CN110231409A - A kind of detection method and system of underground piping damage - Google Patents

A kind of detection method and system of underground piping damage Download PDF

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CN110231409A
CN110231409A CN201910541399.7A CN201910541399A CN110231409A CN 110231409 A CN110231409 A CN 110231409A CN 201910541399 A CN201910541399 A CN 201910541399A CN 110231409 A CN110231409 A CN 110231409A
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acoustical signal
underground piping
damage
detected
energy
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CN110231409B (en
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谯伟
孙琪真
李豪
范存政
李通达
刘懿捷
孙玥真
闫志君
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N17/00—Investigating resistance of materials to the weather, to corrosion, or to light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/09—Analysing solids by measuring mechanical or acoustic impedance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/11—Analysing solids by measuring attenuation of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
    • G01N29/04—Analysing solids
    • G01N29/12—Analysing solids by measuring frequency or resonance of acoustic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/014—Resonance or resonant frequency
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/015—Attenuation, scattering
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/01—Indexing codes associated with the measuring variable
    • G01N2291/018—Impedance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/023—Solids
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
    • G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
    • G01N2291/028—Material parameters
    • G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture

Abstract

The invention discloses the detection methods and system of a kind of damage of underground piping, specifically: it actively excites variable acoustical signal and is coupled in pipeline, the back scattering optical signal in optical fiber is modulated when acoustical signal is transmitted in the duct, obtains the back scattering optical signal for carrying acoustical signal information in optical fiber；The time-domain information of acoustical signal to be detected is obtained to the demodulation of back scattering optical signal；The time-domain information of acoustical signal is subjected to Fourier transformation and wavelet transformation respectively, obtains the first and second characteristic parameters of acoustical signal to be detected；It is input with the characteristic parameter of acoustical signal to be detected, position and the degree of underground piping damage is detected by the methods of feature extraction.Present invention uses active sonic flaw detection methods, the detection to the internal injury of long range underground piping is realized by the frequency and amplitude that regulate and control acoustical signal, and using the characteristic parameter of damage pipeline different location acoustical signal, the accurate positioning to pipe damage position and the assessment of degree of injury are realized.

Description

A kind of detection method and system of underground piping damage
Technical field
The invention belongs to distributed acoustic wave sensing system fields, more particularly, to a kind of detection of underground piping damage Method and system
Background technique
Pipeline is the important component of world's substance and energy supply infrastructure.From native industry pipe-line system to time The global pipeline in cloth continent, various types of pipelines are all being used all over the world.With the development of world's pipeline infrastructure And aging, the monitoring requirements of pipe safety and reliability service are also being continuously increased.In recent years, distributed fiberoptic sensor is because of it Over long distances, the advantages such as highly sensitive, the concern in pipeline industry increasingly by various monitoring tasks.
Pipe damage process is mainly based upon currently based on the monitoring pipeline safety system of distributed sound wave sensing technology The passive measurement that spontaneous emission sound wave carries out, pipeline occurs to rupture or leak that sound wave can be generated inside pipeline at work, this The sound wave (such as leak, rupture) issued when measuring technique is based on damage is positioned.
But the acoustical signal that issues is weaker when generating damage inside pipeline, and acoustical signal had in transmission process it is larger Decaying, therefore traditional monitoring pipeline safety system based on distributed sound wave sensing technology is for long-distance pipe internal exergy dissipation The measurement accuracy of wound is poor；And the passive type pipe damage monitoring method based on sound emission is mainly based upon the sound letter detected Number time domain waveform come judge damage generation and position, be affected by external interference signal, and due to acoustical signal Temporal signatures complexity, it is difficult to degree of injury is preferably determined, it is therefore desirable to a kind of active pipe damage Monitoring method realizes the accurately detecting to pipeline internal injury, and is positioned by parameters such as frequency domain characters to pipe damage With the assessment of degree of injury.
Summary of the invention
In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of underground piping damage detection method and be System, it is intended to solve the existing passive type pipe damage monitoring system based on sound emission and be difficult to carry out underground piping degree of injury The problem of assessment.
To achieve the above object, on the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of detection methods of underground piping damage, comprising:
(1) back scattering optical signal in optical fiber is modulated using acoustical signal to be detected, obtains and carries acoustical signal letter The back scattering optical signal of breath；
The acoustical signal to be detected is coupled in underground piping, and generates for actively excitation；
Wherein, acoustical signal to be detected is actively to excite controllable acoustical signal；
(2) time-domain information of acoustical signal is obtained to the back scattering optical signal demodulation for carrying acoustical signal information；
(3) time-domain information of acoustical signal is subjected to Fourier transformation, obtains the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected；
And the time-domain information of acoustical signal is subjected to wavelet packet character extraction, obtain the second feature ginseng of acoustical signal to be detected Amount；
Wherein, fisrt feature parameter is spectrum energy-spatial distribution image of underground piping different location acoustical signal；Second Characteristic parameter is wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map of underground piping；
In underground piping in the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected the distribution intensity of each position frequency band energy by with The shade of chromatic diagram indicates；
It (4) is input with the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected, according to the characteristics of image of pipe damage point, detection ground The position of lower pipe damage；
And with the second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected to input, according to pipe damage degree table, underground piping is detected The degree of damage.
Preferably, the frequency of acoustical signal and amplitude become according to the actual size and damage information of underground piping in step (1) Change；
Damage information includes the damage position and degree of injury of underground piping.
Preferably, step (2) includes:
(2.1) back scattering optical signal is demodulated, obtains the corresponding rear orientation light letter of underground piping different location Number phase information；
(2.2) inverting is carried out to the phase information of back scattering optical signal, obtains the time-domain information of acoustical signal to be detected.
Preferably, the method for fisrt feature parameter is obtained are as follows:
(3.1) choose underground piping different location, and to the time-domain information of the underground piping each position acoustical signal into Row Fourier transformation obtains the spectrum energy feature of underground piping each position acoustical signal；
(3.2) according to the spectrum energy feature of each position acoustical signal, underground piping different location acoustical signal is drawn Spectrum energy-spatial distribution image.
Preferably, in step (4) pipe damage point spectrum energy distributed image feature acquisition methods are as follows:
(4.1) the trained corresponding fisrt feature parameter of underground piping each position is inputted into neural network, is known by image Other method obtains the frequency band energy that underground piping each position corresponds to acoustical signal to be calibrated；
(4.2) to trained underground piping compared with the corresponding each position of not damaged underground piping carries out frequency band energy, frequency The identical position of band energy is not damaged position, and the different position of frequency band energy is impaired loci；
(4.3) using the corresponding frequency band energy of impaired loci as the characteristics of image of pipe damage point.Preferably, pipe damage journey Spend the acquisition methods of table are as follows:
(a) the trained corresponding second feature parameter of underground piping each position is inputted into neural network, passes through image recognition Method obtains the distribution proportion that underground piping each position corresponds to the wavelet-packet energy of acoustical signal；
(b) the distribution ratio of wavelet-packet energy is carried out to trained underground piping each position corresponding with not damaged underground piping Example compares, and it is 0 that the identical position of the distribution proportion of wavelet-packet energy, which is degree of injury, and the distribution proportion of wavelet-packet energy is not identical Place be damage position；
(c) the energy height assessment degree of injury that wavelet packet character section is corresponded to according to damage position, obtains pipe damage journey Spend table.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of detection systems of underground piping damage, comprising: sequentially connected sound wave is visited Hurt module, distributing optical fiber sensing module, characteristic extracting module, detection module；
Sonic flaw detection module is coupled in underground piping for actively exciting controllable acoustical signal；
The frequency and amplitude of acoustical signal are adjusted according to the size and detecting distance of pipeline, the characteristic frequency of different size pipelines Difference, the frequency for regulating and controlling acoustical signal can be improved the sensitivity of measurement near characteristic frequency, and the amplitude for regulating and controlling acoustical signal can To improve the accuracy of judgement degree damaged to different distance.
Distributing optical fiber sensing module input acquires acoustical signal and generates back scattering optical signal；Output end is by back scattering Optical signal demodulation restores the corresponding acoustical signal time domain waveform of each position in underground piping；
Characteristic extracting module is used for by calculating underground piping different location for the time-domain information Fourier transformation of acoustical signal The spectrum energy feature of acoustical signal obtains the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal；
Fisrt feature parameter is spectrum energy-spatial distribution image of underground piping different location acoustical signal；
And for carrying out wavelet function feedback to acoustical signal by wavelet transformation, obtain acoustical signal to be detected second is special Levy parameter；
The second feature parameter of acoustical signal is each wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map of underground piping to be detected；
Detection module obtains underground to be detected according to the fisrt feature parameter and pipe damage position table of acoustical signal to be detected The damage position of pipeline.
And according to the second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected, pipe damage degree table, underground piping to be detected is obtained Degree of injury.
Preferably, sonic flaw detection module is according to the frequency for regulating and controlling acoustical signal according to the actual size and damage information of underground piping Rate and amplitude；
The damage information includes the damage position and degree of injury of underground piping.
Contemplated above technical scheme through the invention, compared with prior art, can obtain it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, the detection method of passive transmitting acoustical signal is changed into and is actively sent out using variable acoustical signal by one aspect of the present invention The detection method of acoustical signal is penetrated, actively controllable acoustical signal and environmental disturbances etc. can be separated, while passing through regulation acoustical signal Frequency and amplitude can compensate for the damage check of long-distance pipe, therefore pipe damage detection method high sensitivity provided by the invention Strong interference immunity simultaneously, even if all can be to fault localization under the non-working condition of pipeline；On the other hand the present invention is using damage pipe The spectrum energy distributed image of road different location acoustical signal is as characteristic parameter, it can be achieved that accurately sentencing to pipe damage position It is fixed；In conclusion the detection method of underground piping damage provided by the invention is more accurate to the positioning of pipe damage.
2, the present invention carries out wavelet packet character extraction by using time-domain information of the wavelet transformation to acoustical signal, obtains damage Each wavelet band Energy distribution of pipeline, and as another feature parameter, and according to degree of injury known to pipeline reality with Another feature parameter establishes the corresponding relationship of another feature vector Yu pipe damage degree, therefore, pipeline provided by the invention Damage detecting method can carry out more accurate assessment to the degree of pipe damage.
3, the method that the present invention uses active sonic flaw detection, can be to the damage inside underground piping, such as tube wall internal fissure It is detected with corrosion etc., compared to traditional passive detection method, underground piping outwardly and inwardly more can be detected simultaneously Kind damage, therefore, the pipe damage type that pipe damage detection method provided by the invention can identify is richer.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of underground piping damage detecting method provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is the road of down tube with no damage acoustical signal spectrum energy-spatial distribution map provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is provided by the invention to have damage underground piping acoustical signal spectrum energy-spatial distribution map；
Fig. 4 is provided by the invention to have damage underground piping acoustical signal wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of underground piping damage detection system provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and It is not used in the restriction present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of detection methods of underground piping damage, comprising:
(1) back scattering optical signal in optical fiber is modulated using acoustical signal to be detected, obtains and carries acoustical signal letter The back scattering optical signal of breath；
The acoustical signal to be detected is coupled in underground piping, and generates for actively excitation；
Wherein, acoustical signal to be detected is actively to excite controllable acoustical signal；
Detailed process is as follows:
It is realized by distributed fiber-optic sensor method and the acoustical signal transmitted in underground piping is detected, acoustical signal will cause light The phase change of back scattering optical signal in fibre can be finally inversed by underground by the optical signal of each point back scattering in detection optical fiber The information of each position acoustical signal in pipeline；
Theoretically, the spacing that optical fiber is wound on underground piping is smaller, and positioning accuracy is better, and sensitivity can be higher, It is contemplated that practical application, the spacing of Optical Fiber Winding is unsuitable too small.
Illustrate variable acoustical signal:
The frequency of acoustical signal and amplitude are controlled by signal generator in the present invention, and acoustical signal passes in underground situations in pipes It when defeated, can be scattered in the position of damage, to change the features such as the spectrum energy of acoustical signal, the present invention is according to its feature pair Underground piping damage is identified；
Further, being transmitted in underground situations in pipes in the present invention using variable acoustical signal realizes active probe, due to Different type is different with the characteristic frequency of the underground piping of size, the sound when acoustical signal of different frequency is transmitted in underground situations in pipes Response is different with loss, therefore, can be realized by the frequency and amplitude that change acoustical signal to long-distance pipe different location, difference The measurement of degree.
Further, the active sonic flaw detection method used in the present invention, transmission process of the acoustical signal inside pipeline In, it can change by features such as the spectrum energies of injury region signal, therefore pipeline can be detected by acoustical signal transmission Internal damage (such as tube wall internal fissure and corrosion), so that sound wave can detect the further types of damage in pipeline inside and outside Wound.
(2) time-domain information of acoustical signal is obtained to the back scattering optical signal demodulation for carrying acoustical signal information；
Step (2) specifically includes:
(2.1) back scattering optical signal is demodulated, obtains the corresponding rear orientation light letter of underground piping different location Number phase information；
(2.2) inverting is carried out to the phase information of back scattering optical signal, obtains the time-domain information of acoustical signal to be detected；
(3) time-domain information of acoustical signal is subjected to Fourier transformation, obtains the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected；
And the time-domain information of acoustical signal is subjected to wavelet packet character extraction, obtain the second feature ginseng of acoustical signal to be detected Amount；
Wherein, fisrt feature parameter is spectrum energy-spatial distribution image of underground piping different location acoustical signal；
Second feature parameter is wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map of underground piping different location acoustical signal；
Step (3) specifically includes:
(3.1) Fourier transformation is carried out to the time-domain information of acoustical signal, obtains the frequency of underground piping different location acoustical signal Spectral energy features；
And wavelet packet character extraction is carried out to the time-domain information of acoustical signal, obtain the small of underground piping different location acoustical signal Wave packet energy feature；
(3.2) according to the spectrum energy feature of acoustical signal, spectrum energy-sky of underground piping different location acoustical signal is drawn Between distributed image；
And according to the wavelet pack energy feature of acoustical signal, the wavelet-packet energy-of underground piping different location acoustical signal is drawn Spatial distribution map；
Wherein, in the underground piping in the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected certain position frequency band energy distribution intensity By being indicated with the shade of chromatic diagram；
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, it can be analyzed from Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 comparison and have damage the sound letter that pipeline is different from not damaged pipeline Number spectrum energy distribution characteristics, using spatial frequency spectrum energy profile as characteristic parameter；
It (4) is input with the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected, according to the characteristics of image of pipe damage point, detection ground The position of lower pipe damage；
And with the second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected to input, according to pipe damage degree table, underground piping is detected The degree of damage.
Preferably, in step (4) pipe damage spectrum energy distribution characteristics acquisition methods are as follows:
(4.1) the trained corresponding fisrt feature parameter of underground piping each position is inputted into neural network, is known by image Other method obtains the frequency band energy that underground piping each position corresponds to acoustical signal to be calibrated；
(4.2) to trained underground piping compared with the corresponding each position of not damaged underground piping carries out frequency band energy, frequency The identical position of band energy is not damaged position, and the different position of frequency band energy is impaired loci；
(4.3) using the corresponding frequency band energy of impaired loci as the characteristics of image of pipe damage point.
Preferably, the acquisition methods of pipe damage degree table are as follows:
(a) the trained corresponding second feature parameter of underground piping each position is inputted into neural network, passes through image recognition Method obtains the distribution proportion that underground piping each position corresponds to the wavelet-packet energy of acoustical signal；
(b) the distribution ratio of wavelet-packet energy is carried out to trained underground piping each position corresponding with not damaged underground piping Example compares, and it is 0 that the identical position of the distribution proportion of wavelet-packet energy, which is degree of injury, and the distribution proportion of wavelet-packet energy is not identical Place be damage position；
(c) the energy height assessment degree of injury that wavelet packet character section is corresponded to according to damage position, obtains pipe damage journey Spend table.
Wherein, the energy height that damage position corresponds to wavelet packet character section represents pipe damage height；Damage position corresponds to small echo The energy of packet characteristic segments is low, and to represent pipe damage low；Specifically, as shown in Figure 2 or Figure 3, the frequency of source actively applied is lower to be f0, when the sound-source signal transmits in the duct, as shown in Fig. 2, in not damaged pipeline the frequency acoustical signal energy attenuation Compare slowly, and is generated without the signal energy of other frequency components；And when being transmitted in haveing damage pipeline, as shown in figure 3, One side frequency of source is f0Signal biggish decaying is had at damage position, on the other hand because damage presence, The acoustical signal of new frequency, the more a height of f of the frequency of the acoustical signal are produced in pipeline1, f1Size with damage position and pipeline ruler Very little difference and change, pass through damage position and spectrum component f0、f0Corresponding relationship model, can determine the position of pipe damage It sets.In conclusion can be positioned according to the features described above in spectrum energy-spatial distribution image to underground piping damage.
In the state of known pipe damage, using test data by the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal and pipe damage position Correspondence is set, so that the damage position of underground piping is characterized with different first eigenvectors, in the input layer of neural network model After inputting the acoustical signal fisrt feature parameter of actual measurement, first eigenvector is exported in its output layer to position underground piping Damage position.Therefore, the pipeline of damage position known to reality correspond to acoustical signal characteristic parameter it is more, the positioning to pipe damage It is more accurate；
Specifically, the acquisition of second feature parameter is specific as follows:
Acoustical signal is decomposed and reconstructed by wavelet transformation, and feature is carried out to every layer signal wavelet packet after decomposition It extracts, obtains different sections of wavelet-packet energy distribution, and be distributed according to the wavelet-packet energy of different location in underground piping, draw Wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map of pipeline different location；
Further, as shown in figure 4, small echo in the wavelet-packet energy distribution map of space each position, at damage position Packet Energy distribution is very different, and wherein pipe damage is located at the 7th and the 10th observation point, other observation points are not damaged；It will Wavelet-packet energy is divided into 8 frequency ranges, as shown in Figure 4 respectively v1、v2、v3、v4、v5、v6、v7、v8, wherein in damage position v1The energy of section will be much higher than other sections, and the Energy distribution of not damaged position does not have this feature, wherein v1The wavelet-packet energy of section Distribution proportion is related with degree of injury, and degree of injury is deeper, and energy more concentrates on v1Section.In conclusion wavelet packet can be passed through Energy distribution ratio assess pipe damage degree.
Using wavelet based space packet energy profile as second feature parameter.
As shown in figure 5, the present invention provides a kind of detection systems of underground piping damage, comprising: sequentially connected sound wave Flaw detection module, distributed fiberoptic sensor module, characteristic extracting module and detection module；
Sonic flaw detection module is coupled in underground piping for actively exciting controllable acoustical signal；
The frequency and amplitude of acoustical signal are adjusted according to the size and detecting distance of pipeline, the characteristic frequency of different size pipelines Difference, the frequency for regulating and controlling acoustical signal can be improved the sensitivity of measurement near characteristic frequency, and the amplitude for regulating and controlling acoustical signal can To improve the accuracy of judgement degree damaged to different distance.
The back scattering optical signal of distributing optical fiber sensing module input acquisition acoustical signal characteristic information；Output end will after Phase demodulating is carried out to scattered light signal, restores the corresponding acoustical signal time domain waveform of each position in underground piping；
Characteristic extracting module is used to calculate underground piping by the way that the time-domain information of the acoustical signal is carried out Fourier transformation The spectrum energy feature of different location acoustical signal obtains the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal；
Fisrt feature parameter is spectrum energy-spatial distribution image of underground piping different location acoustical signal；
And for carrying out wavelet function feedback to acoustical signal by wavelet transformation, obtain acoustical signal to be detected second is special Levy parameter；
The second feature parameter of acoustical signal is each wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map of underground piping to be detected；
Detection module obtains underground to be detected according to the fisrt feature parameter and pipe damage position table of acoustical signal to be detected The damage position of pipeline；
And according to the second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected, pipe damage degree table, underground piping to be detected is obtained Degree of injury；
Preferably, sonic flaw detection module is according to the frequency for regulating and controlling acoustical signal according to the actual size and damage information of underground piping Rate and amplitude；
The damage information includes the damage position and degree of injury of underground piping；
Due to different location, different degrees of damage in underground piping, due to the responsiveness and biography of different frequency acoustical signal Acoustic impedance difference is broadcast, therefore, can be promoted by the frequency and amplitude that regulate and control acoustical signal different degrees of to underground piping different location The detectivity of damage, to realize the real time on-line monitoring to long-distance pipe；
Specifically, the acoustical signal in distributing optical fiber sensing module Underground pipeline everywhere, and believe from rear orientation light The phase information of underground piping each position is demodulated in number, obtains the acoustical signal time domain waveform of each position in underground piping；
Preferably, characteristic extracting module is also used to carry out wavelet function feedback to acoustical signal by wavelet transformation, obtains The second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected；
The second feature parameter of acoustical signal is each wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map of underground piping to be detected；
Further, in practical application, detection model is used for corresponding by the underground piping of known Injured level Two groups of characteristic parameter data set training neural network models, two groups of characteristic parameters include 64 acoustical signal characteristic values, pass through PCA The method of (principal component analysis) is reduced to 6 dimensions, to the neural network model trained, inputs sound letter to be detected in its input layer Number two groups of characteristic parameters, the different characteristic Vector Evaluated pipeline health status of output layer.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include Within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of detection method of underground piping damage characterized by comprising
(1) back scattering optical signal in optical fiber is modulated using acoustical signal to be detected, obtains and carries acoustical signal information Back scattering optical signal；
The acoustical signal to be detected is coupled in underground piping, and generates for actively excitation；
(2) time-domain information of acoustical signal to be detected is obtained to the back scattering optical signal demodulation for carrying acoustical signal information；
(3) time-domain information of the acoustical signal is subjected to Fourier transformation, obtains the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected；
The fisrt feature parameter is spectrum energy-spatial distribution image of underground piping different location acoustical signal；
(4) it is input with the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected, according to the characteristics of image of pipe damage point, detects buried pipe The position of road damage.
2. detection method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the frequency and amplitude root of acoustical signal in the step (1) Change according to the actual size and damage information of underground piping；
The damage information includes the damage position and degree of injury of underground piping.
3. detection method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the step (3) includes:
(3.1) different location of underground piping is chosen, and Fu is carried out to the time-domain information of the underground piping each position acoustical signal In leaf transformation, obtain underground piping each position acoustical signal spectrum energy feature；
(3.2) according to the spectrum energy feature of each position acoustical signal, the frequency spectrum of underground piping different location acoustical signal is drawn Energy-spatial distribution image.
4. detection method as claimed in claim 1 or 3, which is characterized in that the image of pipe damage point described in step (4) is special The acquisition methods of sign are as follows:
(4.1) the trained corresponding fisrt feature parameter of underground piping each position is inputted into neural network, by image recognition side Method obtains the frequency band energy that underground piping each position corresponds to acoustical signal；
(4.2) to trained underground piping compared with the corresponding each position of not damaged underground piping carries out frequency band energy, frequency band energy Measuring identical position is not damaged position, and the different position of frequency band energy is impaired loci；
(4.3) using the corresponding frequency band energy of impaired loci as the characteristics of image of pipe damage point.
5. detection method as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: by wavelet transformation to the time domain of acoustical signal Information carries out wavelet packet character extraction, obtains the second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected；
The second feature parameter is wavelet-packet energy-spatial distribution map of underground piping；
It is input with the second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected, according to pipe damage degree table, evaluation of subterranean pipe damage Degree.
6. detection method as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the acquisition methods of the pipe damage degree table are as follows:
(a) the trained corresponding second feature parameter of underground piping each position is inputted into neural network, passes through image-recognizing method Obtain the distribution proportion that underground piping each position corresponds to the wavelet-packet energy of acoustical signal；
(b) the distribution proportion ratio of wavelet-packet energy is carried out to trained underground piping each position corresponding with not damaged underground piping Compared with it is 0 that the identical position of the distribution proportion of wavelet-packet energy, which is degree of injury, and the distribution proportion of wavelet-packet energy is differently Side is damage position；
(c) the energy height assessment degree of injury that wavelet packet character section is corresponded to according to damage position, obtains pipe damage degree table.
7. a kind of detection system of underground piping damage characterized by comprising sequentially connected sonic flaw detection module, distribution Formula fiber sensing module, characteristic extracting module and detection module；
The sonic flaw detection module is coupled in underground piping for actively exciting controllable acoustical signal；
The distributing optical fiber sensing module input acquires the back scattering optical signal with audible signal characteristic information；Output end Back scattering optical signal is subjected to phase demodulating, restores the corresponding acoustical signal time domain waveform of each position in underground piping；
It is different to calculate underground piping by the way that the time-domain information of the acoustical signal is carried out Fourier transformation for the characteristic extracting module The spectrum energy feature of position acoustical signal obtains the fisrt feature parameter of acoustical signal；
The fisrt feature parameter is spectrum energy-spatial distribution image of underground piping different location acoustical signal；
The detection module obtains to be checked according to the characteristics of image of fisrt feature parameter and the pipe damage point of acoustical signal to be detected Survey the damage position of underground piping；
Pipe damage position table is obtained according to damage position and the training of corresponding fisrt feature parameter.
8. detection system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the sonic flaw detection module is according to according to underground piping The frequency and amplitude of actual size and damage information regulation acoustical signal；
The damage information includes the damage position and degree of injury of underground piping.
9. detection system as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that the characteristic extracting module also passes through wavelet transformation Wavelet function feedback is carried out to acoustical signal, obtains the second feature parameter of acoustical signal to be detected；
The second feature parameter of the acoustical signal is each wavelet-packet energy distribution map of underground piping to be detected；
The detection module is also used to the second feature parameter according to acoustical signal to be detected, pipe damage degree table, obtains to be checked Survey the degree of injury of underground piping.
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