CN110253212B - Hot shearing method of aluminum bar hot shearing machine - Google Patents
Hot shearing method of aluminum bar hot shearing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110253212B CN110253212B CN201910415495.7A CN201910415495A CN110253212B CN 110253212 B CN110253212 B CN 110253212B CN 201910415495 A CN201910415495 A CN 201910415495A CN 110253212 B CN110253212 B CN 110253212B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D—PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23D79/00—Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hot shearing method of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, conveying a long aluminum bar in a heating furnace to a hot shearing machine forwards; secondly, the rear roller assembly of the hot shearing machine conveys the long aluminum bar forwards continuously, the length-fixing mechanism of the hot shearing machine is opened to block the front end of the long aluminum bar, the position of the long aluminum bar is limited, and at the moment, the movable cutter holder and the fixed cutter holder of the hot shearing machine are matched to perform hot shearing operation on the long aluminum bar to shear the short aluminum bar with the required length; step three, returning the rest long aluminum bars into the heating furnace, and feeding the cut short aluminum bars into a subsequent extruder for extrusion forming; and step four, repeating the step one to the step three to finish the multiple hot shearing of the long aluminum bar. The invention can effectively reduce the aluminum bar loss in the hot shearing process and greatly improve the material utilization rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hot shearing method of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum profile production equipment.
Background
At present, aluminum bar extruders are mainly used to produce profiles of different specifications. At present, in the extrusion production of industrial aluminum profiles, the traditional production and manufacturing process is as follows: firstly, melting and casting an aluminum ingot into a long aluminum bar with the length of about 6-8 m, sawing the long aluminum bar into short aluminum bars by using a sawing machine, then arranging and stacking the short aluminum bars on a conveying chain of a heating furnace, heating the short aluminum bars in the furnace to an extrusion temperature, and finally manually feeding the short aluminum bars into an extruder to extrude a profile. In the existing production and manufacturing process, the long aluminum bar is squashed by a milling rod which needs manual operation, a saw blade needs to be replaced periodically, the squashed milling rod affects the yield and the production environment, the production cost is high, in addition, the length consistency of the short bar is poor, the use requirement of an extrusion die cannot be always met, and the improper length can affect the production scheduling and the yield. Aiming at the problems, a hydraulic cold shearing machine is developed and developed on the market, an aluminum bar is sheared into a short aluminum bar by a hydraulic shearing machine at room temperature, and then the short aluminum bar is placed in a short bar heating furnace to be heated and then extruded. In order to solve the problems, a hot shearing machine is developed in the market, a long aluminum bar is firstly sent into a heating furnace to be heated, then the heated long aluminum bar is hot-sheared into short aluminum bars meeting the requirements according to the requirements, and then the short aluminum bars are sent into an extruder to extrude the section bar. The hot shears in the current market usually have the following two situations when carrying out hot shearing on aluminum bars:
1. when the aluminum bar is cut to the last, the residual length is slightly larger than or slightly smaller than the fixed length, and then when the aluminum bar is cut, an aluminum bar slice is cut at the tail end of the aluminum bar or the front end of the next long aluminum bar, so that the material loss of the aluminum bar is wasted;
2. the aluminum bar is sheared to the end, the residual length is between 1 time fixed length and 2 times fixed length, and at the moment, if one section of waste material still exists when shearing according to the fixed length, the loss of the aluminum bar is increased, and the material utilization rate is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a hot shearing method of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine in the prior art, which can effectively reduce the loss of aluminum bars in the hot shearing process and greatly improve the utilization rate of materials.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: a hot shearing method of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine, comprising the following steps:
firstly, conveying a long aluminum bar in a heating furnace to a hot shearing machine forwards;
secondly, the rear roller assembly of the hot shearing machine conveys the long aluminum bar forwards continuously, the length-fixing mechanism of the hot shearing machine is opened to block the front end of the long aluminum bar, the position of the long aluminum bar is limited, and at the moment, the movable cutter holder and the fixed cutter holder of the hot shearing machine are matched to perform hot shearing operation on the long aluminum bar to shear the short aluminum bar with the required length;
step three, returning the rest long aluminum bars into the heating furnace, and feeding the cut short aluminum bars into a subsequent extruder for extrusion forming;
step four, repeating the step one to the step three to finish multiple hot shearing of the long aluminum bar;
when the residual length of the long aluminum bar after multiple hot shearing is slightly larger or smaller than the fixed length but does not affect the molding of the extruder, the hot shearing operation is not carried out, the front end of the aluminum bar is clamped and fixed by the bar buckling block on the fixed length mechanism and pulled out forwards, and the aluminum bar is sent to a next extruder for molding;
when the residual length of the long aluminum bar is between 1-time fixed length and 2-time fixed length after multiple times of hot shearing, shearing the residual length aluminum bar into a front short bar and a rear short bar which are approximately equal, clamping the rear short bar by a bar clamping mechanism, ejecting the front short bar by the rear long aluminum bar at the moment, shearing the rear short bar by a hot shearing machine to form a next short bar, and feeding the front short bar with the length being matched to the fixed length into a rear extruder for molding; and returning the next long aluminum rod into the heating furnace, putting down the rear short rod by the rod clamping mechanism, ejecting the rear short rod by the next long aluminum rod, shearing the next long aluminum rod by a hot shearing machine to form a section of short rod, supplementing the rear short rod to a fixed length by the section of short rod, and feeding the rear short rod to the fixed length into a rear extruder for forming.
Furthermore, the hot shearing machine comprises a frame, a fixed cutter seat and a movable cutter seat are arranged on the frame, a main oil cylinder is arranged at the top of the frame, the lower end of the main oil cylinder is connected with the movable cutter seat, the main oil cylinder can drive the movable cutter seat to do up-down movement, a rear roller assembly is arranged on the rear side of the frame, a rod receiving translation mechanism and a rod returning mechanism are arranged on the front side of the movable cutter seat, the rod returning mechanism is located above the rod receiving translation mechanism, a fixed size mechanism is arranged on one side of the rod receiving translation mechanism, a rod clamping mechanism is arranged above the rear roller assembly, and a rod ejecting mechanism is arranged below the rear roller assembly.
Furthermore, the sizing mechanism comprises a sizing frame, a sizing frame capable of moving in the front-back direction is arranged on the sizing frame, a fixed support is arranged on the front side of the sizing frame, a sizing blocking rod assembly is hinged to the fixed support, an air cylinder frame is arranged on the back side of the sizing frame, an air cylinder seat is arranged on the air cylinder frame, a first air cylinder is hinged to the air cylinder seat, the first air cylinder is connected with the sizing blocking rod assembly through a connecting rod mechanism, and the sizing blocking rod assembly can be driven to be opened outwards or retracted inwards through the ejection or retraction action of the first air cylinder.
Furthermore, the connecting rod mechanism comprises a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, one end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the end of a piston rod of a first air cylinder, the other end of the first connecting rod is hinged with the second connecting rod, the other end of the second connecting rod is hinged with the sizing stop rod assembly, and the middle part of the first connecting rod is hinged with an air cylinder frame; when the first air cylinder is gradually ejected outwards to the position where the sizing stop rod assembly is perpendicular to the sizing vehicle frame, the hinge point of the first connecting rod and the first air cylinder frame and the hinge point of the two ends of the second connecting rod are located on the same straight line.
Furthermore, the fixed-length bar blocking assembly comprises a bar blocking frame, one end of the bar blocking frame is hinged to the fixed support through a pin shaft, a bar blocking surface is arranged on the rear side of the bar blocking frame, a spring seat is arranged on one side of the bar blocking frame, an ejector rod penetrates through the spring seat, a spring is arranged between the ejector rod and the spring seat, an induction switch is arranged on the outer side of the spring seat, an induction part is arranged on the inner side of the spring seat and comprises a middle hinged part, a left oscillating bar and a right oscillating bar are arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle hinged part respectively, the middle hinged part is hinged to the bar blocking frame through the pin shaft, the induction switch is arranged at a position close to the outer end of the left oscillating bar, the ejector rod abuts against the middle part of the left oscillating bar, a through hole.
Furthermore, the left side and the right side of the rod blocking surface are symmetrically provided with buckling rod blocks, the middle of each buckling rod block is hinged to the rod blocking frame through a pin shaft, the front side of the rod blocking frame is provided with a second cylinder, and the left end and the right end of the second cylinder are hinged to the front ends of the left buckling rod block and the right buckling rod block respectively.
Still further, the press from both sides excellent mechanism includes the guide rail frame, the guide rail frame is fixed to be set up in the frame, guide rail frame rear side is provided with a crane that can reciprocate, two support pivots about the crane lower part is provided with, two lower swing arms of arranging down around being provided with in the support pivot, the support pivot middle part is provided with an last swing arm of arranging up, go up between two lower swing arms around the swing arm is located, control and be provided with the third cylinder between two last swing arms of support pivot, the third cylinder both ends are articulated with two last swing arm upper ends of controlling respectively, are provided with the arm lock between two lower swing arm lower extremes around same support pivot.
Furthermore, a left third guide rail and a right third guide rail are arranged on the rear side of the guide rail frame along the vertical direction, a left group of third sliding blocks and a right group of third sliding blocks are arranged on the front side of the lifting frame, the left group of third sliding blocks and the right group of third sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the left third guide rail and the right third guide rail, and the third sliding blocks are matched with the third guide rails; the lifting frame is fixedly provided with a fourth cylinder, the top of the guide rail frame is provided with a cylinder ear, and the upper end of the fourth cylinder is hinged with the cylinder ear.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the buckling bar block is arranged on the sizing mechanism, when the long aluminum bar is sheared until the residual length is slightly larger than or slightly smaller than the sizing length (the residual length does not influence the normal work of the extruder), no hot shearing operation is required at the moment (the previous aluminum bar or the next aluminum bar can be caused to generate an aluminum bar sheet), the head of the aluminum bar can be directly clamped by the buckling bar block to pull the aluminum bar out of the rack forwards (the aluminum bar cannot be ejected by the bar ejecting mechanism when the aluminum bar is not sheared), so that the aluminum bar is smoothly moved out by the bar receiving and transversely moving mechanism, the production efficiency is improved, and the loss of the aluminum bar is reduced;
2. according to the invention, the rod clamping mechanism is arranged on the rear side of the rack, when a front long aluminum rod is sheared until the residual length is between 1 time of the fixed length and less than 2 times of the fixed length, the aluminum rod with the residual length can be sheared into a front short rod and a rear short rod (both of which are less than the fixed length), the rear short rod is clamped by the rod clamping mechanism, the rear long aluminum rod is sheared into a section of short rod, the section of short rod and the front short rod are fed into the extruder together after being supplemented to the fixed length, at the moment, the rear short rod is put down by the rod clamping mechanism, the rear long aluminum rod is sheared into a section of short rod, and the section of short rod and the rear short rod are fed into the extruder together after being supplemented to the fixed length, so that the loss of the aluminum rod is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another perspective view of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a front view of an aluminum bar hot shears of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a right side view of fig. 3.
Fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 3.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the matching relationship among the rack, the movable tool apron and the front clamping plate in fig. 3.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the fit between the movable tool post and the front clamping plate in FIG. 7.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the matching relationship among the rack, the stationary knife seat and the rear clamping plate in fig. 3.
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the fit relationship between the stationary blade holder, the rear clamping plate and the left support plate in FIG. 9.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of the left support plate in fig. 10.
Fig. 12 is a schematic perspective view of the sizing mechanism in fig. 3.
Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the sizing mechanism of fig. 3 from another perspective.
Figure 14 is a front view of the sizing mechanism of figure 3.
Fig. 15 is a top view of fig. 14.
Fig. 16 is a side view of fig. 14.
Fig. 17 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 14.
Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the first and second links in a dead center position.
Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the sizing bar assembly of fig. 14.
Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the stop bar assembly of fig. 14 from another perspective.
FIG. 21 is a front view of the set of sizing bars of FIG. 14.
Fig. 22 is a top view of fig. 21.
Fig. 23 is a side view of fig. 21.
Fig. 24 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 21.
Fig. 25 is a schematic perspective view of the rod clamping mechanism in fig. 3.
FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the rod clamping mechanism of FIG. 3 from another perspective.
Fig. 27 is a schematic perspective view of the rod clamping mechanism of fig. 3 with a shield.
Wherein:
Left brace 2.1
Right brace 2.2
Top plate 2.3
First positioning groove 2.4
Second positioning groove 2.5
Connecting bolt hole 2.6
Rod connecting translation mechanism 8
Translational support 8.1
Translation rail 8.2
Translation stage 8.3
Roller 8.4 of support rod
Connecting socket 8.5
Translation cylinder 8.6
Sizing mechanism 10
Sizing frame 10.1
Fixed-length vehicle frame 10.2
Fixed support 10.3
Sizing stop rod assembly 10.4
Bar blocking rack 10.4.1
Stop rod surface 10.4.2
Spring seat 10.4.3
Ejector pin 10.4.4
Spring 10.4.5
Inductive switch 10.4.6
Sensing piece 10.4.7
Intermediate hinge 10.4.7.1
Left swing link 10.4.7.2
Right swing link 10.4.7.3
Through-hole 10.4.8
Buckle stick block 10.4.9
Second cylinder 10.4.10
Cylinder frame 10.5
Cylinder block 10.6
First cylinder 10.7
Link mechanism 10.8
First link 10.8.1
Second link 10.8.2
Drive screw 10.9
Speed reducer 10.10
Drive nut 10.11
Second guide rail 10.12
Second slider 10.13
Clamping bar mechanism 11
Guide rail bracket 11.1
Lifting frame 11.2
Supporting shaft 11.3
Connecting arm 11.4
Lower swing arm 11.5
Upper swing arm 11.6
Third cylinder 11.7
11.8 of the clamping arm;
third guide rail 11.9
Third slide 11.10
Fourth cylinder 11.11
Cylinder lug 11.12
Cover 11.13
Upper pressing oil cylinder 15
Lower hold-down cylinder 18
Pressing plate 19
The guide projection 26 is positioned.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the aluminum bar hot shearing machine in the embodiment includes a base 1, a frame 2 is disposed on the base 1, a fixed cutter holder 3 and a movable cutter holder 4 are disposed on the frame 2, a main oil cylinder 5 is disposed at the top of the frame 2, a lower end of the main oil cylinder 5 is connected to the movable cutter holder 4, the main oil cylinder 5 can drive the movable cutter holder 4 to move up and down, a rear roller frame 6 is disposed at the rear side of the frame 2, a rear roller assembly 7 is disposed on the rear roller frame 6, a bar receiving translation mechanism 8 and a bar withdrawing mechanism 9 are disposed at the front side of the movable cutter holder 4, the bar withdrawing mechanism 9 is disposed above the bar receiving translation mechanism 8, a sizing mechanism 10 is disposed at the front side of the frame 2, the sizing mechanism 10 is disposed at one side of the bar receiving translation mechanism 8, a bar clamping mechanism 11 is disposed at the rear side of the frame 2, and the bar clamping mechanism 11 is disposed above the rear roller assembly 7, a rod ejecting mechanism 12 is arranged below the rear roller assembly 7;
the fixed knife holder 3 is provided with fixed scissors 13 and a rear clamping plate 14, the rear clamping plate 14 is positioned above the fixed scissors 13, the top of the fixed knife holder 3 is provided with an upper pressing oil cylinder 15, the lower end of the upper pressing oil cylinder 15 is connected with the rear clamping plate 14, the movable knife holder 4 is provided with a movable scissors 16 and a front clamping plate 17, the front clamping plate 17 is positioned below the movable scissors 16, the bottom of the movable knife holder 4 is provided with a lower pressing oil cylinder 18, and the upper end of the lower pressing oil cylinder 18 is connected with the front clamping plate 17;
the frame 2 comprises a left support plate 2.1 and a right support plate 2.2, a top plate 2.3 is arranged between the tops of the left support plate 2.1 and the right support plate 2.2, and the main oil cylinder 5 is fixedly arranged on the top plate 2.3;
referring to fig. 7 and 8, a pressing plate 19 is arranged on the front sides of the left support plate 2.1 and the right support plate 2.2, a first guide rail 20 is arranged on the back surface of the pressing plate 19, the front clamping plate 17 is placed on the movable cutter holder 4, first sliding blocks 21 are arranged on the left side and the right side of the front surfaces of the movable cutter holder 4 and the front clamping plate 17, and the first sliding blocks 21 and the first guide rail 20 are matched with each other to form a linear guide rail structure;
the front surface of the movable cutter holder 4 is provided with a guide groove 22, the front surface of the front clamping plate 17 is provided with a guide plate 23, the guide plate 23 is arranged in the guide groove 22, and the sliding block 21 on the front clamping plate 17 is fixedly arranged on the guide plate 23;
referring to fig. 9 to 11, a first positioning groove 2.4 and a second positioning groove 2.5 are formed in the inner sides of the left support plate 2.1 and the right support plate 2.2 along the vertical direction, the second positioning groove 2.5 is located above the first positioning groove 2.4, a plurality of connecting bolt holes 2.6 are respectively formed in the first positioning groove 2.4 and the second positioning groove 2.5, positioning bosses 24 are arranged on the left and right sides of the positioning holder 3, the positioning bosses 24 are matched with the first positioning groove 2.4, sliding grooves 25 are formed in the left and right sides of the rear clamping plate 14 along the vertical direction, positioning guide projections 26 are arranged in the sliding grooves 25, and the positioning guide projections 26 are matched with the second positioning grooves 2.5;
the rod receiving translation mechanism 8 comprises a translation support 8.1, a front translation rail 8.2 and a rear translation rail 8.2 are arranged on the translation support 8.1 along the horizontal direction, translation platforms 8.3 are arranged on the front translation rail 8.2 and the rear translation rail 8.2, two rows of rod supporting rollers 8.4 are symmetrically arranged on the translation platforms 8.3 in the left-right direction, a connecting seat 8.5 is arranged at the bottom of each translation platform 8.3, a translation cylinder 8.6 is arranged on one side of the translation support 8.1, and the piston rod end of each translation cylinder 8.6 is connected with the connecting seat 8.5;
referring to fig. 12 to 24, the sizing mechanism 10 includes a sizing frame 10.1, a sizing frame 10.2 capable of moving in the front-back direction is disposed on the sizing frame 10.1, a fixed support 10.3 is disposed on the front surface of the sizing frame 10.2, a sizing bar assembly 10.4 is hinged on the fixed support 10.3, a cylinder frame 10.5 is disposed on the back surface of the sizing frame 10.2, a cylinder frame 10.6 is disposed on the cylinder frame 10.5, a first cylinder 10.7 is hinged on the cylinder frame 10.6, the first cylinder 10.7 is connected with the sizing bar assembly 10.4 through a link mechanism 10.8, and the sizing bar assembly 10.4 can be driven to open outwards or retract inwards through the ejecting or retracting action of the first cylinder 10.7;
a transmission screw rod 10.9 is arranged on the sizing rack 10.1 along the front-back direction, the transmission screw rod 10.9 is driven by a speed reducer 10.10, a transmission nut 10.11 is arranged on the transmission screw rod 10.9, and the cylinder frame 10.5 is connected with the transmission nut 10.11;
two second guide rails 10.12 are arranged on one side of the sizing frame 10.1 in parallel from top to bottom, an upper group of second sliding blocks 10.13 and a lower group of second sliding blocks 10.13 are arranged on the back surface of the sizing frame 10.2, the upper group of second sliding blocks 10.13 and the lower group of second sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the upper group of second guide rails 10.12 and the lower group of second sliding blocks 10.13, and the second guide rails 10.12 and the second sliding blocks 10.13 are matched to form a linear guide rail structure;
the link mechanism 10.8 comprises a first link 10.8.1 and a second link 10.8.2, one end of the first link 10.8.1 is hinged with the end of the piston rod of the first cylinder 10.7, the other end of the first link 10.8.1 is hinged with the second link 10.8.2, the other end of the second link 10.8.2 is hinged with the sizing stop rod assembly 10.4, and the middle part of the first link 10.8.1 is hinged with the cylinder frame 10.5;
when the first air cylinder 10.7 is gradually ejected outwards to a position where the sizing bar assembly 10.4 and the sizing frame 10.2 are perpendicular to each other (in this state, the sizing bar assembly 10.4 can perform sizing positioning on the aluminum rod), the hinge point of the first connecting rod 10.8.1 and the first air cylinder frame 10.7 and the hinge point of the two ends of the second connecting rod 10.8.2 are positioned on the same straight line to form a dead point position, so that the positions of the air cylinder and the connecting rod mechanism can be effectively prevented from being changed when the aluminum rod impacts the sizing bar assembly, the position of the sizing bar assembly cannot be deflected in the sizing process, and the accuracy of the sizing positioning of the aluminum rod is greatly improved;
the sizing bar blocking component 10.4 comprises a bar blocking frame 10.4.1, one end of the bar blocking frame 10.4.1 is hinged with the fixed support 10.3 through a pin shaft, a bar blocking surface 10.4.2 is arranged at the rear side of the bar blocking frame 10.4.1, a spring seat 10.4.3 is arranged at one side of the bar blocking frame 10.4.1, a top rod 10.4.4 is arranged in the spring seat 10.4.3 in a penetrating way, a spring 10.4.5 is arranged between the top rod 10.4.4 and the spring seat 10.4.3, the outer side of the spring seat 10.4.3 is provided with a sensing switch 10.4.6, the inner side of the spring seat 10.4.3 is provided with a sensing piece 10.4.7, the sensing piece 10.4.7 comprises a middle hinge part 10.4.7.1, a left swing rod 10.4.7.2 and a right swing rod 10.4.7.3 are respectively arranged at the left side and the right side of the middle hinge part 10.4.7.1, the middle hinge 10.4.7.1 is hinged with the bar blocking frame 10.4.1 through a pin shaft, the inductive switch 10.4.6 is arranged near the outer end of the left swing link 10.4.7.2, the ejector rod 10.4.4 is abutted against the middle part of the left swing rod 10.4.7.2, a through hole 10.4.8 is formed in the rod blocking surface 10.4.2, and the outer end of the right swing rod 10.4.7.3 is exposed out of the through hole 10.4.8;
the left side and the right side of the rod blocking surface 10.4.2 are symmetrically provided with buckling rod blocks 10.4.9, the middle part of the buckling rod block 10.4.9 is hinged with the rod blocking frame 10.4.1 through a pin shaft, the front side of the rod blocking frame 10.4.1 is provided with a second air cylinder 10.4.10, and the left end and the right end of the second air cylinder 10.4.10 are respectively hinged with the front ends of the left buckling rod block 10.4.9 and the right buckling rod block 10.4.9;
referring to fig. 25 to 27, the rod clamping mechanism 11 includes a guide rail bracket 11.1, the guide rail bracket 11.1 is fixedly disposed on the frame 2, a lifting frame 11.2 which can move up and down is arranged at the rear side of the guide rail frame 11.1, a left supporting rotating shaft 11.3 and a right supporting rotating shaft 11.3 which are horizontally arranged are arranged at the lower part of the lifting frame 11.2, the left supporting rotating shaft 11.3 and the right supporting rotating shaft 11.3 are positioned on the same horizontal line, the rear ends of the left supporting rotating shaft 11.3 and the right supporting rotating shaft 11.3 are connected through a connecting arm 11.4, the supporting rotating shaft 11.3 is provided with a front lower swing arm 11.5 and a rear lower swing arm 11.5 which are arranged downwards, an upper swing arm 11.6 arranged upwards is arranged in the middle of the supporting rotating shaft 11.3, the upper swing arm 11.6 is positioned between the front lower swing arm 11.5 and the rear lower swing arm 11.5, a third air cylinder 11.7 is arranged between the upper swing arms 11.6 of the left supporting rotating shaft 11.3 and the right supporting rotating shaft 11.3, two ends of the third cylinder 11.7 are respectively hinged with the upper ends of the left upper swing arm 11.6 and the right upper swing arm 11.6, and a clamping arm 11.8 is arranged between the lower ends of the front lower swing arm 11.5 and the rear lower swing arm 11.5 on the same supporting rotating shaft 11.3;
a left third guide rail 11.9 and a right third guide rail 11.9 are arranged on the rear side of the guide rail frame 11.1 along the vertical direction, a left group of third sliding blocks 11.10 and a right group of third sliding blocks 11.10 are arranged on the front side of the lifting frame 11.2, the left group of third sliding blocks 11.10 and the right group of third sliding blocks are respectively arranged on the left third guide rail 11.9 and the right third guide rail 11.9, and the third sliding blocks 11.10 and the third guide rails 11.9 are matched;
the lifting frame 11.2 is fixedly provided with a fourth air cylinder 11.11, the top of the guide rail frame 11.1 is provided with an air cylinder lug 11.12, and the upper end of the fourth air cylinder 11.11 is hinged with the air cylinder lug 11.12;
a protective cover 11.13 is arranged on the outer side of the lifting frame 11.2, and the protective cover 11.13 is fixedly arranged on the guide rail frame 11.1.
The working principle is as follows:
the heated long aluminum bar in the heating furnace is conveyed forwards to the position of the bar connecting translation mechanism through the rear roller assembly, at the moment, the sizing mechanism on one side of the bar connecting translation mechanism performs sizing positioning on the long aluminum bar, the long aluminum bar is fixed by the front clamping plate and the rear clamping plate of the hot shearing machine after the long aluminum bar is positioned in place, and then the main oil cylinder drives the movable cutter holder to move downwards, so that the short aluminum bar with the required length is sheared; after the short aluminum is sheared off, the rod withdrawing mechanism withdraws the residual long aluminum rods into the heating furnace, the rod ejecting mechanism ejects the sheared short aluminum rods out of the position of the rack forwards, the rod receiving translation mechanism translates the short aluminum rods to one side, and the short aluminum rods are conveyed to an extruder by a manipulator arranged on one side of the hot shearing machine; when the previous short aluminum bar is about to finish extrusion at the extruder, repeating the hot shearing of the next short aluminum bar after the operation is finished, and repeating the steps in a circulating way. The whole hot shearing process of the hot shearing machine is reasonable in design and smooth in operation, the hot shearing efficiency of the aluminum bar is greatly improved, and the hot shearing effect of the aluminum bar can be effectively ensured;
when the sizing mechanism performs sizing positioning on a long aluminum bar, the speed reducer drives the transmission lead screw to rotate, so that the transmission nut drives the sizing trolley frame to move to a specified position on the guide rail, the first air cylinder enables the sizing bar stopping assembly to be opened outwards to a position vertical to the sizing trolley frame at the moment, the hinged point of the first connecting rod and the first air cylinder frame and the hinged point of the two ends of the second connecting rod are positioned on the same straight line at the moment to form a dead point position, the positions of the air cylinder and the connecting rod mechanism can be effectively prevented from being changed when the aluminum bar impacts the sizing bar stopping assembly, the position of the sizing bar stopping assembly cannot be deflected in the sizing process, and the accuracy of the sizing positioning of the aluminum bar is greatly improved;
the induction device is arranged on the rod blocking frame of the sizing rod blocking assembly, when the front end of the aluminum rod reaches the rod blocking surface, the induction piece is pushed out of the through hole of the rod blocking surface, so that the induction piece rotates, the left swing rod of the induction piece is in contact with the induction switch, and an aluminum rod in-place signal is sent out;
the left side and the right side of the rod blocking surface of the fixed-length rod blocking mechanism are provided with buckling rod blocks, the end parts of the aluminum rods can be clamped or loosened by the left buckling rod block and the right buckling rod block through a second air cylinder, the buckling rod blocks do not act during normal fixed-length operation, when the long aluminum rods are sheared to a length slightly larger than or slightly smaller than the fixed-length (the residual length does not influence the normal operation of an extruder), shearing operation is not needed at the moment (otherwise, a front aluminum rod or a rear aluminum rod is sheared to generate an aluminum rod sheet), the head parts of the aluminum rods can be directly clamped by the buckling rod blocks, the aluminum rods are pulled out of the rack forwards (the aluminum rods cannot be ejected out by the rod ejecting mechanism when the aluminum rods are not sheared), and therefore the rod receiving and transversely moving mechanism smoothly moves the aluminum rods out, the production efficiency is improved, and the loss of;
the rod clamping mechanism is mainly used for short rod clamping operation, and particularly comprises a hot shearing machine, wherein when a previous long aluminum rod is sheared to a length with the surplus length between one-time fixed length and 2-time fixed length (at the moment, the surplus length of the aluminum rod is sheared to the fixed length, a section of aluminum rod is wasted), the surplus length of the aluminum rod can be sheared into a front short rod and a rear short rod which are approximately equal in length (the two sections of the front short rod and the rear short rod are both smaller than the fixed length), the rear short rod is clamped up by the rod clamping mechanism, the rear long aluminum rod ejects out the front short rod at the moment, the rear long aluminum rod is sheared into a next short rod by the hot shearing machine, the front short rod can be supplemented to the fixed length by the short rod, and the front short rod supplemented to the fixed length is moved out to be fed into an extruder by the rod connecting; in the stick mechanism returned the heater with the back long aluminium bar this moment, the press from both sides the stick mechanism and put down the back end stub, the back long aluminium bar was ejecting with the back end stub, cut a section stub with the back long aluminium bar again through the hot shearing machine, this section stub can mend the back end stub to the scale length, shift out the back end stub of mending to the scale length through connecing excellent translation mechanism and send into the extruder, the loss of aluminium bar has greatly reduced to this kind of mode, has effectively improved material utilization.
In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments, and any technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent replacement should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A hot shearing method of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, conveying a long aluminum bar in a heating furnace to a hot shearing machine forwards;
secondly, the rear roller assembly of the hot shearing machine conveys the long aluminum bar forwards continuously, the length-fixing mechanism of the hot shearing machine is opened to block the front end of the long aluminum bar, the position of the long aluminum bar is limited, and at the moment, the movable cutter holder and the fixed cutter holder of the hot shearing machine are matched to perform hot shearing operation on the long aluminum bar to shear the short aluminum bar with the required length;
step three, returning the rest long aluminum bars into the heating furnace, and feeding the cut short aluminum bars into a subsequent extruder for extrusion forming;
step four, repeating the step one to the step three to finish multiple hot shearing of the long aluminum bar;
when the residual length of the long aluminum bar after multiple hot shearing is slightly larger or smaller than the fixed length but does not affect the molding of the extruder, the hot shearing operation is not carried out, the front end of the aluminum bar is clamped and fixed by the bar buckling block on the fixed length mechanism and pulled out forwards, and the aluminum bar is sent to a next extruder for molding;
when the residual length of the long aluminum bar is between 1-time fixed length and 2-time fixed length after multiple times of hot shearing, shearing the residual length aluminum bar into a front short bar and a rear short bar which are approximately equal, clamping the rear short bar by a bar clamping mechanism, ejecting the front short bar by the rear long aluminum bar at the moment, shearing the rear short bar by a hot shearing machine to form a next short bar, and feeding the front short bar with the length being matched to the fixed length into a rear extruder for molding; at the moment, the next long aluminum bar is returned into the heating furnace, the rear section short bar is put down by the bar clamping mechanism, the rear section short bar is ejected out by the next long aluminum bar, the next long aluminum bar is cut into a section of short bar by a hot shearing machine, the rear section short bar can be completely filled to the fixed length by the section of short bar, and the rear section short bar with the fixed length is sent into a rear extruder for molding;
the hot shearing machine comprises a rack (2), wherein a fixed cutter holder (3) and a movable cutter holder (4) are arranged on the rack (2), a main oil cylinder (5) is arranged at the top of the rack (2), the lower end of the main oil cylinder (5) is connected with the movable cutter holder (4), the main oil cylinder can drive the movable cutter holder (4) to do up-and-down lifting movement, a rear roller assembly (7) is arranged on the rear side of the rack (2), a connecting rod translation mechanism (8) and a rod withdrawing mechanism (9) are arranged on the front side of the movable cutter holder (4), the rod withdrawing mechanism (9) is positioned above the connecting rod translation mechanism (8), a fixed size mechanism (10) is arranged on one side of the connecting rod translation mechanism (8), a rod clamping mechanism (11) is arranged above the rear roller assembly (7), and a rod ejecting mechanism (12) is arranged below the rear roller assembly (7);
the sizing mechanism (10) comprises a sizing rack (10.1), a sizing frame (10.2) capable of moving in the front-back direction is arranged on the sizing rack (10.1), a fixed support (10.3) is arranged on the front surface of the sizing frame (10.2), a sizing bar assembly (10.4) is hinged to the fixed support (10.3), an air cylinder frame (10.5) is arranged on the back surface of the sizing frame (10.2), an air cylinder seat (10.6) is arranged on the air cylinder frame (10.5), a first air cylinder (10.7) is hinged to the air cylinder seat (10.6), the first air cylinder (10.7) is connected with the sizing bar assembly (10.4) through a connecting rod mechanism (10.8), and the sizing bar assembly (10.4) can be driven to be opened outwards or retracted inwards through the ejecting or retracting action of the first air cylinder (10.7).
2. The hot shearing method of the aluminum bar hot shearing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the link mechanism (10.8) comprises a first link (10.8.1) and a second link (10.8.2), one end of the first link (10.8.1) is hinged with the end of a piston rod of a first cylinder (10.7), the other end of the first link (10.8.1) is hinged with a second link (10.8.2), the other end of the second link (10.8.2) is hinged with a fixed-length stop rod assembly (10.4), and the middle of the first link (10.8.1) is hinged with a cylinder frame (10.5); when the first cylinder (10.7) is gradually ejected outwards to the position where the sizing stop rod assembly (10.4) and the sizing frame (10.2) are perpendicular to each other, the hinge point of the first connecting rod (10.8.1) and the first cylinder frame (10.7) and the hinge point of the two ends of the second connecting rod (10.8.2) are located on the same straight line.
3. The hot shearing method of the aluminum bar hot shearing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the sizing bar stopping assembly (10.4) comprises a bar stopping frame (10.4.1), one end of the bar stopping frame (10.4.1) is hinged with a fixed support (10.3) through a pin shaft, a bar stopping surface (10.4.2) is arranged on the rear side of the bar stopping frame (10.4.1), a spring seat (10.4.3) is arranged on one side of the bar stopping frame (10.4.1), a push rod (10.4.4) is arranged in the spring seat (10.4.3) in a penetrating manner, a spring (10.4.5) is arranged between the push rod (10.4.4) and the spring seat (10.4.3), an induction switch (10.4.6) is arranged on the outer side of the spring seat (10.4.3), an induction piece (10.4.7) is arranged on the inner side of the spring seat (10.4.3), the induction piece (10.4.7) comprises a middle hinge portion (10.4.7.1), a left swing rod (10.4.7.2) and a right swing rod (465) are respectively arranged on the left side and the right side of the middle hinge portion (10.4.7.1), and the outer end of the middle hinge portion is hinged with the bar stopping frame (4834.5) through a pin shaft, and the induction switch (10.4.6.15, the ejector rod (10.4.4) is abutted against the middle of the left swing rod (10.4.7.2), a through hole (10.4.8) is formed in the rod blocking surface (10.4.2), and the outer end of the right swing rod (10.4.7.3) is exposed out of the through hole (10.4.8).
4. A hot shearing method of an aluminum bar hot shearing machine as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: keep off excellent face (10.4.2) left and right sides symmetry and be provided with and detain excellent piece (10.4.9), it is articulated mutually with fender excellent frame (10.4.1) through the round pin axle to detain excellent piece (10.4.9) middle part, it is provided with second cylinder (10.4.10) to keep off excellent frame (10.4.1) front side, both ends are articulated with two knot excellent pieces (10.4.9) front end about with respectively about second cylinder (10.4.10).
5. The hot shearing method of the aluminum bar hot shearing machine as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the rod clamping mechanism (11) comprises a guide rail bracket (11.1), the guide rail bracket (11.1) is fixedly arranged on the frame (2), a lifting frame (11.2) which can move up and down is arranged at the rear side of the guide rail frame (11.1), the lower part of the lifting frame (11.2) is provided with a left supporting rotating shaft and a right supporting rotating shaft (11.3), the supporting rotating shaft (11.3) is provided with a front lower swinging arm (11.5) and a rear lower swinging arm (11.5) which are arranged downwards, an upper swing arm (11.6) which is arranged upwards is arranged in the middle of the supporting rotating shaft (11.3), the upper swing arm (11.6) is positioned between the front and the rear lower swing arms (11.5), a third cylinder (11.7) is arranged between the upper swing arms (11.6) of the left and the right supporting rotating shafts (11.3), and two ends of the third cylinder (11.7) are respectively hinged with the upper ends of the left upper swing arm and the right upper swing arm (11.6), and a clamping arm (11.8) is arranged between the lower ends of the front lower swing arm and the rear lower swing arm (11.5) on the same supporting rotating shaft (11.3).
6. The hot shearing method of the aluminum bar hot shearing machine as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: a left third guide rail and a right third guide rail (11.9) are arranged on the rear side of the guide rail frame (11.1) along the vertical direction, a left group of third sliding blocks and a right group of third sliding blocks (11.10) are arranged on the front side of the lifting frame (11.2), the left group of third sliding blocks and the right group of third sliding blocks (11.10) are respectively arranged on the left third guide rail and the right third guide rail (11.9), and the third sliding blocks (11.10) are matched with the third guide rails (11.9); the crane (11.2) is fixedly provided with a fourth cylinder (11.11), the top of the guide rail frame (11.1) is provided with a cylinder ear (11.12), and the upper end of the fourth cylinder (11.11) is hinged with the cylinder ear (11.12).
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| CN201910415495.7A CN110253212B (en) | 2019-05-18 | 2019-05-18 | Hot shearing method of aluminum bar hot shearing machine |
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| US7047784B2 (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2006-05-23 | Belco Industries, Inc. | Hot cut aluminum billet saw |
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| CN1172710A (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 1998-02-11 | 叶世中 | Aluminium ingot hot shear device and method for reducing hot textrusion section material production loss |
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