CN107489890B - System and method for detecting leakage sound wave of pipeline - Google Patents
System and method for detecting leakage sound wave of pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN107489890B CN107489890B CN201710928352.7A CN201710928352A CN107489890B CN 107489890 B CN107489890 B CN 107489890B CN 201710928352 A CN201710928352 A CN 201710928352A CN 107489890 B CN107489890 B CN 107489890B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
- F17D5/06—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss using electric or acoustic means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/005—Protection or supervision of installations of gas pipelines, e.g. alarm
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/24—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations
- G01M3/243—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations for pipes
Abstract
The invention discloses a pipeline leakage sound wave detection system which comprises a light source emission module, a signal analysis module and a detection module, wherein the light source emission module is connected with the signal analysis module and is responsible for emitting continuous optical signals, the signal analysis module is connected with the detection module and is responsible for transmitting the optical signals and converting the optical signals into sound wave signals, the detection module is responsible for modulating the sound wave signals generated by pipeline leakage through the optical signals and returning the modulated optical signals to the signal analysis module, and the signal analysis module converts the optical signals into the sound wave signals. The pipeline leakage acoustic wave detection system disclosed by the invention utilizes the Sagnac interference principle to carry out echo detection on acoustic wave signals generated by pipeline leakage through the optical fiber, and has the advantages of strong anti-interference performance, long transmission distance and high response speed. The invention also discloses a method for detecting the leakage sound wave of the pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular to a system and a method for detecting leakage sound waves of a pipeline.
Background
Pipelines are the primary means of transporting natural gas. Due to the reasons of pipeline aging, medium corrosion, improper construction, artificial damage and the like, in recent years, various acoustic wave explosion accidents of natural gas pipeline leakage occur all over the world, huge life and property losses are caused, and serious environmental pollution is caused.
When the pipeline breaks to generate leakage, the medium in the pipeline quickly gushes to the leakage position under the action of the pipeline pressure, and is sprayed out from the leakage position, and the sprayed medium rubs with the broken pipeline wall at a high speed to form vibration at the leakage position. The vibration can generate an acoustic wave signal, and a low-frequency signal of the acoustic wave signal can be transmitted along the pipeline in a long distance, so that leakage occurring at any position between two sensors can be detected and positioned as long as the sensors capable of detecting the leakage acoustic wave signal are arranged at two ends of the pipeline and the sensor signals are analyzed.
The detection accuracy depends on the response speed of the sensor and the transmission quality of signals, the current acoustic wave sensor applied to pipeline leakage is realized by adopting vibration and electronic conversion technology based on a physical principle, and the positioning process requires GPS time service and software calculation to realize leakage point positioning. The system response is lagged, is easily influenced by various electronic noise and mechanical vibration noise, and has complex structure and poor stability.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a pipeline leakage sound wave detection system which utilizes a double-path Sagnac optical fiber interference principle, performs signal sensing, transmission and analysis through optical fibers, can detect whether a pipeline is leaked, and achieves the effects of strong interference resistance, high response speed and long transmission distance by utilizing the characteristics of light.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides a pipeline leakage sound wave detection system, which comprises a light source emission module, a signal analysis module and a detection module, wherein the light source emission module is connected with the signal analysis module and is responsible for emitting continuous optical signals, the signal analysis module is connected with the detection module and is responsible for transmitting the optical signals and converting the optical signals into sound wave signals, the detection module is responsible for modulating the sound wave signals generated by pipeline leakage through the optical signals and returning the modulated optical signals to the signal analysis module, and the signal analysis module converts the optical signals into the sound wave signals.
As an improvement of the above-mentioned scheme, the light source emission module includes a light source emitter, a 3DB coupler, a first single mode fiber, a second single mode fiber, and a third single mode fiber; the light source emitter is connected with the 3DB coupler through the first single-mode fiber, and the 3DB coupler is connected with the second single-mode fiber and the third single-mode fiber and then used as the output end of the light source emitting module.
As an improvement of the above solution, the signal analysis module includes a first detector, a first circulator, a second detector, a second circulator, a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, where the first circulator and the second circulator are used as light source input ends of the signal analysis module, the first circulator is connected with the first detector and the first optical fiber, and the second circulator is connected with the second detector and the second optical fiber, respectively.
As an improvement of the above solution, the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber comprise a plurality of bundles of single-mode optical fibers.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the signal analysis module further comprises an armor sheath, wherein the armor sheath wraps the outer layers of the first single-mode optical fiber and the second single-mode optical fiber; the first circulator is connected with the first detector through a single mode fiber, and the second circulator is connected with the second detector through a single mode fiber.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the detection module comprises a first 3DB coupler, a first sensing fiber ring, a first single mode fiber, a second 3DB coupler, a second sensing fiber ring and a second single mode fiber, wherein the first 3DB coupler is connected with the first sensing fiber ring through the first single mode fiber, and the second 3DB coupler is connected with the second sensing fiber ring through the second single mode fiber.
As an improvement of the scheme, the first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring are wound on the pipeline to be tested and are at a certain distance. The first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring are wound on the pipeline to be tested and are at a certain distance.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a detection method based on the pipeline leakage acoustic wave detection system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, a light source transmitter in the light source transmitting module transmits continuous light signals to the coupler through the first single mode fiber, and two identical light signals are generated and then transmitted to the signal analysis module through the second single mode fiber and the third single mode fiber respectively;
s2, a first circulator and a second circulator in the signal analysis module respectively receive the optical signals and then respectively transmit the optical signals to the detection module through the first single-mode optical fiber and the second single-mode optical fiber in the signal analysis module;
s3, a first 3DB coupler and a second 3DB coupler in the detection module receive the optical signals, and the first 3DB coupler and the second 3DB coupler respectively transmit the optical signals to the first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring through the first single-mode optical fiber and the second single-mode optical fiber in the detection module;
s4, the first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring modulate the optical signals, and then the optical signals are transmitted back to a first circulator and a second circulator in the signal analysis module according to the paths of the steps S2 and S3;
s5, the first circulator and the second circulator respectively transmit the modulated optical signals to the first detector and the second detector to convert the modulated optical signals into sound wave signals.
As an improvement of the scheme, the sound wave signal generates a photoelastic effect with the optical signal when passing through the first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring, namely the optical signal is modulated. And when the acoustic wave signals pass through the first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring, the acoustic wave signals and the optical signals generate photoelastic effect, namely the optical signals are modulated.
The system and the method for detecting the pipeline leakage sound wave have the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the light source transmitting module is connected with the signal analyzing module and is responsible for transmitting continuous optical signals, the signal analyzing module is connected with the detecting module and is responsible for transmitting the optical signals and converting the optical signals into acoustic signals, the detecting module is responsible for modulating the acoustic signals generated by pipeline leakage through the optical signals and returning the modulated optical signals to the signal analyzing module, and the signal analyzing module converts the optical signals into the acoustic signals. The system and the method for detecting the pipeline leakage acoustic wave utilize the principle of the Sagnac interferometer, perform signal sensing and transmission through the optical fiber, and finally convert the signal into the acoustic wave signal to realize echo acquisition of the acoustic wave signal without GPS time service and radio data transmission, and have the advantages of strong anti-interference performance, high response speed and long transmission distance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment 1 of a pipe leakage acoustic detection system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of embodiment 1 of the pipe leakage acoustic detection system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method for detecting the leakage sound wave of the pipeline.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for detecting a leakage sound wave of a pipeline, which includes a light source emitting module 1, a signal analyzing module 2 and a detecting module 3, wherein an output end of the light source emitting module 1 is connected with a light source input end of the signal analyzing module 2, and the signal analyzing module 2 is connected with the detecting module 3. The light source emission module 1 comprises a light source emitter 101, a first single mode fiber 102, a 3DB coupler 103, a second single mode fiber 104 and a third single mode fiber 105; the light source transmitter 101 is connected to the 3DB coupler 103 through the first single mode fiber 102, and the 3DB coupler 103 is connected to the second single mode fiber 104 and the third single mode fiber 105 and then used as an output end of the light source transmitting module 1.
The signal analysis module 2 comprises a first circulator 201, a first detector 202, a first single mode fiber 203, a second circulator 204, a second detector 205 and a second single mode fiber 206; the first circulator 201 and the second circulator 204 are used as light source input ends of the signal analysis module 2, the first circulator 201 is connected with the first detector 202 and the first optical fiber 203 respectively, and the second circulator 204 is connected with the second detector 205 and the second optical fiber 206 respectively.
The signal analysis module 2 further comprises an armor sheath 207, and the armor sheath 207 is wrapped on the outer layers of the first single-mode optical fiber 203 and the second single-mode optical fiber 206.
The detection module 3 comprises a first 3DB coupler 301, a first single-mode fiber 302, a first sensing fiber loop 303, a second 3DB coupler 304, a second single-mode fiber 305 and a second sensing fiber loop 306; the first 3DB coupler 301 is connected to the first sensing fiber loop 303 through the first single mode fiber 302, and the second 3DB coupler 302 is connected to the second sensing fiber loop 306 through the second single mode fiber 305.
The following describes in detail the operation of the pipe leakage acoustic wave detection system according to the embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 and 2.
The light source transmitter 101 transmits a continuous coherent light signal, the continuous coherent light signal is transmitted to the 3DB coupler 103 through the first single mode fiber 102, and the 3DB coupler 103 equally divides the continuous coherent light signal into two light signals with equal energy, and the two light signals are respectively transmitted through the second single mode fiber 104 and the third single mode fiber 105. The first circulator 201 and the second circulator 204 respectively receive the two optical signals and respectively reach the first 3DB coupler 301 and the second 3DB coupler 304 through the first single mode optical fiber 203 and the second single mode optical fiber 206. The first and second 3DB couplers 301 and 304 transmit the optical signals to the first and second sensing fiber loops 303 and 306, respectively, through the first and second single mode fibers 302 and 305, respectively.
Preferably, the light source transmitter 101 uses coherent light with a wavelength of 1550 nm to transmit 10 milliwatt continuous coherent laser light.
When the pipeline breaks to generate leakage, the medium in the pipeline quickly gushes to the leakage position under the action of the pipeline pressure, and is sprayed out from the leakage position, and the sprayed medium rubs with the broken pipeline wall at a high speed to form vibration at the leakage position. The sound waves generated by this vibration propagate from the leak to both ends of the pipe. When the sound wave passes through the first sensing optical fiber ring 303 and the second sensing optical fiber ring 306, a photoelastic effect is generated, that is, interference light with different density degrees can be generated according to the distribution condition of pipeline stress, and it can be understood that the sound wave has a modulation effect on optical signals transmitted inside the first sensing optical fiber ring 303 and the second sensing optical fiber ring 306. The modulated optical signals are returned to the first 3DB coupler 301 and the second 3DB coupler 304, and transmitted to the first detector 202 and the second detector 205 via the first circulator 201 and the second circulator 204 to be converted into acoustic wave signals. The embodiment of the invention provides a pipeline leakage acoustic wave detection system, which utilizes the principle of a Sagnac interferometer, performs signal sensing and transmission through optical fibers and finally converts the signal into an acoustic wave signal to realize echo acquisition of the acoustic wave signal without GPS time service and radio data transmission, and has the advantages of strong anti-interference performance, high response speed and long transmission distance.
Referring to fig. 3, the embodiment of the invention further provides a detection method based on the above-mentioned pipeline leakage acoustic wave detection system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, a light source transmitter 101 in the light source transmitting module 1 transmits continuous optical signals to the 3DB coupler 103 through the first single mode fiber 102, and the two identical optical signals are respectively transmitted to the signal analyzing module 2 through the second single mode fiber 104 and the third single mode fiber 105 after being generated;
s2, a first circulator 201 and a second circulator 204 in the signal analysis module 2 respectively receive the optical signals and then respectively transmit the optical signals to the detection module 3 through the first single-mode optical fiber 203 and the second single-mode optical fiber 206 in the signal analysis module 2;
s3, a first 3DB coupler 301 and a second 3DB coupler 304 in the detection module 3 receive the optical signal, and the first 3DB coupler 301 and the second 3DB coupler 304 transmit the optical signal to the first sensing optical fiber ring 303 and the second sensing optical fiber ring 306 through the first single mode fiber 302 and the second single mode fiber 305 in the detection module 3, respectively;
s4, the first sensing optical fiber ring 303 and the second sensing optical fiber ring 306 modulate the optical signal, and then the optical signal is transmitted back to the first circulator 201 and the second circulator 204 in the signal analysis module 2 according to the paths of the steps S2 and S3;
s5, the first circulator 201 and the second circulator 204 respectively transmit the modulated optical signals to the first detector 202 and the second detector 205 to convert the modulated optical signals into sound wave signals.
When the acoustic wave signal passes through the first sensing optical fiber ring 303 and the second sensing optical fiber ring 306, the photoelastic effect is generated between the acoustic wave signal and the optical signal, namely, the optical signal is modulated.
The detection method described above is implemented by transmitting the continuous optical signal emitted by the light source emitter 101 to the first sensing fiber loop 303 and the second sensing fiber loop 306; and then, the acoustic wave signals generated by the pipeline vibration and the optical signals in the first sensing optical fiber ring 303 and the second sensing optical fiber ring 306 generate a photoelastic effect to modulate the optical signals, and the modulated optical signals are respectively transmitted to the first detector 202 and the second detector 205 through the first circulator 201 and the second circulator 204 to be converted into acoustic wave signals.
The embodiment of the invention provides a pipeline leakage sound wave detection method, which utilizes the principle of a Sagnac interferometer, performs signal sensing and transmission through optical fibers and finally converts the signal into a sound wave signal to realize echo acquisition of the sound wave signal without GPS time service and radio data transmission, and has the advantages of strong anti-interference performance, high response speed and long transmission distance.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are to be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. The system is characterized by comprising a light source emission module, a signal analysis module and a detection module, wherein the light source emission module is connected with the signal analysis module and is responsible for emitting continuous optical signals, the signal analysis module is connected with the detection module and is responsible for transmitting the optical signals and converting the optical signals into acoustic signals, the detection module is responsible for modulating the acoustic signals generated by pipeline leakage through the optical signals and returning the modulated optical signals to the signal analysis module, and the signal analysis module converts the optical signals into the acoustic signals;
the detection module comprises a first 3DB coupler, a first sensing optical fiber ring, a first single mode optical fiber, a second 3DB coupler, a second sensing optical fiber ring and a second single mode optical fiber, wherein the first 3DB coupler is connected with the first sensing optical fiber ring through the first single mode optical fiber, and the second 3DB coupler is connected with the second sensing optical fiber ring through the second single mode optical fiber;
the light source emission module comprises a light source emitter, a 3DB coupler, a first single mode fiber A, a second single mode fiber A and a third single mode fiber; the light source emitter is connected with the 3DB coupler through the first single-mode fiber A, and the 3DB coupler is connected with the second single-mode fiber A and the third single-mode fiber and then used as the output end of the light source emitting module;
the signal analysis module comprises a first detector, a first circulator, a second detector, a second circulator, a first optical fiber and a second optical fiber, wherein the first circulator and the second circulator are used as light source input ends of the signal analysis module, the first circulator is respectively connected with the first detector and the first optical fiber, and the second circulator is respectively connected with the second detector and the second optical fiber;
the signal analysis module further comprises an armor sheath, wherein the armor sheath wraps the outer layers of the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber; the first circulator is connected with the first detector through a single mode fiber, and the second circulator is connected with the second detector through a single mode fiber.
2. The pipe leakage acoustic detection system of claim 1, wherein said first optical fiber and said second optical fiber comprise a plurality of single mode optical fibers.
3. The pipe leakage acoustic wave detection system of claim 1, wherein the first sensing fiber loop and the second sensing fiber loop are both wrapped around the pipe under test and are spaced apart a distance.
4. A detection method based on the pipe leakage acoustic wave detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, a light source transmitter in the light source transmitting module transmits continuous light signals to the 3DB coupler through the first single mode fiber A, and two identical light signals are generated and then transmitted to the signal analysis module through the second single mode fiber A and the third single mode fiber A respectively;
s2, a first circulator and a second circulator in the signal analysis module respectively receive the optical signals and then respectively transmit the optical signals to the detection module through the first optical fiber and the second optical fiber in the signal analysis module;
s3, a first 3DB coupler and a second 3DB coupler in the detection module receive the optical signals, and the first 3DB coupler and the second 3DB coupler respectively transmit the optical signals to the first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring through the first single-mode optical fiber and the second single-mode optical fiber in the detection module;
s4, the first sensing optical fiber ring and the second sensing optical fiber ring modulate the optical signals, and then the optical signals are transmitted back to a first circulator and a second circulator in the signal analysis module according to the paths of the steps S2 and S3;
s5, the first circulator and the second circulator respectively transmit the modulated optical signals to the first detector and the second detector and convert the modulated optical signals into sound wave signals.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the acoustic wave signal passes through the first sensing fiber loop and the second sensing fiber loop to produce a photoelastic effect with the optical signal and modulate the optical signal.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| GB2573992A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-11-27 | Disonics Ltd | Leak detector |
| CN111578090B (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2021-07-13 | 河北新天科创新能源技术有限公司 | Natural gas line leakage detection device |
| CN112728422B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2023-03-14 | 苏州欣皓信息技术有限公司 | Leakage monitoring and positioning method and system for pipeline coated with distributed optical fiber |
| CN117307989B (en) * | 2023-11-30 | 2024-03-08 | 山东省科学院激光研究所 | Optical fiber pipeline leakage detection system and method |
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