CN110259003B - Seamless treatment method for cement type decorative hanging plate of building exterior wall - Google Patents
Seamless treatment method for cement type decorative hanging plate of building exterior wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN110259003B CN110259003B CN201910549974.8A CN201910549974A CN110259003B CN 110259003 B CN110259003 B CN 110259003B CN 201910549974 A CN201910549974 A CN 201910549974A CN 110259003 B CN110259003 B CN 110259003B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/0889—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections
- E04F13/0891—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements characterised by the joints between neighbouring elements, e.g. with joint fillings or with tongue and groove connections with joint fillings
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Abstract
The invention provides a seamless processing method of a cement type decorative hanging plate for an exterior wall of a building, which comprises the following steps: sealing and gluing gaps between plates, installing a baffle and a lining mold, pouring a concrete post-pouring strip and detaching the baffle; according to the seamless processing method of the cement type decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building, disclosed by the invention, the sealant is filled in the gap between the two adjacent hanging plates positioned in the post-cast joint to form system seal so as to meet the waterproof requirement of the exterior wall hanging plate; after the concrete post-cast strip is arranged at the joint of the hanging plate, a preset distance is reserved between the concrete post-cast strip and the hanging plate, and the expansion and shrinkage effect, the earthquake displacement effect, the manufacturing and construction error, the wind load displacement effect, the shrinkage and creep effect in concrete preparation and the like caused by temperature and humidity change can be met; the outer wall of the concrete post-cast strip can be set to be provided with a concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate, so that the appearance of the joint is close to the hanging plate, and the attractiveness of the outer wall is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building exterior wall cladding, in particular to a seamless processing method of a cement type decorative cladding for a building exterior wall.
Background
The cement-type decorative hanging board for external wall of building, such as GRC hanging board, GRC (glass fiber Reinforced cement) is a fibre concrete composite material using alkali-resisting glass fibre as reinforcing material and cement mortar as base material, and is formed by embedding glass fibre with high elastic modulus into cement base body. The GRC building exterior wall decoration hanging plate generally mainly comprises GRC ribbed plates and a back-attached steel frame, wherein the ribbed plates are non-bearing building exterior decoration members, the back-attached steel frame is a metal frame with a structural function, and the GRC ribbed panels are supported by flexible anchor rods and gravity anchor rods and are connected with a building main body structure.
The GRC building outer wall decoration hanging plate is large in general size, the height of each veneer can reach 4500mm, each veneer is prefabricated in a factory, transported to a construction site, and installed on a concrete or steel structure main body in a pre-buried anchoring or post-anchoring mode. The seam between the GRC link plate should generally have certain width, and the main factor that the design seam need be considered includes: expansion and shrinkage effects caused by temperature and humidity changes, earthquake displacement effects, manufacturing and construction errors, wind load displacement effects, and shrinkage and creep effects in concrete preparation. In addition, in rainy regions, the waterproof performance of the wall surface needs to be ensured by combining with building structures.
To meet normal deformation and displacement requirements, the joint width of a GRC component is typically calculated by reference to the following equation:
for the splice glue line:
for open seams:
Wb=B+C (2)
in the formula: wb-seam width (mm);
a is the displacement (mm) of the GRC member which can be generated due to the temperature and humidity change in one year;
-displacement capacity (%) of the sealant;
b is the manufacturing error of the GRC component, and 3mm can be taken;
c, taking the reserved quantity (mm) influenced by other factors such as earthquake action into consideration, and taking the reserved quantity to be not less than 2 mm.
The above formula is based on: JGJ _ T423-2018 building application technical Standard of glass fiber reinforced Cement (GRC).
The joint between the GRC hanging plates needs to meet the requirements of appearance decoration seamless effect on one hand, and also needs to meet the technical requirements of wall body water resistance, seismic fortification, temperature and humidity change, wind resistance, crack resistance and the like on the other hand, and the field construction errors and the process requirements are considered.
In the prior art, the seamless processing method of the cement decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building has the main problems that: although the splicing material can meet the waterproof requirement of the wall body, the splicing material is generally in rigid sealing connection with the hanging plate, so that the technical requirements of the exterior wall hanging plate on earthquake proofing, temperature and humidity change, wind prevention, crack resistance and the like are influenced.
For example, the seamless installation process of the art GRC plate with multiple segments disclosed in chinese patent document CN101906858A provides a process capable of realizing seamless installation of the art GRC plate with multiple segments continuously spanning a bridge. However, in the technology, the back surface of the GRC plate is completely and rigidly connected with the main structure by the pouring layer, and the pouring layer is only suitable for structures with junction surfaces such as bridges and the like as bearing structures and is not suitable for common frame type building outer walls. GRC board, filling layer, major structure connect as an organic wholely, form composite construction system, will change the atress mode of major structure, be unfavorable for the antidetonation of bridge. The GRC plate, the perfusion layer and the main structure material have different characteristics, and the actual damp-heat expansion coefficients are different under the repeated change of warm-wet conditions in summer, winter, dry season and rainy season in outdoor climate, so that the adopted integral structure is easy to cause cracks. The overall filling work amount is also large.
For another example, the present invention adopts a similar technical route, i.e., a novel seamless installation structure of building boards disclosed in chinese patent document CN204781754U, a seamless connection structure of glass fiber reinforced gypsum boards disclosed in chinese patent document CN 205502460U, and a seamless splicing structure of building veneers disclosed in chinese patent document CN201865281U, in which adjacent boards are fixed to each other by using a construction measure and a gap is formed between the adjacent boards. However, this kind of technology is only suitable for interior decoration engineering, not for exterior decoration hanging board engineering. Because the principle is to strengthen the connection strength between the plates, the environment is required to be relatively good, and the temperature and the humidity are not obviously changed in places.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defect that the cement decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building in the prior art can not meet the technical requirements of seismic fortification, temperature and humidity change, wind resistance, crack resistance and the like while carrying out seamless treatment, thereby providing a seamless treatment method for the cement decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building. By adopting the method, after the cement type decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building is subjected to seamless treatment, certain gaps can still be formed between the hanging plates and the joints so as to meet the technical requirements of seismic fortification, temperature and humidity change, wind resistance, crack resistance and the like; in the aspect of visual effect, the concrete material and texture in the post-cast joint are the same as those of the hanging plate, so that the significance of the gap between the plates is weakened, and the attractiveness of the outer wall is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the seamless processing method of the cement type decorative hanging plate for the building exterior wall provided by the invention comprises the following steps after each layer of decorative hanging plate is installed and fixed and before the upper layer of decorative hanging plate is installed:
sealing and gluing the gaps between the plates, and filling the sealant into the gaps between the plates between two adjacent hanging plates and positioned in the post-cast joint;
mounting the separation blade and the lining die, namely lining the separation blade into two inner side walls of the post-cast seam, and closing an opening of the post-cast seam facing outwards; a lining mold with a concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the opening of the baffle plate facing the post-pouring seam;
pouring a concrete post-pouring strip, and pouring self-leveling mortar into the post-pouring seam from the upper part;
and (4) detaching the separation blade, and detaching the separation blade after the mortar poured into the post-pouring seam is initially set.
Preferably, the thickness of the baffle plate is 1-3 mm.
Preferably, the lining mold is made of a plastic film and is manually or mechanically formed into an outer surface with a concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate.
Preferably, the plastic film is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic.
Preferably, the concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate is a fold structure which is disordered in each direction.
Preferably, the hanging plate is a GRC hanging plate.
Preferably, the strength of the concrete post-cast strip is smaller than that of the hanging plate.
Preferably, the cross section of the concrete post-cast strip is in a trapezoid shape with the lower bottom facing the inner side of the hanging plate.
According to the preferable scheme, the upper portion of the hanging plate is provided with an L-shaped water retaining strip which is concave towards the inner side and extends upwards, after the lower hanging plate is installed, when the upper hanging plate is installed, the upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate are arranged at intervals, and the lower edge of the upper hanging plate is arranged on the L-shaped water retaining strip in a pressing mode.
Preferably, the distance between two adjacent layers of hanging plates is set to be 10 mm.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the seamless processing method for the cement type decorative hanging plate for the building outer wall, when a concrete post-pouring strip for pouring a seam is arranged, a sealant is filled in a gap between every two adjacent hanging plates positioned in the post-pouring seam to form system sealing so as to meet the waterproof requirement of the outer wall hanging plate. After the concrete post-cast strip is arranged at the joint of the hanging plate, a preset distance is reserved between the concrete post-cast strip and the hanging plate, and the expansion and shrinkage effect, the earthquake displacement effect, the manufacturing and construction error, the wind load displacement effect, the shrinkage and creep effect in concrete preparation and the like caused by temperature and humidity change can be met.
2. According to the seamless processing method of the cement type decorative hanging plate for the building outer wall, the outer wall of the concrete post-pouring strip is provided with the concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate, so that the appearance of the joint is close to that of the hanging plate, and the attractiveness of the outer wall is improved.
3. According to the seamless treatment method for the cement decorative hanging plate for the building outer wall, provided by the invention, after mortar poured into the post-pouring seam is initially solidified and the separation blade is removed from the mold and pulled out, the space left by the separation blade can meet the requirement of relative displacement between plates under normal use of a building. And to the special operating mode under the great earthquake, when adjacent link plate unit relative displacement surpassed clearance reservation value, because the intensity of post-cast concrete is less than the intensity of panel in the seam, consequently the concrete can be destroyed by the crushing in the post-cast seam, allows bigger inter-plate relative displacement to the whole system of protection panel is not destroyed. After the earthquake, the post-pouring seam can be re-glued and poured with concrete according to the original construction procedure, so that the system has good repairability.
4. The invention provides a seamless processing method of a cement decorative hanging plate for an exterior wall of a building, wherein the cross section of a concrete post-cast strip is in a trapezoid shape with the lower bottom facing the inner side of the hanging plate, so that a structure with a wide inner part and a narrow outer part is formed, and the purpose is to prevent the concrete post-cast strip in a post-cast joint from falling off after the post-cast joint construction is finished.
5. According to the seamless processing method of the cement type decorative hanging plate for the building outer wall, the top end of the lower hanging plate is inwards sunken and upwards extends to form the L-shaped water retaining strip, so that the lower end of the upper hanging plate can be pressed and matched with the water retaining strip, and the structural mode can effectively prevent environmental water such as rainwater and the like from entering the interior of a hanging plate system, and prevent water seepage of a wall surface.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the detailed description of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the detailed description of the invention or the prior art will be briefly described below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a part of building exterior wall formed by four hanging plates.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the space between the left hanging plate and the right hanging plate.
Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a baffle plate and a lining die between a left hanging plate and a right hanging plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a longitudinal section structure between an upper hanging plate and a lower hanging plate.
Description of reference numerals:
1. hanging the plate; 2. post-pouring; 3. a tongue-and-groove seam; 4. gaps between the plates; 5. post-pouring concrete strips; 6. a baffle plate; 7. lining a mold; 8. an L-shaped water bar; 9. a connecting member; 10. a cross beam; 11. a building body.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment provides a seamless processing method for a building exterior wall GRC decorative hanging plate, wherein GRC is a fiber concrete composite material which takes alkali-resistant glass fiber as a reinforcing material and cement mortar as a matrix material, and is formed by embedding glass fiber with high elastic modulus into a cement matrix. As shown in fig. 1, the appearance effect of the GRC cladding is mainly determined by the texture and color of the outermost decorative layer, and the GRC cladding is installed layer by layer from bottom to top during installation, and is installed from one end to the other end in sequence during installation of one layer. After each layer is installed, the gap between each two adjacent hanging plates 1 on the layer is processed. The specification and the surface texture of the GRC hanging plates are determined according to specific design, a post-cast joint 2 with the thickness of 40mm 30mm 35mm (H) is reserved at a vertical joint between the left hanging plate 1 and the right hanging plate 1, and a rabbet joint 3 with the spacing of 10mm is arranged between the upper hanging plate 1 and the lower hanging plate 1.
As shown in fig. 2, it is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of a space between two adjacent left and right hanging boards 1 in one layer. The cross section of the post-cast seam 2 is in a trapezoid shape with a larger width and a bottom edge facing the inner side of the hanging plate 1, namely, the shape is wide at the inner side and narrow at the outer side. After the installation of this layer of link plate 1 is accomplished, when handling the gap between two adjacent link plates 1 about, including following step: sealing the gap 4 between the plates, installing a baffle 7 and a lining mould 6, pouring a concrete post-pouring strip 5, and dismantling the baffle 6.
Wherein, the processing of 4 sealing of interplate gaps includes: the sealant is filled into the gap 4 between the two adjacent hanging plates 1 and positioned inside the post-cast joint 2, the sealant is weather-resistant glue, the width of the gap 4 between the plates is 10mm, and after the weather-resistant glue is filled into the gap 4 between the plates, the sealing between the two plates can be kept, so that the waterproof requirement of the wall body is met.
The installation of separation blade 6 and lining mould 7 includes: firstly, adopting baffle plates 6 to line two inner side walls of the post-cast seam 2 and closing an opening of the post-cast seam 2 facing to the outer side; then, the outer wall of the concrete post-cast strip 5 is provided, and a lining form 7 having a concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate 1 is provided on the inner side wall of the opening of the baffle 6 facing the post-cast joint 2, so that after the concrete post-cast strip 5 is molded, the shape of the outer wall can be consistent with the outer wall of the decorative layer of the hanging plate 1, and the significance of the gap 4 between the plates is weakened. As shown in FIG. 3, the baffle 6 of the present embodiment is made of a stainless steel sheet with a thickness of 1-3 mm; and the lining die 7 adopts a polyvinyl chloride plastic film and is formed into an outer surface with a concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate 1 in a manual or mechanical mode. The concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate 1 is a fold structure with disorder shape in each direction, and other lining molds can be adopted according to the specific shape of the outer surface of the decorative layer of the hanging plate 1.
The concrete post-cast strip 5 is poured, and comprises the following components: pouring self-leveling mortar into the post-pouring joint 2 from the upper part, wherein the strength of the selected mortar is smaller than that of the hanging plate 1; after the concrete post-cast strip 5 is arranged, the cross section of the concrete post-cast strip is in a trapezoid shape with the wider bottom edge facing the inner side of the hanging plate 1, namely, the shape of the concrete post-cast strip 5 is wide in the inner part and narrow in the outer part, so that the concrete post-cast strip 5 can not fall off in the post-cast joint 2 after construction is finished. The self-leveling mortar is used for pouring the post-pouring seam 2, and the color of the mortar can be set to be the same as that of the GRC hanging plate 1. The mortar adopts self-leveling mortar with good workability, high slump and strong fluidity, and because the post-cast joint 2 is constructed after the hanging plate 1 is installed in place, the post-cast joint cannot be vibrated in the concrete pouring process, the whole space of the post-cast joint 2 needs to be filled by the self-gravity of the mortar, and the defects that the construction quality is affected by bubbles, holes and the like are prevented from being generated. The strength of the self-leveling mortar is lower than that of GRC hanging plate concrete, and the purpose is that under the action of medium and large earthquakes, when the relative displacement between adjacent hanging plates 1 exceeds a clearance reservation value, the concrete post-cast strip 5 in the post-cast joint 2 can be crushed, so that the structural safety of the whole hanging plate 1 system is not affected by local damage.
The separation blade 6 is dismantled, including: and after the mortar poured into the post-pouring joint 2 is initially set, detaching the baffle 6. After the stainless steel separation blade 6 is demolded and pulled out, a gap of 1-3 mm is reserved between the concrete post-cast strip 5 and the hanging plate 1 in the post-cast joint 2, a certain relative displacement is allowed to be generated between the adjacent hanging plates 1, and the technical requirements of slab joint design such as seismic fortification, temperature and humidity change, wind load prevention and the like of a hanging plate 1 system are met.
As shown in fig. 4, it is a schematic view of the longitudinal section structure between the upper and lower hanging plates 1. The upper side of the lower hanging plate 1 is provided with an L-shaped water retaining strip 8 which is sunken towards the inner side and extends upwards, after the lower hanging plate 1 is installed, the upper hanging plate 1 and the lower hanging plate are arranged at intervals when the upper hanging plate 1 is installed, and the lower side of the upper hanging plate 1 is pressed on the L-shaped water retaining strip 8. The lower end of the upper GRC hanging plate 1 is pressed and matched in a groove formed by the L-shaped water retaining strips 8 through practical inspection, so that rainwater can be effectively prevented from entering the groove, and the waterproof effect of the wall surface is achieved.
In the seamless processing method of the building exterior wall GRC decorative hanging plate provided by this embodiment, the hanging plate 1 can be structurally and fixedly connected with the building main body 11 through the conventional connecting piece 9 and the cross beam 10.
In addition, the method provided by the embodiment can also be applied to various cement hanging plates except the GRC hanging plate 1. The building types comprise various civil buildings, industrial buildings, structures and the like, and the structural forms comprise frame structures, shear wall structures, frame-shear wall structures and steel structures.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The seamless processing method of the cement type decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building is characterized by comprising the following steps after each layer of decorative hanging plate is installed and fixed and before the upper layer of decorative hanging plate is installed:
sealing and gluing the gaps between the plates, and filling the sealant into the gaps between the plates between two adjacent hanging plates and positioned in the post-cast joint;
mounting the separation blade and the lining die, namely lining the separation blade into two inner side walls of the post-cast seam, and closing an opening of the post-cast seam facing outwards; a lining mold with a concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the opening of the baffle plate facing the post-pouring seam;
pouring a concrete post-pouring strip, and pouring self-leveling mortar into the post-pouring seam from the upper part;
and (4) detaching the separation blade, and detaching the separation blade after the mortar poured into the post-pouring seam is initially set.
2. The seamless processing method for the cement type decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thickness of the baffle plate is 1 to 3 mm.
3. The method for seamlessly processing the cement-based decorative hanging panel for the exterior wall of a building as claimed in claim 2, wherein the lining mold is made of a plastic film and is formed manually or mechanically to have an outer surface with a concave-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging panel.
4. The seamless processing method for the cement type decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of the building as claimed in claim 3, wherein the plastic film is made of polyvinyl chloride plastic.
5. The method for seamlessly handling a cement-based decorative hanging panel for an exterior wall of a building according to claim 3, wherein the concavo-convex structure corresponding to the decorative layer of the hanging panel is a corrugated structure having a random shape in each direction.
6. The method for seamlessly processing the cement-based decorative hanging panel for the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, wherein the hanging panel is a GRC hanging panel.
7. The method for seamlessly processing the cement-based decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, wherein the strength of the concrete post-cast strip is smaller than that of the hanging plate.
8. The method for seamlessly processing the cement-based decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of a building according to claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the concrete post-cast strip is a trapezoid with a lower bottom facing the inside of the hanging plate.
9. The method for seamlessly processing the cement-based decorative hanging plate for the exterior wall of a building as claimed in claim 1, wherein an L-shaped water bar which is concave towards the inside and extends upwards is arranged above the hanging plate, after the lower hanging plate is installed, when the upper hanging plate is installed, the upper hanging plate and the lower hanging plate are arranged at intervals, and the lower edge of the upper hanging plate is pressed on the L-shaped water bar.
10. The method for seamlessly processing the cement-based decorative hanging panel for the exterior wall of a building according to claim 9, wherein the interval between two adjacent layers of the hanging panel is set to 10 mm.
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CN113068621A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-06 | 山东大学 | Waterproof method for prefabricated excrement groove plate seam |
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JP2010156119A (en) * | 2008-12-26 | 2010-07-15 | Asahi Kasei Homes Co | Structure of projected corner portion of exterior wall of building |
CN101906858B (en) * | 2009-06-02 | 2012-04-04 | 上海市建筑装饰工程有限公司 | Seamless installation process for polyline artistic GRC (Glass-fiber Reinforced Composite) board |
CN204781754U (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-11-18 | 深圳市富山厚土建材有限公司 | Novel seamless mounting structure of building board |
CN205502460U (en) * | 2016-03-19 | 2016-08-24 | 北京清大环艺装饰工程有限公司 | Glass fiber reinforced gypsum board's seamless connection structure |
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