CN110241416A - Laser melting coating quenches comprehensive process device and processing method - Google Patents
Laser melting coating quenches comprehensive process device and processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110241416A CN110241416A CN201910618254.2A CN201910618254A CN110241416A CN 110241416 A CN110241416 A CN 110241416A CN 201910618254 A CN201910618254 A CN 201910618254A CN 110241416 A CN110241416 A CN 110241416A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/06—Surface hardening
- C21D1/09—Surface hardening by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of laser melting coating quenching comprehensive process system, the driving end of the manipulator is equipped with laser processing component, the manipulator side is equipped with the workbench for placing workpiece, the workbench is equipped with the termal conductor module and driving termal conductor module cooling for the workpiece driving assembly mobile in workpiece surface, the laser processing component includes the rotating turret set on robot drives end, one end of the rotating turret is equipped with laser roughening head, the other end of the rotating turret is equipped with laser head, the side of the laser head is equipped with light-absorption layer spray pump, the light-absorption layer spray pump is used to spray the extinction powder for improving workpiece surface absorptance, the other side of the laser head is equipped with cooling water pump, the light-absorption layer spray pump and cooling water pump are set on rotating turret, the present invention, which provides one kind, to carry out multiple tracks processing to same workpiece, to same The laser melting coating of the control of the cooling and cooling time of different zones on one workpiece quenches comprehensive process system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of laser processing, and in particular to a kind of laser melting coating quenching comprehensive process device and processing side
Method.
Background technique
Currently, as industrial laser develops, laser quenching obtained with laser melting and coating technique it is so more and more extensive that apply,
Laser quenching is that the finished surface of workpiece is heated to transformation temperature or more using laser, as material itself cools down, material surface
The transformation temperature of martensite is quickly cooled to hereinafter, to make the quenching technology of material surface hardened, laser melting coating is in workpiece base
Layer surface place coating material through laser irradiation be allowed to matrix surface a thin layer simultaneously melt, and quickly solidify after formed dilute
It spends extremely low, with matrix at the surface covering of metallurgical bonding, significantly improves the wear-resisting, anti-corrosion, heat-resisting, anti-oxidant and electric of substrate surface
The process of gas characteristic, thus achieve the purpose that surface is modified or repairs, and the manufacturing cost of laser process equipment is high, it is existing
Laser machine has a single function, and can only carry out the single processing of laser melting coating or laser quenching, as fruit product needs laser to quench
Melt after fire covering, Yao Genghuan laser process equipment, thus need to clamp workpiece to be processed again, position, it is inconvenient, add
Work low efficiency, and workpiece is cooled down after laser quenching and cladding, is affected by air themperature, because workpiece exists
Different wall thickness, and workpiece is longer from cool time, cooling velocity is uneven and is difficult to ideal value, not can guarantee to work pieces process
Cooling effect afterwards needs to carry out workpiece regional cooling.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of laser melting coating quenching comprehensive process dress
It sets and processing method, to realize the processing and regional cooling controlling of the different processes on same station.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that a kind of laser melting coating quenching synthesis
Processing unit (plant), including manipulator, the driving end of the manipulator are equipped with laser processing component, and the manipulator side, which is equipped with, to be used
In the workbench for placing workpiece, the workbench is equipped with the termal conductor module and driving termal conductor module cooling for workpiece and exists
The mobile driving assembly of workpiece surface, the laser processing component include the rotating turret set on robot drives end, the rotation
One end of frame is equipped with laser roughening head, and the other end of the rotating turret is equipped with laser head, and the side of the laser head, which is equipped with, to be used for
The light-absorption layer spray pump of workpiece surface absorptance is improved, the other side of the laser head is equipped with cooling water pump, the light-absorption layer spray
It applies pump and cooling water pump is set on rotating turret.
The present invention has the advantages that laser head is arranged in rotating turret one end, workpiece surface laser melting coating and laser quenching are realized
Function；The setting of rotating turret other end laser roughening head, after rotating turret rotation, laser roughening head is towards work pieces process table
The function of laser roughening is realized in face；The setting of light-absorption layer spray pump sprays extinction powder to workpiece machining surface before quenching,
The absorptance for increasing workpiece machining surface, to improve quenching efficiency and reduce laser energy power consumption；Cooling water pump is set
It sets, after completing laser quenching and laser melting coating, cooling water pump work, to the workpiece surface spray cooling after quenching, with
Deeper Malpighian layer is obtained, while extinction powder itself has water imbibition, increases cooling effect；Termal conductor module further adds
The cooling velocity of fast workpiece and cooling time, driving assembly enables termal conductor module mobile in workpiece surface, so that work
The cooled region on part surface and cooling duration are controllable, and cooling to the better cooling effect of workpiece machining surface and more evenly
Area.
Further, the termal conductor module includes the cooling water channel contacted with workpiece surface, and the cooling water channel is passed by heat
The high metal tube of the property led is constituted, and by improving above, is contacted and is cooled down with workpiece using metal tube, metal tube itself have compared with
High heat conductivity, and water body flows in metal tube, guarantees uniform with the cooling of workpiece surface contact position.
Further, the driving component includes the X-axis manipulator being laterally set on workbench, and the driving component includes cross
To the X-axis manipulator being set on workbench, the X-axis manipulator is equipped with longitudinally disposed Y-axis manipulator, and the Y-axis is mechanical
It is equipped with vertically arranged Z axis manipulator on hand, the termal conductor module is set on the driving end of the Z axis manipulator, the heat
Conducting subassembly is against or far from workpiece surface under the movement of Y-axis manipulator, and by improving above, X-axis manipulator and Z axis are mechanical
The setting of hand, so that termal conductor module can be in workpiece surface transverse direction and vertically movable, the setting of Y-axis manipulator, so that heat transfer
Component can be realized with the moving contact of Y-axis manipulator and far from workpiece surface to workpiece surface cooled region and cooling duration
Control, while the film-cooled heat of workpiece surface is increased, when the wall unevenness of workpiece portion, when termal conductor module is moved to work
The thicker position of part wall thickness, Y-axis robot drives termal conductor module are contacted and are stopped with workpiece surface；When termal conductor module moves
The position relatively thin to workpiece wall thickness is moved, Y-axis robot drives termal conductor module is contacted with workpiece surface and quickly withdrawn, and makes work
Part surface can obtain uniform cooling velocity.
Further, the termal conductor module further includes the chill set on the driving end side of Z axis manipulator, the chill position
Below cooling water channel, the chill is bonded with the movement of Y-axis manipulator with workpiece surface, and by improving above, chill is set
It sets, accelerates the cooling velocity with the contact site of workpiece, and shorten the time cooling with the thin position of other wall thickness on workpiece
Difference.
Further, it is equipped with the through-hole being arranged side by side in the chill, is equipped in the through-hole and is connected to cooling water channel
Water pipe, by improving above, the water pipe in chill is connected to cooling water channel, and the water in cooling water channel is by heat transfer temperature
After rising, cooling in chill, formation water circulation is entered by water pipe.
Further, the manipulator is six axis robot, and by improving above, the response time of six axis robot is short, is moved
Make rapidly, speed is fast, and does not stop during operation, improves working efficiency.
Further, the laser processing component further includes the temperature detector set on cooling water pump side, the temperature inspection
Device is surveyed for controlling driving assembly and cooling water pump, when realizing the hot contact area passed between component and workpiece and contact
Long, by improving above, temperature detector detects the temperature of workpiece surface, with issue signal control cooling water pump water yield and
The movement of driving assembly, after workpiece surface reaches set temperature, temperature monitoring issues signal, and driving assembly drives heat transfer
Component stops water outlet, avoids cooling velocity is too fast from causing inside workpiece due to expanding with heat and contract with cold not far from workpiece surface, cooling water pump
It uniformly causes internal stress that workpiece is made to deform or crack, while preventing workpiece surface ponding, increase the reliability of device.
Further, the cooling water channel is S-type is arranged side by side on the driving end of Z axis manipulator, cold by improving above
But water route is S-type is arranged side by side, and increases the contact area of cooling water channel and workpiece, to improve the cooling effect to workpiece
Fruit.
The laser head specifically includes ontology, and described ontology one end is equipped with laser input, and the ontology other end is equipped with
Laser output, the ontology is interior to be equipped with collimation bronze mirror and focuses bronze mirror component, and laser is incident upon standard from the laser input
Straight bronze mirror reflexes to the reflection station of focusing bronze mirror component by collimating bronze mirror, finally by the reflection station of focusing bronze mirror component
It is projected after reflection by laser output, the focusing bronze mirror component includes melting to cover to focus bronze mirror, quenching focusing bronze mirror, bronze mirror peace
Fill axis, driving group, it is described melt to cover focus bronze mirror and quenching focuses bronze mirror and is mounted in bronze mirror installation axle, the driving group is for driving
Dynamic bronze mirror installation axle rotation switches to reflection station will melt to cover to focus bronze mirror or quench focusing bronze mirror respectively.
Laser is injected from laser input, is reflexed to reflection station by collimating bronze mirror, is reflected the focusing bronze mirror on station
Component include melt cover focus bronze mirror, quenching focus bronze mirror, by driving group driving will include melt cover focus bronze mirror or quenching focus copper
Mirror switches to reflection station, finally projects from laser output, can be carried out to workpiece to be processed by the same laser head
It quenches or melts and cover, be not necessarily to switching equipment, save equipment cost, while without to workpiece to be processed again clamping position, operation letter
It is single, improve processing efficiency.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, the driving group includes servo motor, drives gear, driven gear, described to watch
Take motor setting on the body, the driving gear is arranged in the shaft of servo motor, and the driven gear is arranged in bronze mirror
The end of installation axle, the driving gear and driven gear engage so that servo motor driving bronze mirror installation axle rotation, passes through institute
Improvement is stated, the rotation of sliding tooth wheel is driven by servo motor, driving gear band moves driven gear and bronze mirror installation axle is driven to carry out
It rotates, bronze mirror installation axle, which will melt to cover to focus bronze mirror or quench focusing bronze mirror by rotation, turns to reflection station.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, the driving gear and driven gear are helical gear, the servo motor
Axis and the axis of bronze mirror installation axle are vertically arranged, by the improvement, the axis of servo motor and the axis of bronze mirror installation axle
Vertically, so as to reduce the length of laser head, so that laser head is compact-sized.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, the ontology is equipped with rotating seat, and the bronze mirror installation axle is arranged in rotating seat
And be rotatably assorted with rotating seat, the side of the rotating seat is equipped with water inlet, be equipped in the rotating seat be connected to water inlet and
Around the water annulus of bronze mirror installation axle setting, bronze mirror installation axle periphery is equipped with the entrance being connected to water annulus, described
Cooling water channel is equipped with inside bronze mirror installation axle, the cooling water outflow that bronze mirror installation axle end is equipped in Cooling Water road goes out
The mouth of a river carries out temperature control to bronze mirror component is focused by water route by the improvement, so that focusing bronze mirror component can be
It works under normal working temperature, avoids temperature excessively high and bronze mirror is caused to damage, improve focusing bronze mirror component uses the longevity
Life, since rotating seat is fixed, the rotation of bronze mirror installation axle relative rotation seat provides water inlet on rotating seat, then passes through annular water
Road is by the entrance of water input bronze mirror installation axle, and water cools down bronze mirror installation axle by cooling water channel, finally from water outlet stream
Out, so that laser head can focus the operating temperature of bronze mirror group by water-cool control in use.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, bearing, the rotation are equipped between the both ends and bronze mirror installation axle of the rotating seat
Sealing ring is additionally provided between swivel base and bronze mirror installation axle, the sealing ring is located at the two sides of water annulus, passes through the improvement, axis
The frictional force mutually rotated for reducing bronze mirror installation axle and rotating seat is held, sealing ring is for avoiding water from bronze mirror installation axle and rotation
Gap exudation between swivel base.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, the laser output is equipped with air knife module, and the quenching focuses bronze mirror switching
To air knife module air inlet described when reflecting station to pass through the improvement, air knife module to workpiece to be processed progress laser quenching
Air inlet cooperation quenching focuses bronze mirror to carry out laser quenching to workpiece to be processed.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, air knife module lower part is equipped with feeding head, the feeding head side be equipped with into
Powder mouth, described melt cover the powder inlet for focusing feeding head when bronze mirror switches to reflection station into powder to carry out to workpiece to be processed
Laser, which melts, to be covered, and by the improvement, feeding head, which melts to cover into powder and cooperating, to be focused bronze mirror and melt and cover to carry out laser to workpiece to be processed.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, air knife module top is equipped with the guarantor for separating ontology and air knife module
Goggle, by the improvement, protective glass can enter ontology and dirty to avoid the powder of the gas either feeding head of air knife module
Dye focuses bronze mirror component and collimation bronze mirror.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, the laser output is equipped with position detection and swashs group, the position detection group packet
Rotary cylinder, connecting rod and position sensor are included, the connecting rod, which is arranged on rotary cylinder and is driven by rotary cylinder, to be rotated, described
Connecting rod includes fixing end, and the fixing end turns to the underface of laser output after being driven by rotary cylinder, and the position passes
Sensor be arranged in fixing end and when fixing end turns to the underface of laser output the position sensor detection axis
The axis collinear of line and laser output, by the improvement, before laser melts and covers or quench, to laser output with it is to be processed
The distance of workpiece surface carries out precise measurement, then is adjusted, since position sensor can turn to and laser output line
Axis collinear position, thus the position detection go out displacement be laser irradiation point and laser output accurate spacing, compared to
Position sensor and laser output line non-colinear are arranged, and distance measurement result is more accurate.
As a kind of improvement of laser head, temperature sensor, the temperature sensing are additionally provided in the fixing end of the connecting rod
Device with link rotatable to laser output axis side, the temperature sensor tilt and be aligned laser irradiation point setting,
By the improvement, workpiece surface temperature is measured by temperature inductor, feedback module controls laser light power, can be accurate
Processing temperature is controlled, keeps the effect of cladding or quenching more preferable.
A kind of processing method of laser melting coating quenching comprehensive process device:
A. workpiece is put on the table, be located and use clamp；
B. manipulator program is debugged, light-absorption layer spray pump waits for that surface sprays extinction powder to workpiece, increases extinction efficiency；
C. rotating turret rotates, and by laser head or laser roughening head towards workpiece surface, manipulator is advanced along setting path, complete
At laser melting coating or laser quenching or laser roughening；
D. cooling water pump is sprayed water, and temperature detector detection workpiece surface temperature simultaneously controls cooling water pump water yield；
E. cooling water channel starts, and Y-axis robot drives cooling water channel drives in chill insertion workpiece simultaneously against workpiece surface
With workpiece inner surface against by controlling control of the Y-axis manipulator realization to the cooling duration of workpiece surface；
F.X axis robot and Z axis robot drives cooling water channel are mobile in workpiece surface, can be to the difference of workpiece surface
Position is cooled down；
G. temperature detector detects workpiece surface temperature, controls Y-axis machinery hand-motion cooling water channel and chill far from workpiece
The control to workpiece cooled region and cooling duration is realized on surface；
Below h.X axis robot and Y-axis machinery hand-motion cooling water channel and chill to cooling water pump, while cooling water pump sprays
Water, to cooling water channel and chill cooling down.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is termal conductor module of the invention and driving assembly structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is laser processing component structure diagram of the invention.
Fig. 4 is the operation schematic diagram of termal conductor module of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of chill and cooling water channel of the invention.
Fig. 6 is the overall structure stereoscopic schematic diagram of laser head of the invention.
Fig. 7 is the overall structure diagrammatic cross-section of laser head of the invention.
Fig. 8 removes body construction stereoscopic schematic diagram for laser head of the invention.
Fig. 9 is the focusing bronze mirror modular construction diagrammatic cross-section of laser head of the invention.
Figure 10 is overall structure diagram when the position sensor of laser head of the invention is in initial position.
Figure 11 is overall structure diagram when the position sensor of laser head of the invention is in detection position.
Figure 12 is overall structure diagram when the temperature sensor of laser head of the invention is in detection position.
In figure: 1- manipulator, 2- rotating turret, 3- laser roughening head, 4- laser head, 4.1- ontology, 4.2- laser input,
4.3- laser output, 4.3.1- air knife module, 4.3.2- feeding head, 4.4- collimate bronze mirror, and 4.5- focuses bronze mirror component,
4.5.1- melt and cover focusing bronze mirror, 4.5.2- quenching focuses bronze mirror, 4.5.3- bronze mirror installation axle, 4.5.3.1- entrance, 4.5.3.2-
Cooling water channel, 4.5.3.3- water outlet, 4.5.4- driving group, 4.5.4.1- servo motor, 4.5.4.2- drive gear,
4.5.4.3- driven gear, 4.5.5- rotating seat, 4.5.5.1- water inlet, 4.5.5.2- water annulus, 4.5.6- bearing,
4.5.7- sealing ring, 4.6- protective glass, 4.7- rotary cylinder, 4.8- connecting rod, 4.9- position sensor, 4.10- temperature sensor,
5- light-absorption layer spray pump, 6- cooling water pump, 7- temperature detector, 3- workbench, 8.1- locating piece, 4- heat pass to component, 9.1-
Cooling water channel, 9.2- chill, 5- driving assembly, 10.1-X axis robot, 10.2-Y axis robot, 10.3-Z axis robot.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be appreciated that while there are term upper, middle and lower, transverse direction, longitudinal direction, vertical etc. herein to describe various members
Part, but these elements are not limited by these terms.These terms are only used to be distinguished from each other out element in order to understand, rather than
For defining any direction or limitation sequentially.
As shown in Figs. 1-5, a kind of laser melting coating quenches comprehensive process device, including manipulator 1 and manipulator control cabinet, machine
The driving end of tool hand 1 is equipped with laser processing component, and 1 side of manipulator is equipped with the workbench 8 for placing workpiece, workbench 8
It is equipped with the termal conductor module 4 and driving termal conductor module 4 cooling for the workpiece driving assembly 10 mobile in workpiece surface, is swashed
Light processing assembly includes the rotating turret 2 that end is driven set on manipulator 1, and rotating turret 2 is equipped with rotating part and mounting portion, rotating turret 2
One end of mounting portion be equipped with laser roughening head 3, the other end of the mounting portion of rotating turret 2 is equipped with laser head 4, laser head 4 and swashs
The connection of photocontrol cabinet, is rotated by the rotating part on rotating turret 2, and the process of Lai Jinhang laser roughening and laser melting coating quenching is cut
It changes, mounting plate is close to 4 one end of laser head, and two sides extend outwardly equipped with interconnecting piece, and the side of laser head 4 is equipped with for improving workpiece
The light-absorption layer spray pump 5 of surface absorptance, the other side of laser head 4 are equipped with cooling water pump 6, wherein light-absorption layer spray pump 5 and cold
But water pump 6 is separately mounted on the interconnecting piece of rotating turret 2.
Laser head 4 is arranged in 2 one end of rotating turret, realizes the function of workpiece surface laser melting coating and laser quenching；Rotating turret 2 is another
The setting of one end laser roughening head 3, after the rotation of rotating turret 2, laser roughening head 3 realizes laser capillary towards workpiece machining surface
The function of change；The setting of light-absorption layer spray pump 5 goes to workpiece machining surface to spray extinction powder, increases workpiece and add in quenching process
The absorptance on work surface, to improve quenching efficiency and reduce laser energy power consumption, the setting of cooling water pump 6 is completed
After laser quenching and laser melting coating, cooling water pump 6 works, and region spray cooling is finished to quenching, to obtain deeper martensite
Layer；Termal conductor module 4 has further speeded up cooling velocity and the cooling time of workpiece, and driving assembly 10 makes termal conductor module 4
Can be mobile in workpiece surface, so that the cooled region of workpiece surface and cooling duration are controllable, and reach to work pieces process table
The better cooling effect in face and film-cooled heat more evenly.
Specifically, termal conductor module 4 includes the cooling water channel 9.1 contacted with workpiece surface and is connected to cooling water channel 9.1
Cooling-water machine, cooling water channel 9.1 is made of the good metal tube of heat conductivity, this kind of metal tube is copper pipe, copper pipe itself have compared with
Good heat conductivity, and water body flows in copper pipe, guarantees uniform with the cooling of workpiece surface contact position.
Specifically, driving assembly 10 includes the X-axis manipulator 10.1 being laterally set on workbench 8, on X-axis manipulator 10.1
Equipped with longitudinally disposed Y-axis manipulator 10.2, Y-axis manipulator 10.2 is equipped with vertically arranged Z axis manipulator 10.3, Z axis machine
The driving end of tool hand 10.3 is equipped with the mounting blocks installed for termal conductor module 4, and mounting blocks are connected to simultaneously and cold with cooling water channel 9.1
Water dispenser connection, X-axis manipulator 10.1 drive termal conductor module 4 to move in the X-axis direction, and Y-axis manipulator 10.2 drives heat transfer
The fitting of component 4 or separate workpiece surface, Z axis manipulator 10.3 drive termal conductor module 4 to move in the Z-axis direction, so that heat passes
Guide assembly 4 can be cooled down in the different location of workpiece surface, increase the film-cooled heat of workpiece surface, when the wall of workpiece portion
Thickness ununiformity, when termal conductor module 4 is moved to the thicker position of workpiece wall thickness, Y-axis manipulator 10.2 drive termal conductor module 4 with
Workpiece surface is contacted and is stopped；When termal conductor module 4 is moved to the relatively thin position of workpiece wall thickness, Y-axis manipulator 10.2 is driven
Termal conductor module 4 is contacted with workpiece surface and is quickly withdrawn, and workpiece surface is enable to obtain uniform cooling velocity.
Specifically, termal conductor module 4 further includes the chill 9.2 set on the bottom of Z axis manipulator 10.3, the chill 9.2 tool
Body is copper billet, and the side of workpiece has the type chamber of indent, and copper billet is inserted into the type chamber of workpiece under the movement of Y-axis manipulator 10.2
It is interior and with the inner surface of type chamber against, accelerate the cooling velocity with the contact site of workpiece, and shorten it is on workpiece and other
The thin position of the wall thickness cooling time difference.
Specifically, be equipped with the through-hole that is arranged side by side in chill 9.2, be equipped with water pipe in through-hole, water pipe from chill 9.2 one
After end enters through-hole, the through-hole for entering the other side from the other end of chill 9.2 is stretched out and is connected to cooling-water machine, is constituted water route and is followed
Ring, after cooling water channel 9.1 contacts progress heat transfer with workpiece machining surface, the water temperature in copper pipe rises and passes through water pipe extremely
In chill 9.2, itself there is cooling effect during water body flow, and inside workpiece temperature is lower than the temperature of workpiece machining surface
Degree, so the water in water pipe is in 9.2 internal circulation flow of chill to obtain better cooling effect after chill 9.2 is inserted into workpiece.
Specifically, the manipulator 1 is six axis robot 1, the response time of six axis robot 1 is short, is swift in motion, speed
Fastly, and during operation it does not stop, improves working efficiency.
Specifically, laser processing component further includes the temperature detector 7 set on 6 side of cooling water pump, temperature detector 7 is pacified
On rotating turret 2, the temperature detection to workpiece surface different location can be reached, and issue signal by debugging manipulator 1
The movement for controlling the water yield and driving assembly 10 of cooling water pump 6, when temperature detector 7 detects that the temperature of workpiece surface is higher than
Predetermined temperature, cooling water pump 6 start to workpiece machining surface water spray, and driving assembly 10 drives cooling water channel 9.1 and chill
9.2 is cooling in the mobile progress heat transfer of workpiece surface；When temperature detector 7 detects that the temperature of workpiece surface closes on predetermined temperature
When, cooling water pump 6 stops water spray, and driving assembly 10 drives cooling water channel 9.1 and the movement of chill 9.2 and connects with workpiece surface disengaging
Touching, makes workpiece surface temperature drop to specified numerical value, avoids cooling velocity is too fast from causing inside workpiece uneven due to expanding with heat and contract with cold
It causes internal stress that workpiece is made to deform or crack, while preventing workpiece surface ponding.
Specifically, cooling water channel 9.1 is made of multiple groups copper pipe, the distance of center circle of every group of copper pipe is 10mm, diameter 5mm,
When being quenched, six axis robot 1 guides the every 5mm of laser head 4 switch light primary, realizes grid-like hardened face, and every group
Copper pipe is S-type to be arranged side by side on the driving end of Z axis manipulator 10.3, increases the contact area of cooling water channel 9.1 Yu workpiece,
To improve the cooling effect to workpiece.
As shown in figs 6-12, laser head 4 specifically includes ontology 4.1, and described 4.1 one end of ontology is equipped with laser input 4.2,
4.1 other end of ontology is equipped with laser output 4.3, and collimation bronze mirror 4.4 is equipped in the ontology 4.1 and focuses bronze mirror component
4.5, laser is incident upon collimation bronze mirror 4.4 from the laser input 4.2, reflexes to focusing bronze mirror group by collimating bronze mirror 4.4
The reflection station of part 4.5 is projected after finally being reflected by the reflection station of focusing bronze mirror component 4.5 by laser output 4.3, institute
Stating and focusing bronze mirror component 4.5 includes melting to cover to focus bronze mirror 5.1, quenching focusing bronze mirror 4.5.2, bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3, driving group
4.5.4, it is described melt cover focus bronze mirror 5.1 and quenching focus bronze mirror 4.5.2 be mounted on bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3, the driving
Group 4.5.4, which will melt to cover to focus bronze mirror 5.1 or quench for driving bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 rotation, focuses bronze mirror 4.5.2 difference
Switch to reflection station.
Herein, it reflects station and is not located on the center line of bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3, but for positioned at the left side of center line
Or right side corresponds to collimation bronze mirror 4.4 and the face parallel with collimation bronze mirror 4.4, in bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 rotation, melts and covers focusing
Bronze mirror 5.1 or quenching focus bronze mirror 4.5.2 and turn to reflection station will collimate the laser reflection of bronze mirror 4.4 to laser output
4.3。
Wherein, the driving group 4.5.4 includes servo motor 4.5.4.1, driving gear 4.5.4.2, driven gear
4.5.4.3, the servo motor 4.5.4.1 is arranged on ontology 4.1, and the driving gear 4.5.4.2 is arranged in servo motor
4.5.4.1 in shaft, the end of bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3, the driving gear is arranged in the driven gear 4.5.4.3
4.5.4.2 it is engaged with driven gear 4.5.4.3 so that servo motor 4.5.4.1 driving bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 rotation.
Wherein, the driving gear 4.5.4.2 and driven gear 4.5.4.3 is helical gear, the servo motor
4.5.4.1 the axis of axis and bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 is vertically arranged.
Wherein, the ontology 4.1 is equipped with rotating seat 4.5.5, and the bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 is arranged in rotating seat
4.5.5 it is rotatably assorted in and with rotating seat 4.5.5, the side of the rotating seat 4.5.5 is equipped with water inlet 4.5.5.1, the rotation
The water annulus 4.5.5.2 for being connected to and surrounding bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 setting with water inlet 4.5.5.1 is equipped in swivel base 4.5.5,
The periphery bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 is equipped with the entrance 4.5.3.1 being connected to water annulus 4.5.5.2, the bronze mirror installation axle
4.5.3 internal to be equipped with cooling water channel 4.5.3.2, the end bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 is equipped in Cooling Water road 4.5.3.2
The water outlet 4.5.3.3 of cooling water outflow.
Wherein, cooling water channel 4.5.3.2 is to be arranged in bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3, is connected to water inlet 4.5.5.1 and water outlet
The water route of mouthful 4.5.3.3, bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3 include with the rotating part of rotating seat 4.5.5 cooperation and for it is fixed melt cover it is poly-
Burnt bronze mirror 5.1 and quenching focus the fixed part of bronze mirror 4.5.2, and cooling water channel 4.5.3.2 was not only arranged in rotating part, but also setting exists
In fixed part, with closer to melt cover focus bronze mirror 5.1 and quenching focus bronze mirror 4.5.2, be conducive to temperature control.
Wherein, bearing 4.5.6, the rotation are equipped between the both ends of the rotating seat 4.5.5 and bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3
It is additionally provided with sealing ring 4.5.7 between seat 4.5.5 and bronze mirror installation axle 4.5.3, the sealing ring 4.5.7 is located at water annulus
4.5.5.2 two sides.
Wherein, the laser output 4.3 is equipped with air knife module 4.3.1, and the quenching focuses bronze mirror 4.5.2 and switches to instead
The air knife module 4.3.1 air inlet is penetrated when station to carry out laser quenching to workpiece to be processed.
Wherein, the lower part air knife module 4.3.1 is equipped with feeding head 4.3.2, and the side the feeding head 4.3.2 is equipped with into powder
Mouthful, described melt covers the powder inlet for focusing feeding head 4.3.2 when bronze mirror 5.1 switches to reflection station into powder to work to be processed
Part progress laser, which melts, to be covered.
Wherein, the top air knife module 4.3.1 is equipped with the protection for separating ontology 4.1 and air knife module 4.3.1
Mirror 4.6, protective glass include mirror holder and eyeglass, and eyeglass is used for for laser light and with mirror holder cooperation by laser output 4.3 and originally
Body 4.1 separates.
Wherein, the laser output 4.3 is equipped with rotary cylinder 4.7, connecting rod 4.8 and position sensor 4.9, the connecting rod
4.8 are arranged on rotary cylinder 4.7 and drive rotation by rotary cylinder 4.7, and the connecting rod 4.8 includes fixing end, the fixation
End turns to the underface of laser output after being driven by rotary cylinder 4.7, the position sensor 4.9 is arranged in fixing end
And the detection axis of the position sensor 4.9 and laser export when fixing end turns to the underface of laser output 4.3
The axis collinear at end 4.3,
Melt the effect for covering thickness and quenching since the spacing between laser output 4.3 and workpiece to be processed will affect,
Therefore need accurately to measure the spacing before processing, and incline since workpiece to be processed surface has uneven either installation
Tiltedly, if the detection line of position sensor 4.9 is not conllinear with the axis of laser output 4.3, it will lead to testing result and there is mistake
Difference influences processing effect, therefore by setting rotary cylinder 4.7, connecting rod 4.8, position sensor 4.9 is turned into laser output
4.3 underface is detected, and when laser is processed, and drives pivot link 4.8 so that position by rotary cylinder 4.7
Set the axis misalignment of sensor 4.9 Yu laser output 4.3.
Wherein, temperature sensor 4.10 is additionally provided in the fixing end of the connecting rod 4.8, the temperature sensor 4.10 is with even
Bar 4.8 turns to the axis side of laser output 4.3, and the temperature sensor 4.10 tilts and is directed at the point of laser irradiation and sets
It sets, position sensor 4.9 turns to side with connecting rod 4.8 and do not generate interference with the laser of injection at this time.
A kind of processing method of laser melting coating quenching comprehensive process device:
A. workpiece is placed on workbench 8, is located and uses clamp；
B. 1 program of manipulator is debugged, after 1 program debugging of manipulator, manipulator 1 drives light-absorption layer spray pump 5 to work
Part waits for that surface sprays extinction powder, increases extinction efficiency；
C. rotating turret 2 rotates, and by laser head 4 or laser roughening head 3 towards workpiece surface, manipulator 1 is on the surface of the workpiece
It advances along setting path, completes laser melting coating or laser quenching or laser roughening, wherein when quenching process, the every 5mm of laser head 4
It is primary to switch light, realizes raster-like quenching；
D. after laser machining, cooling water pump 6 is cooled down to workpiece machining surface water spray, while temperature detection
Device 7 detects workpiece surface temperature and controls 6 water yield of cooling water pump；
E. cooling water channel 9.1 starts, copper pipe water flowing, and Y-axis manipulator 10.2 drives cooling water channel 9.1 against workpiece surface,
Chill 9.2 is driven to be inserted into workpiece, with inside workpiece surface against progress heat transfer is cooling；
F.X axis robot 10.1 and Z axis manipulator 10.3 drive cooling water channel 9.1 mobile in workpiece surface, guarantee workpiece
Surface is cooling uniform；
G. temperature detector 7 detects workpiece surface temperature, and after reaching ideal temperature, Y-axis manipulator 10.2 drives cooling water
Road 9.1 is far from workpiece surface；
H.X axis robot 10.1 and Y-axis manipulator 10.2 drive under cooling water channel 9.1 and chill 9.2 to cooling water pump 6
Side, while cooling water pump 6 is sprayed water, and to 9.2 cooling down of cooling water channel 9.1 and chill, prepares the cooling of next workpiece.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can according to need the modification that not creative contribution is made to the present embodiment after reading this specification, but as long as at this
All by the protection of Patent Law in the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of laser melting coating quenches comprehensive process device, including manipulator (1), it is characterised in that: the drive of the manipulator (1)
Moved end is equipped with laser processing component, and manipulator (1) side is equipped with the workbench (8) for placing workpiece, the work
Platform (8) is equipped with the termal conductor module (4) and driving termal conductor module (4) cooling for the workpiece driving mobile in workpiece surface
Component (10), it is described laser processing component include set on manipulator (1) drive end rotating turret (2), the one of the rotating turret (2)
End is equipped with laser roughening head (3), and the other end of the rotating turret (2) is equipped with laser head (4), and the side of the laser head (4) is set
Have light-absorption layer spray pump (5), the light-absorption layer spray pump (5) is used to spray the extinction powder for improving workpiece surface absorptance, described
The other side of laser head (4) is equipped with cooling water pump (6), and the light-absorption layer spray pump (5) and cooling water pump (6) are set to rotating turret
(2) on.
2. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 1 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the heat transfer group
Part (9) includes the cooling water channel (9.1) contacted with workpiece surface, the cooling water channel (9.1) metal tube high by heat conductivity
It constitutes.
3. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 1 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the driving component
It (10) include the X-axis manipulator (10.1) being laterally set on workbench (8), the X-axis manipulator (10.1) is equipped with longitudinal set
The Y-axis manipulator (10.2) set, the Y-axis manipulator (10.2) are equipped with vertically arranged Z axis manipulator (10.3), the heat
Conducting subassembly (9) is set on the driving end of the Z axis manipulator (10.3), and the termal conductor module (9) is with Y-axis manipulator
(10.2) mobile fitting or separate workpiece surface.
4. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 2 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the cooling water channel
(9.1) S-type on the driving end of Z axis manipulator (10.3) to be arranged side by side.
5. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 1 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the heat transfer group
Part (4) further includes the chill (9.2) set on the driving end of Z axis manipulator (10.3), and the chill (9.2) is located at cooling water channel
(9.1) lower section, the chill (9.2) are bonded with the movement of Y-axis manipulator (10.2) with workpiece surface.
6. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 1 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the laser processing
Component further includes the temperature detector (7) set on cooling water pump (6) side, and the temperature detector (7) is for controlling driving group
Part (10) is mobile, to control the contact area and contact duration between termal conductor module (9) and workpiece.
7. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 1 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the laser head
It (4) include ontology (4.1), described ontology (4.1) one end is equipped with laser input (4.2), and ontology (4.1) other end is equipped with
Laser output (4.3), is equipped with collimation bronze mirror (4.4) and focusing bronze mirror component (4.5) in the ontology (4.1), and laser is from institute
Laser input (4.2) is stated to be incident upon collimation bronze mirror (4.4), reflex to focusing bronze mirror component (4.5) by collimating bronze mirror (4.4)
Reflection station, finally by focusing bronze mirror component (4.5) reflection station reflection after by laser output (4.3) project,
Be characterized in that: the focusing bronze mirror component (4.5) includes melting to cover to focus bronze mirror (5.1), quenching focusing bronze mirror (4.5.2), bronze mirror
Installation axle (4.5.3), driving group (4.5.4), it is described melt cover focus bronze mirror (5.1) and quenching focusing bronze mirror (4.5.2) be mounted on
In bronze mirror installation axle (4.5.3), the driving group (4.5.4) for drive bronze mirror installation axle (4.5.3) rotation with will melt cover it is poly-
Burnt bronze mirror (5.1) or quenching focus bronze mirror (4.5.2) and switch to reflection station respectively.
8. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 7 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the driving group
(4.5.4) includes servo motor (4.5.4.1), driving gear (4.5.4.2), driven gear (4.5.4.3), the servo motor
(4.5.4.1) is arranged on ontology (4.1), shaft of driving gear (4.5.4.2) setting in servo motor (4.5.4.1)
On, the driven gear (4.5.4.3) setting in the end of bronze mirror installation axle (4.5.3), the driving gear (4.5.4.2) and
Driven gear (4.5.4.3) engages so that servo motor (4.5.4.1) driving bronze mirror installation axle (4.5.3) rotation.
9. a kind of laser melting coating according to claim 7 quenches comprehensive process device, it is characterised in that: the ontology
(4.1) it is equipped with rotating seat (4.5.5), the bronze mirror installation axle (4.5.3) is arranged in rotating seat (4.5.5) and and rotating seat
(4.5.5) is rotatably assorted, and the side of the rotating seat (4.5.5) is equipped with water inlet (4.5.5.1), the rotating seat (4.5.5)
Interior be equipped with is connected to and around the water annulus (4.5.5.2) of bronze mirror installation axle (4.5.3) setting, institute with water inlet (4.5.5.1)
It states the bronze mirror installation axle periphery (4.5.3) and is equipped with the entrance (4.5.3.1) being connected to water annulus (4.5.5.2), the bronze mirror peace
It fills and is equipped with cooling water channel (4.5.3.2) inside axis (4.5.3), the bronze mirror installation axle end (4.5.3) is equipped with Cooling Water road
The water outlet (4.5.3.3) of cooling water outflow in (4.5.3.2).
10. a kind of processing method of laser melting coating quenching comprehensive process device, feature described in -9 exist according to claim 1
In: the following steps are included:
A. workpiece is placed on workbench (8), is located and uses clamp；
B. manipulator (1) program is debugged, light-absorption layer spray pump (5) waits for that surface sprays extinction powder to workpiece；
C. rotating turret (2) rotates, and by laser head (4) or laser roughening head (3) towards workpiece surface, manipulator (1) is along setting road
Line is advanced, and laser melting coating or laser quenching or laser roughening are completed；
D. cooling water pump (6) is sprayed water, and temperature detector (7) detects workpiece surface temperature and controls cooling water pump (6) water yield；
E. cooling water channel (6) starts, and Y-axis manipulator (10.2) drives cooling water channel (6) to be close to workpiece surface, drives chill
(9.2) it is inserted into workpiece；
F.X axis robot (10.1) and Z axis manipulator (10.3) driving cooling water channel (6) are mobile in workpiece surface；
G. temperature detector (7) detects workpiece surface temperature, and control Y-axis manipulator (10.2) drives cooling water channel (9.1) and cold
Iron (9.2) is far from workpiece surface；
H.X axis robot (10.1) and Y-axis manipulator (10.2) drive cooling water channel (9.1) and chill (9.2) to cooling water pump
(6) lower section, cooling water pump (6) water spray, to cooling water channel (9.1) and chill (9.2) cooling down.
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