CN110259370B - Ladder stand with self-adaptive adjustment inclination angle and stepping kept horizontal all the time - Google Patents
Ladder stand with self-adaptive adjustment inclination angle and stepping kept horizontal all the time Download PDFInfo
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- CN110259370B CN110259370B CN201910534284.5A CN201910534284A CN110259370B CN 110259370 B CN110259370 B CN 110259370B CN 201910534284 A CN201910534284 A CN 201910534284A CN 110259370 B CN110259370 B CN 110259370B
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- rotating shafts
- rotating shaft
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- rear rotating
- shaft
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- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 29
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000009193 crawling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
- E06C7/08—Special construction of longitudinal members, or rungs or other treads
- E06C7/082—Connections between rungs or treads and longitudinal members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
- E06C7/18—Devices for preventing persons from falling
- E06C7/181—Additional gripping devices, e.g. handrails
- E06C7/183—Additional gripping devices, e.g. handrails situated along the ladder
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
- E06C—LADDERS
- E06C9/00—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes
- E06C9/06—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted
- E06C9/08—Ladders characterised by being permanently attached to fixed structures, e.g. fire escapes movably mounted with rigid longitudinal members
Abstract
The invention discloses a cat ladder with an inclination angle capable of being adjusted in a self-adaptive mode and a stepping kept horizontal all the time, and solves the technical problems that the stepping cannot be always horizontal in the prior art, so that applicability is poor, the bottom of the water cat ladder is easy to suspend or submerge, safety is poor, and economical efficiency is poor. The invention comprises a main bearing beam, a pedal, a longitudinal long connecting rod and a double rotating shaft; the double rotating shafts are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the pedal and comprise a front rotating shaft and a rear rotating shaft; the longitudinal long connecting rod is provided with a shaft sleeve sleeved with the rear rotating shaft, and the uppermost shaft sleeve is fixedly connected with the uppermost rear rotating shaft in a pin joint manner; the uppermost front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft are fixed with a wharf building through wharf brackets, and the bottom of the main spandrel girder is hinged with a cat ladder bottom support. The invention can synchronously realize the large-scale adjustment of the horizontal inclination angle of the cat ladder and the horizontal stepping all the time so as to improve the applicability, eliminate the hidden safety hazards of suspending or submerging the cat ladder, effectively improve the economy and save the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a ladder stand structure, in particular to a ladder stand with self-adaptive adjustable inclination angle and a stepping kept horizontal all the time.
Background
The traditional cat ladder is mainly made of reinforced concrete or section steel, and the main spandrel girder and the pedal are integrally cast-in-situ or welded into a whole. When the ladder is used on land, the bottom of the ladder is supported at the end nodes; when the ladder is used on water, the bottom elevation of the ladder is generally arranged at a position 1m above the designed low water level or the low tide level in order to avoid the influence of water level fluctuation or rising and falling tide on the upper and lower sides of personnel.
The cat ladder of the traditional cat ladder has the following limitations:
1) The inclination angle can not be adjusted and the stepping is always horizontal, so that the applicability is poor;
the main spandrel girder and the pedal of the traditional cat ladder are cast-in-situ or welded integrally, so that relative rotation is not allowed among the components of the cat ladder, and therefore, one cat ladder can only be suitable for one horizontal dip angle (the included angle between the cat ladder and the horizontal plane can be moved in a small range, but the amplitude is very small and is generally not more than 10 degrees). Once the inclination angle variation is larger than the amplitude due to the displacement of the support point of the bottom of the cat ladder or the variation of the water level, the pedal is inclined greatly, so that the personnel cannot pass up and down. The traditional cat ladder can not realize that the inclination is adjustable and the step is horizontal all the time in step, and this defect has reduced the function of use and the suitability of cat ladder greatly.
2) The design water level is difficult to predict accurately, so that the bottom of the water ladder is suspended or submerged, and the safety is poor;
in order to avoid the influence of water level fluctuation or rising and falling tide on the climbing ladder of personnel, the bottom elevation of the traditional climbing ladder is generally arranged at a position which is 1m above the designed low water level or low tide level, in practical application, the design service life of the climbing ladder is less, the climbing ladder is used for several months, even as a permanent facility, the climbing ladder is always used in the fluctuation process in the whole service period, the fluctuation of local water areas is obvious, the fluctuation is up to several meters or even more than ten meters, the phenomenon that the climbing ladder is submerged deeply or suspended is finally caused, the climbing ladder is very inconvenient for the personnel to go up and down, and the potential safety hazard is large.
3) The cat ladder is difficult to realize modulization and assembly, has inconvenient turnover and use and poor economy;
due to the limitations, the traditional cat ladder is only applicable to specific working environments or water areas, so that the traditional cat ladder cannot be used in a turnover mode, is difficult to realize modulization and assembly, has low material utilization rate and poor economy.
Therefore, the ladder stand with the inclination angle capable of being adjusted in a self-adaptive mode and the stepping always kept horizontal is designed. So as to realize the synchronous realization of the inclination angle and the horizontal state of the stepping all the time; the influence of the deviation of the designed water level and the continuous variation of the actual construction water level on the climbing of the personnel is avoided, and the phenomenon that the climbing depth is submerged or suspended is avoided; the modular and assembly of the crawling ladder in different positions, different projects and different water areas is realized, the work efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is saved. Which is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: the utility model provides a inclination can self-adaptation adjustment and keep horizontally cat ladder all the time of marking time, solves prior art and can not realize that the inclination is adjustable and mark time level all the time leads to the suitability poor, and the design water level is difficult to accurate prediction and leads to unsettled or submerged of cat ladder bottom on water and then leads to the security poor to and be difficult to realize modulization and assembly, turnover use inconvenient, the poor technical problem of economic nature.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the ladder stand comprises a pair of main spandrel girders which are parallel and opposite to each other and are distributed, a plurality of foot pedals which are horizontally distributed between the pair of main spandrel girders at equal intervals, a longitudinal long connecting rod and a plurality of groups of double rotating shafts, wherein the inclination angle of the foot pedals can be adaptively adjusted;
the bottom surface of each foot pedal is fixedly connected with a group of double rotating shafts, and the foot pedals are respectively connected with a pair of main spandrel girders and the longitudinal long connecting rods through the corresponding double rotating shafts;
the double rotating shafts comprise front rotating shafts and rear rotating shafts which are distributed side by side, the front rotating shafts are longitudinally fixed on the front side of the bottom surface of the pedal, the rear rotating shafts are longitudinally fixed on the rear side of the bottom surface of the pedal, all the rear rotating shafts are transversely positioned between a pair of main spandrel girders, two ends of each front rotating shaft are respectively transversely penetrated on the pair of main spandrel girders, and each front rotating shaft can freely rotate relative to the pair of main spandrel girders;
the bottom surface of the longitudinal long connecting rod is provided with a plurality of shaft sleeves, the number of the shaft sleeves is the same as that of the rear rotating shafts and corresponds to that of the rear rotating shafts one by one, all the rear rotating shafts are sleeved in the corresponding shaft sleeves respectively, the rear rotating shafts can rotate freely relative to the corresponding shaft sleeves, and the uppermost shaft sleeve on the longitudinal long connecting rod is fixedly pinned with the uppermost rear rotating shaft in all the rear rotating shafts through pins;
the two ends of the rear rotating shaft positioned at the uppermost part of all the rear rotating shafts are respectively fixed with a wharf building through a wharf bracket, and likewise, the two ends of the front rotating shaft positioned at the uppermost part of all the front rotating shafts are respectively fixed with the wharf building through a wharf bracket, and the bottoms of a pair of main spandrel girders are hinged with a cat ladder bottom support.
Further, the device also comprises an armrest fixed on the foot pedal.
Further, the handrail comprises a plurality of vertical rods which are vertically distributed and vertically welded on the foot pedals, and a cross rod hinged between the vertical rods.
Further, the number of the vertical rods is smaller than the number of the foot pedals.
Further, at least three main bearings Liang Pinglian for preventing relative displacement between the pair of main spandrel girders are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the pair of main spandrel girders at equal intervals.
Further, two ends of each front rotating shaft are respectively provided with a baffle, two baffles on the same front rotating shaft are respectively positioned on the outer sides of a pair of main spandrel girders, and the baffles are used for limiting the front rotating shafts to be positioned on the pair of main spandrel girders.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has simple structure, scientific and reasonable design and convenient use, can synchronously realize the large-scale adjustment of the horizontal inclination angle of the cat ladder and the horizontal stepping all the time, and greatly improves the applicability; the main potential safety hazard of suspended or submerged bottom of the traditional water ladder caused by water level change in the construction period can be effectively eliminated; meanwhile, the modular and assembly of the cat ladder can be realized, the cat ladder can be greatly used in a turnover mode, the economical efficiency is effectively improved, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view showing a horizontal state of the ladder of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a view showing a 15-degree included angle between the crawling ladder and the horizontal plane.
Fig. 5 is a view showing a state that an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the crawling ladder and the horizontal plane.
Fig. 6 is a view showing a state that an included angle of 75 degrees is formed between the crawling ladder and the horizontal plane.
Fig. 7 is a view showing a state that an included angle of 90 degrees is formed between the crawling ladder and the horizontal plane.
Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numerals are:
1-main bearing beam, 2-foot rest, 3-longitudinal long connecting rod, 4-handrail, 5-front rotating shaft, 6-rear rotating shaft, 7-main bearing beam parallel connection, 8-baffle, 9-shaft sleeve, 10-wharf bracket, 11-cat ladder bottom support, 12-vertical rod, 13-cross rod and 14-wharf building.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following description and examples, which include but are not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the ladder stand provided by the invention, which can be adaptively adjusted in inclination angle and has steps kept horizontal all the time, comprises a pair of main spandrel girders 1 which are parallel and opposite to each other, a plurality of foot pedals 2 which are horizontally distributed between the pair of main spandrel girders 1 at equal intervals, a longitudinal long connecting rod 3, an armrest 4 and a plurality of groups of double rotating shafts; the bottom surface of each foot pedal 2 is fixedly connected with a group of double rotating shafts, and the foot pedals 2 are respectively connected with a pair of main spandrel girders 1 and longitudinal long connecting rods 3 through corresponding double rotating shafts. At least three main bearing beam parallel joints 7 used for enabling the pair of main bearing beams 1 not to generate relative displacement are fixedly connected at equal intervals to the bottoms of the pair of main bearing beams 1. The armrests 4 of the present invention are fixed to the step plate 2. The handrail 4 comprises a plurality of vertical rods 12 which are vertically distributed and vertically welded on the foot rest 2, and a cross rod 13 hinged between the vertical rods 12. The number of vertical rods 12 is less than the number of foot pedals 2.
The double-rotating-shaft type foot rest comprises a front rotating shaft 5 and a rear rotating shaft 6 which are distributed side by side, wherein the front rotating shaft 5 is longitudinally fixed on the front side of the bottom surface of a foot rest 2, the rear rotating shaft 6 is longitudinally fixed on the rear side of the bottom surface of the foot rest 2, all the rear rotating shafts 6 are transversely positioned between a pair of main spandrel girders 1, two ends of each front rotating shaft 5 are respectively transversely penetrated on the pair of main spandrel girders 1, and each front rotating shaft 5 can freely rotate relative to the pair of main spandrel girders 1. Two ends of each front rotating shaft 5 are respectively provided with a baffle piece 8, two baffle pieces 8 on the same front rotating shaft 5 are respectively positioned on the outer sides of a pair of main spandrel girders 1, and the baffle pieces 8 are used for limiting the front rotating shaft 5 to be positioned on the pair of main spandrel girders 1.
According to the invention, the bottom surface of the longitudinal long connecting rod 3 is provided with a plurality of shaft sleeves 9, the number of the shaft sleeves 9 is the same as that of the rear rotating shafts 6 and corresponds to that of the rear rotating shafts 6 one by one, all the rear rotating shafts 6 are respectively sleeved in the corresponding shaft sleeves 9, the rear rotating shafts 6 can rotate freely relative to the corresponding shaft sleeves 9, and the uppermost shaft sleeve 9 on the longitudinal long connecting rod 3 is fixedly connected with the uppermost rear rotating shaft in all the rear rotating shafts through pins. The two ends of the rear rotating shafts positioned at the uppermost part of the rear rotating shafts are respectively fixed with a wharf building through a wharf bracket 10, and the two ends of the front rotating shafts positioned at the uppermost part of the front rotating shafts are respectively fixed with a wharf building 14 through a wharf bracket 10, and the bottoms of a pair of main spandrel girders 1 are hinged with a cat ladder bottom support 11. The ladder bottom support 11 is a water buoyancy tank (located on the water surface) or a land bottom support point (located on the land).
The invention has simple structure, scientific and reasonable design and convenient use, can synchronously realize the large-scale adjustment of the horizontal inclination angle of the cat ladder and the horizontal stepping all the time, and greatly improves the applicability; the main potential safety hazard of suspended or submerged bottom of the traditional water ladder caused by water level change in the construction period can be effectively eliminated; meanwhile, the modular and assembly of the cat ladder can be realized, the cat ladder can be greatly used in a turnover mode, the economical efficiency is effectively improved, and the cost is saved.
The invention relates to a cat ladder with self-adaptive adjustment of inclination angles and horizontal stepping all the time, which mainly comprises five parts, namely a main spandrel girder, a pedal, a double-rotating shaft, a longitudinal long connecting rod and a handrail, and is specifically as follows:
the main spandrel girder is a pair, and a pair of main spandrel girder is parallel just to the distribution each other, is connected with at least three main spandrel girder parallel connection each other, and main spandrel girder parallel connection is used for consolidating a pair of main spandrel girder into an organic whole, makes a pair of main spandrel girder can not produce the displacement each other, and main spandrel girder parallel connection welds mutually with a pair of main spandrel girder respectively through welded mode, and main spandrel girder is main atress component, and main spandrel girder parallel connection provides out-of-plane rigidity for main spandrel girder, guarantees overall stability.
The foot rest and the double rotating shafts are welded into a whole, and the foot rest and the double rotating shafts are always kept horizontal in the inclination angle adjusting process.
The double rotating shafts are composed of a front rotating shaft and a rear rotating shaft, a group of double rotating shafts are formed by the front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft, a group of double rotating shafts are welded on the bottom surface of each pedal, the front rotating shaft is welded on the front side of the bottom surface of the pedal, and the rear rotating shaft is welded on the rear side of the bottom surface of the pedal. The front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft in the group of double rotating shafts at the top are fixedly connected with the wharf building through two brackets respectively, and the group of double rotating shafts are used as the rotation centers of the main spandrel girder, the rest double rotating shafts and the longitudinal long connecting rod; simultaneously, each group of double rotating shafts are welded with the corresponding foot pedals into a whole, and the double rotating shafts and the pedals synchronously lift and realize that the pedals are always horizontal along with the displacement of the bottom supporting points or the water level fluctuation.
The longitudinal long connecting rod is a main component for ensuring the stepping level, the longitudinal long connecting rod is provided with a shaft sleeve, and the rear rotating shafts are sleeved in the shaft sleeve and can rotate freely relative to the shaft sleeve. The upper end of the longitudinal long connecting rod is fixed with the rear rotating shaft positioned at the uppermost part through pin joint, and the whole longitudinal long connecting rod can rotate around the rear rotating shaft positioned at the uppermost part (the rear rotating shaft fixed with the longitudinal long connecting rod through pin joint). The longitudinal long connecting rod, the main spandrel girder, the front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft form a parallelogram structure system, so that the main spandrel girder and the front rotating shafts of all layers are driven to rotate around the front rotating shaft positioned at the uppermost part (the front rotating shaft fixedly connected with a wharf building through the bracket), the longitudinal long connecting rod and the rest rear rotating shafts rotate around the rear rotating shaft of the top layer, and finally, the self-adaptive angle adjustment of the ladder along with the displacement of the bottom supporting point or the water level change is realized.
The armrests are welded on the foot pedals and consist of vertical rods and transverse rods, the vertical rods are vertically welded at two ends of the top surface of the foot pedals to form two rows of vertical rods, all the vertical rods always keep a vertical state, at least one transverse rod is hinged between every two adjacent vertical rods in the same row of vertical rods through a pin shaft, and the transverse rods automatically rotate around the pin shaft along with displacement of bottom supporting points or water level fluctuation.
According to the invention, the front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft are arranged on the bottom surface of the pedal, and the longitudinal long connecting rod is arranged on the rear rotating shaft, so that the main bearing beam is rotationally connected with the front rotating shaft, the main bearing beam, the longitudinal long connecting rod, the pedal, the front rotating shaft and the rear rotating shaft jointly form a combined system, the self-adaptive angle adjustment of the ladder stand along with the displacement of the bottom supporting point or the water level change is realized by skillfully utilizing the parallelogram rule, and the pedal is kept to be always horizontal. Through experiments, the inclination angle can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, and the ladder stand with the stepping kept horizontal all the time can realize the self-adaptive adjustment of 0-90 degrees under the condition that the influence of a railing is not counted.
The invention can synchronously realize that the inclination angle can be greatly adjusted and the stepping can always keep a horizontal state. The influence on climbing of personnel up and down due to the deviation of the designed water level and the continuous variation of the actual construction water level is avoided, and the phenomenon that the climbing depth is submerged or suspended is avoided. The modular and assembly of the crawling ladder in different positions, different projects and different water areas is realized, the work efficiency is improved, and the manufacturing cost is saved. The practicability is strong, and the method is suitable for being widely popularized and applied in the technical field.
The above embodiment is only one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention, but all the insubstantial modifications or color changes made in the main design concept and spirit of the present invention are still consistent with the present invention, and all the technical problems to be solved are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. But inclination self-adaptation adjustment just keeps horizontally cat ladder all the time of marking time, its characterized in that: comprises a pair of main spandrel girders (1) which are parallel and are opposite to each other, a plurality of foot pedals (2) which are horizontally distributed between the pair of main spandrel girders (1) at equal intervals, a longitudinal long connecting rod (3), a plurality of groups of double rotating shafts and armrests (4) which are fixed on the foot pedals (2);
the bottom surface of each foot pedal (2) is fixedly connected with a group of double rotating shafts, and the foot pedals (2) are respectively connected with a pair of main bearing beams (1) and the longitudinal long connecting rods (3) through the corresponding double rotating shafts;
the double-rotating-shaft structure comprises front rotating shafts (5) and rear rotating shafts (6) which are distributed side by side, wherein the front rotating shafts (5) are longitudinally fixed on the front side of the bottom surface of a pedal (2), the rear rotating shafts (6) are longitudinally fixed on the rear side of the bottom surface of the pedal (2), all the rear rotating shafts (6) are transversely positioned between a pair of main spandrel girders (1), two ends of each front rotating shaft (5) are respectively transversely penetrated on the pair of main spandrel girders (1), and each front rotating shaft (5) can freely rotate relative to the pair of main spandrel girders (1);
the bottom surface of the longitudinal long connecting rod (3) is provided with a plurality of shaft sleeves (9), the number of the shaft sleeves (9) is the same as that of the rear rotating shafts (6) and corresponds to that of the rear rotating shafts (6) one by one, all the rear rotating shafts (6) are respectively sleeved in the corresponding shaft sleeves (9), the rear rotating shafts (6) can freely rotate relative to the corresponding shaft sleeves (9), and the uppermost shaft sleeve (9) on the longitudinal long connecting rod (3) is fixedly pinned with the uppermost rear rotating shaft in all the rear rotating shafts through pins;
the two ends of the rear rotating shafts positioned at the uppermost part are respectively fixed with a wharf building through a wharf bracket (10), and the two ends of the front rotating shafts positioned at the uppermost part are respectively fixed with the wharf building through a wharf bracket (10), and the bottoms of a pair of main spandrel girders (1) are hinged with a ladder bottom support (11);
the handrail (4) comprises a plurality of vertical rods (12) which are vertically distributed and vertically welded on the foot rest (2), and a cross rod (13) hinged between the vertical rods (12);
the number of the vertical rods (12) is smaller than the number of the foot pedals (2);
the bottoms of the pair of main spandrel girders (1) are fixedly connected with at least three main bearing girder parallel joints (7) which are used for preventing relative displacement between the pair of main spandrel girders (1) from occurring;
two ends of each front rotating shaft (5) are respectively provided with a baffle (8), two baffle (8) on the same front rotating shaft (5) are respectively positioned at the outer sides of a pair of main spandrel girders (1), and the baffle (8) is used for limiting the front rotating shafts (5) on the pair of main spandrel girders (1);
the foot rest (2) and the double rotating shafts are welded into a whole, and the foot rest is always kept horizontal in the inclination angle adjusting process.
Priority Applications (1)
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CN201910534284.5A CN110259370B (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2019-06-20 | Ladder stand with self-adaptive adjustment inclination angle and stepping kept horizontal all the time |
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CN201910534284.5A CN110259370B (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2019-06-20 | Ladder stand with self-adaptive adjustment inclination angle and stepping kept horizontal all the time |
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CN110259370A CN110259370A (en) | 2019-09-20 |
CN110259370B true CN110259370B (en) | 2023-12-08 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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CN112049565B (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2022-06-14 | 太重(天津)滨海重型机械有限公司 | Self-adjusting inclined ladder and stacker-reclaimer with same |
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