CN110250101B - Method for improving health level and breeding benefit of cage-cultured laying ducks - Google Patents
Method for improving health level and breeding benefit of cage-cultured laying ducks Download PDFInfo
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- CN110250101B CN110250101B CN201910677368.4A CN201910677368A CN110250101B CN 110250101 B CN110250101 B CN 110250101B CN 201910677368 A CN201910677368 A CN 201910677368A CN 110250101 B CN110250101 B CN 110250101B
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 241000272517 Anseriformes Species 0.000 title description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000272522 Anas Species 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000017448 oviposition Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 33
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 210000000795 conjunctiva Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 206010051625 Conjunctival hyperaemia Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000002322 Egg Proteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010000912 Egg Proteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003278 egg shell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010003694 Atrophy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000288049 Perdix perdix Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000037444 atrophy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K31/00—Housing birds
- A01K31/002—Poultry cages, e.g. transport boxes
- A01K31/005—Battery breeding cages, with or without auxiliary features, e.g. feeding, watering, demanuring, heating, ventilation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Housing For Livestock And Birds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of laying duck breeding, and particularly relates to a method for improving the health level and breeding benefit of cage-bred laying ducks, which comprises the following steps: (1) optimizing the cage-rearing laying duck cages: each layer of duck cages comprises two groups of duck cages which are arranged back to back at intervals, and a water tank is arranged between the two groups of duck cages in each layer; a water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are arranged on each layer of water tank; a drinking line is arranged above each layer of water tank; (2) opening a water inlet valve of the water tank every 2-3 days, closing the water inlet valve of the water tank after the water level of the water tank reaches a preset height, and washing eyes, hair and feathers of the laying ducks by using water in the water tank; (3) after the duck is bathed for 2-3 hours, a water outlet valve of the water tank is opened, and water in the water tank is drained to the sewage pool through a drainage pipeline. The duck bathing device is convenient for duck bathing, releases the natural feature of duck paddling, improves the ventilation effect of a duck shed, finally improves the health level of ducks, increases the 'selling looks' and egg laying level of ducks, improves the egg quality and increases the farm benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laying duck breeding, and relates to a method for improving the health level and breeding benefits of cage-bred laying ducks.
Background
The duck is a waterfowl with good water character. However, under the current environmental protection requirement, the duck breeding in rivers and lakes is forbidden, even if small ponds are adopted for breeding, a sewage treatment system is required to be matched, and the sewage treatment system is high in price, so that the large-area popularization and application in production are difficult, and the egg duck cage-breeding technology with environmental protection and low cost is popularized. (1) The ducks are raised in cages to be separated from a water source, so that the behavior habit of the ducks is deviated, and the requirement of animal welfare is not met; in the environment of lack of bath, the feather of the duck is poor, the egg duck is not good in selling phase when being eliminated, and the selling price is extremely low; moreover, the duck shed has larger dust and higher concentration of harmful gas, and can damage eye conjunctiva of ducks. (2) The laying duck shed for large-scale breeding at present is long in longitudinal direction, the H-shaped cages are arranged in a back-to-back close manner, the ventilation effect is poor, the duck shed is stuffy in summer, the ammonia gas concentration is high in winter, the smell is serious, the growth health of the duck is influenced, even the high death rate can be caused, and serious economic loss is caused. In production, the improvement of cage culture environment is needed to improve the production performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the health level and the breeding benefit of cage-rearing laying ducks, which adapts to the habit of duck paddling, facilitates the paddling of ducks, releases the naturalness of the duck paddling, improves the animal welfare of the ducks, improves the ventilation effect of a duck shed, improves the laying rate, improves the 'selling phase' of rejected laying ducks, improves the selling price of the rejected ducks and finally increases the breeding benefit of the ducks.
The invention aims to realize the following technical scheme, and provides a method for improving the health level and the breeding benefit of cage-cultured laying ducks:
(1) optimizing the cage-rearing laying duck cages:
each layer of duck cage comprises two groups of duck cages arranged back to back, and the two groups of duck cages arranged back to back in each layer are arranged at intervals;
a water tank is arranged between the two groups of back-to-back duck cages on each layer, the water tanks are obliquely arranged along the length direction of the duck cage groups, and a water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are arranged on each layer of water tank;
a drinking water line is arranged above the water tank corresponding to each layer of duck cage, a nipple drinking fountain is arranged on the drinking water line corresponding to the duck cage, and the drinking water line is connected with the water tank; the water outlet valve of each layer of water tank is connected with a drainage pipeline, and the drainage pipeline is connected with a sewage tank;
(2) opening a water inlet valve of the water tank every 2-3 days, closing a water outlet valve at the moment, closing the water inlet valve of the water tank after the water level of the water tank reaches a preset height, and washing eyes, hair and feathers of the laying ducks by using water in the water tank;
(3) after bathing for 2-3 hours, opening a water outlet valve of the water tank, and discharging water in the water tank to a sewage pool through a drainage pipeline; and closing the water outlet valve after the water is discharged.
Preferably, a cage door and an egg sliding groove are arranged on the front side of the duck cage; the horizontal interval between two vertical cage iron wires is 4 ~ 5cm among them at duck cage dorsal part.
Preferably, the interval between the back sides of the two groups of back-to-back duck cages is 13-17 cm.
Preferably, the longitudinal section of the water tank is of an arc-shaped structure, the upper end of the water tank is respectively positioned at the bottom of each layer of duck cages, a floating ball is arranged at the water inlet end of the water tank, the depth of the water tank is 5-7 cm, and the width of the upper edge of the water tank is 13-17 cm; the water inlet end of the water tank is 3-4 cm higher than the water outlet end of the water tank.
Preferably, the drinking water line of every layer of duck cage sets up on two duck cages through the horizontal pole that corresponds separately, and the horizontal pole sets up with drinking water line is perpendicular, and the horizontal pole both ends set up respectively on two duck cages.
Preferably, the water inlet end of the water tank is provided with a floating ball which is used for controlling the water level of the water tank.
Preferably, a water level sensor is arranged at the water inlet end of the water tank, the water inlet valve is an electromagnetic valve, and the water inlet electromagnetic valve and the water level sensor are both connected with the controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
firstly, the water trough is arranged below the drinking water line of each layer of duck cage, so that water splashed by ducks drinking water through the nipple drinking water trough can be received, the ducks play water conveniently, the water preference habit of the ducks is kept, the ducks can wash eyes, and the harm of harmful gas such as dust and ammonia gas in the duck shed to the eyes of the ducks is avoided. The innovative device improves animal welfare, can improve the health level of ducks to a certain extent, and can improve the problems of poor feather and poor appearance after elimination of traditional cage-bred ducks.
Secondly, a distance of 13-17 cm is formed between the two groups of back-to-back H-shaped duck cages provided by the invention, so that a wind belt is formed, and compared with the traditional back-to-back H-shaped duck cages, the ventilation effect is better.
Thirdly, the distance between the H-shaped duck cages is increased by changing the back-to-back layout of the existing H-shaped duck cages, the water fountain is moved out of the cages, the water tank is arranged below the water fountain to facilitate water play of the ducks, the duck water play habit is adapted, the animal welfare of the ducks is improved, the ventilation effect of the duck shed is improved, the egg laying level of the ducks is increased finally, and the egg quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-layer cage-rearing laying duck cage;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the cage for cage-rearing of laying ducks and ducks;
fig. 3 is a back side schematic view of a cage for cage-rearing laying ducks and ducks.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is clearly and completely described in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A method for improving the health level and the breeding benefit of cage-cultured laying ducks comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a cage-cultured egg duck cage:
as shown in fig. 1-3, each layer of duck cages comprises two groups of duck cages 1, and the two groups of duck cages 1 in each layer are spaced and arranged back to back;
a water tank 2 is arranged between the bottoms of the two groups of duck cages 1 on each layer, the water tank 2 is obliquely arranged along the length direction of the duck cage groups 1, and the longitudinal section of the water tank 2 is of an arc structure; a water inlet valve 21 and a water outlet valve 22 are arranged on each layer of water tank 2; a floating ball 23 is arranged at the water inlet end of the water tank 2;
a drinking water line 3 is arranged above the water tank 2 corresponding to each layer of duck cage, a nipple drinking fountain 31 is arranged on the drinking water line 3 corresponding to the duck cage, and the drinking water line 3 is connected with the water tank 4;
the water outlet valve 22 of each layer of water tank 2 is connected with a water drainage pipeline 23, and the water drainage pipeline 23 is connected with a sewage tank;
(2) the water inlet valve 21 of the water tank is opened every 2 to 3 days, and the water level is controlled by the floating ball. The egg ducks are washed with water in the water tank for washing eyes, hair and feathers;
(3) after the ducks are bathed for 2-3 hours, the water inlet valve is closed, the water outlet valve 22 of the water tank is opened, and water in the water tank is discharged to the sewage pool through the water discharge pipeline 23.
A cage door and an egg sliding groove 11 are arranged on the front side of the duck cage 1; the transverse distance between two adjacent vertical rods 12 on the back side of the duck cage is 5-6 cm.
The back sides of the two groups of back-to-back duck cages are spaced by 13-17 cm; the depth of the water tank is 9-11 cm, and the width of the upper edge of the water tank is 13-17 cm.
The water inlet end of the water tank is 4-5cm higher than the water outlet end of the water tank.
The drinking water line of every layer of duck cage sets up on two duck cages through the horizontal pole that corresponds separately, and the horizontal pole sets up with drinking water line is perpendicular, and the horizontal pole both ends set up respectively on two duck cages.
The drinking water line is located basin central line top, and the drinking water line flushes with duck cage top, and the drinking water line corresponds duck cage position and all is equipped with 3 nipple drinking bowl.
The water level control of the water tank can also be realized through the following structures: the water inlet end of the water tank is provided with a water level sensor, the water inlet valve is an electromagnetic valve, and the water inlet electromagnetic valve and the water level sensor are both connected with the controller.
Example 1
A comparative feeding experiment is carried out in the same duck shed of the Jiangsu Gaoyou duck group by using a traditional H-shaped cage (group A) and a modified H-shaped cage (group B) related to the invention, and 2000 Shaoxing ducks of the same batch in each group have the same feed ingredients and feeding amount. The experimental time started from the age of 12 weeks in cages to the end of 35 weeks out of phase. Starting from the cage, opening a water inlet valve of a water tank at 13:00 pm every Monday and every Thursday of the group B to wash eyes, heads and play water for the ducks; and (5) closing the water inlet valve at the ratio of 16:00, and opening the water outlet valve for draining. And comparing and analyzing the production effects of the group A and the group B in the age period of 12-35 weeks from the viewpoints of laying rate, egg quality, eye conjunctiva observation and feather selling. The results are as follows:
[ comparison of egg production ]
Table 1 comparison of the laying rates of shaoxing ducks in group a and group B from 18 weeks to 35 weeks:
as can be seen from the table 1, the improved H-shaped cage (group B) designed by the invention has higher laying rate than the traditional H-shaped cage (group A), and even higher laying rate by 1.5-2 percentage points in the egg laying peak period. Calculated by 2000 ducks in the contrast test, the peak time of the modified duck cages of the group B can be 300-400 eggs/day, and the breeding benefit is higher.
[ comparison of egg quality ]
At the age of 28 weeks, 100 duck eggs are randomly selected from the group A and the group B to measure the egg quality. Grading the egg quality according to the Hardgrove unit, and determining the eggs with the Hardgrove unit of more than 80 as AA-grade eggs. By comparison, the proportion of AA grade eggs in the group A is 84 percent, and the proportion of AA grade eggs in the group B reaches 93 percent. The thickness of the eggshell, the egg shape index, the egg weight and other indexes have no obvious difference.
[ comparison of eye conjunctiva Condition ]
Through observation, 753 (37.65%) ducks in the group A have the phenomena of conjunctival congestion and eye curtain fouling, and 326 (16.3%) ducks have the withered minds. In the group B, 27 ducks (1.35%) have the phenomena of conjunctival congestion and eye curtain fouling, and 45 ducks (2.25%) have the withered and withered essence.
[ feather "sale photo" comparison ]
Through observation, the group A ducks are unsmooth in feather, rough in feather and poor in selling phase. Most of the feathers of the duck in the group B are soft, smooth and can be sold well. When the eliminated laying ducks are sold, the price can be only increased by 3-5 yuan.
Example 2
A comparative feeding experiment is carried out in the same duck shed of the Gaoyou duck group in Jiangsu by using a traditional H-shaped cage (group A) and a modified H-shaped cage (group B) related to the invention, and 2000 Shanma ducks in the same batch in each group have the same feed ingredients and feeding amount. The experimental time started from the age of 12 weeks in cages to the end of 35 weeks out of phase. Starting from the cage, opening a water inlet valve of a water tank at 13:00 pm every Monday and every Thursday of the group B to wash eyes, heads and play water for the ducks; and (5) closing the water inlet valve at the ratio of 16:00, and opening the water outlet valve for draining. The production effects of the group A and the group B in the age range of 12-35 weeks were compared and analyzed from the viewpoints of laying rate, egg quality, eye conjunctiva observation and feather selling (the specific process is the same as in example 1). The results are as follows:
[ comparison of egg production ]
Table 2 comparison of laying rates from 18-week-old to 35-week-old partridge ducks in group a and group B:
as can be seen from Table 2, the improved H-shaped cages (group B) designed by the invention have higher laying rate than the traditional H-shaped cages (group A), and even higher laying rate by 1.5-2 percentage points in the egg laying peak period. Calculated by 2000 ducks in the contrast test, the peak time of the modified duck cages of the group B can be 300-400 eggs/day, and the breeding benefit is higher.
[ comparison of egg quality ]
At the age of 28 weeks, 100 duck eggs are randomly selected from the group A and the group B to measure the egg quality. Grading the egg quality according to the Hardgrove unit, and determining the eggs with the Hardgrove unit of more than 80 as AA-grade eggs. By comparison, the proportion of AA grade eggs in the group A is 78 percent, and the proportion of AA grade eggs in the group B reaches 91 percent. The thickness of the eggshell, the egg shape index, the egg weight and other indexes have no obvious difference.
[ comparison of eye conjunctiva Condition ]
Through observation, 801 ducks in the group A (40.05%) have the phenomena of conjunctival congestion and eye curtain fouling, and 421 ducks (21.05%) have the withered minds. In the group B, 68 ducks have the phenomena of conjunctival congestion and eye curtain fouling, and 76 ducks have the phenomena of mental atrophy (3.4%).
[ feather "sale photo" comparison ]
Through observation, the group A ducks are unsmooth in feather, rough in feather and poor in selling phase. Most of the feathers of the duck in the group B are soft, smooth and can be sold well. When the eliminated laying ducks are sold, the price can be only increased by 3-5 yuan.
Claims (6)
1. A method for improving the health level and the breeding benefit of cage-cultured laying ducks is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) optimizing the cage-rearing laying duck cages:
each layer of duck cages comprises two groups of duck cages arranged back to back, and the two groups of duck cages in each layer are arranged at intervals; the two groups of duck cages arranged back to back of each layer of duck cage are spaced by 13-17 cm;
a water tank is arranged between the two groups of duck cages on each layer, and the water tanks are obliquely arranged along the length direction of the duck cage groups; a water inlet valve and a water outlet valve are arranged on each layer of water tank; the longitudinal section of the water tank is of an arc-shaped structure, the upper end of the water tank is located at the bottom of each layer of duck cages respectively, the depth of the water tank is 5-7 cm, and the width of the upper edge of the water tank is 13-17 cm; the water inlet end of the water tank is 3-4 cm higher than the water outlet end of the water tank;
a drinking water line is arranged above the water tank corresponding to each layer of duck cage, a nipple drinking fountain is arranged on the drinking water line corresponding to the duck cage, and the drinking water line is connected with the water tank; the water outlet valve of each layer of water tank is connected with a drainage pipeline, and the drainage pipeline is connected with a sewage tank;
(2) opening a water inlet valve of the water tank every 2-3 days, and closing a water outlet valve at the moment; closing a water inlet valve of the water tank after the water level of the water tank reaches a preset height, and washing eyes, hair and feathers of the laying ducks by using water in the water tank;
(3) after bathing for 2-3 hours, opening a water outlet valve of the water tank, and discharging water in the water tank to a sewage pool through a drainage pipeline.
2. The method for improving the health level and the cultivation benefit of the cage-reared laying ducks according to claim 1, wherein a cage door and an egg sliding groove are arranged on the front side of the duck cage; the transverse distance between the two vertical rods of the duck cage back side cage frame is 4-5 cm.
3. The method for improving the health level and the cultivation benefit of the cage-reared laying ducks according to claim 1, wherein the drinking water line of each layer of duck cages is arranged on the two duck cages through the corresponding cross rods, the cross rods are perpendicular to the drinking water lines, and two ends of each cross rod are respectively arranged on the two duck cages.
4. The method for improving the health level and the cultivation benefit of the cage-reared laying ducks according to claim 3, wherein the drinking line is located above the central line of the water tank, the drinking line is flush with the tops of the duck cage cages, and 3 nipple drinkers are arranged on the drinking lines corresponding to the positions of the duck cage.
5. The method for improving the health level and the cultivation benefit of the cage-rearing laying ducks according to claim 1, wherein a floating ball is arranged at the water inlet end of the water tank and used for controlling the water level of the water tank.
6. The method for improving the health level and the cultivation benefit of the cage-rearing laying ducks according to claim 1, wherein a water level sensor is arranged at the water inlet end of the water tank, the water inlet valve is an electromagnetic valve, and the water inlet electromagnetic valve and the water level sensor are both connected with a controller.
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| CN201910677368.4A CN110250101B (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Method for improving health level and breeding benefit of cage-cultured laying ducks |
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| CN201910677368.4A CN110250101B (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2019-07-25 | Method for improving health level and breeding benefit of cage-cultured laying ducks |
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| CN110250101B true CN110250101B (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE20305767U1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-06-18 | Grabenmeier Siegfried | Ventilation device for racing pigeons |
| CN105075899A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-25 | 四川农业大学 | Chicken farm and chicken breeding method |
| CN105379641A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-09 | 王水争 | Shed for raising breeding ducks |
| CN205511546U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-31 | 黑龙江职业学院 | Duck goose welfare device of raising in cages |
| CN205993372U (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-03-08 | 贵阳牧人农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional flat foster laying ducks cage |
-
2019
- 2019-07-25 CN CN201910677368.4A patent/CN110250101B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE20305767U1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2003-06-18 | Grabenmeier Siegfried | Ventilation device for racing pigeons |
| CN105075899A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-11-25 | 四川农业大学 | Chicken farm and chicken breeding method |
| CN105379641A (en) * | 2015-12-11 | 2016-03-09 | 王水争 | Shed for raising breeding ducks |
| CN205511546U (en) * | 2016-03-28 | 2016-08-31 | 黑龙江职业学院 | Duck goose welfare device of raising in cages |
| CN205993372U (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-03-08 | 贵阳牧人农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of three-dimensional flat foster laying ducks cage |
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