weight sensor, the first 485 communication module and the liquid crystal display are all connected with the first singlechip. The intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet realizes real-time conversion of 485 communication protocols and network communication protocols, wherein a single intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet is communicated with a server through a network module, data are packed and transmitted to the server, a control command of the server is received, the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet is communicated with a first singlechip through a first 485 communication module, data processing of a gateway module of the traditional Chinese medicine cabinet is completed through an STM32 singlechip module, and power is supplied to other modules through a power supply circuit module. The single intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet in this embodiment can be referred to in the patent with publication number CN206671831U, but is not limited thereto.
As shown in fig. 3, in an embodiment of the present application, the gateway includes a second 485 communication module, a second singlechip, a second power supply module, and a network module; the second power supply module provides working voltage for the whole gateway, the second 485 communication module and the network module are connected with the second singlechip, the first 485 communication module is connected with the second 485 communication module, and the network module is connected with the application server.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, each intelligent single cabinet has 4 states: initial, normal standby, insufficient dosage, dispensing. The transfer process between the 4 states is shown in fig. 3, the intelligent single cabinet which is not configured is in an initial state, and enters a normal standby state after initialization configuration and charge completion; if the detected dosage is lower than the early warning value, the medicine enters a dosage shortage state, and after the medicine is replenished, the medicine returns to a normal standby state; if a prescription allocation instruction is received in a normal standby state, unlocking is carried out to enter an allocation state, and after allocation is completed, locking is carried out to return to the normal standby state.
As shown in fig. 5, corresponding to the embodiment of the foregoing apparatus, the present application further provides a control method of a combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system, where the method includes the following steps:
step (1) a plurality of intelligent Chinese medicine cabinets are laid out, and each intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet is filled with medicinal materials;
step (2) initializing each intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet through an application server; further, initializing the setting in step (2) includes: the intelligent single cabinet is set with the corresponding information of the traditional Chinese medicine.
Step (3) a doctor of the HIS system issues a traditional Chinese medicine prescription;
the application server receives the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, forms a prescription queue, preprocesses the prescription queue, and generates prescription allocation instructions, namely weighing instructions are generated for each medicinal material in the prescriptions, the weighing instructions are issued to the gateway, and the gateway is responsible for transmitting the instructions; the pretreatment process is to adjust the order of prescription Chinese medicinal materials according to the conflict of a plurality of prescription Chinese medicinal materials in a queue; the prescription assignment instruction format is: header + gateway segment + address bits + function code + data bits + CRC check code, for example: 0x15 0x01 0x01 0x77 0x00 0x32 0x0F 0x2D, wherein the data bits and CRC check code are each 2 bytes and the other 1 byte.
The intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet receives an instruction from the gateway, analyzes the instruction, finishes weighing specified by the instruction, and sends a feedback instruction back to the gateway after the operation is finished; the corresponding operation of the completion instruction comprises triggering the weight sensor to complete weighing.
Step (6), the application server receives a feedback instruction from the gateway, judges whether the whole prescription is allocated, and waits if the whole prescription is not allocated; if so, updating the prescription status to complete.
In an embodiment of the present application, the specific method for laying out the plurality of intelligent Chinese medicine cabinets in the step (1) is as follows:
the method is divided into two stages, namely a rough layout stage and a precise layout stage:
(1) In the general layout stage:
assuming a total of n Chinese medicine prescriptions containing a total of m medicaments, one can construct a feature matrix A as follows:
in the matrix, each row represents a prescription of a traditional Chinese medicine, and each column represents a medicament; due to the evaluation ofThe similarity of the prescriptions of the price traditional Chinese medicines only needs to see whether they contain the same medicament or not, and does not need to consider the dosage of each medicament, so the matrix A can be regarded as a 0-1 sparse matrix, and if the prescription 1 contains the medicament 1, the 1 st row and the 1 st column a of the matrix 11 1 is shown in the specification; if prescription 1 does not contain agent 2, row 1, column 2 a of the matrix 12 0, and so on;
with the feature matrix described above, a clustering algorithm k-means in machine learning is applied to cluster all prescriptions, where the choice of the most important parameter k in the clustering algorithm k-means is very important. For different problems, the k-value selection tends to be different for different data sets. In our problem, if the k value is too small, the total number of clusters is small, so that the prescription difference in each class is large, which is unfavorable for layout; if the k value is too large, the total number of clusters is large, which is also unfavorable for layout. Thus, we need to determine an appropriate k value.
In order to determine the k value, firstly, calculating the distance between every two prescriptions of all traditional Chinese medicines in various clustered traditional Chinese medicines by using a Manhattan distance; the smaller the manhattan distance, the more similar the two prescriptions are, and when the manhattan distance is 0, the medicament formulas of the two prescriptions are identical; also, the manhattan distance may represent the number of different medications between two prescriptions. Therefore, we can set a ratio threshold p, and ask that the same medicine contained in the prescriptions of the same class after clustering must occupy more than p of the total medicine quantity of all prescriptions, i.e. a more proper k value can be determined through experimental trial.
When the clustering is completed, the medicines contained in the same type of prescriptions can be approximately laid out, and all medicines contained in the same type of prescriptions are laid out in a block area of a traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy; however, the specific location of each agent in each zone is still not defined and requires further precise placement;
(2) An accurate layout stage:
at this stage, two features need to be considered, the first being the frequency c at which these agents occur (i.e., the number of times these agents occur in all prescriptions of that class); the second characteristic is the time t required by the pharmacist to grasp each medicament each time; according to these two features, calculating the total time spent by the pharmacist in grasping each of the medicaments t=c×t;
according to T, the medicines can be ordered from high to low, namely the specific positions of the medicines can be determined, the medicines arranged at the most central position of the area are arranged at the highest positions, and the medicines arranged at the lowest positions are distributed at the edges of the area.
Examples of this section:
assuming a total of 20 prescriptions containing a total of 50 medications, each prescription can be represented as a 50-dimensional vector, constituting a feature matrix of:
| prescription numbering | Medicament 1 | Medicament 2 | Medicament 3 | …… | Medicament 50 |
| 1 | |||||
| 2 | |||||
| 3 | |||||
| … | |||||
| 20 |
From these feature vectors we cluster them using the k-means algorithm. We can set a ratio threshold p=0.8, i.e. it means that the same agent contained in the prescriptions of the same class after clustering must account for more than 80% of the total agent number of all prescriptions of the class. K is then experimentally started from 2, and each time 1 is added to try to determine the appropriate k value. Assuming that k=5 is found by the experiment, the threshold condition can be satisfied. We can determine that all prescriptions are classified into 5 categories and divide the cabinet into 5 non-overlapping areas.
It is assumed that prescriptions 1,3,6, 15 after clustering fall into the same class. These four prescriptions contain 10 identical medications, of which medication 2 is the most difficult one to grasp. Therefore, according to the statistical ordering of the T values, the T value of the agent 2 is the largest, and is laid out in the center of an area; other agents are laid out around a central location according to the magnitude of the T value, the smaller the T value the farther from the central location.
It should be noted that, of course, in some cases, the T value corresponding to a certain drug may be very large, and may be several times or even tens of times that of other drugs. For this case, we can add 1 or more drug cabinets for storing this drug. The prescription grabbing device can enable different pharmacists to parallelly process the prescriptions when grabbing the prescriptions, and therefore the overall efficiency of prescription grabbing can be greatly improved.
It should be noted that the "first" and "second" mentioned in this embodiment do not represent an absolute distinction relationship in structure or function, but are merely for convenience of description. Other embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the application being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, which have been described above, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the application is limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. The control method of the combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step (1) a plurality of intelligent Chinese medicine cabinets are laid out, and each intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet is filled with medicinal materials; the specific method for arranging the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets comprises the following steps:
the method is divided into two stages, namely a rough layout stage and a precise layout stage:
in the general layout stage:
assuming a total of m prescriptions for a total of n medications, a feature matrix a can be constructed as follows:
in the matrix, each row represents a prescription of a traditional Chinese medicine, and each column represents a medicament; since evaluating the similarity of prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicines only requires to see whether they contain the same medicine, and does not require to consider the dosage of each medicine, the matrix A can be regarded as a 0-1 sparse matrix, and if the prescription 1 contains medicine 1, the 1 st row and 1 st column a of the matrix 11 1 is shown in the specification; if prescription 1 does not contain agent 2, row 1, column 2 a of the matrix 12 0, and so on;
with the feature matrix, clustering all prescriptions by using a clustering algorithm k-means in machine learning, and calculating the distances between every two prescriptions of all traditional Chinese medicines in each class after clustering by using Manhattan distance; setting a proportion threshold p, wherein the same medicament contained in the prescriptions of the same class after clustering is required to occupy more than p of the total medicament quantity of all prescriptions, and the k value can be determined through experimental trial;
when the clustering is completed, the medicines contained in the same type of prescriptions can be approximately laid out, and all medicines contained in the same type of prescriptions are laid out in a block area of a traditional Chinese medicine pharmacy; however, the specific location of each agent in each zone is still not defined and requires further precise placement;
an accurate layout stage:
at this stage, two features need to be considered, the first being the frequency c at which these agents occur, i.e. the number of times these agents occur in all prescriptions of that class; the second characteristic is the time t required by the pharmacist to grasp each medicament each time; according to these two features, calculating the total time spent by the pharmacist in grasping each of the medicaments t=c×t;
according to T, the medicines can be ordered from high to low, namely the specific positions of the medicines can be determined, the medicines arranged at the most central position of the area are arranged at the highest positions, and the medicines arranged at the lowest positions are distributed at the edges of the area;
step (2) initializing each intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet through an application server;
step (3) a doctor of the HIS system issues a traditional Chinese medicine prescription;
the application server receives the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions, forms a prescription queue, preprocesses the prescription queue, and generates prescription allocation instructions, namely weighing instructions are generated for each medicinal material in the prescriptions, the weighing instructions are issued to the gateway, and the gateway is responsible for transmitting the instructions;
the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet receives an instruction from the gateway, analyzes the instruction, finishes weighing specified by the instruction, and sends a feedback instruction back to the gateway after the operation is finished;
step (6), the application server receives a feedback instruction from the gateway, judges whether the whole prescription is allocated, and waits if the whole prescription is not allocated; if so, updating the prescription status to complete.
2. The method for controlling a combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the pretreatment process is to adjust the order of prescription traditional Chinese medicine according to the conflict of a plurality of prescription traditional Chinese medicine in a queue; the prescription assignment instruction format is: header + gateway segment + address bits + function code + data bits + CRC check code.
3. The method for controlling a combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system according to claim 1, wherein the initializing the setting in the step (2) comprises: the intelligent single cabinet is set with the corresponding information of the traditional Chinese medicine.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step (5) of completing the operation corresponding to the instruction includes triggering the weight sensor to complete the weighing.
5. The combined intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system and the control method for realizing any one of claims 1-4 are characterized by comprising a plurality of intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets, a gateway, an application server and a database server, wherein the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets are networked through a 485 bus and are communicated with the gateway, the application server is connected with the gateway, various instructions are issued to the intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinets through the gateway, related data are obtained, and final data are stored in the database server.
6. The combination intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet system according to claim 5, wherein the single intelligent Chinese medicine cabinet comprises a weight sensor, a first 485 communication module, a first singlechip, a first power supply module and a liquid crystal display; the first power supply module provides working voltage for the whole intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet, and the weight sensor, the first 485 communication module and the liquid crystal display are all connected with the first singlechip.
7. The combination intelligent traditional Chinese medicine cabinet system according to claim 5, wherein the gateway comprises a second 485 communication module, a second singlechip, a second power supply module and a network module; the second power supply module provides working voltage for the whole gateway, the second 485 communication module and the network module are connected with the second singlechip, the first 485 communication module is connected with the second 485 communication module, and the network module is connected with the application server.
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