CN110240501A - The biological dewatered method of organic waste - Google Patents
The biological dewatered method of organic waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN110240501A CN110240501A CN201910592231.9A CN201910592231A CN110240501A CN 110240501 A CN110240501 A CN 110240501A CN 201910592231 A CN201910592231 A CN 201910592231A CN 110240501 A CN110240501 A CN 110240501A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F11/00—Other organic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of biological dewatered methods of organic waste, comprising the following steps: S1, provides organic waste to be processed, stands filtering after organic waste to be processed is extracted dehydration；S2, by treated in S1, organic waste carries out reactor compost treatment: S21, by treated in S1, organic waste is placed in reactor desiccation storehouse, and dehydrate is added and carries out reactor drying and other treatment；S22, by treated in S21, organic waste is placed in reactor fermentation cabin, and microbial inoculum is added and carries out reactor fermentation process；S3, by treated in S22, organic waste carries out a pile compost, obtains desiccation organic waste, and the moisture content of desiccation organic waste is lower than 30%.The biological dewatered method of the organic waste combines reactor compost with a pile compost, " reactor compost+pile compost " new model is formed to handle organic waste, solves the problems such as current organic waste water content of matter is high, slows down aerobic compost process, and aerobic reactor compost treatment amount is small.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biological dewatered methods of organic waste.
Background technique
Organic waste water content of matter is high, handles not in time, is easy smelly, influences surrounding resident normal life.Rubbish from cooking
The heat energy utilization that will be greatly reduced burning is burned with domestic garbage mixing, while lipid material therein is made in the catalysis of heavy metal
With lower generation dioxin；And landfill disposal can then generate a large amount of biogas and percolate, cause secondary pollution to environment, and aerobic heap
The innoxious and minimizing of rubbish from cooking had not only may be implemented in fertilizer technology, but also can produce soil safe and stable, full of nutrition
Modifying agent.Aerobic reactor compost rate is fast, good airproof performance, free from extraneous odour, is suitable for placement in residential block, but treating capacity is small；Item
Chop compost, treating capacity is big, rate is slow, outdoor compost, peculiar smell are big, is not suitable for carrying out a pile compost in residential neighborhood.
Currently, organic waste treatment remains very big challenge, mainly include the following aspects:
(1) yield is huge.China is currently the maximum country of agricultural wastes yield in the world.2016, China
It amounts to and generates about 2,000,000,000 t (dry weight) of organic solid castoff, about 5,440,000 t of the daily output.By taking Jiangsu as an example, total is generated within 2015
4409.2 ten thousand t of stalk, ten thousand t of feces of livestock and poultry 795.5 (dry weight).A large amount of organic waste is generated to be improved to environmental improvement and ecology
Bring huge pressure.
(2) handling rate is low.By taking stalk and feces of livestock and poultry as an example, the current effective rate of utilization of stalk is 52.7%, feces of livestock and poultry
Effective rate of utilization is only 30.1%.Clay fertilizer department statistics indicate that, the whole nation about 3000 Organic Fertilizer Plants actual treatments at present
Excrement amount only 100,000,000 t or so.According to related finding, the straw directly returning to field utilization rate of Jiangsu Province is 30% or so, 25%
~35% stalk is burned in the edge of a field or arbitrarily abandoned when village is in, river by peasant, causes more serious atmosphere and water
Body is dirty.In addition, the dustbin of Along North Jiangsu rural area and the coverage rate of rubbish turnover station be less than 50%, most of house refuse
The semicircle uncovered for being stacked at cement production is simply stacked a little, is only relied on burning and is handled house refuse.
(3) innoxious degree is low.China at present a large amount of organic waste still mainly by opposite backward technology and
Equipment is handled, and leading to that treated, the innoxious degree of product is lower.Such as in terms of poultry excrement and urine disposal, at present using biography
The ratio of system stack retting technical treatment feces of livestock and poultry cannot achieve the harmless treatment to feces of livestock and poultry still 40% or so.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of biological dewatered methods of organic waste, utilize reactor compost+pile
The technique of compost solves current organic waste water content of matter height, slows down aerobic compost process, aerobic reactor compost treatment
Measure the problems such as small.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of biological dewatered method of organic waste, packet
Include following steps:
S1, organic waste to be processed is provided, stands filtering after the organic waste to be processed is extracted dehydration；
S2, by treated in S1, organic waste carries out reactor compost treatment:
S21, by treated in S1, organic waste is placed in reactor desiccation storehouse, and it is dry that dehydrate progress reactor is added
Change processing；
S22, by treated in S21, organic waste is placed in reactor fermentation cabin, and microbial inoculum is added and carries out reactor hair
Ferment processing；
S3, by treated in S22, organic waste carries out a pile compost, obtains desiccation organic waste, the desiccation
The moisture content of organic waste is lower than 30%.
Further, in step S1, the moisture content of the organic waste to be processed is 80-84%, will be described to be processed
Organic waste is placed in oil water separator and carries out after extracting dehydration, and the moisture content of organic waste is 75-77%.
Further, in step S1, the standing filter process is specifically included: dewatered organic waste will be extracted,
It is put into the dustbin equipped with filter screen, staticly settles 12h, open dustbin bottom tap, percolate is released, is had at this time
The moisture content of machine waste is 70-74%.
Further, in step S21, the dehydrate includes sawdust and organic waste feed back, the reactor desiccation
In storehouse, the mass ratio of dehydrate and organic waste is 1:10-1:5.
Further, in the dehydrate, the mass ratio of sawdust and organic waste feed back is 3:2.
Further, the moisture content of the waste of organic matter after the reactor drying and other treatment is 53-57%；It is described
Reactor drying and other treatment specifically includes: organic waste filtered in S1 being placed in reactor desiccation storehouse, organic waste is added
15% sawdust of gurry quality and 10% organic waste feed back of organic waste amount of substance；Machine parameter is set: heating
150 DEG C of plate；15min is rotated forward, 15min is inverted, stops 30min, circular treatment is for 24 hours；Control pumping silicon carbide is 50~55 DEG C: object
Material rises to 55 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 50 DEG C and just stops.
Further, in step S22, the microbial inoculum is VT1000 microbial inoculum.
Further, the moisture content of the waste of organic matter after the reactor fermentation process is 45-52%；It is described
Reactor fermentation process specifically includes: by the organic waste after reactor drying and other treatment, launches and arrives reactor fermentation cabin, according to
2 ‰ ratio of organic waste amount of substance adds VT1000 microbial inoculum；Machine parameter is arranged: control pumping silicon carbide is 55~60
DEG C: material rises to 60 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 55 DEG C and just stops.
Further, in step S3, the processing time of described pile compost is 8-16d.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are the biological dewatered methods of organic waste of the invention
Reactor compost is combined with a pile compost, " reactor compost+pile compost " new model is formed and handles organic waste,
The advantage for sealing free from extraneous odour and both big compost methods of pile compost treatment amount to compost using reactor, first at reactor
Organic waste is managed, makes its moisture content rapid decrease, then will be after reactor for treatment and the object of free from extraneous odour is transported to dung yard and carries out
Bar pile compost, and then large scale processing organic waste.Therefore the biological dewatered method of the machine waste solves current organic waste
The problems such as gurry moisture content is high, slows down aerobic compost process, and aerobic reactor compost treatment amount is small.
The above description is only an overview of the technical scheme of the present invention, in order to better understand the technical means of the present invention,
And can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process step figure of the biological dewatered method of organic waste of the invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not intended to limit the scope of the invention for illustrating the present invention.
It should be understood that the terms such as "upper" of the invention, "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outside" only refer to attached drawing
The present invention will be described, not as restriction term.
Referring to Figure 1, the biological dewatered method of organic waste of the invention, comprising the following steps:
S1, organic waste to be processed is provided, stands filtering after the organic waste to be processed is extracted dehydration；
S2, by treated in S1, organic waste carries out reactor compost treatment:
S21, by treated in S1, organic waste is placed in reactor desiccation storehouse, and it is dry that dehydrate progress reactor is added
Change processing；
S22, by treated in S21, organic waste is placed in reactor fermentation cabin, and microbial inoculum is added and carries out reactor hair
Ferment processing；
S3, by treated in S22, organic waste carries out a pile compost, obtains desiccation organic waste, the desiccation
The moisture content of organic waste is lower than 30%.
Specifically, in step S1, the moisture content of the organic waste to be processed is 80-84%, to be processed is had described
Machine waste is placed in oil water separator and carries out after extracting dehydration, and the moisture content of organic waste is 75-77%.The standing filtering
Process specifically includes: will extract dewatered organic waste, and be put into the dustbin equipped with filter screen, staticly settle 12h, beat
Dustbin bottom tap is opened, percolate is released, the moisture content of organic waste is 70-74% at this time.
In step S21, the dehydrate includes sawdust and organic waste feed back, in reactor desiccation storehouse, dehydration
The mass ratio of object and organic waste is 1:10-1:5；In the dehydrate, the mass ratio of sawdust and organic waste feed back is
3:2.The moisture content of waste of organic matter after the reactor drying and other treatment is 53-57%；At the reactor desiccation
Reason specifically includes: organic waste filtered in S1 being placed in reactor desiccation storehouse, organic waste material amount is added
15% sawdust；Setting machine parameter: 150 DEG C of heating plate；15min is rotated forward, 15min is inverted, stops 30min, circular treatment is for 24 hours；
Control pumping silicon carbide is 50~55 DEG C: material rises to 55 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 50 DEG C and just stops.
In step S22, the microbial inoculum is VT1000 microbial inoculum.Waste of organic matter after the reactor fermentation process
Moisture content be 45-52%；The reactor fermentation process specifically includes: by the organic waste after reactor drying and other treatment,
Reactor fermentation cabin is launched, adds VT1000 microbial inoculum according to 2 ‰ ratio of organic waste amount of substance；Machine parameter is set:
Control pumping silicon carbide is 55~60 DEG C: material rises to 60 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 55 DEG C and just stops.
In step S3, the processing time of described pile compost is 8-16d.
It is next combined with specific embodiments below that the present invention will be described in further detail.
(1) dehydration is extracted
In the present embodiment, fresh its moisture content of organic waste to be processed provided is 82%, and organic waste is defeated
It is sent into oil-water separator, after extracting dehydration, moisture content 76%.
(2) filter screen is dehydrated
Dewatered organic waste will be extracted, will be put into the dustbin equipped with filter screen, to its natural sedimentation 12h, will be beaten
Dustbin bottom tap is opened, percolate is released, the moisture content of organic waste is 73% at this time.
(3) 5t organic waste reactor, desiccation storehouse
Organic waste in filter screen is launched to 5t organic waste reactor desiccation storehouse, according to the organic waste of addition
Gurry quality adds 15% sawdust and 10% organic waste feed back.Setting machine parameter: 150 DEG C of heating plate；It rotates forward
15min inverts 15min, stops 30min, circulation is for 24 hours；(material rises to 55 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 50 in pumping 50~55 DEG C of section
DEG C just stop).After organic waste desiccation 1d, moisture content 55%.
(4) 5t organic waste reactor, fermentation cabin
By treated in reactor desiccation storehouse organic waste, launches and arrive reactor fermentation cabin, according to the organic waste of addition
2 ‰ addition VT1000 microbial inoculums of gurry quality.Setting machine parameter: 115 DEG C of heating plate；15min is rotated forward, 15min is inverted, stops
30min, circular treatment is for 24 hours；55~60 DEG C of section of pumping (material rises to 60 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 55 DEG C and just stops).It is organic
Waste ferments after 1d, moisture content 50%
(5) item chops compost
By the pile compost of reactor fermentation cabin treated organic waste carries out 12d by a definite date, fermentation ends, moisture content
Drop to 30%.
In the present embodiment, to the temperature of charge of each stage organic waste, moisture content, pH value, EC value and germination index
(GI).Test method is as follows:
One, temperature measuring
Organic waste temperature is measured using digital thermometer, and the measurement of multiple spot different depth is averaged.
Two, measurement of water-content coefficient
Using quartering, the sampling of multiple spot different depth weighs 10.00g sample and is put into 12h in 105 DEG C of baking ovens, weighs sample
Dry weight calculates sample moisture content.
Three, pH/EC is measured
5.00g organic waste is accurately weighed in 250ml triangular flask, 50ml distilled water is poured into, covers sealed membrane, be placed in
25 DEG C of shaking table 0.5h take out and stand filtering, take supernatant, measure pH and EC.
Four, germination index (GI) measures
(1) compost sample and distilled water are prepared into mixed liquor oscillation 2h extraction by 1g:10ml, leaching liquor is in 5000r/min
Lower centrifugation 20min, takes supernatant liquid filtering stand-by.
(2) filter paper is laid in clean and sterile culture dish, 20 seeds is uniformly neatly well placed on filter paper.It is quasi-
Really 5ml filtrate is pipetted in culture dish.Each sample does 3 repetitions, and sets distilled water and compare.
(3) culture dish is placed in 25 DEG C of insulating boxs after cultivating 48h and is taken out, record the number of chitting piece, chitting piece
Number and seed sum ratio, that is, germination percentage.The root long of each chitting piece is measured with vernier caliper and calculates the calculation of root long
Art average, i.e. seed are averaged root long.
The germination index GI (%) of compost sample, is calculated according to following formula.
Germination index GI (%)=(w1·l1)/(w2·l2) × 100%
In formula:
GI --- germination index；
w1--- the percentage of seedgermination of compost extraction culture；
l1--- the seed of compost extraction culture is averaged root long；
w2--- the percentage of seedgermination of distillation Aquaponic；
l2--- the seed of distillation Aquaponic is averaged root long.
The related data structures measured are as shown in table 1:
1 organic waste desiccation material physico-chemical analysis of table
As shown in Table 1:
(1) temperature
Organic waste is being extracted dehydration, is being handled within filter screen water removal 0.5 day, desiccation 1 day, fermentation 1 day, pile compost 12 days
In the process, downward trend after first rising is presented in temperature substantially.Desiccation storehouse and fermentation cabin temperature of the organic waste in 5t reactor
Degree is higher, and respectively 69.37 and 65.78 DEG C.In 12 days by a definite date pile composting process, temperature continues at 50 DEG C or more substantially
10 days, reach the decomposed innoxious temperature standard of organic waste.Bar pile compost the 6th day, material had 62.34 DEG C of maximum temperature, with
Temperature declines afterwards, and at the 12nd day, temperature of charge dropped to 47.63 DEG C.
(2) moisture content
Organic waste is extracting dehydration, filter screen water removal 0.5d, desiccation 1d, fermentation 1d, pile compost 12d treatment process
In, downward trend is presented in moisture content substantially.Material initial moisture content is 82.13%；After extracting dehydration, material water ratio is
76.54%；12h, material water ratio 73.26% are precipitated through the dustbin equipped with filter screen；After desiccation storehouse handles 1d, material contains
Water rate is 55.53%；After fermentation cabin handles 1d, moisture content reaches 50.64%；After the pile compost treatment of 12d, material contains
Water rate drops to 30.19%.
(3)pH
Organic waste is extracting dehydration, filter screen water removal 0.5d, desiccation 1d, fermentation 1d, pile compost 12d treatment process
In, the trend of rising is presented in pH substantially.In article pile compost a 9d, pH 6.98, close to neutrality；It is in article pile compost a 12d, pH
7.68。
(4)EC
Organic waste is extracting dehydration, filter screen water removal 0.5d, desiccation 1d, fermentation 1d, pile compost 12d treatment process
In, downward trend after first rising is presented in EC substantially.The EC value of fresh material is 1.78ms/cm；In an article pile compost 8d, due to
Decomposition of the microorganism to organic waste, EC begin to ramp up 4.78ms/cm；It is 3.02ms/ in article pile compost 12d, EC value
Cm (< 4ms/cm), can be directly applied to soil.
(5)GI
Organic waste is extracting dehydration, filter screen water removal 0.5d, desiccation 1d, fermentation 1d, pile compost 12d treatment process
In, the trend of rising is presented in GI substantially.In the whole process, GI is always more than 50%, illustrates that organic waste is nontoxic；Object
The initial GI value of material is 60.72%；Article pile compost 10d, GI value is 82.56% (> 80%), reaches decomposed standard；In a pile
Compost 12d, material GI value reach 97.39%.
In summary: the biological dewatered method of organic waste of the invention mutually ties reactor compost and a pile compost
It closes, forms " reactor compost+pile compost " new model to handle organic waste, filtered out by the extrusion dehydration of 0.5d, mistake
Water, the reactor desiccation of 1d, the reactor fermentation of 1d and the item of 12d chop compost, are that material water ratio reaches 30.19%, pH and reaches
Reach 3.20, GI to 7.68, EC and reach 97.39%, reaches compost maturity standard " NY-525-2012 organic fertilizer ".Therefore the machine is useless
The biological dewatered method of gurry solves current organic waste water content of matter height, slows down aerobic compost process, aerobic reactor
The problems such as compost treatment amount is small.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of biological dewatered method of organic waste, which comprises the following steps:
S1, organic waste to be processed is provided, stands filtering after the organic waste to be processed is extracted dehydration；
S2, by treated in S1, organic waste carries out reactor compost treatment:
S21, by treated in S1, organic waste is placed in reactor desiccation storehouse, and dehydrate is added and carries out at reactor desiccation
Reason；
S22, by treated in S21, organic waste is placed in reactor fermentation cabin, and microbial inoculum is added and carries out at reactor fermentation
Reason；
S3, by treated in S22, organic waste carries out a pile compost, obtains desiccation organic waste, the desiccation is organic
The moisture content of waste is lower than 30%.
2. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described wait locate in step S1
Manage organic waste moisture content be 80-84%, by the organic waste to be processed be placed in oil water separator extract it is de-
After water, the moisture content of organic waste is 75-77%.
3. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in step S1, the standing
Filter process specifically includes: will extract dewatered organic waste, and be put into the dustbin equipped with filter screen, staticly settle
12h opens dustbin bottom tap, percolate is released, and the moisture content of organic waste is 70-74% at this time.
4. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S21, the dehydration
Object includes sawdust and organic waste feed back, and in reactor desiccation storehouse, the mass ratio of dehydrate and organic waste is 1:
10-1:5.
5. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that in the dehydrate, sawdust
Mass ratio with organic waste feed back is 3:2.
6. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that pass through the reactor desiccation
The moisture content of treated waste of organic matter is 53-57%；The reactor drying and other treatment specifically includes: after filtering in S1
Organic waste be placed in reactor desiccation storehouse, add 15% sawdust and organic waste amount of substance of organic waste material amount
10% organic waste feed back；Setting machine parameter: 150 DEG C of heating plate；15min is rotated forward, 15min is inverted, stops 30min,
Circular treatment is for 24 hours；Control pumping silicon carbide is 50~55 DEG C: material rises to 55 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 50 DEG C and just stops.
7. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S22, the microbial inoculum
For VT1000 microbial inoculum.
8. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that ferment by the reactor
The moisture content of treated waste of organic matter is 45-52%；The reactor fermentation process specifically includes: by reactor desiccation
Treated organic waste, dispensing to reactor fermentation cabin, according to the 2 ‰ ratio addition VT1000 of organic waste amount of substance
Microbial inoculum；Setting machine parameter: control pumping silicon carbide is 55~60 DEG C: material rises to 60 DEG C and is just evacuated, and is extracted into 55 DEG C just
Stop.
9. the biological dewatered method of organic waste as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S3, described pile
The processing time of compost is 8-16d.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111842409A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-30 | 中农新科(苏州)有机循环研究院有限公司 | Method for carrying out synergistic biological drying by utilizing auxiliary materials and return materials |
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| CN108383556A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2018-08-10 | 黄炳烽 | A kind of organic waste fast and harmless processing method and system |
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