CN110253975A - 铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构,本发明实现表面材料层主要成份为含铁超过40%(Wt%)且含铟超过30%(Wt%),由许多直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒组成的复合微晶,形成一个环状复合微晶,不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙,具有良好的储油作用,与表面织构单元的储油一起,能长期有效减少微动疲劳、微动腐蚀,能有效改变流经的液体或气体的路径和状态和速度等参数,尤其能在零件表面的磁流变液形成微磁体的复合粘弹性磁流变液状态。
Description
技术领域
在本发明涉及铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构。
背景技术
由铁铟环状复合微晶组成的表面材料层,具有独特的性能;在铁铟环状复合微晶组成的表面材料层加工表面织构单元,形成铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构,可用在减少微动磨损、微动疲劳、微动腐蚀等领域;还能约束流动的液体或气体,从而改变流经的液体或气体的路径和状态和速度等,有效改变流经的液体或气体的路径和状态和速度等参数,具有实用价值。
本发明的一种铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构,可应用于减少微动磨损引起机械和汽车等产品失效,和有效改变流经的液体或气体的路径和状态和速度等参数等领域。
文献检索和专利检索结果,目前国内还没有含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%(Wt%)的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的相关专利文献报导。
发明内容
本发明的任务是提供一种铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构,本发明的任务是通过如下技术方案来实现的:本发明的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构是在零件设一表面材料层,表面材料层主要成份为含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%( Wt%),由不少于4个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成复合球微晶单元、分布组成密闭状的外环或缺口小于2μm的外环,环内密排许多的单个直径小于200nm的晶粒或由不少于2个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成的复合微晶,形成一个环状复合微晶,不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙;零件表面材料层和基体材料成为一体;在具有铁铟环状复合微晶的零件表面材料层加工表面织构,表面织构由许多表面织构单元组成,形成铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构。
所述的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的环状复合微晶的形状和尺寸可以变化。
所述的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的表面织构单元是圆形或椭圆形等;表面织构单元的间距大小和分布密度根据机械零件受到作用力大小及运动速度快慢进行设计;各表面织构单元尺寸:最大长度≤400μm,最大宽度≤400μm,最大深度≤50μm。
与现有技术比较,本发明的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的的相关技术有重大改进:① CN102918182A(公开日为20130206)专利,其抗微动磨损层的金相组织以铜为主要原料,还可以含有铟和铁,铁在铜基合金中的含量为0.2wt%-0.5wt%,铜混合晶粒为纳米尺寸且优选定向的形成得到支持,或至少不受阻碍,使得抗微动磨损层具备更均匀的性能分布;本发明的表面材料层中,含铁超过40%( Wt%)、含铟超过30%( Wt%),铁与铟为主要成份,组成成份明显不同,铁铟环状复合微晶的铁离子铟离子之间的结构和离子比例和离子结合方式与CN102918182A的铜混合晶粒不同;CN102918182A的铜混合晶粒只能实现“优选定向”的普通技术,本发明实现 “铁铟环状复合微晶形成一个环状复合微晶、不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙” 的铁铟环状复合微晶技术,有明显不同。②授权专利“铟铁复合球微晶复合层(ZL201410481181.4)”、“ 铟铁复合球微晶复合层表面织构(ZL201410481180.2)”,其“表面材料层的金相组织具有含铟超过50%( Wt%)且铟和铁的总含量超过55%( Wt%)的复合球微晶单元,铟铁复合球微晶单元呈以行为单位或以列为单位近似规则密排阵列”,与本发明的表面材料层的“含铁超过40%( Wt%)、含铟超过30%( Wt%)”成份明显不同,复合微晶单元的排列方式也明显不同;由于组成成份不同,铁铟环状复合微晶的铁离子铟离子之间的结构和离子比例和离子结合方式与“铟铁复合球微晶复合层(ZL201410481181.4)”、“ 铟铁复合球微晶复合层表面织构(ZL201410481180.2)” 的复合球微晶单元不同,而且本发明是关于“铁铟环状复合微晶形成一个环状复合微晶、不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙”,复合微晶单元的排列方式的技术原理与“铟铁复合球微晶复合层(ZL201410481181.4)”、“ 铟铁复合球微晶复合层表面织构(ZL201410481180.2)”明显不同;③授权专利“铟铁网状球复合微晶复合层(ZL201410481176.3)”、“ 铟铁网状球复合微晶复合层表面织构(ZL201410481178.2)”,其“表面材料层主要的主要成份为含铟超过50%( Wt%)且铟和铁的总含量超过55%( Wt%),由不少于4个的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成体积较大的铟铁复合球微晶单元按一定规律分布组成网格,网格内密排许多的单个晶粒或由不少于2个球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成体积较小铟铁微晶单元”,与本发明相比,明显不同 ,主要体现在:A,本发明的“表面材料层主要成份为含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%( Wt%)”,组成成份明显不同;B,本发明的复合微晶的排列是“形成一个环状复合微晶”,排列形式明显不同;C,本发明的“不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙”,是离散的,而“铟铁网状球复合微晶复合层(ZL201410481176.3)”、“ 铟铁网状球复合微晶复合层表面织构(ZL201410481178.2)”中的“铟铁复合球微晶单元按一定规律分布组成网格”,不同的网格之间是紧密相连接的。由于组成成份不同,铁铟环状复合微晶的铁离子铟离子之间的结构和离子比例和离子结合方式与“铟铁网状球复合微晶复合层(ZL201410481176.3)”、“ 铟铁网状球复合微晶复合层表面织构(ZL201410481178.2)” 的复合球微晶单元不同,且复合微晶单元的排列技术原理也明显不同;④授权专利铟镁内凹微晶复合层 (ZL201410481279.X)、铟镁内凹微晶复合层表面织构(ZL 201410481282.1)、铟铝复合球微晶复合层表面织构(ZL 201410481278.5)、铟铝复合球微晶复合层 (ZL 201410481275.1)、铟镁复合球微晶复合层 (ZL201410481213.0) 、铟镁复合球微晶复合层表面织构(ZL 201410481208.X)的内容与本发明明显不同。⑤CN101804551A 的《微纳复合织构化刀具的飞秒激光制备方法》和CN2692409的《轴瓦》授权专利,本发明的内容与之明显不同。因此,本发明的相关技术具有明显重大改进,具有明显的创造性。
本发明者经过多年来的深入研究,发现机械零件表面发生相对运动过程中,尤其在存在微动磨损的机械零件接触表面,铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的含铁超过40%(Wt%)且含铟超过30%( Wt%)材料具有良好的自润滑性能,铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的晶粒间具有贮油自润滑性能,与各表面织构单元的润滑油润滑一起形成复合的润滑形式,提升了润滑性能,能有效减少摩擦副的摩擦磨损、减少微动疲劳、微动腐蚀性能;用具有铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的零件约束流动速度小于0.5m/s的液体或气体,尤其在磁流变领域的磁流变液,铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的有效改变流经的液体或气体的路径和状态和速度等作用机理,与大都数国内外学者已见报导的内容有较大不同;具有铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的零件能在零件表面的磁流变液形成微磁体的复合粘弹性磁流变液状态,因此,研究铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构具有重要的应用价值和实用意义。
本发明的有益效果是,能长期有效减少微动疲劳、微动腐蚀,能有效改变流经的液体或气体的路径和状态和速度等参数,尤其能在零件表面的磁流变液形成微磁体的复合粘弹性磁流变液状态,使用方便,结构简单,适用性强,且应用成本适宜,适合批量生产的特点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例1的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的结构示意图。
图2-1至图2-3为本发明实施例1的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的表面材料层的样品的能谱图。
附图中,1-表面材料层,2--圆形的表面织构单元,3-基体材料。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
实施例1
图1为本发明实施例1的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的结构示意图,图2为本发明实施例1的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的表面材料层的样品的能谱图。附图中,1为表面材料层,2为圆形的表面织构单元,3为基体材料。
本发明的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构特征在于:在干燥洁净的空气环境中,将40Cr钢材料在170℃条件的保温5分钟,快速冷却,通过机械加工方法制成机械零件,在零件的相应表面进行磨削加工、清洁、除油、除锈后,进行精磨、超声波清洗、干燥后,在零件设一表面材料层,表面材料层主要成份为含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%( Wt%),由不少于4个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成复合球微晶单元、分布组成密闭状的外环或缺口小于2μm的外环,环内密排许多的单个直径小于200nm的晶粒或由不少于2个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成的复合微晶,形成一个环状复合微晶,不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙;零件表面材料层和基体材料即40Cr钢材料成为一体。
在具有表面材料层1的零件表面加工表面织构,表面织构由众多圆形的表面织构单元2组成,圆形的表面织构单元2的最大直径≤350μm,最大深度≤40μm,各圆形的表面织构单元2的底部呈圆弧形或近似圆弧形,如图1所示;圆形的表面织构单元2均匀分布,表面织构的分布密度为0.1;然后进行清洗、干燥,形成铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构。
图2为本发明实施例1的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的表面材料层的样品的能谱图,从图2的两能谱图可得,零件表面材料层1的主要成份为含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%( Wt%);对应的扫描电镜图像可得,由不少于4个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成复合球微晶单元、分布组成密闭状的外环或缺口小于2μm的外环,环内密排许多由不少于2个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成的复合微晶,形成一个环状复合微晶,不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于20nm的间隙。
本发明实现表面材料层主要成份为含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%( Wt%),由许多直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒组成的复合微晶,形成一个环状复合微晶,不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙,具有良好的储油作用,与表面织构单元的储油一起,能长期有效减少微动疲劳、微动腐蚀,能有效改变流经的液体或气体的路径和状态和速度等参数,尤其能在零件表面的磁流变液形成微磁体的复合粘弹性磁流变液状态。
Claims (3)
1.铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构, 其特征在于: 本发明的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构是在零件设一表面材料层,表面材料层主要成份为含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%( Wt%),由不少于4个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成复合球微晶单元、分布组成密闭状的外环或缺口小于2μm的外环,环内密排许多的单个直径小于200nm的晶粒或由不少于2个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成的复合微晶,形成一个环状复合微晶,不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙;零件表面材料层和基体材料成为一体;在具有铁铟环状复合微晶的零件表面材料层加工表面织构,表面织构由许多表面织构单元组成,形成铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构,其特征在于:所述的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构的环状复合微晶的形状和尺寸可以变化。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构,其特征在于:在干燥洁净的空气环境中,将40Cr钢材料在170℃条件的保温5分钟,快速冷却,通过机械加工方法制成机械零件,在零件的相应表面进行磨削加工、清洁、除油、除锈后,进行精磨、超声波清洗、干燥后,在零件设一表面材料层,表面材料层主要成份为含铁超过40%( Wt%)且含铟超过30%(Wt%),由不少于4个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成复合球微晶单元、分布组成密闭状的外环或缺口小于2μm的外环,环内密排许多的单个直径小于200nm的晶粒或由不少于2个直径小于200nm的球状晶粒或近似球状晶粒紧密结合组成的复合微晶,形成一个环状复合微晶,不同的环状复合微晶之间存在大于10nm的间隙;零件表面材料层和基体材料即40Cr钢材料成为一体;在具有表面材料层的零件表面加工表面织构,表面织构由众多圆形的表面织构单元组成,圆形的表面织构单元的最大直径≤350μm,最大深度≤40μm,各圆形的表面织构单元的底部呈圆弧形或近似圆弧形;圆形的表面织构单元均匀分布,表面织构的分布密度为0.1;然后进行清洗、干燥,形成铁铟环状复合微晶复合表面织构。
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