CN110243848B - X-ray beam light barrier and using method thereof - Google Patents
X-ray beam light barrier and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110243848B CN110243848B CN201910537335.XA CN201910537335A CN110243848B CN 110243848 B CN110243848 B CN 110243848B CN 201910537335 A CN201910537335 A CN 201910537335A CN 110243848 B CN110243848 B CN 110243848B
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- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N23/20—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by using diffraction of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating crystal structure; by using scattering of the radiation by the materials, e.g. for investigating non-crystalline materials; by using reflection of the radiation by the materials
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Abstract
The invention provides an X-ray beam light stopper and a using method thereof, wherein the light stopper comprises a body, a scattering cavity, a photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity, a photoelectric conversion device, a bracket and a current receiving device, wherein the scattering cavity comprises a through section and a scattering section, and a scattering surface is arranged at the transition position of the through section and the scattering section and used for blocking incident beams from the through section and generating a secondary fluorescence signal to enter the scattering section; the photoelectric conversion device is arranged in the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity and used for receiving the secondary fluorescent signal from the scattering surface and converting the secondary fluorescent signal into a current signal; the bracket is connected with the body and covers the accommodating cavity of the photoelectric conversion device; the current receiving device is connected with the photoelectric conversion device through a signal wire and is used for converting the analog signal output by the photoelectric conversion device into a digital signal. The invention can be used for monitoring the light intensity of the incident beam in the beam line station, has smaller size and longer service life of the photodiode, and can automatically find the center of the incident beam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of synchronous radiation, and relates to an X-ray beam light barrier and a using method thereof.
Background
The relationship between the structure and function of biological macromolecules (mainly proteins) is one of the core problems in molecular biology today. By using the synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering technology, people can research samples with molecular weights ranging from several KDa to several MDa in a solution state and obtain structural information of the samples. This provides a powerful tool for studying the properties of protein molecules in physiological states, conformational changes and binding of protein molecules to other substrates. Therefore, synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering technology has received increasing attention in recent years with its unique advantages.
Biological samples have weak scattering signals due to small-angle X-ray scattering, and are extremely susceptible to the environment of the sample. These effects cause absorption of X-rays by the sample, and in turn cause a change in the intensity of scattered light. Therefore, the transmitted light intensity needs to be accurately measured in the experimental process, and the data normalization is realized by using the intensity. Meanwhile, since the intensity of the direct light is much greater than the scattering intensity, the direct light needs to be blocked by the light barrier.
At present, the international synchrotron radiation device mainly adopts a built-in photodiode in a light beam stopper to measure the light intensity in the experimental process. X-rays are converted into visible light using a scintillator and then measured by a photodiode. This eliminates the need for additional measurement devices, such as ionization chambers, and avoids stray radiation. However, the size of the beam stopper manufactured by the method is limited by the size of the photodiode, and the size of the beam stopper is difficult to be less than 4 mm. Meanwhile, the high-intensity X-ray beam generated by the third generation synchronous radiation device is directly irradiated to easily damage the photodiode, so that the service life is shortened. This problem can be ameliorated by adding a metal plate in front of the scintillator to attenuate part of the light intensity, but new measurement errors can be introduced. Xu et al monitor the intensity of direct light using the photoelectric effect, thus eliminating the need for a photodiode for intensity measurement and effectively reducing the size of the light barrier. However, additional driving voltages need to be added during the measurement. Blanchet et al, by placing a photodiode laterally, receive the photoelectrons of the light barrier to achieve light intensity measurements, which reduces the size of the light barrier without applying additional voltage.
Due to the particularities of synchrotron radiation beam-line stations, beam blockers do not have a common structure. It needs to be redesigned in conjunction with the specific layout of the line station and the control system.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray beam stopper and a method for using the same, which are used to solve the problems of the prior art that the size of the X-ray beam stopper is large and the parasitic scattering is high.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides an X-ray beam stopper including:
a body;
the scattering cavity comprises a through section and a scattering section, the through section is opened from one side surface of the body and extends to the inside of the body along a first direction, the scattering section is connected with the through section and extends to a second direction in the body, the second direction is crossed with the first direction, a scattering surface which is inclined relative to the extending direction of the through section is arranged at the transition position of the through section and the scattering section, and the scattering surface is used for blocking incident light beams from the through section and generating secondary fluorescent signals to enter the scattering section;
the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity is positioned in the body and is communicated with the scattering section;
the photoelectric conversion device is arranged in the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity and used for receiving the secondary fluorescent signal from the scattering surface and converting the secondary fluorescent signal into a current signal;
the bracket is connected with the body and covers the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity;
and the current receiving device is connected with the photoelectric conversion device through a signal wire and is used for converting the analog signal output by the photoelectric conversion device into a digital signal.
Optionally, the bracket is provided with a signal line accommodating cavity and a signal line through hole communicated with the signal line accommodating cavity, the width of the signal line accommodating cavity is greater than that of the signal line through hole, and the signal line starts from the photoelectric conversion device, passes through the signal line accommodating cavity, and passes through the signal line through hole to reach the outside of the bracket.
Optionally, the bracket is connected with the body through a fastener.
Optionally, the X-ray beam stopper further includes a two-dimensional moving platform, and the two-dimensional moving platform is connected to the bracket or the main body, and is configured to adjust a position of the X-ray beam stopper, so that an inlet of the scattering cavity is aligned with an incident beam.
Optionally, the X-ray beam stopper further includes a control device, and the control device is configured to read the digital signal output by the current receiving device and control the motion of the two-dimensional moving platform.
Optionally, the two-dimensional moving platform comprises a support rod, a vertical motor screw, a vertical motor slider, a vertical motor base, a horizontal motor screw, a horizontal motor slider and a horizontal motor base, wherein a first end of the support rod is connected to the bracket or the body, a second end of the support rod is connected to the horizontal motor slider, the horizontal motor slider is mounted on the horizontal motor screw, two ends of the horizontal motor screw are respectively connected to the horizontal motor base and the vertical motor slider, the horizontal motor is connected to the horizontal motor screw through the horizontal motor base for driving the horizontal motor screw according to an adjustment signal, and further driving the horizontal motor slider, the horizontal motor base is further connected to the vertical motor slider, and the vertical motor slider is mounted on the vertical motor screw, the two ends of the vertical motor screw rod are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the vertical motor base, and the vertical motor is connected to the vertical motor screw rod through the vertical motor base and used for driving the vertical motor screw rod according to an adjusting signal so as to drive the vertical motor slide block.
Optionally, the pipe diameter of the straight section is less than 1 mm.
Optionally, the material of the body includes at least one of tungsten, lead, cadmium and copper.
Optionally, the photoelectric conversion device comprises a photodiode.
Optionally, the current receiving means comprises a picoammeter.
Optionally, the angle of inclination of the scattering surface with respect to the direction of extension of the through section is in the range 30 ° -60 °.
Optionally, the scattering cavity has an entrance with an inclined sidewall having an inclination angle in the range of 30 ° to 60 ° with respect to the direction of extension of the through section.
Optionally, a diameter of a light blocking surface of the X-ray beam stopper is less than 7 mm.
The invention also provides a using method of the X-ray beam light barrier, which comprises the following steps:
calibrating the coordinates of the beam line station and the coordinates of the X-ray beam light barrier, and determining a relative zero point and the moving direction of the X-ray beam light barrier;
detecting the light intensity of the incident beam through the X-ray beam stopper, and moving the X-ray beam stopper to obtain the light intensity distribution of the incident beam;
recording the maximum light intensity as the center of the incident beam, and aligning the X-ray beam light barrier to the center of the incident beam;
the position and size of the slit opening of the beam line station are adjusted to adjust the light intensity of the incident beam.
Optionally, the moving direction of the X-ray beam stopper includes an X direction perpendicular to the incident beam and a Y direction perpendicular to the incident beam, and the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other.
As described above, the X-ray beam light stopper of the invention can be used for monitoring the light intensity of incident beams in a beam line station, aiming at the light path layout of a biological small-angle scattered ray station, heavy metal is adopted as a light-blocking material, direct light can be effectively blocked, the fast and accurate measurement of the X-ray light intensity is realized by utilizing the back scattering principle of the heavy metal, the photodiode is arranged on the side surface of the direct light, the size of the light stopper can be effectively reduced, and the diameter of a light-blocking surface can be reduced from 7mm to 3mm of the existing device and can be further reduced to 2 mm. Since the photodiode does not directly face the X-ray, the service life of the photodiode can be greatly improved. The invention can also automatically find the central position of the light spot (light beam) by utilizing the two-dimensional mobile platform, and can realize the automatic slit adjustment of the light beam line station by combining the control system, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the light intensity of the incident light beam and obtaining an ideal experimental state. In addition, the beam inlet of the X-ray beam stopper adopts an oblique angle, so that parasitic scattering can be effectively reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an X-ray beam stopper according to the present invention.
Fig. 2-3 show schematic views of the body in an X-ray beam stopper according to the invention.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic view of the holder in the X-ray beam stopper of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the two-dimensional moving platform in the X-ray beam stopper of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the X-ray beam stopper of the present invention during light blocking.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a larger size X-ray beam stopper in stopping light.
Fig. 8 shows the intensity distribution obtained by scanning the X-ray beam stopper of the present invention in the X direction.
Fig. 9 shows the intensity distribution obtained by scanning the X-ray beam stopper of the present invention in the Y direction.
FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating a method of using the X-ray beam stopper of the present invention.
Description of the element reference numerals
1 main body
2 scattering cavity
2a straight section
2b scattering section
3 scattering surface
4 incident light beam
5 Secondary fluorescence Signal
6 photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity
7 photoelectric conversion device
8 support
9 fastener
10 signal line accommodating cavity
11 signal line perforation
12 current receiving device
13 two-dimensional moving platform
13a support bar
13b vertical motor
13c vertical motor screw rod
13d vertical motor slide block
13e vertical motor base
13f horizontal motor
13g horizontal motor screw rod
13h horizontal motor slide block
13i horizontal motor base
14 control device
15 groove
16. 17 mounting hole
18 signal line
Extension direction of M straight-through section
Direction of extension of the N scattering sections
Inclination angle of A scattering surface
Side wall inclination angle of B scattering cavity inlet
Width of S signal line holding cavity
Width of T signal line through hole
Diameter of D pipe
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 10. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Example one
The present invention provides an X-ray beam stopper, please refer to fig. 1, which shows a schematic structural diagram of the X-ray beam stopper, comprising a main body 1, a scattering cavity 2, a photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity 6, a photoelectric conversion device 7, a bracket 8 and a current receiving device 12, wherein the scattering cavity 2 comprises a through section and a scattering section, the through section is opened from one side surface of the body, and extends to the inside of the body along a first direction, the scattering section is connected with the through section and extends to a second direction in the body, the second direction crosses the first direction, a scattering surface 3 inclined relative to the extending direction of the through section is arranged at the transition position of the through section and the scattering section, the scattering surface 3 is used for blocking an incident light beam 4 from the straight-through section and generating a secondary fluorescence signal 5 to enter the scattering section; the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity 6 is positioned in the body and is communicated with the scattering section; the photoelectric conversion device 7 is arranged in the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity 6 and used for receiving the secondary fluorescent signal 5 from the scattering surface 3 and converting the secondary fluorescent signal into a current signal; the bracket 8 is connected to the body 1 and covers the accommodating cavity 6 of the photoelectric conversion device, and the current receiving device 12 is connected to the photoelectric conversion device 7 through a signal line 18 and is configured to convert an analog signal output by the photoelectric conversion device 7 into a digital signal.
As an example, the body 1 uses heavy metal as a light blocking material, which can effectively block direct light, and the material includes, but is not limited to, at least one of tungsten, lead, cadmium, and copper. When an incident X-ray beam irradiates the inner wall of the metal (mainly the scattering surface 3) of the body 1, low-level electrons of the metal can jump to a high level, secondary fluorescent signals (backscattering) in direct proportion to the incident light intensity can be generated in the falling process of the electrons, the photoelectric conversion device 7 can receive the secondary fluorescent signals and convert the secondary fluorescent signals into current signals, and the magnitude of the current signals can reflect the magnitude of the incident X-ray light intensity. Since the photoelectric conversion device 7 has only one receiving surface, the excess back-scattering will be scattered in the scattering cavity 2 and will eventually be absorbed by the metal inner walls of the scattering cavity 2.
By way of example, the photoelectric conversion device 7 includes, but is not limited to, a photodiode. The current receiving device includes, but is not limited to, a picoampere meter, which can measure a current signal in the order of nanoamperes.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic structural diagram of the main body 1 is shown, in which an extending direction M of the through section 2a and an extending direction N of the scattering section 2b are shown. In this embodiment, the extending direction M of the through section is perpendicular to the extending direction N of the scattering section, and in other embodiments, the extending direction M of the through section and the extending direction N of the scattering section may also form other crossing angles, which should not unduly limit the scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of the body 1 is shown, in which an inclination angle a of the scattering surface 3 is shown. By way of example, the angle of inclination a of the scattering surface is in the range 30 ° to 60 °, preferably 30 ° in this embodiment, to facilitate absorption of the photoelectrons by the photodiode.
The pipe diameter D of the through section 2a is also shown in fig. 3, as an example the pipe diameter D of the through section 2a is smaller than 1 mm. In this embodiment, the cross section of the through section 2a is circular, and the pipe diameter refers to the diameter. In other embodiments, the cross section of the through section 2a may have other shapes, and the scope of the present invention should not be limited too much.
With continued reference to fig. 3, the entrance of the scattering cavity 2 has an inclined sidewall, which is inclined with respect to the extending direction of the through section, so as to avoid unwanted stray radiation. The sidewall inclination angle B of the scattering chamber inlet is shown in fig. 3. By way of example, the sidewall inclination angle B of the scattering chamber inlet is in the range of 30 ° -60 °, preferably 45 ° in this embodiment, which is effective in reducing parasitic scattering.
Referring to fig. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of the bracket 8, a signal line accommodating cavity 10 and a signal line through hole 11 communicating with the signal line accommodating cavity 10 are disposed in the bracket 8, and a width S of the signal line accommodating cavity 10 is greater than a width T of the signal line through hole 11. As shown in fig. 1, the signal line 18 starts from the photoelectric conversion device 7, passes through the signal line accommodating chamber 10, and passes through the signal line through hole 11 to reach the outside of the holder 8. The signal line 18 includes at least a positive electrode lead and a negative electrode lead. Since the bracket 8 also blocks a part of the scattered signal, the smaller the size of the signal line penetration hole 11, the better it is to avoid leakage, and the diameter thereof is 2mm in this embodiment.
As an example, the bracket 8 is connected to the body 1 by a fastening member 9 (e.g., a screw), and the bracket 8 and the body 1 cooperate with each other to form a closed cavity for fixing the photoelectric conversion device 7 and the body. The material of the bracket 8 includes but is not limited to stainless steel. In this embodiment, the body 1 is provided with a groove 15 (as shown in fig. 2 and 3), the bracket 8 is at least partially embedded in the groove 15 (as shown in fig. 1), a side wall of the groove is provided with a mounting hole 16 for cooperating with the fastening member 9, and a side wall of the bracket 8 is provided with a mounting hole 17 for cooperating with the fastening member 9.
Of course, in other embodiments, the bracket 8 and the body 1 may be fixed in other ways, and the scope of the invention should not be limited too much.
Referring back to fig. 1, the X-ray beam stopper further includes a two-dimensional moving platform 13, and the two-dimensional moving platform 13 is connected to the bracket 8 or the main body 1 for adjusting the position of the X-ray beam stopper so that the entrance of the scattering cavity 2 is aligned with the incident light beam 4.
Referring to fig. 5, which is a schematic structural diagram of the two-dimensional moving platform 13, the two-dimensional moving platform 13 includes a supporting rod 13a, a vertical motor 13b, a vertical motor screw 13c, a vertical motor slider 13d, a vertical motor base 13e, a horizontal motor 13f, a horizontal motor screw 13g, a horizontal motor slider 13h and a horizontal motor base 13i, wherein a first end of the supporting rod 13a is connected to the bracket 8 or the body 1, a second end of the supporting rod 13a is connected to the horizontal motor slider 13h, the horizontal motor slider 13h is mounted on the horizontal motor screw 13g, two ends of the horizontal motor screw 13g are respectively connected to the horizontal motor base 13i and the vertical motor slider 13d, the horizontal motor 13f is connected to the horizontal motor screw 13g through the horizontal motor base 13i, the horizontal motor base 13i is further connected to the vertical motor slider 13d, the vertical motor slider 13d is mounted on the vertical motor lead screw 13c, two ends of the vertical motor lead screw 13c are respectively connected to two opposite sides of the vertical motor base 13e, and the vertical motor 13b is connected to the vertical motor lead screw 13c through the vertical motor base 13e and is used for driving the vertical motor lead screw 13c according to an adjusting signal and further driving the vertical motor slider 13 d.
As an example, the first end of the support rod 13a is connected to the bracket 8 by welding. In other embodiments, other connection manners between the supporting rod 13a and the bracket 8 or the body 1 can be used, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be limited too much.
As an example, the horizontal motor 13f and the vertical motor 13b both adopt a stepping motion manner to facilitate the X-ray beam stopper to scan the light intensity distribution of the incident light beam in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction.
Referring back to fig. 1, the X-ray beam stopper further includes a control device 14, such as a computer, where the control device 14 is configured to read the digital signal output by the current receiving device 12 and send out a corresponding adjustment signal to control the movement of the two-dimensional moving platform 13. In this embodiment, the horizontal motor 13f and the vertical motor 13b of the two-dimensional moving platform 13 are both connected to the control device 14, and the current receiving device 12 (taking a pico ampere meter as an example) is connected to the control device 14 through an RS232 serial port.
In the present invention, the photoelectric conversion device 7 is mounted on the side of the direct light, and does not affect the size of the light receiving surface. Due to the absence of the interference of the photoelectric conversion device 7, the size of the light barrier can be greatly reduced to 3mm, and can be further reduced to 2mm, so that the lowest angle of detection is significantly reduced. The particle size for small angle scatter detection can be doubled according to the reciprocal relationship.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, a schematic diagram of the X-ray beam stopper of the present invention when blocking light and a schematic diagram of a conventional larger-sized X-ray beam stopper when blocking light are shown, respectively, wherein the diameter of the light blocking surface of the X-ray beam stopper of the present invention is 3mm, which is significantly reduced compared to the diameter (7mm) of the light blocking surface of the conventional stopper. In addition, since the photoelectric conversion device 7 does not directly face X-rays, the service life of the photoelectric conversion device 7 can be greatly improved.
The X-ray beam light blocking device of this embodiment can be used to the light intensity monitoring that beam line station carries out incident beam, this light blocking device is to the light path overall arrangement at biological small-angle scattered ray station, adopt heavy metal as the material that is in the light, can effectively shelter from direct light, and utilize the back scattering principle of heavy metal to realize the quick accurate measurement of X-ray light intensity, photodiode installs the side at direct light, can effectively reduce the size of light blocking device, the diameter that blocks the plain noodles can be followed the 7mm of current device and reduced to 3mm, and can further reduce to 2 mm. Since the photodiode does not directly face the X-ray, the service life of the photodiode can be greatly improved. The invention can also automatically find the central position of the light spot (light beam) by utilizing the two-dimensional mobile platform, and can realize the automatic slit adjustment of the light beam line station by combining the control system, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the light intensity of the incident light beam and obtaining an ideal experimental state. In addition, the beam inlet of the X-ray beam stopper adopts an oblique angle, so that parasitic scattering can be effectively reduced.
Example two
In this embodiment, a method for using an X-ray beam stopper is provided, in which the X-ray beam stopper in the first embodiment is used to monitor light intensity, please refer to fig. 8, which is a flowchart of the method, and includes the following steps:
s1: calibrating the coordinates of the beam line station and the coordinates of the X-ray beam light barrier, and determining a relative zero point and the moving direction of the X-ray beam light barrier;
s2: detecting the light intensity of the incident beam through the X-ray beam stopper, and moving the X-ray beam stopper to obtain the light intensity distribution of the incident beam;
s3: recording the maximum light intensity as the center of the incident beam, and aligning the X-ray beam light barrier to the center of the incident beam;
s4: the position and size of the slit opening of the beam line station are adjusted to adjust the light intensity of the incident beam.
Specifically, the X-ray beam stopper is installed at the beam line station, wherein the testing station needs to limit the size of the light spot by using a slit so as to obtain an ideal experimental state. The relative zero point and the moving direction of the slit and the light barrier can be determined in a control system, then the central position (the maximum light intensity value) of a light beam (light spot) is obtained by scanning the light barrier, and then the position and the size of the opening of the slit are adjusted according to a preset program, so that the automatic adjustment of the light intensity can be realized.
As an example, the incident light is parallel to the horizontal plane, X, Y are two directions perpendicular to the incident light, where X represents the horizontal direction and Y represents the vertical direction. The control device is used for controlling the motion of a horizontal motor and a vertical motor in the two-dimensional mobile platform, and controlling the motion of a horizontal motor lead screw and a vertical motor lead screw, so that the horizontal motor slide block and the vertical motor slide block move to drive the supporting rod to move, and further the X-ray beam light barrier is moved to receive direct light. The beam light barrier is mainly used for monitoring the light intensity of a beam line station, so that when the center of the beam line station is aligned with the center of an incident beam, the light intensity can be continuously monitored, and current is output. The current value can be calibrated by the output of the X-ray ionization chamber, and the light intensity information is reflected.
As an example, the experimental conditions when finding the spot center position include: the incident light energy is 12keV, the spot size is 0.3mm 0.1mm, and the central opening of the light barrier is less than 1 mm. Referring to fig. 9 and 10, fig. 9 shows the light intensity distribution (dot diagram) scanned by the light barrier along the horizontal direction (X direction) and the bell-shaped distribution curve (line diagram) obtained by the gaussian fitting, and fig. 10 shows the light intensity distribution (dot diagram) scanned by the light barrier along the vertical direction (Y direction) and the bell-shaped distribution curve (line diagram) obtained by the gaussian fitting. It can be seen that the maximum value of the light intensity can be found by moving the platform in two dimensions.
In summary, the X-ray beam light barrier of the present invention can be used for monitoring the light intensity of an incident beam at a beam line station, and the light barrier adopts heavy metals as light barrier materials for the light path layout of a biological small-angle scattered beam station, so as to effectively block direct light, and realize the fast and accurate measurement of the X-ray light intensity by using the back scattering principle of the heavy metals, and the photodiode is installed on the side surface of the direct light, so as to effectively reduce the size of the light barrier, and the diameter of the light barrier surface can be reduced from 7mm to 3mm of the existing device, and can be further reduced to 2 mm. Since the photodiode does not directly face the X-ray, the service life of the photodiode can be greatly improved. The invention can also automatically find the central position of the light spot (light beam) by utilizing the two-dimensional mobile platform, and can realize the automatic slit adjustment of the light beam line station by combining the control system, thereby realizing the automatic adjustment of the light intensity of the incident light beam and obtaining an ideal experimental state. In addition, the beam inlet of the X-ray beam stopper adopts an oblique angle, so that parasitic scattering can be effectively reduced. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An X-ray beam stopper, comprising:
a body;
the scattering cavity comprises a through section and a scattering section, the through section is opened from one side surface of the body and extends to the inside of the body along a first direction, the scattering section is connected with the through section and extends to a second direction in the body, the second direction is crossed with the first direction, a scattering surface which is inclined relative to the extending direction of the through section is arranged at the transition position of the through section and the scattering section, and the scattering surface is used for blocking incident light beams from the through section and generating secondary fluorescent signals to enter the scattering section;
the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity is positioned in the body and is communicated with the scattering section;
the photoelectric conversion device is arranged in the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity and used for receiving the secondary fluorescent signal from the scattering surface and converting the secondary fluorescent signal into a current signal;
the bracket is connected with the body and covers the photoelectric conversion device accommodating cavity;
the current receiving device is connected with the photoelectric conversion device through a signal wire and is used for converting the analog signal output by the photoelectric conversion device into a digital signal;
the inlet of the scattering cavity is provided with an inclined side wall so that the opening size of the inlet is gradually reduced towards the inner direction of the scattering cavity;
the X-ray beam stopper further comprises a two-dimensional moving platform, wherein the two-dimensional moving platform is connected to the support or the body and used for adjusting the position of the X-ray beam stopper so that the inlet of the scattering cavity is aligned with an incident beam;
the support is internally provided with a signal wire accommodating cavity and a signal wire through hole communicated with the signal wire accommodating cavity, the width of the signal wire accommodating cavity is greater than that of the signal wire through hole, and the signal wire starts from the photoelectric conversion device, passes through the signal wire accommodating cavity and passes through the signal wire through hole to reach the outside of the support;
the pipe diameter of the straight section is less than 1 mm; the material of the body comprises at least one of tungsten, lead, cadmium and copper; the angle of inclination of the scattering surface with respect to the direction of extension of the straight section is in the range 30 ° -60 °; the angle of inclination of the sloping side walls with respect to the direction of extension of the straight-through section is in the range 30 ° -60 °; the diameter of the light blocking surface of the X-ray beam light blocking device is smaller than 7 mm.
2. The X-ray beam stopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bracket is connected with the body through a fastener.
3. The X-ray beam stopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the X-ray beam light barrier also comprises a control device, and the control device is used for reading the digital signal output by the current receiving device and controlling the motion of the two-dimensional moving platform.
4. The X-ray beam stopper according to claim 3, characterized in that: the two-dimensional moving platform comprises a support rod, a vertical motor screw rod, a vertical motor slide block, a vertical motor base, a horizontal motor screw rod, a horizontal motor slide block and a horizontal motor base, wherein the first end of the support rod is connected with the bracket or the body, the second end of the support rod is connected with the horizontal motor slide block, the horizontal motor slide block is arranged on the horizontal motor screw rod, the two ends of the horizontal motor screw rod are respectively connected with the horizontal motor base and the vertical motor slide block, the horizontal motor is connected with the horizontal motor screw rod through the horizontal motor base and is used for driving the horizontal motor screw rod according to an adjusting signal so as to drive the horizontal motor slide block, the horizontal motor base is also connected with the vertical motor slide block, and the vertical motor slide block is arranged on the vertical motor screw rod, the two ends of the vertical motor screw rod are respectively connected to the two opposite sides of the vertical motor base, and the vertical motor is connected to the vertical motor screw rod through the vertical motor base and used for driving the vertical motor screw rod according to an adjusting signal so as to drive the vertical motor slide block.
5. The X-ray beam stopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the photoelectric conversion device includes a photodiode.
6. The X-ray beam stopper according to claim 1, characterized in that: the current receiving device comprises a picoammeter.
7. Use of an X-ray beam stopper according to any of claims 1-6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
installing an X-ray beam light stopper in a beam line station, limiting the size of a light spot by using a slit in the beam line station, calibrating the coordinates of the beam line station and the coordinates of the X-ray beam light stopper, and determining the relative zero points of the slit and the light stopper and the moving direction of the X-ray beam light stopper;
detecting the light intensity of the incident beam through the X-ray beam stopper, and moving the X-ray beam stopper to obtain the light intensity distribution of the incident beam;
recording the maximum light intensity as the center of the incident beam, and aligning the X-ray beam light barrier to the center of the incident beam;
the position and size of the slit opening of the beam line station are adjusted to adjust the light intensity of the incident beam.
8. Use of an X-ray beam stopper according to claim 7, characterized in that: the moving direction of the X-ray beam stopper comprises an X direction vertical to the incident beam and a Y direction vertical to the incident beam, and the X direction and the Y direction are perpendicular to each other.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910537335.XA CN110243848B (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2019-06-20 | X-ray beam light barrier and using method thereof |
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| CN201910537335.XA CN110243848B (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2019-06-20 | X-ray beam light barrier and using method thereof |
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| CN110243848B true CN110243848B (en) | 2022-04-01 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6330301B1 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2001-12-11 | Osmic, Inc. | Optical scheme for high flux low-background two-dimensional small angle x-ray scattering |
| US7742564B2 (en) * | 2006-01-24 | 2010-06-22 | The University Of North Carolina At Chapel Hill | Systems and methods for detecting an image of an object by use of an X-ray beam having a polychromatic distribution |
| EP1947448B1 (en) * | 2007-01-19 | 2013-07-03 | Panalytical B.V. | X-ray diffraction equipment for X-ray scattering |
| FR2955391B1 (en) * | 2010-01-18 | 2012-03-16 | Xenocs | COMPACT X-RAY ANALYSIS SYSTEM |
| CN102680501B (en) * | 2012-05-26 | 2013-11-20 | 中国人民解放军信息工程大学 | Collimation system for X-ray backscatter scanner |
| CN204116252U (en) * | 2014-08-27 | 2015-01-21 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of vertical super X-ray small angle scattering device |
| CN105417127A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-03-23 | 安徽德力日用玻璃股份有限公司 | Ball screw bottle pushing machine |
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