CN106211884A - Synchronize low pressure circumference driven sucking precise seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a synchronous low-pressure circumferential air-suction precision seed metering device. The seed metering device includes a rear housing (1), a rear air chamber disc (2), a sprocket (3), a bearing (4), an air intake pipe (5), a seed metering disc (6), a front air chamber disc (7 ), front housing (8), clearing seed knife (9), seed box (10), seed storage box (11), unloading seed knife pressing sheet (12) and unloading seed knife (13). The seeding disk of the present invention is fixedly connected with the air chamber, which reduces air pressure loss and component wear caused by relative rotation; the seed metering device uses seed gravity and air pressure to fill seeds, improves seed filling performance, and reduces air pressure requirements; the integrated design of the air intake pipe, Airflow is directed into the air chamber, minimizing airflow loss due to connections.

Description

Synchronous low pressure circumferential air suction precision seed metering device

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a synchronous low-pressure circumferential air-suction precision seed metering device.

Background technique

The seeder is an important agricultural equipment that has a significant impact on agricultural production. As the core working part of the planter, the seed meter directly affects the effect of the sowing operation. At present, most of the seed metering devices used in the world are pneumatic seed metering devices. This type of seed metering device has the advantages of high operating precision, fast sowing speed, low requirements on the shape and size of seeds, and little influence of mechanical vibration on seed metering.

At present, the domestic air-suction seed metering device is in its infancy. The structure mostly adopts the relative rotation of the seeding disc and the chamber. The air-suction seed metering device of China Utility Model Authorization Notice No. CN202374677U; the air-suction seed metering device of composite seeding disc, China Utility Model Authorization Notice No. CN201057704Y; the air-suction seed metering device with double-cavity intermediate transmission, China Utility Model Authorized announcement number CN201499441U; all adopt the working method that the seeding disc and the chamber rotate relatively. The relative rotation of the seed tray and the chamber has poor sealing effect, high demand for wind pressure, and high energy consumption.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above disadvantages, the object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous low-pressure circumferential air suction system with compact and reasonable structure, stable and reliable operation, low demand for wind pressure, no relative movement between the seed tray and the air chamber, and gravity and wind pressure to assist seed filling. type precision metering device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

The invention provides a synchronous low-pressure circumferential air-suction precision seed metering device, which includes a rear housing 1, a rear air chamber disc 2, a sprocket 3, a bearing 4, an air intake pipe 5, a seed metering disc 6, Front air chamber disc 7, front housing 8, seed clearing knife 9, seed box 10, seed storage box 11, seed unloading knife pressing piece 12 and seed unloading knife 13;

The front housing 8 is disc-shaped, and its outer edge is symmetrically arranged with hinged ears 801 and fixed ears 802;

The cross section of the rear housing 1 is in an inverted "convex" shape, with a first chamber and a second chamber; the upper and lower parts of the side wall 103 of the first chamber are respectively provided with a seed inlet 105 and a seed discharge port 107; On the inside of the first chamber side wall 103, the lower edge of the seed inlet 105 and the lower edge of the seed discharge port 107 are respectively provided with a seed inlet stopper 104 and a seed discharge stopper 106; The outside of the side wall 103 is provided with a single connection ear 108 corresponding to the fixed ear 802 of the front housing 8; the single connection ear 108 is connected with the fixed ear 802; ear 109;

The center of the second chamber is provided with an intake pipe mounting seat 102; the intake pipe mounting seat 102 is provided with a through hole for accommodating the intake pipe 5; the side wall 101 of the second chamber is provided with a sprocket drive port 110;

The sprocket 3 is arranged in the second chamber of the rear casing 1, and forms a rotational connection with the intake pipe mounting seat 102 through the bearing 4;

The seed cleaning knife 9 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the side wall 103 of the first chamber, and is located on the upper edge of the seed inlet 105;

Described air intake pipe 5 is a cylinder pipe, and one end has air intake pipe mounting ring 501; Air intake pipe 5 is inserted in the through hole of air intake pipe mounting seat 102, and is fixedly connected with air intake pipe mounting seat 102 by air intake pipe mounting ring 501; The air intake pipe mounting ring 501 and the air intake pipe mounting seat 102 are provided with an air intake pipe clamping groove 502 on the contact surface, and the other side is provided with a pressing piece mounting groove 503;

The surface of the chassis of the rear air chamber disc 2 is provided with a seeding disc installation ring 203 near the edge; the center of the chassis of the rear air chamber disc 2 is provided with a rear air chamber air intake through hole 202; the rear air chamber air intake through hole 202 The edge of the air chamber is provided with an air chamber slot 201; the chassis of the rear air chamber disc 2 is fixed on the sprocket 3, and the air chamber slot 201 and the intake pipe slot 502 cooperate with each other;

The seed tray 6 is in the shape of a ring, which includes a rear wall 601, a front wall 602, and a side wall 603 of the seed tray; ; A plurality of holes 605 are evenly arranged radially on the side wall 603 of the seeding tray;

The seeding disc 6 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the seeding disc mounting ring 203 of the rear air chamber disc 2; the front air chamber boss 701 is provided at the chassis center of the front air chamber disc 7; The front wall surface 602 of the seed tray 6 is fixedly connected; the rear air chamber tray 2, the seed tray 6 and the front air chamber tray 7 together form an air chamber;

The seed unloading knife pressing piece 12 is in the shape of "Z", one end of which is fixedly connected in the pressing piece installation groove 503 of the air intake pipe 5, and the other end is connected with the kind unloading knife 13; the said unloading knife 13 corresponds to the rear shell The seed discharge port 107 of 1 is arranged in the lower part of the seed discharge tray 6 and in the seed clearing groove 604, and fits with the inner wall of the seed discharge tray side wall 603 to cover the hole 605;

The seed storage box 11 includes a seed box mounting plate 112, a first side plate 111, a fixed plate 113, a seed unloading plate 114, a second side plate 117 and a baffle plate 119;

The first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 are arranged in parallel, and the top surfaces of both are vertically affixed to the lower surface of the seed box mounting plate 112; the upper surface of the seed box mounting plate 112 is fixed to the bottom of the seed box 10 ; The middle part of the seed box mounting plate 112 has a gap corresponding to the seed outlet of the seed box 10;

The end faces of the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 towards the rear housing 1 are arc-shaped, and have the same diameter as the first chamber side wall 103 of the rear housing 1; the seed box mounting plate 112, the first side The arc-shaped end surface of the plate 111, the arc-shaped end surface of the second side plate 117, and the baffle plate 119 vertically fixed between the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 together form a connection with the rear casing 1. A seed introduction port that matches the seed port 105; the seed box connecting ears 109 are fixedly connected to the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117;

The top of the fixed plate 113 is affixed to the lower surface of the seed box mounting plate 112, and both sides of the fixed plate 113 are affixed to the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117; the first side plate 111, the second side plate 117, The fixed plate 113 and the baffle plate 119 jointly constitute the seed discharge port, and the seed discharge port is provided with a seed discharge plate 114; the seed discharge plate 114 cooperates with the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 through the pin shaft 115 and the torsion spring 116. Hinged, and elastically fit on the fixed plate 113 and the baffle plate 119;

The outer side of the first side plate 111 is provided with a front housing installation ear 118 , and the front housing installation ear 118 is hinged to the hinge ear 801 of the front housing 8 .

The seed unloading knife 13 is a circular ring, and its outer arc fits with the inner wall of the side wall 603 of the seed tray.

The seed unloading knife 13 is gear-shaped, and the shape of its teeth corresponds to the shape of the hole 605 ; the arc length between two adjacent teeth is equal to the arc length between two adjacent holes 605 .

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

1. The seeding disc is fixedly connected with the air chamber to reduce air pressure loss and component wear caused by relative rotation;

2. The seed meter uses seed gravity and air pressure to fill the seeds, improving the filling performance and reducing the demand for air pressure;

3. The air intake pipe is integrated design, the air flow directly enters the air chamber, and the air flow loss caused by the connection is avoided to the greatest extent.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the synchronous low pressure circumferential air suction precision seed metering device;

Fig. 2 is the B-B direction sectional view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of a synchronous low-pressure circumferential air-suction precision metering device;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the rear casing 1;

Fig. 5 is a D-D cross-sectional view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is an axonometric view of the rear casing 1;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of intake pipe 5;

Figure 8 is an axonometric view of the intake pipe 5;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view of the rear air chamber disc 2;

Figure 10 is an axonometric view of the rear air chamber disc 2;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the seeding tray 6;

Fig. 12 is the E-E direction sectional view of Fig. 11;

Fig. 13 is a kind of structural representation of unloading knife 13;

Fig. 14 is another kind of structural representation of unloading knife 13;

Fig. 15 is the axonometric view of the seed storage box 10;

FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of an exploded structure of the seed storage box 10 .

The reference signs therein are:

1 rear casing 101 second chamber side wall

102 intake pipe installation seat 103 side wall of the first chamber

104 Seed inlet block 105 Seed inlet

106 Seed unloading port block 107 Seed discharge port

108 single connection ear 109 seed storage box connection ear

110 sprocket drive port 2 rear air chamber disc

201 Air chamber card slot 202 Rear air chamber intake through hole

203 Seed disc mounting ring 3 sprockets

4 bearings 5 intake pipe

501 Intake pipe mounting ring 502 Intake pipe card slot

503 pressing sheet installation groove 6 seeding discs

601 rear wall 602 front wall

603 seed tray side wall 604 seed clearing groove

Model 605 Hole 7 Front Air Chamber Disc

701 front air chamber boss 8 front housing

801 hinged ear 802 fixed ear

9 kinds of clearing knife 10 kinds of boxes

11 seed storage box 111 first side panel

112 kinds of box mounting plate 113 fixed plate

114 seed unloading plate 115 pin shaft

116 torsion spring 117 second side plate

118 Mounting ears of the front shell 119 Baffle plate

12 Seed unloading knife pressing tablet 13 Seed unloading knife

detailed description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with embodiment.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the synchronous low-pressure circumferential air suction precision seed metering device of the present invention includes a rear housing 1, a rear air chamber disc 2, a sprocket 3, a bearing 4, an air intake pipe 5, and a seed metering disc 6 , front air chamber disc 7, front housing 8, clearing kind knife 9, kind box 10, kind storage box 11, unloading kind knife pressing sheet 12 and unloading kind knife 13.

As shown in FIG. 3 , the front housing 8 is in the shape of a disk, and hinged ears 801 and fixed ears 802 are arranged symmetrically on its outer edge.

As shown in Figures 4 to 6, the cross-section of the rear housing 1 is in an inverted "convex" shape, with a first chamber and a second chamber; Seed port 105, seed discharge port 107; on the inner side of the first chamber side wall 103, the lower edge of the seed inlet 105 and the lower edge of the seed discharge port 107 are respectively provided with a seed inlet stopper 104 and a seed discharge port Block 106. A single connecting ear 108 corresponding to the fixing ear 802 of the front housing 8 is provided on the outer side of the first chamber side wall 103 ; the single connecting ear 108 is connected to the fixing ear 802 . A seed box connection ear 109 is also provided on the outside of the first chamber side wall 103 .

The center of the second chamber is provided with an intake pipe installation seat 102 ; the intake pipe installation seat 102 is provided with a through hole for accommodating the intake pipe 5 . A sprocket drive opening 110 is opened on the side wall 101 of the second chamber.

The sprocket 3 is arranged in the second chamber of the rear casing 1 and is rotationally connected with the intake pipe mounting seat 102 through the bearing 4 .

The seed cleaning knife 9 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the side wall 103 of the first chamber, and is located on the upper edge of the seed inlet 105 .

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , the air intake pipe 5 is a cylindrical pipe with an air intake pipe installation ring 501 at one end. The intake pipe 5 is inserted into the through hole of the intake pipe mounting seat 102 , and is fixedly connected to the intake pipe mounting seat 102 through the intake pipe mounting ring 501 . The intake pipe mounting ring 501 is provided with an intake pipe clamping groove 502 on the contact surface with the intake pipe mounting seat 102 , and the other surface is provided with a pressing piece mounting groove 503 .

As shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, the chassis surface of the rear air chamber disc 2 is provided with a seeding disc mounting ring 203 near the edge; the rear air chamber disc 2 is provided with a rear air chamber air intake through hole 202 at the center of the chassis circle The edge of rear air chamber intake through hole 202 is provided with air chamber draw-in groove 201; The chassis of rear air chamber disc 2 is fixed on the sprocket 3, and air chamber draw-in groove 201 cooperates with intake pipe draw-in groove 502, reduces air pressure loss.

As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 , the seed tray 6 is in the shape of a ring, which includes a rear wall 601 , a front wall 602 and a side wall 603 of the seed tray. The rear wall 601 , the side wall 603 of the seed tray and the front wall 602 jointly form an annular seed cleaning groove 604 . A plurality of holes 605 are evenly arranged in the radial direction on the side wall 603 of the seed tray.

The seed disk 6 is fixedly connected to the outside of the seed disk installation ring 203 of the rear air chamber disk 2; the front air chamber boss 701 is provided at the center of the chassis of the front air chamber disk 7. The front air chamber disc 7 is fixedly connected to the front wall surface 602 of the seed-discharging disc 6; the rear air-chamber disc 2, the seed-discharging disc 6 and the front air chamber disc 7 together form an air chamber. The front air chamber boss 701 is located in the air chamber, which reduces the space in the air chamber, increases the air pressure at the hole 605, and improves the seed filling performance of the seed meter.

The seed-discharging knife pressing piece 12 is in the shape of a "Z", one end of which is affixed in the pressing-piece mounting groove 503 of the intake pipe 5, and the other end is connected with the seed-discharging knife 13. The seed unloading knife 13 corresponds to the seed discharge port 107 of the rear housing 1 and is arranged on the bottom of the seed discharge tray 6 and in the seed clearing groove 604, and fits with the inner wall of the seed discharge tray side wall 603 to cover the hole 605 .

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 13 , the seed unloading knife 13 is a circular ring, and its outer arc fits with the inner wall of the side wall 603 of the seed tray.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 14 , the seed unloading knife 13 is gear-shaped, and the shape of its teeth corresponds to the shape of the type hole 605, so that the type hole 605 is completely covered; The arc length is equal to the arc length between two adjacent holes 605 .

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 , the seed storage box 11 includes a seed box installation plate 112 , a first side plate 111 , a fixing plate 113 , a seed unloading plate 114 , a second side plate 117 and a baffle plate 119 .

The first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 are arranged in parallel, and the top surfaces of both are vertically affixed to the lower surface of the seed box mounting plate 112; the upper surface of the seed box mounting plate 112 is fixed to the bottom of the seed box 10 . There is a gap corresponding to the seed outlet of the seed box 10 in the middle part of the seed box mounting plate 112 .

The end faces of the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 towards the rear housing 1 are arc-shaped, and have the same diameter as the first chamber side wall 103 of the rear housing 1; the seed box mounting plate 112, the first side The arc-shaped end surface of the plate 111, the arc-shaped end surface of the second side plate 117, and the baffle plate 119 vertically fixed between the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 together form a connection with the rear casing 1. Seed port 105 is matched with the seed port. The connection ears 109 of the seed box are fixedly connected to the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 respectively.

The top of the fixed plate 113 is affixed to the lower surface of the seed box mounting plate 112, and both sides of the fixed plate 113 are affixed to the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117; the first side plate 111, the second side plate 117, The fixed plate 113 and the baffle plate 119 jointly constitute the seed discharge port, and the seed discharge port is provided with a seed discharge plate 114; the seed discharge plate 114 cooperates with the first side plate 111 and the second side plate 117 through the pin shaft 115 and the torsion spring 116. Hinged, and elastically attached to the fixed plate 113 and the baffle plate 119.

The outer side of the first side plate 111 is provided with a front housing installation ear 118 , and the front housing installation ear 118 is hinged to the hinge ear 801 of the front housing 8 .

Working process of the present invention is as follows:

When working, the negative pressure airflow enters the airtight air chamber formed by the rear air chamber disc 2, the seeding disc 6 and the front air chamber disc 7 through the air intake pipe 5, and forms an air pressure difference between the air chamber and the air chamber. The seeds enter the seed storage box 11 from the seed box 10 and enter the inside of the seed meter through the seed inlet 105 . Under the action of the seed inlet baffle 104, the seeds form a population in contact with the seed disk sidewall 603 of the seed disk 6 at the upper end of the seed inlet baffle 104 and the seed inlet 105. Adsorbed on the type hole 605 under the action of. Each hole 605 may absorb one or more seeds, and the seed disc 6 rotates under the drive of the sprocket 3. With the rotation of the seed disc 6, the adsorbed seeds are brought to the seed cleaning knife 9 by the seed disc 6 Under the action of the seed clearing knife 9, the seeds in the advantageous position of the hole 605 are adsorbed more tightly by the air pressure difference, and the seeds in the unfavorable position escape from the effect of the air pressure difference and fall back to the population under the action of gravity. 605 left a seed. Along with the continuation of rotation of the seeding disc 6, the seeds are brought to the unloading knife 13, and each tooth of the unloading knife 13 corresponds to a type hole 605. When the seeds turn over the unloading knife 13, the unloading knife 13 The gear teeth will cover the type hole 605, and the seeds will be pushed out of the type hole 605. At this time, the seeds lose their adsorption force and break away from the seeding tray 6 under the action of gravity, and leave the seed metering device through the seeding port 107 to complete the seeding process.

After the operation finished, the remaining seeds in the seed box 10 and the seed storage box 11 were emptied by opening the seed unloading plate 114 .

Claims (3)

1. one kind synchronizes low pressure circumference driven sucking precise seeder, it is characterised in that: this feed mechanism for seed includes back casing (1), afterwards sky Air chamber dish (2), sprocket wheel (3), bearing (4), air inlet pipe (5), discharge plate (6), front air chamber dish (7), procapsid (8), Seed-cleaning tool (9), plant case (10), seed-storage box (11), unload kind of cutter tabletting (12) and unload kind of a cutter (13)；

Procapsid (8) is disc, and its outer rim is arranged symmetrically with hinged lug (801) and fixing ear (802)；

The cross section of described back casing (1) is inverted "convex" shape, has the first chamber and the second chamber；First chamber sidewall (103) upper and lower is respectively arranged with seed inlet (105), sowing port (107)；In the inner side of the first chamber sidewall (103), institute The lower limb of the lower limb and sowing port (107) of stating seed inlet (105) is respectively arranged with seed inlet catch (104) and unloads kind of a mouth gear Sheet (106)；The outside of the first chamber sidewall (103) is provided with the single connection corresponding with the fixing ear (802) of procapsid (8) Ear (108)；Single connection ear (108) is connected with fixing ear (802)；The outside of the first chamber sidewall (103) is provided with seed-storage box Engaging lug (109)；

Second chamber home position is provided with air inlet pipe mounting seat (102)；Air inlet pipe mounting seat (102) is provided with receiving air inlet pipe (5) through hole；Chain wheel drive mouth (110) is offered in second chamber sidewall (101)；

Described sprocket wheel (3) is arranged in back casing (1) second chamber, and consists of with air inlet pipe mounting seat (102) bearing (4) It is rotationally connected；

Described Seed-cleaning tool (9) is fixed in the first chamber sidewall (103) inner side, is positioned at seed inlet (105) top edge；

Described air inlet pipe (5) is a cylindrical pipe, and its one end has air inlet pipe mounting ring (501)；Air inlet pipe (5) is inserted into trachea In the through hole of mounting seat (102), and it is connected by air inlet pipe mounting ring (501) and air inlet pipe mounting seat (102) are fixing；Described enter Trachea mounting ring (501) is provided with air inlet pipe draw-in groove (502) with the contact surface of air inlet pipe mounting seat (102), and another side is provided with Tabletting mounting groove (503)；

The chassis surface of described rear air chamber dish (2) is provided with discharge plate mounting ring (203) near edge；Rear air chamber dish (2) chassis circle centre position offers rear air chamber air inlet through hole (202)；The edge of rear air chamber air inlet through hole (202) is arranged There is air chamber draw-in groove (201)；The chassis of rear air chamber dish (2) is fixed on sprocket wheel (3), air chamber draw-in groove (201) and air inlet pipe Draw-in groove (502) cooperates linking；

Described discharge plate (6) is in circular, and it includes rear surface (601), front face (602) and discharge plate sidewall (603)；Rear wall Face (601), discharge plate sidewall (603) and front face (602) collectively form ring-type clear kind of groove (604)；Described discharge plate sidewall (603) upper radially uniform layout multiple type hole (605)；

Described discharge plate (6) is fixed in discharge plate mounting ring (203) outside of rear air chamber dish (2)；Described front air chamber dish (7) Chassis circle centre position be provided with front air chamber boss (701)；Front air chamber dish (7) is fixing with the front face (602) of discharge plate (6) to be connected Connect；Described rear air chamber dish (2), discharge plate (6) and front air chamber dish (7) collectively form air chamber；

Described kind of the cutter tabletting (12) that unloads is in " Z " font, and its one end is fixed in the tabletting mounting groove (503) of air inlet pipe (5), another Hold and unload kind of a cutter (13) and be connected；Described kind of the cutter (13) that unloads is arranged at discharge plate (6) corresponding to the sowing port (107) of back casing (1) Bottom, plant in groove (604) clearly, and fit with the inwall of discharge plate sidewall (603), shielded type hole (605)；

Described seed-storage box (11) include kind of a case installing plate (112), the first side plate (111), fixed plate (113), unload kind of a plate (114), Second side plate (117) and baffle plate (119)；

First side plate (111) be arranged in parallel with the second side plate (117), and both top end faces are respectively perpendicular and are fixed in kind of a case installing plate (112) lower surface；The upper surface planting case installing plate (112) is affixed with the bottom planting case (10)；Plant case installing plate (112) middle part Have with plant case (10) go out the breach that kind of mouth is corresponding；

First side plate (111) and the second side plate (117) are circular arc towards the end face of back casing (1), and with the of back casing (1) One chamber sidewall (103) has same diameter；Plant case installing plate (112), the circular arc end face of the first side plate (111), the second side The circular arc end face of plate (117) and the baffle plate (119) being vertically fixed between the first side plate (111) and the second side plate (117), Collectively form match with the seed inlet (105) of back casing (1) lead kind of a mouth；Seed-storage box engaging lug (109) respectively with the first side Plate (111) and the second side plate (117) are affixed；

The top of fixed plate (113) is affixed with the lower surface planting case installing plate (112), the both sides of fixed plate (113) and the first side Plate (111) and the second side plate (117) are affixed；First side plate (111), the second side plate (117), fixed plate (113) and baffle plate (119) Collectively form and unload kind of a mouth, unload to be provided with at kind of mouth and unload kind of a plate (114)；Unload kind of a plate (114) by bearing pin (115) and torsion spring (116) Coordinate, hinged with the first side plate (111) and the second side plate (117), and elastic fit is in fixed plate (113) and baffle plate (119)；

The outside of the first side plate (111) is provided with procapsid mounting ear (118), procapsid mounting ear (118) and procapsid (8) Hinged ear (801) is hinged.

Synchronization low pressure circumference driven sucking precise seeder the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that unload kind of a cutter described in: (13) being one section of annulus, its external arc fits with the inwall of discharge plate sidewall (603).

Synchronization low pressure circumference driven sucking precise seeder the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that unload kind of a cutter described in: (13) in gear-like, the shape of its gear teeth is corresponding with the shape of type hole (605)；Arc length between its adjacent two gear teeth is equal to Arc length between adjacent two type holes (605).