CN110249760A - Negative pressure inhales kind of mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder and its a seed feeding method - Google Patents
Negative pressure inhales kind of mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder and its a seed feeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110249760A CN110249760A CN201910549564.3A CN201910549564A CN110249760A CN 110249760 A CN110249760 A CN 110249760A CN 201910549564 A CN201910549564 A CN 201910549564A CN 110249760 A CN110249760 A CN 110249760A
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- negative pressure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C7/00—Sowing
- A01C7/20—Parts of seeders for conducting and depositing seed
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of negative pressure to inhale kind of mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder and its a seed feeding method.Including the air-channel system being made of negative pressure cavity, sealing ring, intermediate tube, two-position three way magnetic valve, a suction kind branch pipe, suction kind mouth, the circuit system being made of combined electrical brush ring, cathode slip ring guide rail, master control slip ring guide rail, two-position three way magnetic valve, the seeding system being made of kind of a room, sows sprocket wheel, transmission chain, flexible seed retaining plate, hairbrush sprocket wheel, hairbrush, current limiting plate etc.；Solenoid valve is mounted in support plate, is engaged with intermediate tube, and conducting wire is connected with combined electrical brush ring, brush and slip ring guide rail contact.The present invention passes through support disc spins, the combined electrical brush ring rotation powered to solenoid valve is driven, the conversion powered with the contact of strip conductor and non-conductive track in master control slip ring guide rail, realization solenoid valve with power-off by the brush installed on combined electrical brush ring, make electromagnetism valve events, realizes sowing function；It is rotated by hairbrush sprocket wheel band electric brush, realizes mechanical clear kind of function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grain precision sowings, are mainly used for paddy planter, and specifically a kind of negative pressure inhales kind of a machine
Clear kind of formula precision seeder of tool and its seed feeding method.
Background technique
The core component of component (feed mechanism for seed) as paddy planter is sowed, structure and its sowing performance are to seeder
Seeding quality has direct influence, and performance quality is directly related to seeding quality and efficiency, to the hair of direct sowing of rice technology
Exhibition plays an important role.
Currently, domestic and international common feed mechanism for seed can be divided into mechanical and Pneumatic type two major classes by working principle.Mechanical row
The advantage that kind of device has structure relatively easy, at low cost, but due to its shape of the seed is required it is stringent, and in seed-filling process due to
The phenomenon that squeezing and seed is caused to damage is obvious, and monoseeding performance is poor, and speed of drilling is not high, thus in precision seeder
That studies is few.There are three types of forms for Pneumatic seeding apparatus, are aspirated-air type, vapour-pressure type, air-sweeping type respectively, wherein due to aspirated-air type
The shortcomings that above-mentioned mechanical seeding apparatus can be overcome, it is not tight to the requirement of seed geometric dimension, does not need selected classification, Yi Shi
Existing monoseeding, versatility is good, and can replace the sucker of different size and quantity to adapt to the planting requirement of Different Crop, has
Have the advantages that operating speed is high, seed damage ratio is small, be a kind of advanced seeding technique, thus in precision seeder research by
To extensive concern.
Air-suction seeding unit has very high application prospect, however current air-suction seeding unit can not still be coordinated well
The contradiction of seeding speed and planting quality, although wound kind situation is minimized under the conditions of aspiration, seeding accuracy is led by various
The use of kind device can be also addressed, but very big promotion is still required in speed of drilling, and seeding apparatus abrasion leads to gas chamber
And the problem urgent need to resolve that overall work is impacted.Thus, to guarantee speed of drilling under conditions of seedling-damaging rate is low, it is necessary to grind
Study carefully continous way Pneumatic seeder, by the use of new technology, reduces physical state and change, to accelerate speed of drilling, reduce machine
The abrasion of tool device, in this way, can be only achieved efficiency and cost-effectiveness requirement that field uses.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to by Design of Mechanical Structure, simplified control system improves speed of drilling, realization continous way aspiration essence
Heavy seeding kind provides a kind of aspiration electromagnetic type paddy planter sowing component and its seed feeding method thus.
The present invention be solve its technical problem the technical solution adopted is as follows:
A kind of mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder of negative pressure suction kind comprising kind room inhales a kind mouth, inhales kind of a branch pipe, right cover plate, two
Position-3-way solenoid valve, intermediate tube, support plate, sows sprocket wheel, bearing block, bearing, main shaft, support frame, power wheel, transmission chain, hair
Brush, brush axle, hairbrush sprocket wheel, combined electrical brush ring, master control slip ring guide rail, negative pressure cavity, support frame bearing, sealing ring, cathode are sliding
Ring guide rail, current limiting plate, intermediate bulkhead；
Kind room is enclosed by left plate, right side plate, front panel, backarc plate and flexible seed retaining plate, and plants the top tool of room
There is a funnel shaped kinds of bank deposits area, kinds of bank deposits area bottom is equipped with opening, and opening is equipped with the current limiting plate of control openings of sizes；
Negative pressure cavity is fixed in the preformed hole opened up on the left plate of kind of room, and negative pressure cavity is in hollow tube-shape, and right side is along outer
Wall surround and is fixed with master control slip ring guide rail and cathode slip ring guide rail, the end insertion sealing ring left side of negative pressure cavity by key；In
Between manage and be fixed in support plate by support frame, be simultaneously connected to negative pressure cavity on the right side of left end insertion sealing ring；Around intermediate tube
One circle is evenly equipped with N branch pipe, and every branch pipe connects a two-position three way magnetic valve；Support frame bearing outer ring is nested in support frame
On, inner ring is nested with negative pressure cavity；Master control slip ring guide rail, cathode slip ring guide rail, which are respectively matched, unifies a combined electrical brush ring, and two three
The positive terminal of three-way electromagnetic valve is connect with master control slip ring guide rail by a combined electrical brush ring and takes electricity, two-position three-way electromagnetic
The negative terminal of valve is connect with cathode slip ring guide rail by another combined electrical brush ring and takes electricity；The master control slip ring is led
The guide rail of rail is divided into two sections, and one section is strip conductor, and another section is non-conductive track, the entire track of cathode slip ring guide rail
It is strip conductor；Each two-position three way magnetic valve is alternately powered off and in rotary course；Each two-position three way magnetic valve
Side is connected to the branch pipe of intermediate tube, and kind of a branch pipe is inhaled in other side connection, and every suction kind branch pipe end is separately connected several by branch
Kind of a mouth is inhaled, kind of a mouth, a suction kind branch pipe, two-position three way magnetic valve and intermediate tube is inhaled and is fixed in support plate, rotated synchronously with support plate；
Main shaft is fixed on the right side of support plate, main shaft passes through the preformed hole on right cover plate；Right cover plate is fixed on the right side plate of kind of room, in institute
Reserved hole site coaxial line fixed bearing block is stated, bearing block embeds bearing；Main shaft passes through bearing, and outside connects coaxial sowing
Sprocket wheel and power wheel；Sows sprocket wheel and hairbrush sprocket wheel are made up of transmission chain to be driven, and hairbrush sprocket wheel is fixed on brush axle, hairbrush
Axis passes through the hairbrush axis hole reserved in kind of room housing, is coaxially fixed with the hairbrush for being cleaned to suction kind mouth thereon；Kind room
One piece of intermediate bulkhead parallel with right side plate is equipped between the left plate and right side plate of lower section, after flexible seed retaining plate is riveted on kind of room
Arc plate lower part, flexible seed retaining plate and backarc plate, intermediate bulkhead, right side plate surround the area Xi Zhong, and suction kind is reserved on flexible seed retaining plate
By required hollow out, all suction kind mouths successively pass through hairbrush with kind branch pipe is inhaled in rotary course for mouth and the rotation of suction kind branch pipe
With after the hollow out enter the area Xi Zhong.
Preferably, strip conductor is located below, and non-conductive track is located above in the master control slip ring guide rail；When
Combined electrical brush ring on the outside of master control slip ring guide rail with support disc spins when, brush and strip conductor on combined electrical brush ring and
It is alternately contacted between non-conductive track, so that brush two-position three way magnetic valve in non-conductive orbital position powers off, brush is being led
Two-position three way magnetic valve is powered when electric rail position；And when two-position three way magnetic valve power-off, inhales kind of a mouth and be located in the area Xi Zhong, by inhaling
Kind mouth inhales the negative pressure passage opening that a kind branch pipe, two-position three way magnetic valve, intermediate tube, sealing ring and negative pressure cavity are constituted, and kind is inhaled in completion
Mouth inhales kind；When two-position three way magnetic valve is powered, inhales kind of a mouth and be located at outside the flexible seed retaining plate in the area Xi Zhong, the negative pressure passage is disconnected
It opens, seed is made to fall in fall-sowing area.
Preferably, the hairbrush direction of rotation is identical with kind of mouth direction of rotation is inhaled, and the diameter of sows sprocket wheel is greater than
Hairbrush sprocket wheel makes to inhale kind of mouth and hairbrush differential speed rotation.
Preferably, being equipped with the side panel of annular between the left plate and support plate, side panel is surrounded on two three
The outside of three-way electromagnetic valve is collectively formed with left plate and support plate all two-position three way magnetic valves being wrapped in seal chamber therein
Room, side panel are fixed in support plate by side panel fixinig plate；All suction kind mouths and suction kind branch pipe stretch out outside side panel.
Preferably, N=10~18.
Preferably, every suction kind branch pipe end is separately connected three suctions kind mouth by three branches.
Kind of a mechanical clear kind of formula is inhaled using negative pressure described in any of the above-described scheme another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of
The seed feeding method of precision seeder, its step are as follows:
Firstly, seed to be sowed is placed in the kinds of bank deposits area in kind of room, power is then driven by external driver device
Wheel rotation, carrying out suction to negative pressure cavity by external negative suction system makes its internal holding negative pressure state；
Then, the opening is opened by current limiting plate, slides seed to the bottom in the area Xi Zhong from the kinds of bank deposits area of kind of room；
Finally, entire precision seeder realizes seeding by following three step:
The first step inhales kind: being fixed on the two-position three way magnetic valve in support plate and the brush on two combined electrical brush rings
It is alternately contacted between strip conductor and non-conductive track with support plate synchronous rotary, and in rotary course；When one two three
When the suction kind mouth of three-way electromagnetic valve connection enters the area Xi Zhong across flexible seed retaining plate, corresponding two-position three way magnetic valve connection master control is sliding
Non-conductive track in ring guide rail, two-position three way magnetic valve power-off, by inhaling kind of a mouth, inhaling kind of a branch pipe, two-position three way magnetic valve, centre
The negative pressure passage conducting that pipe, sealing ring and negative pressure cavity are constituted, inhales in kind of branch pipe and becomes negative pressure state immediately, by inhaling kind of mouth by inhaling
A quantity of seeds is drawn when kind area；
Second step takes kind: the suction kind branch pipe and suction kind mouth of negative pressure state are corresponding before with support disc spins to fall-sowing area
Two-position three way magnetic valve connect always with the non-conductive track in master control slip ring guide rail, two-position three way magnetic valve is always maintained at disconnected
Electricity condition, seed are rotated with kind of a mouth is inhaled；
Clear kind of third step: when the suction kind branch pipe and suction kind mouth of negative pressure state rotate the planting to suction kind mouth opening diagonally downward
Qu Hou, corresponding two-position three way magnetic valve connect the strip conductor in master control slip ring guide rail, two-position three way magnetic valve by brush
It is powered, inhales kind of branch pipe by another access of two-position three way magnetic valve and be connected to atmosphere, the negative pressure state inhaled in kind of branch pipe disappears, kind
Son completes planting because gravity is fallen, and keeps support plate to continue to rotate, the seed fallen not successfully is clear by the hairbrush of differential speed rotation
It removes；
It constantly recycles the suction kind of above-mentioned three step, take kind and clear kind of process, complete the precise sowing to seed.
Preferably, seed is controlled from the flow velocity that the kinds of bank deposits area of kind of room slides to the area Xi Zhong by current limiting plate.
The beneficial benefit that the present invention has is: real by the assembly and movement of combined electrical brush ring and master control slip ring guide rail
The nozzle portion negative pressure of existing solenoid valve control and the conversion of normal pressure, to realize the suction of seed and fall, and in differential hairbrush
Effect is lower to improve planting effect, and the seed that the using of the flexible seed retaining plate in the area Xi Zhong to fall out of plants case will not be because of
Lower space is excessive and falls directly into external fall-sowing area, and facilitates suction kind branch pipe to enter the area Xi Zhong using flexible material, and subtract
Few seedling-damaging rate, provides another solution and device for rice precise sowing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that negative pressure inhales kind of a cut away left side view for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder；
Fig. 2 is that negative pressure inhales kind of a right view for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder；
Fig. 3 is that negative pressure inhales kind of an A-A cross section view for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder；
Fig. 4 is that negative pressure inhales kind of a partial enlarged view for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder；
Fig. 5 is that negative pressure inhales kind of a southwestern isometric view for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder；
Fig. 6 is the three-view diagram and three dimensional isometric view of combined electrical brush ring；
The A-A cross section view and left view for the master control slip ring guide rail that Fig. 7 is；
Fig. 8 is that negative pressure inhales kind of a pneumatic diagram for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder；
Fig. 9 is that negative pressure inhales kind of a circuit diagram for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder；
In figure: kind room 1 inhales kind of a mouth 2, inhales kind of a branch pipe 3, side panel 4, side panel fixinig plate 5, right cover plate 6, two-position three way electricity
Magnet valve 7, support plate 9, sows sprocket wheel 10, bearing block 11, bearing 12, main shaft 13, support frame 14, power wheel 15, passes intermediate tube 8
Dynamic chain 16, flexible seed retaining plate 17, right side plate 18, left plate 19, hairbrush 20, brush axle 21, hairbrush sprocket wheel 22, combined electrical brush ring
23, master control slip ring guide rail 24, negative pressure cavity 25, support frame bearing 26, sealing ring 27, cathode slip ring guide rail 28, current limiting plate 29, centre
Partition 30, conducting wire 31, non-conductive track 32, strip conductor 33, brush retainer plate 34, brush 35, backarc plate 36, front panel 37.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
As shown in Fig. 1~5, a kind of mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder of negative pressure suction kind comprising kind room 1 inhales a kind mouth 2, inhales
Kind branch pipe 3, side panel 4, side panel fixinig plate 5, right cover plate 6, two-position three way magnetic valve 7, intermediate tube 8, support plate 9, sowing chain
Wheel 10, bearing block 11, bearing 12, main shaft 13, support frame 14, power wheel 15, transmission chain 16, flexible seed retaining plate 17, right side plate 18,
Left plate 19, hairbrush 20, brush axle 21, hairbrush sprocket wheel 22, combined electrical brush ring 23, master control slip ring guide rail 24, negative pressure cavity 25, branch
Support bearing 26, cathode slip ring guide rail 28, current limiting plate 29, intermediate bulkhead 30, conducting wire 31, non-conductive track 32, is led at sealing ring 27
Electric rail 33, brush retainer plate 34, brush 35, backarc plate 36, front panel 37.Wherein, by negative pressure cavity 25, sealing ring 27, centre
Pipe 8, two-position three way magnetic valve 7 inhale kind of a branch pipe 3, inhale the air-channel system that kind of mouth 2 is constituted, by combined electrical brush ring 23, cathode slip ring
The circuit system that guide rail 28, master control slip ring guide rail 24, two-position three way magnetic valve 7 are constituted, by kind of room 1, sows sprocket wheel 10, transmission chain
16, the seeding system of the compositions such as flexible seed retaining plate 17,20 sprocket wheel of hairbrush, hairbrush 20, current limiting plate 29.Solenoid valve is mounted on support plate
It on 9, is engaged with intermediate tube 8, conducting wire 31 is connected with combined electrical brush ring 23, brush 35 and slip ring guide rail contact.The present invention is logical
The chassis rotation for being equipped with two-position three way magnetic valve 7 is crossed, drives the combined electrical brush ring 23 powered to solenoid valve to rotate, passes through group
The contact of the brush 35 installed on box-like brush ring 23 and strip conductor 33 and non-conductive track 32 in master control slip ring guide rail 24, it is real
The conversion of existing two-position three way magnetic valve 7 power supply and power-off, acts two-position three way magnetic valve 7, realizes sowing function.Pass through hairbrush
Sprocket wheel band electric brush 20 rotates, and realizes mechanical clear kind of function.The specific structure of each component is described below.
Kind room 1 is enclosed by left plate 19, right side plate 18, front panel 37, backarc plate 36 and flexible seed retaining plate 17, and is planted
The top of room 1 has a funnel shaped kinds of bank deposits area I, and kinds of bank deposits area bottom is equipped with opening, and opening is equipped with control openings of sizes
Current limiting plate 29.Current limiting plate 29 can be in aperture position pull, and then adjusts the opening size of opening.Below the kinds of bank deposits area I of kind room 1
For the area Xi Zhong II, two regions pass through open communication above-mentioned.
Negative pressure cavity 25 is the chamber for connecting external negative suction system, for providing the suction force for drawing seed.It is negative
Pressure chamber 25 is fixed in the preformed hole opened up on the left plate 19 of kind of room 1, and negative pressure cavity 25 is in hollow tube-shape, and left side can connect outer
The negative pressure source in portion, and right side surround along outer wall and is fixed with master control slip ring guide rail 24 and cathode slip ring guide rail 28, master control slip ring guide rail
It is fixed, is kept relative to not rotating by key between 24 and cathode slip ring guide rail 28 and negative pressure cavity 25.The right end of negative pressure cavity 25
It is inserted into 27 left side of sealing ring；Intermediate tube 8 is fixed in support plate 9 by support frame 14, and 27 right side of sealing ring is inserted into left end, by
This intermediate tube 8 is connected to negative pressure cavity 25 by sealing ring 27.It should be noted that due to negative pressure cavity 25 be it is fixed non-rotary,
And intermediate tube 8 is therefore should to select the type that can start sealing function when 27 type selecting of sealing ring as support plate 9 rotates
Number.
Intermediate tube 8 is in the form of annular discs close to the side of support plate 9, makes a circle in week and is uniformly provided with N number of aperture, respectively with N
The vertical branch pipe of item is connected, and the value of N can be 10~18.In the present embodiment, N takes 10.During one end of every branch pipe passes through
Between pipe 8 be connected to negative pressure cavity 25, the other end connect a two-position three way magnetic valve 7.26 outer ring of support frame bearing is nested in support frame
On 14, inner ring is nested on the outer wall of negative pressure cavity 25, enable support frame 14 with support frame bearing 26 for support around negative pressure cavity
25 rotations.Master control slip ring guide rail 24, cathode slip ring guide rail 28 are respectively with a unification combined electrical brush ring 23.As shown in fig. 6, combination
Formula brush ring 23 is made of brush retainer plate 34 and 10 brush 35, and 10 brushes 35 are uniformly distributed in the week of brush retainer plate 34
To brush 35 can take electricity with master control slip ring guide rail 24 or the cooperation sliding of cathode slip ring guide rail 28.Each brush 35 passes through conducting wire
Corresponding terminal on 31 connection two-position three way magnetic valves 7.The positive terminal of two-position three way magnetic valve 7 passes through a combined type
Brush 35 on brush ring 23 is connect with master control slip ring guide rail 24 takes electricity, and the negative terminal of two-position three way magnetic valve 7 passes through
Brush 35 on another combined electrical brush ring 23 is connect with cathode slip ring guide rail 28 takes electricity.Master control slip ring guide rail 24, cathode are sliding
Ring guide rail 28 connects external power supply.As shown in fig. 7, the guide rail of master control slip ring guide rail 24 is divided into two sections, one section is strip conductor 33,
Another section is non-conductive track 32.And the entire track of cathode slip ring guide rail 28 is strip conductor.Each two-position three way magnetic valve 7
It can be different and alternately powered off and on the position on guide rail in rotary course.Each 7 side of two-position three way magnetic valve
Access connection intermediate tube 8 branch pipe, in the two paths of the other side, kind of a branch pipe 3 is inhaled in an access connection, another access connects
Logical atmosphere.Every suction kind 3 end of branch pipe is separately connected several suction kind mouths 2 by branch, inhales kind of a mouth 2, suction kind branch pipe 3, two three
Three-way electromagnetic valve 7 and intermediate tube 8 are fixed in support plate 9, are rotated synchronously with support plate 9.In the present embodiment, every suction kind branch pipe 3
End is separately connected three suctions kind mouth 2 by three branches.
Main shaft 13 is fixed on the right side of support plate 9, support plate 9 is driven by main shaft 13 to be rotated.Main shaft 13 passes through on right cover plate 6
Preformed hole；Right cover plate 6 is fixed on the right side plate 18 of kind of room 1, the reserved hole site coaxial line fixed bearing block on right cover plate 6
11, bearing block 11 embeds bearing 12；Main shaft 13 passes through bearing 12 and realizes rotational support.The outside of main shaft 13 connects coaxial sowing
Sprocket wheel 10 and power wheel 15, sows sprocket wheel 10 and power wheel 15 are rotated synchronously with main shaft 13, and power wheel 15 is outer, sows sprocket wheel 10
It is inner.Sows sprocket wheel 10 and hairbrush sprocket wheel 22 are made up of transmission chain 16 to be driven, and hairbrush sprocket wheel 22 is fixed on brush axle 21, hair
Brush axis 21 passes through the hairbrush axis hole reserved on kind of 1 shell of room, is coaxially fixed with the hairbrush for being cleaned to suction kind mouth 2 thereon
20.Hairbrush 20 drives transmission chain 16 to act by the rotation of sows sprocket wheel 10 being installed on main shaft 13, and then with electric brush sprocket wheel
22 rotation and realize rotation.20 direction of rotation of hairbrush is identical with kind of 2 direction of rotation of mouth is inhaled, more straight than hairbrush sprocket wheel 22 by setting
The big sows sprocket wheel 10 of diameter realizes and inhales kind of mouth 2 and the rotation speed of hairbrush 20 is poor, using incomplete on 20 pairs of suction kind mouths 2 of hairbrush
The seed fallen is realized clear kind mechanical.
In order to reduce the size of the area Xi Zhong II, make seed aggregation convenient for drawing, left plate 19 and right side below kind of room 1
One piece of intermediate bulkhead 30 parallel with right side plate 18 is equipped between plate 18, flexible seed retaining plate 17 is riveted under 1 backarc plate 36 of kind of room
Portion, flexible seed retaining plate 17 surround the area Xi Zhong II with backarc plate 36, intermediate bulkhead 30, right side plate 18.It is reserved on flexible seed retaining plate 17
There is suction kind mouth 2 and inhales kind of the rotation of branch pipe 3 by required hollow out, hollow out shape and suction kind mouth (2) and inhale kind of branch pipe (3) shape
Match, slightly larger than the profile for inhaling kind of mouth (2) and suction kind branch pipe (3).All suction kind mouth 2 and inhale kind of branch pipe 3 in rotary course according to
It is secondary inhale kind by entering back into the area Xi Zhong II after hairbrush 20 and the hollow out, it takes kind to continue to rotate again after inhaling kind and crosses vertex
Afterwards gradually diagonally downward, planting is realized.In the process, it inhales the negative pressure state needs at kind of mouth 2 and synchronizes variation, the present invention
In be to be controlled by master control slip ring guide rail 24.Lower mask body introduces its implementation.
As shown in fig. 7, strip conductor 33 is located below in master control slip ring guide rail 24, non-conductive track 32 is located above, whole
Body is in left and right mirror symmetry.When combined electrical brush ring 23 rotates on the outside of master control slip ring guide rail 24 with support plate 9, combined electrical
Brush 35 on brush ring 23 with alternately contacted between strip conductor 33 and non-conductive track 32 so that brush 35 is in non-conductive track
Two-position three way magnetic valve 7 powers off when 32 position, and the two-position three way magnetic valve 7 at 33 position of strip conductor of brush 35 is powered；And two
It when position-3-way solenoid valve 7 powers off, inhales kind of a mouth 2 and is located in the area Xi Zhong II, by inhaling kind of a mouth 2, inhaling kind of a branch pipe 3, two-position three way magnetic valve
7, the negative pressure passage opening that intermediate tube 8, sealing ring 27 and negative pressure cavity 25 are constituted completes suction kind mouth and inhales kind；Two-position three way magnetic valve 7
It when energization, inhales kind of a mouth 2 and is located at outside the flexible seed retaining plate 17 of the area Xi Zhong II, above-mentioned negative pressure passage disconnects, and makes seed in fall-sowing area
It falls.Fall-sowing area is the region that seed is fallen on sowing soil, is generally inhaling the rotation of kind of mouth 2 to the bottom but still of entire feed mechanism for seed
The position in 20 region of hairbrush is not entered.
As shown in figure 8, being air-channel system schematic diagram of the invention, two-position three way magnetic valve 7 and negative pressure cavity 25, sealing ring
27, intermediate tube 8, a suction kind branch pipe 3, suction kind mouth 2 constitute a negative pressure air-channel system, 7 one side two paths connection of two-position three way magnetic valve
One access connection of intermediate tube 8 and atmospheric environment, another side inhales kind of a branch pipe 3, negative pressure state is provided by negative pressure cavity 25, by atmosphere
Environment provides normal pressure state, and the negative pressure and often inhaled kind of branch pipe 3 and inhale kind of mouth 2 is realized by the access variation of two-position three way magnetic valve 7
Pressure conversion is completed to inhale kind and planting function.Circuit system schematic diagram such as Fig. 9, circuit system are sliding by combined electrical brush ring 23, cathode
Ring guide rail 28, master control slip ring guide rail 24, two-position three way magnetic valve 7 are constituted, a combined electrical brush ring 23 and cathode slip ring guide rail
28 assemble and connect power cathode, and a combined electrical brush ring 23 assembles with master control slip ring guide rail 24 and connect positive pole, when
When two-position three way magnetic valve 7 is rotated with support plate 9, combined electrical brush ring 23 is driven to rotate together by support frame 14, it is sliding with cathode
The combined electrical brush ring 23 that ring guide rail 28 assembles keeps the state connecting with power cathode, the group assembled with master control slip ring guide rail 24
Brush 35 on box-like brush ring 23 according to it whether the position on master control slip ring guide rail 24 determines its conduction, if brush 35 exists
On 24 strip conductor 32 of master control slip ring guide rail, then two-position three way magnetic valve 7 is powered, if brush 35 is not led in master control slip ring guide rail 24
On electric rail 33, then two-position three way magnetic valve 7 is not powered on.
In addition, in the present invention, due to being needed in rotary course by filling the seed-bearing area Xi Zhong II, it is therefore desirable to
The side panel 4 of annular is equipped between left plate 19 and support plate 9 to prevent seed from entering inside electrical component.Referring in attached drawing 3
Shown, side panel 4 is surrounded on the outside of 10 two-position three way magnetic valves 7, and being collectively formed with left plate 19 and support plate 9 will be all
Two-position three way magnetic valve 7 is wrapped in sealed chamber therein, its certain air-tightness is not necessarily intended to be completely closed, as long as can be isolated
Seed enters.Side panel 4 is fixed in support plate 9 by side panel fixinig plate 5, all suction kind mouths 2 and a suction kind branch pipe 3
It stretches out outside side panel 4, seed is drawn in rotary course.
Kind of a seed feeding method for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder is inhaled based on above-mentioned negative pressure, its step are as follows:
Firstly, seed to be sowed is placed in the kinds of bank deposits area I in kind of room 1, then driven by external driver device dynamic
Wheels 15 rotates, and carrying out suction to negative pressure cavity 25 by external negative suction system makes its internal holding negative pressure state；
Then, the opening is opened by current limiting plate 29, slides seed to the area Xi Zhong II from the kinds of bank deposits area I of kind of room 1
Bottom；
Finally, entire precision seeder realizes seeding by following three step:
The first step inhales kind: being fixed on the two-position three way magnetic valve 7 in support plate 9 and two combined electrical brush rings 23
Brush 35 alternately contacts between strip conductor 33 and non-conductive track 32 with 9 synchronous rotary of support plate, and in rotary course；When
When the suction kind mouth 2 of one two-position three way magnetic valve 7 connection enters the area Xi Zhong II across flexible seed retaining plate 17, corresponding two-position three way
Solenoid valve 7 connects the non-conductive track 32 in master control slip ring guide rail 24, and two-position three way magnetic valve 7 powers off, by inhaling kind of a mouth 2, suction kind
The negative pressure passage conducting that branch pipe 3, two-position three way magnetic valve 7, intermediate tube 8, sealing ring 27 and negative pressure cavity 25 are constituted, inhales kind of a branch pipe 3
Inside become negative pressure state immediately, by inhaling kind of mouth 2 by drawing a certain number of rice paddy seeds when the area Xi Zhong II；
Second step takes kind: the suction kind branch pipe 3 and suction kind mouth 2 of negative pressure state are right before with the rotation to fall-sowing area of support plate 9
The two-position three way magnetic valve 7 answered is connect with the non-conductive track 32 in master control slip ring guide rail 24 always, two-position three way magnetic valve 7 one
State is directly remained powered off, seed is rotated with kind of a mouth 2 is inhaled；
Clear kind of third step: when the suction kind branch pipe 3 of negative pressure state and suction kind mouth 2 rotation are open diagonally downward to kind mouth 2 is inhaled
Behind fall-sowing area, corresponding two-position three way magnetic valve 7 by brush 30 connect master control slip ring guide rail 24 in strip conductor 33, two
Three-way magnetic valve 7 is powered, and inhales kind of branch pipe 3 by another access of two-position three way magnetic valve 7 and is connected to atmosphere, inhales in kind of branch pipe 3
Negative pressure state disappears, and seed completes planting because gravity is fallen, and keeps support plate 9 to continue to rotate, the seed fallen not successfully is by difference
The hairbrush 20 of speed rotation is removed；
It constantly recycles the suction kind of three steps, take kind and clear kind of process, complete the precise sowing to seed.
In above-mentioned seeding process, seed slides to the flow velocity of the area Xi Zhong II from the kinds of bank deposits area I of kind of room 1 and is controlled by current limiting plate 29
System, and then adjust the application rate of unit area.
Negative pressure provided by the invention inhales kind of a mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder, can be realized the essence of cereal (mainly rice)
Solid matter kind function.The present invention passes through the assembly and movement of combined electrical brush ring and master control slip ring guide rail, realizes solenoid valve control
The conversion of nozzle portion negative pressure and normal pressure to realize the suction of seed and fall, and improves planting under the action of differential hairbrush
Effect, the seed that the using of flexible seed retaining plate in the area Xi Zhong to fall out of plants case will not because lower space is excessive and
External fall-sowing area is fallen directly into, and flexible seed retaining plate facilitates suction kind branch pipe to enter the area Xi Zhong using flexible material, and reduces wound
Kind rate, provides another solution and device for rice precise sowing.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, are not intended to limit the invention, all skills according to the present invention
Art any trickle amendment, equivalent replacement and improvement substantially made to the above embodiment, should be included in technical solution of the present invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of negative pressure inhales the mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder of kind, it is characterised in that: including kind of a room (1), suction kind mouth (2), inhale kind
Branch pipe (3), right cover plate (6), two-position three way magnetic valve (7), intermediate tube (8), support plate (9), sows sprocket wheel (10), bearing block
(11), bearing (12), main shaft (13), support frame (14), power wheel (15), transmission chain (16), hairbrush (20), brush axle (21),
Hairbrush sprocket wheel (22), combined electrical brush ring (23), master control slip ring guide rail (24), negative pressure cavity (25), support frame bearing (26), sealing
Enclose (27), cathode slip ring guide rail (28), current limiting plate (29), intermediate bulkhead (30)；
Kind room (1) is enclosed by left plate (19), right side plate (18), front panel (37), backarc plate (36) and flexible seed retaining plate (17)
The top for forming, and planting room (1) has a funnel shaped kinds of bank deposits area (I), and kinds of bank deposits area bottom is equipped with opening, and opening is equipped with control
The current limiting plate (29) of openings of sizes processed；
Negative pressure cavity (25) is fixed in the preformed hole opened up on the left plate (19) of kind of a room (1), and negative pressure cavity (25) is in hollow tube-shape,
Its right side surround along outer wall and is fixed with master control slip ring guide rail (24) and cathode slip ring guide rail (28) by key, negative pressure cavity (25)
End is inserted on the left of sealing ring (27)；Intermediate tube (8) is fixed on support plate (9) by support frame (14), and left end insertion is close
It is connected on the right side of seal (27) and with negative pressure cavity (25)；Making a circle in week for intermediate tube (8) is evenly equipped with N branch pipe, every branch pipe connection
One two-position three way magnetic valve (7)；Support frame bearing (26) outer ring is nested on support frame (14), and inner ring is nested with negative pressure cavity
(25)；Respectively with a combined electrical brush ring (23) is unified, two-position three way is electric for master control slip ring guide rail (24), cathode slip ring guide rail (28)
The positive terminal of magnet valve (7) is connect with master control slip ring guide rail (24) by a combined electrical brush ring (23) and takes electricity, and two
The negative terminal of three-way magnetic valve (7) is connect with cathode slip ring guide rail (28) by another combined electrical brush ring (23) and is taken
Electricity；The guide rail of the master control slip ring guide rail (24) is divided into two sections, and one section is strip conductor (33), and another section is non-conductive track
(32), the entire track of the cathode slip ring guide rail (28) is strip conductor；Each two-position three way magnetic valve (7) is rotating through
It is alternately powered off and in journey；The branch pipe of each two-position three way magnetic valve (7) side connection intermediate tube (8), other side connection are inhaled
Kind branch pipe (3), every suction kind branch pipe (3) end are separately connected several suctions kind mouth (2) by branch, inhale kind of mouth (2), a suction kind branch pipe
(3), two-position three way magnetic valve (7) and intermediate tube (8) are fixed on support plate (9), are rotated synchronously with support plate (9)；Support plate
(9) right side is fixed with main shaft (13), and main shaft (13) passes through the preformed hole on right cover plate (6)；Right cover plate (6) is fixed on kind of a room (1)
Right side plate (18) on, in the reserved hole site coaxial line fixed bearing block (11), bearing block (11) embeds bearing (12)；It is main
Axis (13) passes through bearing (12), and outside connects coaxial sows sprocket wheel (10) and power wheel (15)；Sows sprocket wheel (10) and hair
Brush sprocket wheel (22) constitutes transmission by transmission chain (16), and hairbrush sprocket wheel (22) is fixed on brush axle (21), and brush axle (21) is worn
The hairbrush axis hole reserved on kind of room (1) shell is crossed, is coaxially fixed with the hairbrush for being cleaned to suction kind mouth (2) thereon
(20)；One piece of middle interval parallel with right side plate (18) is equipped between left plate (19) and right side plate (18) below kind room (1)
Plate (30), flexible seed retaining plate (17) are riveted on kind of a room (1) backarc plate (36) lower part, flexible seed retaining plate (17) and backarc plate (36),
Intermediate bulkhead (30), right side plate (18) surround the area Xi Zhong (II), and suction kind mouth (2) is reserved on flexible seed retaining plate (17) and inhales kind of a branch
It manages (3) rotation and hairbrush is successively passed through in rotary course by required hollow out, all suction kind mouths (2) and suction kind branch pipe (3)
(20) and after the hollow out enter the area Xi Zhong (II).
2. negative pressure according to claim 1 inhales kind of a mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder, it is characterised in that: the master control is sliding
In ring guide rail (24), strip conductor (33) is located below, and non-conductive track (32) is located above；When combined electrical brush ring (23) exists
Brush (35) and strip conductor when being rotated on the outside of master control slip ring guide rail (24) with support plate (9), on combined electrical brush ring (23)
(33) it is alternately contacted between non-conductive track (32), so that brush (35) two-position three way electricity at non-conductive track (32) position
Magnet valve (7) power-off, brush (35) two-position three way magnetic valve (7) at strip conductor (33) position are powered；And two-position three-way electromagnetic
It when valve (7) powers off, inhales kind of mouth (2) and is located in the area Xi Zhong (II), by inhaling kind of mouth (2), inhaling kind of branch pipe (3), two-position three way magnetic valve
(7), the negative pressure passage opening that intermediate tube (8), sealing ring (27) and negative pressure cavity (25) are constituted completes suction kind mouth and inhales kind；Two three
When three-way electromagnetic valve (7) is powered, flexible seed retaining plate (17) outside that kind of mouth (2) are located at the area Xi Zhong (II), the negative pressure passage are inhaled
It disconnects, seed is made to fall in fall-sowing area.
3. negative pressure according to claim 1 inhales kind of a mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder, it is characterised in that: the hairbrush
(20) direction of rotation is identical with kind of mouth (2) direction of rotation is inhaled, and the diameter of sows sprocket wheel (10) is greater than hairbrush sprocket wheel (22), makes to inhale
Kind mouth (2) and hairbrush (20) differential speed rotation.
4. negative pressure according to claim 1 inhales kind of a mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder, it is characterised in that: the left plate
(19) side panel (4) of annular is equipped between support plate (9), side panel (4) is surrounded on the outer of two-position three way magnetic valve (7)
Side is collectively formed with left plate (19) and support plate (9) all two-position three way magnetic valves (7) being wrapped in seal chamber therein
Room, side panel (4) are fixed on support plate (9) by side panel fixinig plate (5)；All suction kind mouths (2) and suction kind branch pipe (3)
It is external to stretch out side panel (4).
5. negative pressure according to claim 1 inhales kind of a mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder, it is characterised in that: the N=10
~18.
6. negative pressure according to claim 1 inhales kind of a mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder, it is characterised in that: every suction kind branch pipe
(3) end is separately connected three suctions kind mouth (2) by three branches.
7. a kind of inhale kind of a seed feeding method for mechanical clear kind of formula precision seeder using any negative pressure of claim 1~6,
It is characterized in that, steps are as follows:
Firstly, seed to be sowed is placed in the kinds of bank deposits area (I) in kind of a room (1), then driven by external driver device dynamic
Wheels (15) rotation, carrying out suction to negative pressure cavity (25) by external negative suction system makes its internal holding negative pressure state；
Then, the opening is opened by current limiting plate (29), slides seed to the area Xi Zhong from the kinds of bank deposits area (I) of kind of a room (1)
The bottom of (II)；
Finally, entire precision seeder realizes seeding by following three step:
The first step inhales kind: being fixed on the two-position three way magnetic valve (7) on support plate (9) and two combined electrical brush rings (23)
Brush (35) with support plate (9) synchronous rotary, and in rotary course between strip conductor (33) and non-conductive track (32)
Alternately contact；Enter the area Xi Zhong when the suction kind mouth (2) of a two-position three way magnetic valve (7) connection passes through flexible seed retaining plate (17)
When (II), corresponding two-position three way magnetic valve (7) connects the non-conductive track (32) in master control slip ring guide rail (24), two-position three way
Solenoid valve (7) power-off, by inhaling kind of mouth (2), inhaling kind of branch pipe (3), two-position three way magnetic valve (7), intermediate tube (8), sealing ring (27)
The negative pressure passage conducting constituted with negative pressure cavity (25), inhales in kind of branch pipe (3) and becomes negative pressure state immediately, is passed through by inhaling kind of mouth (2)
A quantity of seeds is drawn when the area Xi Zhong (II)；
Second step takes kind: the suction kind branch pipe (3) of negative pressure state and suction plant mouth (2) before with support plate (9) rotation to fall-sowing area,
Corresponding two-position three way magnetic valve (7) connect with the non-conductive track (32) in master control slip ring guide rail (24) always, two-position three way
Solenoid valve (7) is always maintained at off-position, and seed is rotated with kind of mouth (2) are inhaled；
Clear kind of third step: when the suction kind branch pipe (3) of negative pressure state and suction kind mouth (2) rotation extremely inhale kind mouth (2) opening diagonally downward
Fall-sowing area after, corresponding two-position three way magnetic valve (7) by brush (30) connection master control slip ring guide rail (24) in conductor rail
Road (33), two-position three way magnetic valve (7) are powered, and it is big by another access connection of two-position three way magnetic valve (7) to inhale kind of branch pipe (3)
Gas, the negative pressure state inhaled in kind of branch pipe (3) disappear, and seed completes planting because gravity is fallen, and support plate (9) is kept to continue to rotate,
The seed fallen not successfully is removed by the hairbrush (20) of differential speed rotation；
It constantly recycles the suction kind of above three steps, take kind and clear kind of process, complete the precise sowing to seed.
8. seed feeding method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: seed slides from the kinds of bank deposits area (I) of kind of a room (1) to suction
The flow velocity of kind area (II) is controlled by current limiting plate (29).
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| CN201910549564.3A CN110249760B (en) | 2019-06-24 | 2019-06-24 | Negative pressure seed suction mechanical seed cleaning type precision seed sowing device and seed sowing method thereof |
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| CN112385369A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-02-23 | 温州大学 | Combined type automatic seed sorting method and seed sorting device thereof |
| CN114557174A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-05-31 | 东北农业大学 | Automatic seed cleaning, anti-blocking and seeding-rate-adjustable air-suction cell type roller seed sowing device |
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| CN110249760B (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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