CN110231614A - Microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion - Google Patents
Microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN110231614A CN110231614A CN201910604008.1A CN201910604008A CN110231614A CN 110231614 A CN110231614 A CN 110231614A CN 201910604008 A CN201910604008 A CN 201910604008A CN 110231614 A CN110231614 A CN 110231614A
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 10
- 241001347978 Major minor Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
Abstract
A kind of microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion, belongs to tellurometer survey technology field.The range-measurement system includes main instrument and secondary platform instrument；Wherein, secondary platform instrument includes secondary platform instrument antenna and passive converter plant, passive converter plant includes input matching network, output matching network, transistor and resonant network containing hetero-junctions, the output end of the input matching network is connected with the transistor drain containing hetero-junctions, the input terminal of output matching network is connected with the transistor source containing hetero-junctions, transistor gate containing hetero-junctions is grounded by resonant network, and passive converter plant feed-in carrys out the microwave signal that autonomous platform instrument antenna issues.A kind of microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion provided by the invention, secondary platform instrument use passive converter plant, are effectively simplified system, reduce costs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to tellurometer survey technology fields, more particularly to a kind of microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion.
Background technique
Currently, tellurometer survey is mainly the linearity and constant speed for utilizing electromagnetic wave to propagate in homogeneous medium space, press
Range measurement principle can be divided into impulse method, frequency method and phase method.But current range-measurement system is needed major-minor two
Equipment placement is at the both ends of survey line, after the distance measuring signal of main transmitting is received by secondary platform, then by secondary platform is transmitted to main.And it is
Raising precision, while main transmitting signal, secondary platform also transmits signals to main.Thus need complexity the same
Two instruments, and major-minor platform instrument requires have the function of realizing receiving and transmitting signal, that is, requires to include direct current supply.It leads in this way
Cause range-measurement system complicated, with high costs, volume weight is relatively large, limits its application.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion, secondary platform instrument
Device uses passive converter plant, is effectively simplified system, reduces costs.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
Based on the microwave ranging system of passive frequency conversion, including main instrument and passive secondary platform instrument；Wherein, described main
Instrument includes signal source 1, isolator 2, power amplifier 3, duplexer 4, low-noise amplifier 5, frequency determinator 6 and main instrument
Device antenna 7, the signal source generate microwave signal, and input power amplifier amplifies processing after isolator, amplified
Signal inputs the first passband port of duplexer, and the main mouth of duplexer connects main instrument antenna, the output of the second passband port
Signal inputs low-noise amplifier, after low-noise amplifier amplifies the passive frequency variation signal from secondary platform instrument, inputs frequency
Analyzer detects frequency；
The passive secondary platform instrument includes secondary platform instrument antenna 8 and passive converter plant 9, and secondary platform instrument antenna, which receives, to be come
The signal of autonomous platform instrument simultaneously emits the frequency variation signal that passive converter plant generates；Wherein, passive converter plant includes input
Distribution network, output matching network, transistor and resonant network containing hetero-junctions, the output end of the input matching network with containing different
The transistor drain of matter knot is connected, and the input terminal of output matching network is connected with the transistor source containing hetero-junctions, contains hetero-junctions
Transistor gate pass through resonant network and be grounded, passive converter plant feed-in carrys out the microwave signal that autonomous platform instrument antenna issues.
Further, the frequency of the passive converter plant output signal, comes from according to what secondary platform instrument antenna received
The microwave power of main instrument determines.
Further, according to the transmission power P of main instrument antennasAnd main instrument receive from secondary platform instrument
The frequency for the frequency variation signal that device generates, utilizes friis transmission formula and the power versus frequency curve of passive converter plant, Ji Keji
Calculation obtains the distance between major-minor platform instrument.
Further, the frequency for the microwave signal that the signal source generates is 3MHz~40GHz.
Further, the transistor containing hetero-junctions can be Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors or field-effect tube
(FET) etc.；Wherein, the field-effect tube can be Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or high electricity
Transport factor transistor (HEMT).
Further, in the passive converter plant, the purpose of input matching network 11 is to realize antenna impedance and crystal
The matching of pipe drain impedance, the signal more efficiently feed-in transistor that main instrument is emitted；The purpose of output matching network 12
It is to realize that the impedance matching of antenna, the frequency variation signal of output is smoothly launched for source impedance.
A kind of microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion provided by the invention, its working principle is that:
Signal source generates microwave signal, and input power amplifier amplifies processing, amplified signal after isolator
The the first passband port for inputting duplexer, the main instrument antenna transmitting being connect through the main mouth with duplexer；Secondary platform instrument antenna
After the signal for receiving main instrument transmitting, frequency variation signal is generated through passive converter plant；The frequency variation signal of generation is through secondary platform instrument
Device antenna is launched, and after Jing Zhutai instrument antenna receives, is exported by the second passband port of duplexer；Duplexer second is logical
The signal of port output inputs low-noise amplifier, amplifies the passive frequency variation signal from secondary platform instrument through low-noise amplifier
Afterwards, input frequency determinator detects frequency.Then, according to the transmission power P of main instrument antennasAnd main instrument receives
From secondary platform instrument generate frequency variation signal frequency, utilize friis transmission formula and the power versus frequency of passive converter plant
The distance between major-minor platform instrument can be calculated in curve.
The invention has the benefit that
Range-measurement system of the invention is based on passive converter technique, by radio frequency tone signal (the frequency f of low-power1) turn
It is changed to the incoherent tone signal of another frequency (frequency f2), and f2Controllably；In conjunction with friis transmission formula and passive change
The distance between major-minor platform instrument can be calculated in the power versus frequency curve of frequency device.It has the advantage that
1, the structure of the secondary platform instrument in range-measurement system is simple, without complicated emission system；
2, different from three kinds of current impulse method, frequency method and phase method distance measuring methods, new side is provided for tellurometer survey
Method；
3, the cost for reducing range-measurement system reduces the volume and weight of secondary platform instrument, expands application range.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the overall structure diagrams of the microwave ranging system of passive frequency conversion；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of main instrument the present invention is based in the microwave ranging system of passive frequency conversion；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of secondary platform instrument the present invention is based in the microwave ranging system of passive frequency conversion；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of passive converter plant the present invention is based in the microwave ranging system of passive frequency conversion；
Fig. 5 is that the relationship of the frequency of the reception power of passive converter plant and output frequency variation signal in the embodiment of the present invention is shown
It is intended to；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram that friis parameters of formula used in the embodiment of the present invention defines；
Description of symbols: 1, signal source；2, isolator；3, power amplifier；4, duplexer；5, low-noise amplifier；
6, frequency determinator；7, main instrument antenna；8, secondary platform instrument antenna；9, passive converter plant；10, containing the crystal of hetero-junctions
Pipe；11, input matching network；12, output matching network.
Specific embodiment
For convenient for those skilled in the art understand that technology contents of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the content of present invention into one
Step is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, for the present invention is based on the overall structure diagrams of the microwave ranging system of passive frequency conversion；Including main
Instrument and secondary platform instrument two parts.In main instrument of the invention microwave signal frequency caused by signal source 1 be 3MHz~
40GHz, below for ease of description, being illustrated by taking the tone signal of 2.5GHz as an example.
The structural schematic diagram of platform instrument based on Fig. 2, including it is signal source 1, isolator 2, power amplifier 3, duplexer 4, low
Noise amplifier 5, frequency determinator 6 and main instrument antenna 7.Signal source 1, it is therefore an objective to generate the radio frequency single-tone letter of 2.5GHz
Number, it is followed by isolator 2 in signal source 1, prevents reflection signal recharge to signal source, burns signal source 1；Add function after isolator 2
Rate amplifier 3, for amplifying the tone signal of 2.5GHz, to guarantee that the signal after overdamping, meets and passive frequency conversion occurs
Threshold power needed for phenomenon；2.5GHz passband port i.e. the first passband end of 3 output end of power amplifier access duplexer 4
Mouthful, the main mouth of duplexer accesses main instrument antenna 7.Second passband frequency range of duplexer 4 need to be more than or equal to passive frequency conversion
Device output signal f2Frequency range (2.416GHz < f in the present embodiment2< 2.428GHz) and the first passband and the second passband
Isolation will enough, to prevent the big signals leakiness of 2.5GHz to receiving signal f2Channel；Second passband port connects low noise
The input terminal of acoustic amplifier 5 amplifies the passive frequency variation signal f from secondary platform instrument2, it is convenient for frequency detecting.Frequency determinator 6 connects
The output port of low-noise amplifier 5 detects frequency variation signal f2Frequency.
It is illustrated in figure 3 the structural schematic diagram of secondary platform instrument, secondary platform instrument includes secondary platform instrument antenna 8 and passive frequency conversion dress
Set 9；Secondary platform instrument antenna 8 receives the signal (function needed for providing frequency conversion for passive converter plant 9 for carrying out autonomous platform instrument 2.5GHz
Rate signal) and emit the frequency variation signal f that passive converter plant 9 generates2。
As shown in figure 4, being the structural schematic diagram of passive converter plant 9；Passive converter plant 9 includes the crystal containing hetero-junctions
Pipe 10.Transistor containing hetero-junctions can by the radio frequency tone signal of low-power, (frequency be in the case where not supplying direct current
f1) be converted to the incoherent tone signal of another frequency (frequency f2) and f2Controllably, as passive converter technique.Its work
When, (frequency i.e. in the present embodiment is f to the pumping of drain electrode input microwave1Tone signal), ground state level E0Polariton swashed
Encourage more high level Eh=E0+h·f1(h is planck constant, f1It is input frequency).Work as EhUnstable polariton jump on energy level
When adjourning in more low-lying level, spontaneous radiation is formed.In order to form stable stimulated radiation, using resonant network (resonant inductance with
The resonant network that the junction capacity of transistor internal containing hetero-junctions is formed), in its resonance frequency frPlace provides specified energy level.This
Sample, induced polarization excimer will be in energy energy level Er=Eh-h·fr=E0+h·(f1-fr) on reach maximum transfer rate.Therefore,
Polariton is first from EhTransit to Er, radiation generation frequency f2=f1-fr；Then from ErTransit to E0, radiation generation frequency fr。
f2By f1And the control of its level power.Since energy level is with one fixed width, therefore the frequency f generated2There is certain variation model
It encloses.
In the present embodiment, resonance frequency fr=80MHz, to determine the frequency f of output frequency variation signal2.Export frequency variation signal
Frequency f2=f1-fr=2.5GHz-80MHz=2.42GHz nearby changes.
The signal f that main instrument antenna is emitted1Power by maximum measure range attenuation after, by secondary platform instrument receive
And it is still higher than the threshold power that passive frequency conversion phenomenon can occur.The transmission power relies primarily on the power amplifier in main instrument
To guarantee.
Two passbands of the duplexer of main instrument, a pass band transfer send tone signal f1, another pass band width
Meet passive frequency variation signal f2Frequency range.Meanwhile the isolation between two passbands wants sufficiently large.
The polarization direction and maximum receiving direction of main instrument antenna and secondary platform instrument antenna are sensitive under alignment case
Highest is spent, ranging is farthest, and misalignment can also survey, but measurement sensitivity and operating distance are slightly worse.
When carrying out tellurometer survey using the system, in a specific embodiment of the present invention, passive converter plant is received
The power of 2.5GHz signal and the frequency f of output frequency variation signal2Relationship is as shown in Figure 5.As shown in Figure 5, passive converter plant connects
The power and output frequency variation signal f of the 2.5GHz signal of receipts2For mapping relations one by one.It is examined in the frequency determinator 6 of main instrument
Measure frequency variation signal f2Frequency, can use the 2.5GHz letter that the data relationship in Fig. 5 determines that passive converter plant 9 receives
Number power, be denoted as Pr.The power P of main instrument transmitting terminal 2.5GHz signal is calculated by link relationship simultaneouslyt.Specific meter
Calculation process as shown in fig. 6, friis formula parameter schematic diagram.Known the power at dual-mode antenna both ends at this time, then by
Friis formula can calculate the distance between major-minor platform instrument.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.For ability
For the technical staff in domain, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made
Any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. should be included within scope of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (4)
1. based on the microwave ranging system of passive frequency conversion, including main instrument and secondary platform instrument；Wherein, the main instrument includes
Signal source (1), isolator (2), power amplifier (3), duplexer (4), low-noise amplifier (5), frequency determinator (6) and master
Platform instrument antenna (7), the signal source generate microwave signal, and input power amplifier amplifies processing after isolator, puts
First passband port of the signal input duplexer after big, the main mouth of duplexer connect main instrument antenna, the second passband port
The signal of output inputs low-noise amplifier, defeated after low-noise amplifier amplifies the passive frequency variation signal from secondary platform instrument
Enter frequency determinator detection frequency；
The pair platform instrument includes secondary platform instrument antenna (8) and passive converter plant (9), and secondary platform instrument antenna, which receives, carrys out autonomous platform
The signal of instrument simultaneously emits the frequency variation signal that passive converter plant generates；Wherein, passive converter plant include input matching network,
Output matching network, transistor and resonant network containing hetero-junctions, the output end of the input matching network with containing hetero-junctions
Transistor drain is connected, and the input terminal of output matching network is connected with the transistor source containing hetero-junctions, the crystal containing hetero-junctions
Tube grid is grounded by resonant network, and passive converter plant feed-in carrys out the microwave signal that autonomous platform instrument antenna issues.
2. the microwave ranging system according to claim 1 based on passive frequency conversion, which is characterized in that the passive frequency conversion dress
The frequency for setting output signal is determined according to the microwave power come autonomous platform instrument that secondary platform instrument antenna receives.
3. the microwave ranging system according to claim 1 based on passive frequency conversion, which is characterized in that described containing hetero-junctions
Transistor is Heterojunction Bipolar Transistors or field-effect tube.
4. the microwave ranging system according to claim 3 based on passive frequency conversion, which is characterized in that the field-effect tube is
Metal-Oxide Semiconductor field effect transistor or high electron mobility transistor.
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| CN201910604008.1A CN110231614B (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2019-07-05 | Microwave ranging system based on passive frequency conversion |
| US16/920,781 US11815588B2 (en) | 2019-07-05 | 2020-07-06 | Room-temperature semiconductor maser and applications thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115940821A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-04-07 | 成都熵泱科技有限公司 | Passive frequency conversion structure and passive frequency conversion method |
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| CN115940821B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-07-25 | 成都熵泱科技有限公司 | Passive frequency conversion structure and passive frequency conversion method |
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