CN110241336A - 一种镁铝合金及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种镁铝合金及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN110241336A
CN110241336A CN201910666294.4A CN201910666294A CN110241336A CN 110241336 A CN110241336 A CN 110241336A CN 201910666294 A CN201910666294 A CN 201910666294A CN 110241336 A CN110241336 A CN 110241336A
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magnesium alloy
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姚杰
王春涛
周云海
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NINGBO HELI MOULD TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
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Abstract

本发明提供的一种镁铝合金及其制备方法，其包括步骤：一种镁铝合金的制备方法，包括步骤：S100将粉末填料均匀混合装入蒸发容器内，其填料成分为镁粉，铝粉，锰粉，铁粉，铬粉和硅粉；S200通过真空蒸镀法，加热蒸发容器内的混合物，在高真空高温条件下混合后的填料蒸发，进而在衬底表面进行沉积；S300将所获得的镁铝合金样品进行退火，冷却。从而通过合金成分控制，合金熔体净化、合金变质及晶粒组织细化，获得的镁铝合金各项同性，合金力学性能更加优异。

Description

一种镁铝合金及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及合金领域，具体地说，是一种镁铝合金及其制备方法。
背景技术
镁铝合金一般主要元素是镁和铝，再掺入其他的金属材料来加强其硬度。因本身金属金属，其导热性能和强度尤为突出。镁铝合金质坚量轻、密度低、散热性较好、抗压性较强，能充分满足3C产品高度集成化、轻薄化、微型化、抗摔撞及电磁屏蔽和散热的要求。其硬度是传统塑料机壳的数倍，但重量仅为后者的1/3,通常被用于中高档超薄型或尺寸较小的笔记本的外壳。而且，银白色的镁铝合金外壳可使产品更豪华、美观，而且易于上色，可通过表面处理工艺变成个性化的粉蓝色和粉红色，为笔记本电脑增色不少，这是工程塑料以及碳纤维无法比拟的。但是镁铝合金并不是很坚固耐磨，成本较高，比较昂贵，而且成型比工程塑料困难，所以笔记本电脑一般只把镁铝合金使用在顶盖上，很少有机型用镁铝合金来制造整个机壳。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种镁铝合金及其制备方法，其通过合金成分控制，合金熔体净化、合金变质及晶粒组织细化，获得的镁铝合金各项同性，合金力学性能更加优异。
为达到以上目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种镁铝合金包括以下质量百分比的组分：镁45～50％，铝48～53％，锰0.1～1％，铁0.2～0.5％，铬0.1～0.2％，余料为硅。
根据本发明的一实施例，一种镁铝合金包括以下质量百分比的组分：镁47％，铝51.8％，锰0.55％，铁0.32％，铬0.13％，余料为硅。
一种镁铝合金的制备方法，包括步骤：
S100将粉末填料均匀混合装入蒸发容器内，其填料成分为镁粉，铝粉，锰粉，铁粉，铬粉和硅粉；
S200通过真空蒸镀法，加热蒸发容器内的混合物，在高真空高温条件下混合后的填料蒸发，进而在衬底表面进行沉积；
S300将所获得的镁铝合金样品进行退火，冷却。
根据本发明的一实施例，所述步骤S100包括步骤：粉末填料中的各粉料的纯度不低于99.99％，粉料用行星球磨机以500～650rpm的速率研磨1～3小时。
根据本发明的一实施例，所述步骤S200包括步骤：所用的真空蒸镀设备的真空度为10-3Pa以下，加热蒸发方式为电子束加热，蒸镀时间2～4小时，蒸镀保护气体为高纯氩气，其纯度不低于99.99％。
根据本发明的一实施例，所述步骤300的退火工艺包括步骤：管式炉以10℃/min的升温速度升温至300℃，继续以5～6℃/min的升温速度升温至800℃，在氩气气氛下保温1小时，退火，冷却。
根据本发明的一实施例，所用的真空蒸镀设备的真空度为10-5Pa。
根据本发明的一实施例，退火温度在320～350℃。
本发明的有益之处在于：
(1)利用行星球磨机将原料粉末充分的混合均匀，通过真空蒸镀将混匀的填料粉末蒸镀于衬底上沉积，形成单相均匀合金，各原料金属原子间以金属键连接，对加工得到的合金样品进一步退火处理，可使其内部金属原子扩散更加均匀；本方法通过合金成分控制，合金熔体净化、合金变质及晶粒组织细化，获得的镁铝合金各项同性，合金力学性能更加优异。
(2)镁合金密度小，弹性模量高，但绝对强度普遍较低，无法经受高强度的物理损伤，铝合金强度大，塑性好，所以以两者为基础制成铝镁合金硬度和强度大、密度低、散热性和抗压性好等优点，能够满足3C产品(计算机、通信和消费类电子产品)高度集成化、轻薄化等要求，应用范围广泛。
(3)本制备方法所采用的真空蒸镀所需真空度高，需达到10-5Pa，能够有效减少杂质的掺入；同时采用离子束加热，温度高能量大，各原料金属原子间以金属键连接，更有助于形成单相均匀合金；
(4)退火温度在320～350℃，能够使镁铝合金再结晶，晶粒细化增大强度，同时使其内部金属原子扩散更加均匀。
(5)Mn是良好的脱氧剂和脱硫剂，其能够有效提升强度和硬度；Cr能提高强度和耐磨性；Si是脱氧剂和还原剂，其与Mn、Cr等结合能够有效增强抗腐蚀性和抗氧化性；各个合金元素在合金中弥散分布，能够使晶粒细化；真空蒸镀必须保证高的真空度，否则杂元素过多会影响合金性能，因为加入的元素提升了强度和硬度，不可避免的损失了塑性，所以需要进行退火，消除残余应力，细化晶粒调整组织，消除组织缺陷。
具体实施方式
以下描述用于揭露本发明以使本领域技术人员能够实现本发明。以下描述中的优选实施例只作为举例，本领域技术人员可以想到其他显而易见的变型。
实施例1
一种镁铝合金的制备方法，包括步骤：
(1)粉末填料中各组分的质量百分比为：镁粉47％，铝粉51.8％，锰粉0.55％，铁粉0.32％，铬粉0.13％，余料为硅粉；各粉料的纯度不低于99.99％，粉料用行星球磨机以500-650rpm的速率研磨1～3小时，达到细化混合的目的。
(2)通过真空蒸镀法，加热蒸发容器内的混合物，在高真空高温条件下混合后的填料蒸发，进而在衬底表面进行沉积，其中，所用的真空蒸镀设备的真空度需要达到10-5Pa，加热蒸发方式为电子束加热，蒸镀时间2～4小时，蒸镀保护气体为高纯氩气，其纯度不低于99.99％。
(3)退火工艺，管式炉以10℃/min的升温速度升温至300℃，继续以5～6℃/min的升温速度升温至800℃，在氩气气氛下保温1小时，退火，退火温度在320～350℃，冷却。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和本发明的优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，本发明不受上述实施例的限制，上述实施例和说明书中描述的只是本发明的原理，在不脱离本发明精神和范围的前提下本发明还会有各种变化和改进，这些变化和改进都落入要求保护的本发明的范围内。本发明要求的保护范围由所附的权利要求书及其等同物界定。

Claims (8)

1.一种镁铝合金，其特征在于，包括以下质量百分比的组分：镁45～50％，铝48～53％，锰0.1～1％，铁0.2～0.5％，铬0.1～0.2％，余料为硅。
2.根据权利要求1所述的镁铝合金，其特征在于，包括以下质量百分比的组分：镁47％，铝51.8％，锰0.55％，铁0.32％，铬0.13％，余料为硅。
3.一种如权利要求1或2所述的镁铝合金的制备方法，其特征在于，包括步骤：
S100 将粉末填料均匀混合装入蒸发容器内，其填料成分为镁粉，铝粉，锰粉，铁粉，铬粉和硅粉；
S200 通过真空蒸镀法，加热蒸发容器内的混合物，在高真空高温条件下混合后的填料蒸发，进而在衬底表面进行沉积；
S300 将所获得的镁铝合金样品进行退火，冷却。
4.根据权利要求3所述的镁铝合金的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S100包括步骤：粉末填料中的各粉料的纯度不低于99.99％，粉料用行星球磨机以500～650rpm的速率研磨1～3小时。
5.根据权利要求4所述的镁铝合金的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤S200包括步骤：所用的真空蒸镀设备的真空度为10-3Pa以下，加热蒸发方式为电子束加热，蒸镀时间2～4小时，蒸镀保护气体为高纯氩气，其纯度不低于99.99％。
6.根据权利要求5所述的镁铝合金的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤300的退火工艺包括步骤：管式炉以10℃/min的升温速度升温至300℃，继续以5～6℃/min的升温速度升温至800℃，在氩气气氛下保温1小时，退火，冷却。
7.根据权利要求6所述的镁铝合金的制备方法，其特征在于，所用的真空蒸镀设备的真空度为10-5Pa。
8.根据权利要求7所述的镁铝合金的制备方法，其特征在于，退火温度在320～350℃。
CN201910666294.4A 2019-07-23 2019-07-23 一种镁铝合金及其制备方法 Pending CN110241336A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112795824A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-05-14 昆山智盛精密铸造有限公司 一种镁铝合金材料及其制备工艺

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54106067A (en) * 1978-02-08 1979-08-20 Showa Denko Kk Manufacture of powder of mg-al system alloy depending on natural decay
CN103540819A (zh) * 2013-09-27 2014-01-29 孟静 一种镁铝合金
CN103572134A (zh) * 2013-11-05 2014-02-12 吴高峰 一种锰镁铝合金
CN104884666A (zh) * 2012-12-26 2015-09-02 Posco公司 铝镁镀层钢板及其制造方法
CN106435230A (zh) * 2016-08-27 2017-02-22 安徽省宁国市海伟电子有限公司 一种金属化薄膜制作方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS54106067A (en) * 1978-02-08 1979-08-20 Showa Denko Kk Manufacture of powder of mg-al system alloy depending on natural decay
CN104884666A (zh) * 2012-12-26 2015-09-02 Posco公司 铝镁镀层钢板及其制造方法
CN103540819A (zh) * 2013-09-27 2014-01-29 孟静 一种镁铝合金
CN103572134A (zh) * 2013-11-05 2014-02-12 吴高峰 一种锰镁铝合金
CN106435230A (zh) * 2016-08-27 2017-02-22 安徽省宁国市海伟电子有限公司 一种金属化薄膜制作方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112795824A (zh) * 2020-12-24 2021-05-14 昆山智盛精密铸造有限公司 一种镁铝合金材料及其制备工艺

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