CN110256471B - 环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物及其制备方法和应用。该配合物的制备方法为:取环庚三烯酚酮、邻菲啰啉和二价锌盐溶于极性溶剂中,所得混合液于加热条件下反应,反应物冷却,有晶体析出,即得目标产物;其中,所述的二价锌盐为醋酸锌和/或六水高氯酸锌;所述的极性溶剂为水,或者是甲醇和N,N‑二甲基甲酰胺的组合物。申请人的试验表明,该配合物对胃癌MGC80‑3细胞株的抑制活性比顺铂高,但对正常细胞的毒性比顺铂低。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物及其制备方法和应用,属于医药技术领域。
背景技术
癌症(又称恶性肿瘤)是目前世界上死亡率最高的疾病之一,严重威胁着人类的健康。近年来,随着顺铂等药物的临床应用,金属基螯合物抗肿瘤药物已逐渐成为研究热点。金属的固有属性与生物活性配体分子的结合,为一些高效、低毒和针对靶向活性的新药研发提供了广阔的空间。
环庚三烯酚酮,又称托酚酮,主要存在于植物和海洋生物以及真菌的次级代谢产物中。托酚酮类化合物是具有七元芳环和各种侧基分子修饰的天然产物,具有一定的消炎、抗菌和抗真菌功效。邻菲啰啉,也称邻菲罗啉、邻菲咯啉,是一种常用的氧化还原指示剂,也是双齿杂环化合物配体,其具有很强的螯合作用,可与大多数金属离子形成很稳定的配合物。
随着铂类抗肿瘤药物(顺铂、卡铂、奥沙利铂等)在疾病的治疗中发挥的作用越来越大,无机药物研究已成为世界范围的热点。由于铂类抗肿瘤药物存在水溶性差、耐药性强以及神经、肾毒副作用等缺点,限制了它们的使用范围。众所周知,锰、铁、钴、镍、铜、锌等过渡金属元素在人体或生物体内微量存在却广泛分布,它们通过与蛋白质或某些有机基团配位螯合,形成酶、激素或维生素等生物大分子,在体内发挥着重要的生理作用。如Zn(II)是DNA聚合酶等几十种酶的必需成分;Fe(II)存在于血红蛋白和肌红蛋白中参与氧的运载与释放;Mn(II)可促进线粒体物质代谢和能量转换,其存在可激活多种酶活性;Cu(II)是生命必需的元素之一,在生命体中,它与有机配体形成螯合物广泛存在。但是,截至目前,尚未见有将环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉配体同时引入到锌配合物中以获得对肿瘤细胞抑制活性较高且对正常细胞毒性低的混配锌混合物的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种对肿瘤细胞株抑制活性与顺铂相当,但对人正常肝细胞的毒性较顺铂更低的环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物及其制备方法,以及该配合物的应用。
本发明所述的环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物为具有下述式(I)所示结构的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
本发明还提供上述化合物的制备方法,其特征在于:主要包括以下步骤:取环庚三烯酚酮、邻菲啰啉和二价锌盐溶于极性溶剂中,所得混合液于加热条件下反应,反应物冷却,有晶体析出,即得目标产物;其中,
所述的二价锌盐为醋酸锌((CH3COO)2Zn·2H2O)和/或六水高氯酸锌(Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O);
所述的极性溶剂为水,或者是甲醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)的组合物。
上述制备方法中,所述环庚三烯酚酮、邻菲啰啉和二价锌盐的摩尔比为化学计量比,通常为2:1:1。
上述制备方法中,当极性溶剂为甲醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺的组合物时,甲醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺体积比为1-3:1。所述极性溶剂的用1-3mL。在具体溶解的步骤中,可将各原料分别用极性溶剂中的某一种组分溶解,然后再混合在一起反应;也可将所有原料混合在一起后再加极性溶剂溶解。
上述制备方法中,为了能够更好的脱去配体的质子氢(H+),可以在反应前加入适量的碱性物质(如氨水、三乙胺、碳酸氢钠、碳酸钠或碳酸钾等),当碱性物质为固体时优选采用水溶液的形式加入。所述碱性物质的加入量通常是控制体系的pH=7-10.5,优选是采用三乙胺或氨水调节体系的pH值。
上述制备方法中,反应在≥50℃条件下进行,进一步优选是在60-100℃条件下进行,更优选是在70-90℃条件下进行。在此优选条件下,反应的时间通常控制在48-72h,根据需要也可适当延长反应时间。在反应过程中,为了使物料受热更均匀,优选是将盛装混合液的容器用锡箔纸包裹后再置于加热条件下进行反应。
本发明还包括上述环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备抗肿瘤药物中的应用。
本发明进一步包括一种药物组合物,它含有上述环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物或其药学上可接受的盐。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供了一种结构新颖的环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物及其制备方法和应用,申请人的体外试验结果表明,该配合物对宫颈癌Hela细胞株、人卵巢癌SK-OV-3细胞株和胃癌MGC80-3细胞株均具有较好的活性,其中对胃癌MGC80-3细胞株的活性更是优于顺铂的抑制活性,且其对人正常肝细胞HL-7702的毒性远低于顺铂,有望用作抗肿瘤药物。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1制得的最终产物的质谱图;
图2为本发明实施例1制得的最终产物的晶体结构图。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步的详述,以更好地理解本发明的内容,但本发明并不限于以下实施例。
实施例1
取环庚三烯酚酮(0.0122g,0.1mmol)、Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O(0.0186g,0.05mmol)和邻菲啰啉(0.0099g,0.05mmol)置于一端封闭的Pyrex管(内径为10mm、长为200mm)中,然后加入1mL甲醇和0.5mLDMF作为极性溶剂,将Pyrex管抽真空,将其另一端封口;将封好的Pyrex管放入80℃的烘箱中恒温反应72h,取出,缓慢冷却至室温,Pyrex管中有紫红色长条状析出,收集晶体,用甲醇洗涤,干燥,得到淡黄色长条状晶体(产率为27%)。
对本实施例所得产物进行元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和X单晶衍射分析,具体数据如下:
(1)元素分析,Anal.Elemental analysis calcd(%)for C26H18ZnN2O4:C64.01,H3.72,and N 5.74%。Found:C,63.73;H,3.66,N 5.80%。
(2)红外光谱,IR(KBr):3732cm-1,1588cm-1,1505cm-1,1423cm-1,1365cm-1,1226cm-1,729cm-1。
(3)质谱,ESI+m/z:C19H13ZnN2O2([M-C7H5O2]+),365.03,如图1所示。
(4)X射线单晶衍射分析,选取尺寸为0.320×0.220×0.140mm的晶体,在296K条件下,用Agilent Super-Nova衍射仪,用石墨单色化的Mo Kα射线做入射光源,分别在一定的θ范围内以扫描方式收集衍射点用于结构解析和修正。非氢原子用直接法解出,并对它们的坐标及其各向异性热参数进行用全矩阵最小二乘法修正。混合加氢,氢原子采用各向同性热参数;非氢原子采用各向异性热参数。晶体结构的解析和结构修正分别由SHELX97(Sheldrick,1990)和SHELXL97(Sheldrick,1997)程序包完成。详细的晶体测定数据如下述表1所示,确定其晶体结构如图2所示。
表1配合物的晶体学参数
aR1=Σ||Fo|–|Fc||/Σ|Fo|;bwR2=[Σw(Fo 2–Fc 2)2/Σw(Fo 2)2]1/2
因此,可以确定本实施例所得淡黄色固体产物即为目标产物环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物,其化学结构式如下:
对比例1-4
重复实施例1,不同的是,反应在常温条件下进行。结果没有晶体或其它形状(如粉末)产物生成。
重复实施例1,不同的是,将极性溶剂改为乙腈,但极性溶剂的总用量不变。结果没有晶体或其它形状(如粉末)产物生成。
重复实施例1,不同的是,将混合极性溶剂改为单一的甲醇,但极性溶剂的总用量不变。结果没有晶体或其它形状(如粉末)产物生成。
重复实施例1,不同的是,将混合极性溶剂改为单一的甲DMF,但极性溶剂的总用量不变。结果没有晶体或其它形状(如粉末)产物生成。
实施例2
重复实施例1,不同的是:
1)用Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O代替Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O;
2)在加入1mL甲醇和0.5mL DMF之后,再加入20μL浓度为1mol/L的氢氧化钠水溶液(此时体系的pH=9.5后再将Pyrex管抽真空。
反应完成后,缓慢冷却至室温,有淡黄色条状晶体析出,产率为14%。
对本实施例所得产物进行元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和X单晶衍射分析,确定所得淡黄色固体产物即为目标产物环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物。
实施例3
重复实施例1,不同的是:用Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O代替Zn(ClO4)2·6H2O。
反应完成后,缓慢冷却至室温,有淡黄色条状晶体析出,产率为12%。
对本实施例所得产物进行元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和X单晶衍射分析,确定所得淡黄色固体产物即为目标产物环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物。
实施例4
重复实施例1,不同的是:极性溶剂改成水,用量为1.5mL。
反应完成后,缓慢冷却至室温,有淡黄色条状晶体析出,产率为12%。
对本实施例所得产物进行元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和X单晶衍射分析,确定所得淡黄色固体产物即为目标产物环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物。
实验例:环庚三烯酚酮与邻菲啰啉混配锌配合物(以下简称配合物)的体外抗肿瘤活性实验
1.细胞的接种与培养
本实验所选定的肿瘤细胞株分别为:人卵巢癌SK-OV-3细胞株、胃癌MGC80-3细胞株、宫颈癌HeLa细胞株、非小细胞肺癌A549细胞株和正常肝细胞HL-7702。所选用的肿瘤细胞株使用含10%的胎牛血清、1%青链霉素双抗的DMEM培养基来培养,并置于37℃、5%CO2的恒定条件下培养,待细胞长至培养瓶面积的80-90%,再用消化液消化,传代3-5次后,取状态较好且处于细胞对数期的细胞用于实验。
2.细胞生长抑制实验(MTT法)
选取生长状况较好并处于对数生长期的细胞,磷酸缓冲溶液(PBS)清洗两次,胰蛋白酶消化,加入含有10%的新牛血清和1%的青链霉素的培养液,打匀成为细胞的悬液,加入到96孔板中,每个孔加入体积180μL、约含细胞数量为1×105个的细胞悬液。孔板四周加入等体积的PBS缓冲溶液。待细胞贴壁并生长至50-70%的孔面积后,分别向每个孔中加入20μL量的不同浓度药物(配合物本发明实施例1制备,其它药物为直接购买所得)到测试孔中,每个浓度设置5个平行试验,孔中助溶剂DMSO最终浓度≤1%,同时设置空白对照组。将细胞分别在37℃,5%CO2气氛中温育48小时。培养完成后,每孔加入10μL MTT试剂(浓度为5mg/mL);在37℃,5%CO2气氛中孵育4~6h后,将培养液弃掉,向每个加药和空白组的各孔加入DMSO 150μL,在震荡器上震荡反应10~15min,使细胞中的蓝紫色结晶甲瓒充分溶解;用酶标仪以570nm/630nm双波长测定去除本底光吸收值后的吸光度(OD)值。初筛中,配合物对肿瘤细胞的抑制率较好的配合物,选用5个合适浓度梯度做相应细胞株的IC50值,所有实验重复3次后取平均值,结果如下述表2所示。
表2配合物对不同肿瘤细胞株的半抑制率浓度(IC50,μM)
由表2可知,对于这5株癌细胞,环庚三烯酚酮以及邻菲啰啉配体的活性都不高,在与锌离子配位之后,活性得到了极大的提高。所得配合物对配合物对宫颈癌Hela细胞株、人卵巢癌SK-OV-3细胞株和胃癌MGC80-3细胞株均具有较好的活性,特别是对MGC80-3细胞株的活性较高,其IC50值达到了14.78±1.44μM,优于顺铂,而且其对人正常肝细胞HL-7702的毒性显著低于顺铂。
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