CN110254648A - A kind of control system for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP - Google Patents

A kind of control system for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110254648A
CN110254648A CN201910400280.8A CN201910400280A CN110254648A CN 110254648 A CN110254648 A CN 110254648A CN 201910400280 A CN201910400280 A CN 201910400280A CN 110254648 A CN110254648 A CN 110254648A
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China
Prior art keywords
ship
signal
controller
control
control unit
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Granted
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CN201910400280.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110254648B (en
Inventor
张志平
赵晓龙
孙永福
王立松
张浩然
李杨
孙杨
李欣
谢博文
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First Institute of Oceanography MNR
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First Institute of Oceanography MNR
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Priority to CN201910400280.8A priority Critical patent/CN110254648B/en
Publication of CN110254648A publication Critical patent/CN110254648A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN110254648B publication Critical patent/CN110254648B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/21Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/02Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/02Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
    • B63H25/04Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring automatic, e.g. reacting to compass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/42Steering or dynamic anchoring by propulsive elements; Steering or dynamic anchoring by propellers used therefor only; Steering or dynamic anchoring by rudders carrying propellers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H21/00Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels
    • B63H21/21Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels
    • B63H2021/216Control means for engine or transmission, specially adapted for use on marine vessels using electric control means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/02Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
    • B63H2025/024Handle-bars; Posts for supporting handle-bars, e.g. adjustable posts
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63HMARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H25/00Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements; Dynamic anchoring, i.e. positioning vessels by means of main or auxiliary propulsive elements
    • B63H25/02Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring
    • B63H25/04Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring automatic, e.g. reacting to compass
    • B63H2025/045Initiating means for steering, for slowing down, otherwise than by use of propulsive elements, or for dynamic anchoring automatic, e.g. reacting to compass making use of satellite radio beacon positioning systems, e.g. the Global Positioning System [GPS]

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of control systems that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP, including measuring part, control section, power section and thruster part, the control section includes controller, and it is connected to the controller for driving the manual control unit and automatic control unit of ship's navigation respectively, and computer software, the laser orientation system that distance is moved closer to for real-time monitoring ship connecting with the control section by wireless signal is provided on harbour or harbour, when actual ship position parameter reaches the distance parameter of preset automatic control ship displacement, it sends and drives the signal of ship automatic shift to automatic control unit, the signal for stopping manual manipulation being sent simultaneously to manual control unit, control ship automatic steady is stopped to presetting anchor point.The present invention is fed back by live signal, can be accomplished to be precisely controlled main thruster and side propeller, be realized the accuracy of the final stop position of ship.

Description

A kind of control system for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP
Technical field
The present invention relates to ship control technical field more particularly to a kind of control systems that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP System.
Background technique
Ship arrival & departure port is from pool operation, this work has certain risk, belongs to ship key behaviour Make.Existing steamer berths, some need pilotage staffing, and there is some need the captain of rich experiences to complete, without one A unified berth mode, and in automobile industry, the stop of automobile is monitored by ultrasonic wave, is completed by left and right visor It stops, but ship is bigger than automobile, and the stop mode of automobile can only apply to closely, the stop environment letter on periphery It is single, and the distance of vessel berth leaving wharf is farther out, it is this be similar to automobile by way of be unable to reach requirement, and ship exists It also needs to consider stormy waves stream in docking process, such as the wind speed of wind, the flow velocity etc. of water.Traditional ship go to dock usually captain utilization Good sailing sets accommodation in advance, finds into pool angle, controls ship's speed etc., is pushed away using vehicle, rudder, tugboat, side, anchor and cable The cooperation of rope etc. could smoothly lean on upper terminal.Current most of ships or captain manipulate, be when going to dock fore, stern in turn It is closer to harbour, ceaselessly controls rotating forward, the reversion of propeller, and operates the direction of rudder, makes fore, stern respectively close to code Repeatedly after movement, last stop is done by inertia for head, and virtually all of ship is all in a sense by ship in water In inertia, and realized by the intervention of rudder, large ship, position bad harbour, the ship needs that reach port are taken quite The long time.And to high with the skill requirement for the operator that brings to, here to the experience of captain, diversion, especially one In the undesirable situation of a little weather conditions, this berthing scheme is very big by being influenced.If since captain's technology is not in place, to extension Situations such as saliva that reaches port is literary, meteorological is unfamiliar with, and drags although tugboat has been used to help during berthing, due to commanding improper, ship The accident that bow and stevedoring bridge crane bump against when pool.Although some anti-impacting bearings are mounted in front of port berth, due to ship Inertia force be much larger than land automobile, braking ability is still poor, in berthing, since speed control is improper, causes Ship and harbour still have huge impact force when contacting, and cause serious consequence.When especially sea situation is bad, at sea also occur The accident that some ships and harbour bump against.
As intelligence is applied to all trades and professions more and more, it is current ship, shipping neck that ship intelligence, which also becomes, The innovation subject in domain, how to realize ship it is automatic by docking be wherein one of key technology.The intelligentized existing skill of ship In art, the unmanned manipulation technology of unmanned boat is more advanced, although there is the berthing mode of some mechanical arm crawls, but leans on Anchor alongside the shore side when still can't do without artificial participation, when ship pulls in shore, generally still need manual operation heaving pile, berth.CN 207529224 U disclose a kind of automatic docking system of ship, and harbour is stopped the real-time of edge using camera in all directions Situation is conveyed to control system, corresponds to relevant parameter according to harbour situation by control system, adjusts propulsion system by control system Running track, to realize that automatic 107672745 A of berthing function CN discloses a kind of automatic mooring gear of ship and ship, Wherein, the automatic mooring gear of the ship includes fixed column, mooring component, driving device and controller, and fixed column has court Preceding stage portion;Mooring component includes mounting cylinder and multiple claws, and one end of multiple claws is installed on mounting cylinder turnablely Front end, with retaining positions close to each other and the unbuckled position being located remotely from each other, when being in retaining positions, multiple claws are used With the stage portion clamping with fixed column, so that mooring component is fixed with fixed column, when being in unbuckled position, multiple claws are used To be unbuttoned with fixed column;Driving device is installed on mounting cylinder, and drives multiple claw overturnings, so that multiple claws are in the card It holds and switches between position and unbuckled position;Controller and the driving device are electrically connected, control driving device operating.CN A kind of automatic berthing device of ship of 204825794 U.Ship is mainly solved in berthing, the time is long, at high cost, low efficiency and The low technical problem of safety.It is characterized in that, the port berth is equipped with front electromagnet, the middle part electromagnetism being sequentially distributed Iron and rear portion electromagnet further include the control for controlling front electromagnet, middle part electromagnet and rear portion electromagnet and being powered or powering off Mechanism processed, the front electromagnet, middle part electromagnet and rear portion electromagnet respectively with the stem of ship, middle part and tail portion magnetic Inhale cooperation.Only need to connect the power supply of electromagnet, which will generate powerful magnetism, top by magnetic attraction hull Harbour.
Above patent describe the prior arts related with automatic berthing, by technology disclosed above it is found that due to ship When pulling in shore, the influence of wind speed, water flow and stormy waves to ship is the largest, and wind speed, water flow and stormy waves real-time change, at this In the case of kind, no matter using signal detection, magnetic force control or claw auxiliary, can not realize when pulling in shore to ship it is quick, Safety is smoothly precisely controlled, and can not also accomplish that completely disengaging manual operation realizes automation entering and leaving port, this becomes current system The about a great problem of quick, safe, the steady entering and leaving port of ship.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficienciess of the prior art, being realized manually, certainly the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of Dynamic cooperation control, it is ensured that the control system that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP of quick, safe, the steady entering and leaving port of ship.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of assist ship entering and leaving port using DP Control system, including measurement part, control section, power section and thruster part, thruster part include main thruster And side propeller, the measurement portion point include one for acquiring gyro compass of the ship bow to signal, one for acquiring locating for ship The anemoclinograph of environment wind direction and wind velocity signal, one for receiving the Differential Global Positioning System of satellite positioning signal, the control System part includes controller, and the manual control unit connected to the controller for driving ship's navigation and automatic control respectively Unit processed, and the information for acquiring measurement part being connected respectively with controller handle and export control instruction To thruster part to realize computer software of the scheduled ship bow to control, location control or motion control, at port It is provided on mouth or harbour and moves closer to distance for real-time monitoring ship by what wireless signal was connect with the control section Laser orientation system, when ship drives into berthing region, preset anchor point accommodation coordinate parameters and automatically control ship The distance parameter of oceangoing ship displacement starts manual control unit and manipulates ship to ship anchor point direction quick sailing, when ship navigates When row is to close to harbour, measurement portion distribution send ship actual ship position signal to controller, while laser orientation system sends ship The signal of the actual parameter of harbour distance is moved closer to controller, controller is compared by signal, when actual ship position parameter reaches To it is preset automatic control ship displacement distance parameter when, send driving ship automatic shift signal to automatically control Unit, while the signal for stopping manual manipulation being sent to manual control unit, the wind received in conjunction with measurement part, wave, stream are real-time Information sends enabling signal to main thruster and/or side propeller, changes vessel position or bow in balanced action in ship Perturbed force and disturbing moment under the premise of, control ship automatic steady is stopped to presetting anchor point.
The above-mentioned control system that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP, the laser orientation system are stopped direction along ship and existed Harbour or harbour set gradually multiple.
The above-mentioned control system that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP, the controller send driving ship automatic shift After signal to automatic control unit, computer software by comparator continuously to measurement fractional transmission come wind, wave, stream Equal real-time data signals are comprehensively compared with the accommodation coordinate parameters for presetting anchor point, are showing that acts on a ship After the vector external force or error amount of upper real-time change, controller according to vector external force and error amount, setting index constantly into Row operation calculates automatically and generates the ship trajectory for reaching setting place, while issuing and promoting to main thruster and side propeller Instruction, the vector for generating each propeller close thrust and change the thrust for making ship and outer active force with the variation of vector external force It is mobile accurately to press desired trajectory low speed for the state balanced as one.
The above-mentioned control system that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP, the manual control unit include one for realizing ship The front and rear, left and right of oceangoing ship and the manual joystick of instantaneous displacement, manual joystick are believed by shift simulation input unit and controller Number connection, further includes one sending a signal to controller when manual joystick is by displacement signal input displacement simulation input unit, Controller sends the automatic control mode switching module of pause signal to automatic control unit, and the MANUAL CONTROL mode switches mould Block is connect with controller signals.
The above-mentioned control system that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP, the automatic control unit include moving parameter input Module, the moving parameter input module are connect with controller signals, further include one when moving parameter is input to parameter input mould Controller is sent a signal to when block, controller sends the MANUAL CONTROL mode switching module of pause signal to manual control unit, The MANUAL CONTROL mode switching module is connect with controller signals.
The above-mentioned control system that ship entering and leaving port is assisted using DP, the gyro compass collect ship bow to sending out after signal It send to controller, computer software is generated control signal compared with setting course by actual heading and is output to propulsion Device acts propeller, and the deviation for keeping ship actual heading and setting between course is minimum, carries out Heading control.
The present invention assists the advantages of control system of ship entering and leaving port to be using DP: the present invention is using at a distance manually controlling Ship's navigation, the closely automatic, control mode steadily pulled in shore, can be improved ship's speed in long-distance navigation, effectively shortens ship Oceangoing ship pulls in shore the time, closely pulls in shore to assist using dynamic positioning system, can be realized vessel position, the accuracy on direction, Under the influence of wind, wave, stream, it can effectively ensure that ship is smoothly made up close to harbour by the auxiliary positioning of laser orientation system Differential Global Positioning System is unable to control the problem of ship pulls in shore automatically when swinging of signal timing so that control it is more accurate, Safety, while the actual range parameter of ship bow, stern when close to harbour can be detected in laser orientation system, passes through live signal Feedback, can accomplish to be precisely controlled main thruster and side propeller, realize the accuracy of the final stop position of ship.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that approaches automatically of the invention;
Fig. 2 is circuit structure block diagram of the invention;
Fig. 3 is the distribution map of ship main thruster and side propeller.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is described in further details the present invention;
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, a kind of control system for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP, including measurement part, control unit Point, power section and thruster part, thruster part includes main thruster and side propeller, and measurement portion point includes one for adopting Collect gyro compass of the ship bow to signal, one for acquiring the anemoclinograph of ship local environment wind direction and wind velocity signal, and one is used for Receive the Differential Global Positioning System of satellite positioning signal.Control section includes controller, and connected to the controller respectively For driving the manual control unit and automatic control unit of ship's navigation.Manual control unit includes one for realizing ship The manual joystick of front and rear, left and right and instantaneous displacement, manual joystick are connected by shift simulation input unit and controller signals It connects, further includes one sending a signal to controller when manual joystick is by displacement signal input displacement simulation input unit, control Device send pause signal to automatic control unit automatic control mode switching module, the MANUAL CONTROL mode switching module with Controller signals connection.Automatic control unit includes moving parameter input module, the moving parameter input module and controller Signal connection further includes one sending a signal to controller when moving parameter is input to parameter input module, and controller sends temporary Stop the MANUAL CONTROL mode switching module of signal to manual control unit, the MANUAL CONTROL mode switching module and controller are believed Number connection.
The invention also includes one be connected respectively with controller for will measurement part acquisition information handled and incite somebody to action Control instruction exports to thruster part soft with the computer for realizing scheduled ship bow to control, location control or motion control Part system, be provided on harbour or harbour with the control section by wireless signal connect for real-time monitoring ship by Gradually in the laser orientation system of short distance, the present invention, to obtain more accurate vessel position range information when ship reaches port, Laser orientation system sets gradually along ship stop direction in harbour or harbour multiple.
After controller sends the signal to automatic control unit of driving ship automatic shift, computer software passes through ratio Compared with device continuously to the real-time data signals such as wind, wave, the stream for measuring fractional transmission and the accommodation coordinate for presetting anchor point Parameter is comprehensively compared, after obtaining the vector external force or error amount that one acts on real-time change on ship, controller Operation is constantly carried out according to vector external force and error amount, setting index, calculates automatically and generates the navigation for reaching setting place Track, while main thruster and side propeller are issued and promote instruction, the vector for generating each propeller closes thrust with vector The variation of external force and changing makes the thrust of ship and outer active force become the state of a balance, accurately presses desired trajectory low speed It is mobile.
Specifically when reaching port, when ship drives into berthing region, accommodation coordinate parameters and the automatic control of anchor point are preset The distance parameter of ship displacement starts manual control unit and manipulates ship to ship anchor point direction quick sailing, works as ship When navigation is to close to harbour, measurement portion distribution send ship actual ship position signal to controller, while laser orientation system sends ship Oceangoing ship moves closer to the signal of the actual parameter of harbour distance to controller, and controller is compared by signal, when actual ship position parameter When reaching the distance parameter of preset automatic control ship displacement, sends and drive the signal of ship automatic shift to automatic control Unit processed, while the signal for stopping manual manipulation being sent to manual control unit, the wind received in conjunction with measurement part, wave, stream are real When information, enabling signal is sent to main thruster and/or side propeller, changes vessel position or bow in balanced action in ship Under the premise of the perturbed force and disturbing moment of oceangoing ship, control ship automatic steady is stopped to presetting anchor point.Gyro compass acquisition Controller is sent to after to ship bow to signal, computer software generates control by actual heading compared with setting course Signal processed is output to propeller, acts propeller, and the deviation for keeping ship actual heading and setting between course is minimum, carries out Heading control.
Above-mentioned technical proposal describes the control system and method for ship entry, and certainly, ship, equally can be with when leaving the port According to final destination and course, the orientation to be driven out to is preset, ship is used first certainly according to preset orientation The mode manually controlled after dynamic realizes that safety of ship leaves the port.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, the art Those of ordinary skill, within the essential scope of the present invention, the variations, modifications, additions or substitutions made all should belong to the present invention Protection scope.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of control system for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP, including measurement part, control section, power section and thrust Device part, thruster part include main thruster and side propeller, it is characterised in that: the measurement portion point includes one for acquiring Ship bow is to the gyro compass of signal, and one for acquiring the anemoclinograph of ship local environment wind direction and wind velocity signal, and one for connecing The Differential Global Positioning System of satellite positioning signal is received, the control section includes controller, and connect respectively with controller For driving the manual control unit and automatic control unit of ship's navigation, and what is be connected respectively with controller be used to survey Amount part acquisition information carry out handle and control instruction is exported to thruster part with realize scheduled ship bow to control, Location control or the computer software of motion control are provided on harbour or harbour and pass through wirelessly with the control section The laser orientation system that distance is moved closer to for real-time monitoring ship of signal connection, when ship drives into berthing region, in advance It first sets the accommodation coordinate parameters of anchor point and automatically controls the distance parameter of ship displacement, start manual control unit and manipulate Ship is to ship anchor point direction quick sailing, and when ship's navigation is to close to harbour, ship actual ship position is sent in measurement portion distribution Signal to controller, while laser orientation system send ship move closer to harbour distance actual parameter signal to controlling Device, controller are compared by signal, when actual ship position parameter reaches the distance parameter of preset automatic control ship displacement When, the signal of driving ship automatic shift is sent to automatic control unit, while being sent and being stopped the signal of manual manipulation to manual Control unit, the wind received in conjunction with measurement part, wave, stream real time information send starting letter to main thruster and/or side propeller Number, change vessel position or bow under the premise of perturbed force and disturbing moment of the balanced action in ship, control ship is automatic It is steady to stop to presetting anchor point.
2. the control system according to claim 1 for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP, it is characterized in that: the laser positioning System sets gradually along ship stop direction in harbour or harbour multiple.
3. the control system according to claim 1 for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP, it is characterized in that: the controller is sent out After the signal to automatic control unit for sending driving ship automatic shift, computer software is by comparator continuously to measurement The real-time data signals such as wind, wave, the stream that fractional transmission comes are comprehensively compared with the accommodation coordinate parameters for presetting anchor point, After obtaining the vector external force or error amount that one acts on real-time change on ship, controller is according to vector external force and error Value, setting index constantly carry out operation, calculate automatically and generate the ship trajectory for reaching setting place, while to main thruster And side propeller issues and promotes instruction, the vector for generating each propeller closes thrust with the variation of vector external force and changing makes ship The thrust of oceangoing ship and outer active force become the state of a balance, and it is mobile accurately to press desired trajectory low speed.
4. the control system according to claim 1 for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP, it is characterized in that: described manually control Unit includes one for realizing the front and rear, left and right of ship and the manual joystick of instantaneous displacement, and manual joystick passes through displacement mould Quasi- input unit is connect with controller signals, further includes one working as manual joystick for displacement signal input displacement simulation input unit When send a signal to controller, controller sends automatic control mode switching module of the pause signal to automatic control unit, institute MANUAL CONTROL mode switching module is stated to connect with controller signals.
5. the control system according to claim 1 for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP, it is characterized in that: the automatic control Unit includes moving parameter input module, and the moving parameter input module is connect with controller signals, further includes one when movement Parameter sends a signal to controller when being input to parameter input module, controller sends the hand of pause signal to manual control unit Dynamic control mode switch module, the MANUAL CONTROL mode switching module are connect with controller signals.
6. the control system according to claim 1 for assisting ship entering and leaving port using DP, it is characterized in that: the gyro compass is adopted Collect ship bow and is generated compared with setting course to controller, computer software is sent to after signal by actual heading Control signal is output to propeller, acts propeller, and the deviation for keeping ship actual heading and setting between course is minimum, into Row Heading control.
CN201910400280.8A 2019-05-13 2019-05-13 Control system for assisting ship to enter and exit port by utilizing DP Expired - Fee Related CN110254648B (en)

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CN114466788A (en) * 2019-10-07 2022-05-10 川崎重工业株式会社 Ship steering support system
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