CN110235581A - A kind of fertilizing method of theatre weight-reducing synergy - Google Patents
A kind of fertilizing method of theatre weight-reducing synergy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110235581A CN110235581A CN201910571040.4A CN201910571040A CN110235581A CN 110235581 A CN110235581 A CN 110235581A CN 201910571040 A CN201910571040 A CN 201910571040A CN 110235581 A CN110235581 A CN 110235581A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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Abstract
The invention belongs to orchard fertilizing method technical fields, disclose a kind of fertilizing method of theatre weight-reducing synergy, comprising: soil thawed to the budding period, basal dressing of ditching；It thanks the florescence, carries out first time foliar fertilizer；After first time foliar fertilizer 15 days, second of foliar fertilizer is carried out；Young sprout stops growing the phase, and third time foliar fertilizer applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%；Flower bud differentiation period, the 4th foliar fertilizer of progress in from third time foliar fertilizer 40 days or so；From the 4th time foliar fertilizer 15 days or so, the 5th foliar fertilizer is carried out；After harvesting, the 6th foliar fertilizer is carried out.The present invention only has one third, or the dose of a quarter fully meets existing yield, soluble solid content improves 0.5% or so, chlorophyll content in leaf blades and leaf area, the indexs such as specific leaf weight are better than conventional garden, because tree body balances, the economic benefit that can manually save a quarter of summer pruning and winter pruning investment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to orchard fertilizing method technical field more particularly to a kind of fertilizing methods of theatre weight-reducing synergy.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such that Area of Yanbian of Jilin Province is apple pear cultivation main producing region, have
Nearly 100 years cultivation histories, from upper 80~nineties an of century, a large amount of of chemical fertilizer use the fertilizer practice for having become default,
Until the end of the nineties, 1 kilogram of purity nitrogen of result of study is applied according to 100 kilograms of pears are produced, results in the how many fertilizer of investment, yield is up to how many
Wrong fertilising theory.Prolong Region In Yanbian average annual rainfall 550mm, most Orchard Constructions are on the hillside of not irrigation conditions
Ground, 1500 kilograms of per mu yield, conventional orchard year dose reaches nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (fruit-specific fertilizer 15-15-15) most
Few 110 kilograms per acre, up to 180 kilograms, and also the presence such as fertilizing time, dose does not meet fruit physiology habit etc. and asks
Topic, seriously affects fruit quality, tree body resistance, occurs that fruit is remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe, and time of picking is delayed, intrinsic flavour fading, branch at
Phenomena such as ripe degree is poor, branch freeze injury, day burning often occurs, and bud does not enrich.In short, current blindness is applied fertilizer, excessive fertilization side
Formula had not only influenced fruit quality, tree body resistance, but also directly affected the economic benefit of orchard worker, in addition waste of resource, seriously pollute environment.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
Current blindness is applied fertilizer, excessive fertilization mode had not only influenced fruit quality, tree body resistance, but also directly affected the warp of orchard worker
Ji benefit；In addition waste of resource, seriously pollute environment.
Solve the difficulty of above-mentioned technical problem:
To the Formula fertilization by soil testing that begins one's study at the beginning of 2000, but the theoretical and process until the practical operation of field
Complexity, effect are also less obvious.Popularization Formula fertilization by soil testing technical difficult points are the same location soil from different places
Nutrient content it is widely different, need the accumulation of the analysis data of many sampling positions to constantly improve, but also need mating
Analytical equipment and the investment such as the funds such as Research Team, time, artificial.
Solve the meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
Reduce to the greatest extent soil dose and by pear tree different growing stages various concentration match foliar fertilizer to meet
The nutritional need needed improves fruit quality, guarantees that orchard worker reduces cost, stable yields, synergy to improve utilization rate of fertilizer, reduces
The wasting of resources and environomental pollution source.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of fertilizing methods of theatre weight-reducing synergy.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of fertilizing method of theatre weight-reducing synergy, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: soil thawed to the budding period, basal dressing of ditching, and 40 pounds/acre, nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium ratio is 2:1:2；
Step 2: thanking the florescence, carries out first time foliar fertilizer；After first time foliar fertilizer 15 days, second of foliar fertilizer is carried out；
Step 3: young sprout stops growing the phase, and third time foliar fertilizer applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%；
Step 4: flower bud differentiation period, the 4th foliar fertilizer of progress in from third time foliar fertilizer 40 days or so；
Step 5: from the 4th time foliar fertilizer 15 days or so, the 5th foliar fertilizer is carried out；After harvesting, the 6th blade face is carried out
Fertilizer.
Further, it in step 1, is applied after base manure fertilising i.e. 16 jin of urea: 8 jin of Diammonium phosphate (DAP): 16 jin of potassium sulfate mixing.
Further, in step 2, foliar fertilizer is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.3%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%+ borax 0.02%.
Further, in step 4, foliar fertilizer is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax 0.01%.
Further, in step 5, the 5th foliar fertilizer is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax
0.01%.
Further, in step 5, the 6th foliar fertilizer is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.5%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax
0.01%.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows: according to the orchard's soil nutrient average value of Region In Yanbian 50 is prolonged, closely
Decrement fertilizer test is carried out continuously within 3 years as a result, only 1/3rd or 1/4th dose also fully meets existing yield,
Soluble solid content improves 0.5% or so, and change of soil nutrient and conventional garden do not have difference, and chlorophyll content in leaf blades
And leaf area, the indexs such as specific leaf weight are better than conventional garden, because tree body balances, summer pruning and winter pruning investment can manually be saved
Save the economic benefits such as 1/4th.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the fertilizing method schematic diagram of weight-reducing synergy in theatre provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is apple pear Demonstration Garden provided in an embodiment of the present invention and compare garden chlorophyll content in leaf blades comparison pictorial diagram.
Fig. 3 is that Different Fertilization amount region growing season weeds growing way provided in an embodiment of the present invention compares (June) material object
Figure；
In figure: black circle: 0 fertilising；White circle: mu applies 40 jin of fertilization areas.
Fig. 4 is that pictorial diagram is compared in Demonstration Garden provided in an embodiment of the present invention and control garden；
In figure: (A) Demonstration Garden；(a) dormant period tree crown situation；(b) florescence blooms shape；(B) garden is compareed；(a) dormant period tree
Coronal condition；(b) florescence blooms shape.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
It elaborates with reference to the accompanying drawing to application principle of the invention；
As shown in Figure 1, the fertilizing method of weight-reducing synergy in theatre provided in an embodiment of the present invention, specifically includes the following steps:
S101: soil thawed to budding period, trench digging progress base manure fertilising, and 40 pounds/acre, nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium ratio is 2:1:2；
S102: thanking the florescence, carries out first time foliar fertilizer；After first time foliar fertilizer 15 days, second of foliar fertilizer is carried out；
S103: young sprout stops growing the phase, and third time foliar fertilizer applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%；
S104: flower bud differentiation period, the 4th foliar fertilizer of progress in from third time foliar fertilizer 40 days or so；
S105: from the 4th time foliar fertilizer 15 days or so, the 5th foliar fertilizer is carried out；After harvesting, the 6th foliar fertilizer is carried out.
In step S101, i.e. 0.8 jin of urea: 0.4 jin of Diammonium phosphate (DAP): potassium sulfate of base manure fertilising provided in an embodiment of the present invention
It is applied after 0.8 jin of mixing.
In step S102, foliar fertilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.3%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%+ boron
Sand 0.02%.
In step S104, foliar fertilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ boron
Sand 0.01%.
In step S105, the 5th foliar fertilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.3%+ borax 0.01%.
In step S105, the 6th foliar fertilizer provided in an embodiment of the present invention is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.5%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate
0.3%+ borax 0.01%.
Application principle of the invention is further described combined with specific embodiments below；
One, dose and fertilizing time:
1, base manure fertilizing time: soil defrosting to budding period, 40 pounds/acre (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=2:1:2), ditching-fertilizing.(i.e.
It is applied after 16 jin of urea: 8 jin of Diammonium phosphate (DAP): 16 jin of potassium sulfate mixing)
2, foliar fertilizer:
For the first time: thanking the florescence, calcium ammonium nitrate 0.3%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%+ borax 0.02%；
Second: after first time foliar fertilizer 15 days, calcium ammonium nitrate 0.3%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%+ borax 0.02%；
For the third time: young sprout stops growing the phase, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%；
4th time: flower bud differentiation period, from third time foliar fertilizer 40 days or so calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphates 0.3%
+ borax 0.01%；
5th time: from the 4th time foliar fertilizer 15 days or so, calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax
0.01%；
6th time: after harvesting, calcium ammonium nitrate 0.5%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax 0.01%.
Two, result:
Fertilizer test is continuously reduced as a result, only 1/3rd or 1/4th dose is also complete according to Region In Yanbian is prolonged nearly 3 years
Meeting existing yield, soluble solid content improves 0.5% or so, and change of soil nutrient and conventional garden do not have difference, and
And chlorophyll content in leaf blades and leaf area, the indexs such as specific leaf weight are better than conventional garden, and because tree body balances, summer pruning and winter pruning
Investment can manually save the economic benefits such as 1/4th.
This technology suitable area: 1.5% or more soil organic matter content, rainfall 500mm or so, the per mu yield of Sod culture
The area of 1800 kilograms or so of amount.
Application effect of the invention is further described below with reference to specific test.
The present invention can reduce dose, improve utilization rate of fertilizer in conjunction with the foliage dressing of different growing different proportion, surely
Determine tree vigo(u)r, reduces direct cost and artificial investment, reach upgrading synergy purpose.
Test material: the apple-pear orchard execution of 6 branch of side fruit tree farm is prolonged in this test being located at Jilin Province Longjing City,
The gradient is 15 degree or so, and the age of tree is 30 years, and planting density is 6 × 5m, the happy shape of single layer.At the beginning of -2018 years 2015, annual 4 months
Apply N P and K in apple pear Demonstration Garden: the ratio of 2:1:2 applies 40 jin per acre, wherein 0 fertilization area is to understand in current soil
Yield and quality comparison under conditions of not applying fertilizer under in environment and set, control garden (routine) is applied compound fertilizer (14:16:15) and is applied per acre
100 jin of control mid-July gardens impose compound fertilizer (the rich 14:16:15 in ocean) and apply 100 jin per acre, and Demonstration Garden does not have top dressing.
Foliar fertilizer:
Demonstration Garden beginning period of growth (rear first pass is spent to go and buy Chinese medicine) calcium ammonium nitrate 0.3%+0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate+borax
0.02%, continuous 2 times of mixing fertilising when laxative；Mid-July young sprout stop growing after, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3% is sprayed, in August
Every 15 days, continuously to spray+0.01% borax primary for 2+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphates of 0.2% calcium ammonium nitrate of spray from ten days, after picking
+ 0.01% borax of+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 0.5% calcium ammonium nitrate.
Mixing sprays foliar fertilizer 5~6 times of the markets such as amino acid fertilizer, trace element fertilizer sale when control garden is gone and buy Chinese medicine every time.
Investigation method and investigation content:
I. soil sampling: annual 10 the end of month, to the 0-30 of the soil of Demonstration Garden and neighbouring control garden, 30-50cm soil layer
After being sampled using soil sampler, each processing samples 3 points respectively, and analysis pre-treatment is carried out after being dried in the shade, according to
National standard soil analysis method is analyzed.
II. blade sampling and investigation: after the first young sprout of 7 the end of month-August stops growing, selecting the much the same sample tree of tree vigo(u)r,
Acquisition extends 70, intermediate position blade or so of branch in each tree, analyzes blade area using leaf area analyzer, each
50 blades are repeated, and the blade investigated is carried out drying 36 hours, are weighed until unit mass does not change, then
It calculates specific leaf weight (leaf dry weight of unit area)；Chlorophyll content is that vein two sides in position utilize Φ among each blade
After the Core sampling weighing of 10mm, it is immersed in 75% alcohol and is extracted 36 hours under dark condition, utilize spectrophotometer
Chlorophyll content is calculated according to Aron formula after 663nm and 645nm areal survey trap.
III. the harvesting and analysis of fruit: annual September 25 days or so, after selected sample tree is picked, survey production and
The investigation of Fruit Characteristics index is carried out to the fruit of picking.
IV. statistical disposition.
Test result:
Start within 2015 to carry out decrement fertilising, (2017) soil nutrient content changes such as after continuous 3 annual decrement fertilising
Table 1 slightly has variation compared to Orchard Soil 0-30cm layers of pH of control, but meets planting fruit trees range, and the content of organic matter is more equal than compareing
It is improved, and significant difference.Total nitrogen content is also the same as organic matter same trend, rapid available phosphorus, available potassium, exchangeable calcium and exchangeable magnesium
Content is unobvious in basic difference, 0-30cm layers of exchangeable calcium contents raising is impinged upon significantly except decrement fertilization area compares, in 30-
Other than 50cm layers of quick-acting potassium content significantly improve.Think that decrement fertilising reduces SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio, the effectively slow soil organism point
Solution improves the content of organic matter, and improves or maintain the contents level of other available nutrients.
Influence (2017) of 1 different fertilization of table to soil chemical characteritics
Table 2 is the blade inorganic constituents of investigation apple pear breeding time annotinous branch after continuous decrement fertilizer treatment 3-4
Content results.(mid-July) to early August is tree nutrient with respect to stationary stage after young sprout stops growing, and this period is annual
The blade inorganic constituents content at position represents the nutrition condition of tree body among branch.Table 2 statistics indicate that, continuous 2 years investigation
Decrement fertilising orchard blade inorganic nutrients content is compared to control garden almost without difference, and blade face is applied on the basis of illustrating decrement fertilising
Trunk infusion under the fertilization mode of fertilizer is no less than traditional fertilization mode.
The influence of Leaves of ' Apple-pear ' inorganic constituents content at 2 Different Fertilization of table
Table 3 is apple pear leaf area and specific leaf weight investigation result after decrement fertilizer treatment 3-4.It is reduced fertilization area blade face
Product is compared control with specific leaf weight and is not significantly different.Leaf area is to directly affect photosynthesis area index, and specific leaf weight is
Measure the index of blade net photosynthesis rate.Table 3 the result shows that, decrement fertilizer treatment does not influence the leaf photosynthesis of tree body
Active area improves net photosynthesis rate in error range instead.
Influence of 3 different fertilization of table to Leaves of ' Apple-pear ' characteristic index
Survey in continuous 2 years produces as a result, decrement treatment slightly above compares after being reduced fertilizer treatment 3-4, and apple pear picking time is single
The indexs such as fruit weight, hardness and titratable acid are not significantly different, and soluble solid averagely improves 0.5% or more, and poor
Different significant (table 4).
4 different fertilization of table influences apple pear fruits characteristic index
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fertilizing method of theatre weight-reducing synergy, which is characterized in that the fertilizing method of the theatre weight-reducing synergy includes
Following steps:
Step 1: soil thawed to the budding period, basal dressing of ditching, and 40 pounds/acre, nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium ratio is 2:1:2；
Step 2: thanking the florescence, carries out first time foliar fertilizer；After first time foliar fertilizer 15 days, second of foliar fertilizer is carried out；
Step 3: young sprout stops growing the phase, and third time foliar fertilizer applies potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%；
Step 4: flower bud differentiation period, the 4th foliar fertilizer of progress in from third time foliar fertilizer 40 days；
Step 5: from the 4th time foliar fertilizer 15 days, the 5th foliar fertilizer is carried out；After harvesting, the 6th foliar fertilizer is carried out.
2. the fertilizing method of weight-reducing synergy in theatre as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1, base manure is applied
It is applied after fertilizer i.e. 16 jin of urea: 8 jin of Diammonium phosphate (DAP): 16 jin of potassium sulfate mixing.
3. the fertilizing method of weight-reducing synergy in theatre as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 2, foliar fertilizer
For calcium ammonium nitrate 0.3%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.1%+ borax 0.02%.
4. the fertilizing method of weight-reducing synergy in theatre as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 4, foliar fertilizer
For calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax 0.01%.
5. the fertilizing method of weight-reducing synergy in theatre as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 5, the 5th time
Foliar fertilizer is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.2%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax 0.01%.
6. the fertilizing method of weight-reducing synergy in theatre as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 5, the 6th time
Foliar fertilizer is calcium ammonium nitrate 0.5%+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.3%+ borax 0.01%.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104303939A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-01-28 | 贵州山里红果蔬开发有限公司 | Planting method of ecological pear |
| CN105284454A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 务川自治县金果园绿色开发有限公司 | Method for preventing pear tree flower and fruit dropping |
-
2019
- 2019-06-28 CN CN201910571040.4A patent/CN110235581B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104303939A (en) * | 2014-11-14 | 2015-01-28 | 贵州山里红果蔬开发有限公司 | Planting method of ecological pear |
| CN105284454A (en) * | 2015-11-20 | 2016-02-03 | 务川自治县金果园绿色开发有限公司 | Method for preventing pear tree flower and fruit dropping |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 李卫琼等: "《园艺植物栽培技术》", 31 December 2013, 重庆大学出版社 * |
| 王少敏等: "《梨实用栽培技术》", 31 January 2017, 中国科学技术出版社 * |
| 金贵峻: "兰州地区冬果梨园土壤管理与施肥技术探讨", 《中国水土保持》 * |
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