CN110239282A - A kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system - Google Patents

A kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110239282A
CN110239282A CN201910463198.XA CN201910463198A CN110239282A CN 110239282 A CN110239282 A CN 110239282A CN 201910463198 A CN201910463198 A CN 201910463198A CN 110239282 A CN110239282 A CN 110239282A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
gear
wheel
wet
assembly
brake
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910463198.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
马乙
陈超
刘开登
倪海燕
刘盛
李晓
谢灿强
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dragon Work (shanghai) Fork Truck Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dragon Work (shanghai) Fork Truck Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dragon Work (shanghai) Fork Truck Co Ltd filed Critical Dragon Work (shanghai) Fork Truck Co Ltd
Priority to CN201910463198.XA priority Critical patent/CN110239282A/en
Publication of CN110239282A publication Critical patent/CN110239282A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60BVEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
    • B60B35/00Axle units; Parts thereof ; Arrangements for lubrication of axles
    • B60B35/12Torque-transmitting axles
    • B60B35/121Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub
    • B60B35/122Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub using gearings
    • B60B35/125Power-transmission from drive shaft to hub using gearings of the planetary type
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/001Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units one motor mounted on a propulsion axle for rotating right and left wheels of this axle

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system, including driving axis, reduction gearbox assembly and alternating current generator, the driving axis is three stage structure, it includes take turns planetary gear train deceleration system and axle housing in wet brake system, wheel, axle housing is located at the interlude of driving axis, and the both ends of the axle housing are separately connected wheel planetary gear train deceleration system in wet brake system and wheel;Using wheel side planetary reduction gear structure design, the overall dimensions of axle housing center tooth packet are reduced, the road clearance is increased, ensure that the matching of small tire, and increase the speed ratio of transmission system, vehicle is allow preferably to match the alternating current generator of high rpm low torque;It is compact-sized using enclosed multi-disc self-cooled wet brake, it can provide larger braking torque under smaller pressure, it is dust-proof, waterproof is good, long service life;The friction plate of brake is paper friction material, has brake noise small, thermal stability is good, the good feature of the feature of environmental protection.

Description

A kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system
Technical field
The present invention relates to driving system of forklift truck field, especially a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system.
Background technique
With the development of global fork truck manufacturing technology, user to the longitudinally, laterally stability of complete machine, high-order bearing capacity, The performance requirements such as selection, the handling comfort of high-performance AC motor are higher and higher.This requires vehicle has, front overhang is small, battery The features such as capacity is big, power source selects alternating current generator, wheel radius is small, operator's leg room is big must research and develop therewith thus The transmission system matched.Present electric fork truck transmission system has the disadvantages that (1) drive axle using dry type braking, when making steamboat The period of the day from 11 p.m. to 1 a.m is limited by the size of wheel rim, and brake outer diameter is smaller, causes brake force that cannot meet the requirements, and brake life is shorter; (2) door frame load fulcrum causes door frame front overhang larger at pontic center, and door frame centre of gyration height is high, the pulling force of dump ram Larger, vehicle vertical, horizontal stability is poor;(3) when complete machine matches small wheels, the road clearance cannot increase simultaneously with speed ratio, I.e. when passability is good, it is poor etc. cannot to match high performance alternating current generator, vehicle climbing capacity with regard to small for speed ratio;It (4) is matching The alternating current generator of high speed, driving unit, which must increase speed ratio, causes its overall dimensions larger, and occupying vehicle inner space makes vehicle The battery of large capacity cannot be installed.The above problem seriously constrains complete machine and realizes performance, thus needs to redesign a kind of electricity Electrical forklift multifunctional wet drive system is to solve the above problems.
The present invention be exactly in order to solve problem above and carry out improvement.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of long service life, thermal stability and good environmental protections, compact-sized, maintenance side Just and the stable electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system of braking.
The present invention is that technical solution used by solving its technical problem is:
A kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system, including driving axis, reduction gearbox assembly and alternating current generator, institute Reduction gearbox assembly connection driving axis and alternating current generator are stated, the driving axis is three stage structure, and it includes wheel side is wet Formula braking system, wheel side planetary gear train deceleration system and axle housing, wheel planetary gear train in wet brake system and wheel slow down System is located at the both ends of driving axis, and axle housing is located at the interlude of driving axis, and the both ends of the axle housing are separately connected wheel The planetary gear train deceleration system in wet brake system and wheel;
It also include suspension semiaxis, planetary gear, planet carrier and output axle shaft in the driving axis;
The planetary gear and suspension semiaxis are provided with a pair and are located at wheel planet in wet brake system and wheel In train deceleration system, for planetary gear rivet clasp on planet carrier, the output axle shaft is mounted on the both ends of driving axis;
The reduction gearbox assembly is three-level deceleration, and it includes duplicate gear, input gear, helical gear, gear ring, differential mechanism are total At, axle shaft gear and parking brake assembly, the double reduction of the reduction gearbox assembly uses duplicate gear transition, input gear Shaft end couple parking brake assembly, it is compacter to carry out stopping brake, structure, saves space, assembly and maintainability are good;
The gear ring is located at one end of reduction gearbox assembly, and parking brake assembly is located at the one of the reduction gearbox assembly other end Side, axle shaft gear are mounted on differential assembly, and one end of the suspension semiaxis passes through involute spline and differential assembly Axle shaft gear connection, the other end of suspension semiaxis are engaged by helical gear and planetary gear;
Further, the planetary gear device when wheel also includes wheel in planetary gear train deceleration system;
It further, include wet brake in the wet brake system of the wheel side, wet brake ensconces axle housing Axial centre;
The alternating current generator is coupled with input gear by spline;
It also include tooth shaft in the reduction gearbox assembly, duplicate gear drives helical gear, helical gear and tooth shaft by external toothing By via spline coupling spindle, tooth shaft and gear ring carry out external toothing transmission, and the gear ring and differential assembly are fastened by bolts one It rises;
Specifically, the planet carrier and output axle shaft are cooperated by involute spline;
The parking brake assembly is shoe brake, and parking brake assembly is internally provided with connection flange and drawing Rope, connection flange are coupled with input gear by spline, and locking drawing on pulling parking brake assembly 27 is carried out with nut When rope 29, internal shoe plate starts spreading, and then by 20 locking of input gear, prevents it from operating, reached parking braking Purpose;
Wherein, axle housing is internally provided with five through-holes to guarantee internal run-through, also wraps in the wet brake system of the wheel side Containing piston, spring, friction plate, partition and stopping gear, when braking oil liquid is under the action of outer boundary's pressure, by clamping screw into When entering the oil duct on axle housing, piston begins to overcome the pulling force of spring and fast moves, and then pressing friction piece, partition, because every Piece is fixed on axle housing, when friction plate and partition compression, so that stopping gear is stopped rotation, and stopping gear passes through spline It is linked together with suspension semiaxis, so suspension semiaxis stopped rotation, final suspension semiaxis is by planetary gear, planet carrier to defeated Semiaxis has carried out stop out.
Working principle are as follows: when alternating current generator obtains electric operation, then input gear operates at the same speed therewith, and such input gear is just Primary speed-down is formd with duplicate gear;Duplicate gear has driven helical gear rotation by external toothing transmission, and then forms two Grade is slowed down;Helical gear rotation makes tooth shaft that gear ring driven to operate and then forms third level deceleration;When ring gear against rotation just drive with Fastening one differential assembly operating, differential assembly by axle shaft gear drive semiaxis rotation, semiaxis rotate when, drive The planetary gear for carrying out external toothing transmission therewith turns because planetary gear rivet clasp is on planet carrier so planet carrier also carries out differential therewith It is dynamic, because planet carrier is cooperated with output axle shaft by involute spline, so output axle shaft also carries out constant speed rotation with planet carrier therewith Turn, has been finally completed entire power transmitting.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using wheel side planetary reduction gear structure design, reduce the outer of axle housing center tooth packet Molded dimension increases the road clearance, ensure that the matching of small tire, and increases the speed ratio of transmission system, allows vehicle more The alternating current generator of the good high rpm low torque of matching;It is compact-sized using enclosed multi-disc self-cooled wet brake, smaller It can provide larger braking torque under pressure, it is dust-proof, waterproof is good, long service life;The friction plate of brake is paper base friction material Material has brake noise small, and thermal stability is good, the good feature of the feature of environmental protection;It is provided using self-cooled and unique manual braking The design of Hydraulic System of braking medium eliminates complicated design of Hydraulic System, makes that cost is relatively low;Reduction gearbox using horizontally disposed, Structure is very compact, easy to maintenance, and on the basis of guaranteeing speed ratio, the road clearance is larger, when using small tire, still have compared with Good passability;Driving axis uses three-stage, and processing technology, casting manufacturability are preferable, and wheelspan and structure malleable, Be conducive to apolegamy of the vehicle to drive axle;Wet braking is loaded before planetary gear train slows down, by the way of embracing floated semiaxis Realize braking, required brake force is small, and braking is steady;Parking brake is installed in motor speed end, required brake force is small, alleviates Operator's fatigue strength, and brake external form is small, increases service clearance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of isometric structural schematic diagram of three-dimensional of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of the schematic diagram of the section structure of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system proposed by the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the diagrammatic cross-section of driving axis in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the diagrammatic cross-section of reduction gearbox assembly in Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is that cuing open for side wet brake system is taken turns in a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system proposed by the present invention Face schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the section signal of wet brake in a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system proposed by the present invention Figure.
Fig. 7 is the structure that side planetary gear device is taken turns in a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system proposed by the present invention Schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is the partial cutaway schematic of wet brake in Fig. 6.
Fig. 9 is the diagrammatic cross-section of parking brake assembly in Fig. 4.
Specific embodiment
In order to be easy to understand the technical means, the creative features, the aims and the efficiencies achieved by the present invention, tie below Diagram and specific embodiment are closed, the present invention is further explained.
Referring to figs. 1 to shown in Fig. 9, the electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system, including driving axis 1, reduction gearbox Assembly 2 and alternating current generator 3, the reduction gearbox assembly 2 connects driving axis 1 and alternating current generator 3, the driving axis 1 are Three stage structure, it includes take turns planetary gear train deceleration system and axle housing 11, wheel side wet type system in wet brake system, wheel Dynamic system and wheel side planetary gear train deceleration system are located at the both ends of driving axis 1, and axle housing 11 is located at the centre of driving axis 1 Section, the both ends of the axle housing 11 are separately connected wheel planetary gear train deceleration system in wet brake system and wheel;
It also include suspension semiaxis 18, planetary gear 8, planet carrier 7 and output axle shaft 19 in the driving axis 1;
The planetary gear 8 and suspension semiaxis 18 are provided with a pair and are located at wheel row in wet brake system and wheel In star wheel series deceleration system, for 8 rivet clasp of planetary gear on planet carrier 7, the output axle shaft 19 is mounted on the two of driving axis 1 End;
The reduction gearbox assembly 2 is three-level deceleration, and it includes duplicate gear 21, input gear 20, helical gears 22, gear ring 24, differential assembly 25, axle shaft gear 26 and parking brake assembly 27, the double reduction of the reduction gearbox assembly 2 is using double Join 21 transition of gear, the shaft end of input gear 20 couples parking brake assembly 27, and progress stopping brake, structure are compacter, section Save space, assembly and maintainability are good;
The gear ring 24 is located at one end of reduction gearbox assembly 2, and parking brake assembly 27 is located at 2 other end of reduction gearbox assembly Side, axle shaft gear 26 is mounted on differential assembly 25, and one end of the suspension semiaxis 18 passes through involute spline and poor The axle shaft gear 26 of fast device assembly 25 connects, and the other end of suspension semiaxis 18 is engaged by helical gear 22 with planetary gear 8;
Further, planetary gear device 5 when the wheel also includes wheel in planetary gear train deceleration system;
It further, include wet brake 4 in the wet brake system of the wheel side, wet brake 4 ensconces axle housing 11 axial centre;
The alternating current generator 3 is coupled with input gear 20 by spline;
It also include tooth shaft 23 in the reduction gearbox assembly 2, duplicate gear 21 drives helical gear 22, helical gear by external toothing 22 carry out external toothing transmission, the gear ring 24 and differential assembly by via spline coupling spindle, tooth shaft 23 and gear ring 24 with tooth shaft 23 25 are fastened by bolts together;
Specifically, the planet carrier 7 is cooperated with output axle shaft 19 by involute spline;
The parking brake assembly 27 is shoe brake, and parking brake assembly 27 is internally provided with connection flange 28 With drag-line 29, connection flange 28 is coupled with input gear 20 by spline, carried out with nut it is locking, when pull parking brake it is total When at drag-line 29 on 27, internal shoe plate starts spreading, and then by 20 locking of input gear, prevents it from operating, reach The purpose of parking braking;
Wherein, axle housing 11 is internally provided with five through-holes to guarantee internal run-through, goes back in the wet brake system of the wheel side Comprising piston 10, spring 17, friction plate 13, partition 14 and stopping gear 15, when braking oil liquid is under the action of outer boundary's pressure, by When entering the oil duct on axle housing 11 at clamping screw 30, piston 10 begins to overcome the pulling force of spring 17 and fast move, in turn Pressing friction piece 13, partition 14, when friction plate 13 and the compression of partition 14, just make stop because partition 14 is fixed on axle housing 11 Gear 15 stopped rotation, and stopping gear 15 is linked together by spline with suspension semiaxis 18, so suspension semiaxis 18 stops Rotation is stopped, final suspension semiaxis 18 has carried out stop to output axle shaft 19 by planetary gear 8, planet carrier 7.
When alternating current generator obtains electric operation, then input gear operates at the same speed therewith, such input gear just and duplicate gear Form primary speed-down;Duplicate gear has driven helical gear rotation by external toothing transmission, and then forms double reduction;Helical teeth Wheel rotation makes tooth shaft that gear ring driven to operate and then forms third level deceleration;It is just driven when ring gear against rotation and fastens one therewith Differential assembly operating, differential assembly drive semiaxis to rotate by axle shaft gear, when semiaxis rotates, drive and carry out outer nibble therewith Close transmission planetary gear, because planetary gear rivet clasp is on planet carrier, thus planet carrier also therewith carry out differential rotation, because planet carrier with Output axle shaft is cooperated by involute spline, so output axle shaft also carries out constant speed rotation with planet carrier therewith, is finally completed Entire power transmitting.
Using wheel side planetary reduction gear structure designs, the overall dimensions of axle housing center tooth packet are reduced, the road clearance is increased, It ensure that the matching of small tire, and increase the speed ratio of transmission system, vehicle is allow preferably to match high rpm low torque Alternating current generator;It is compact-sized using enclosed multi-disc self-cooled wet brake, it can provide larger braking under smaller pressure Torque, it is dust-proof, waterproof is good, long service life;The friction plate of brake is paper friction material, has brake noise small, and heat is steady Good, the good feature of the feature of environmental protection of qualitative energy;The design of Hydraulic System of braking medium is provided using self-cooled and unique manual braking Complicated design of Hydraulic System is eliminated, makes that cost is relatively low;For reduction gearbox using horizontally disposed, structure is very compact, easy to maintenance, On the basis of guaranteeing speed ratio, the road clearance is larger, when using small tire, still has preferable passability;Driving axis Using three-stage, processing technology, casting manufacturability are preferable, and wheelspan and structure malleable, are conducive to vehicle to drive axle Apolegamy;Wet braking is loaded before planetary gear train slows down, realizes braking, required brake force by the way of embracing floated semiaxis Small, braking is steady;Parking brake is installed in motor speed end, required brake force is small, alleviates operator's fatigue strength, and make Dynamic device external form is small, increases service clearance.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this The principle of invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, these changes Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its Equivalent defines.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system, including driving axis (1), reduction gearbox assembly (2) and alternating current Machine (3), reduction gearbox assembly (2) connection driving axis (1) and alternating current generator (3), it is characterised in that:
The driving axis (1) is three stage structure, and it includes take turns the planetary gear train deceleration system in wet brake system, wheel With axle housing (11), wheel planetary gear train deceleration system in wet brake system and wheel is located at the both ends of driving axis (1), Axle housing (11) is located at the interlude of driving axis (1), and the both ends of the axle housing (11) are separately connected wheel side wet brake system With wheel side planetary gear train deceleration system;
Also comprising suspension semiaxis (18), planetary gear (8), planet carrier (7) and output axle shaft (19) in the driving axis (1);
The planetary gear (8) and suspension semiaxis (18) are provided with a pair and are located at wheel row in wet brake system and wheel In star wheel series deceleration system, for planetary gear (8) rivet clasp on planet carrier (7), the output axle shaft (19) is mounted on driving axis (1) both ends;
The reduction gearbox assembly (2) is three-level deceleration, and it includes duplicate gear (21), input gear (20), helical gears (22), tooth Circle (24), differential assembly (25), axle shaft gear (26) and parking brake assembly (27), the two of the reduction gearbox assembly (2) Grade, which is slowed down, uses duplicate gear (21) transition, and the shaft end of input gear (20) couples parking brake assembly (27);
The gear ring (24) is located at one end of reduction gearbox assembly (2), and it is another that parking brake assembly (27) is located at reduction gearbox assembly (2) The side of one end, axle shaft gear (26) are mounted on differential assembly (25), and one end of the suspension semiaxis (18) is by gradually opening Line spline is connect with the axle shaft gear (26) of differential assembly (25), the other end of suspension semiaxis (18) by helical gear (22) with Planetary gear (8) is engaged.
2. a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that wheel side planet Also comprising wheel side planetary gear device (5) in train deceleration system.
3. a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that wheel side wet type It include wet brake (4) that wet brake (4) ensconces the axial centre of axle housing (11) in braking system.
4. a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the alternating current generator (3) coupled with input gear (20) by spline.
5. a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the reduction gearbox is total At also comprising tooth shaft (23), duplicate gear (21) passes through external toothing and drives helical gear (22), helical gear (22) and tooth shaft in (2) (23) by via spline coupling spindle, tooth shaft (23) and gear ring (24) carry out external toothing transmission, the gear ring (24) and differential assembly (25) it is fastened by bolts together.
6. a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the planet carrier (7) cooperated with output axle shaft (19) by involute spline.
7. a kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the parking braking Device assembly (27) is shoe brake, and parking brake assembly (27) is internally provided with connection flange (28) and drag-line (29), is joined Acting flange (28) is coupled with input gear (20) by spline.
CN201910463198.XA 2019-05-30 2019-05-30 A kind of electri forklift multifunctional wet drive system Pending CN110239282A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112223956A (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-01-15 浙江金道科技股份有限公司 Wet-type axle and box integrated drive axle for forklift

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112223956A (en) * 2020-10-15 2021-01-15 浙江金道科技股份有限公司 Wet-type axle and box integrated drive axle for forklift

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