CN110231100B - Temperature measuring piston and thermocouple installation method thereof - Google Patents
Temperature measuring piston and thermocouple installation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110231100B CN110231100B CN201910580898.7A CN201910580898A CN110231100B CN 110231100 B CN110231100 B CN 110231100B CN 201910580898 A CN201910580898 A CN 201910580898A CN 110231100 B CN110231100 B CN 110231100B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
- F02F3/10—Pistons having surface coverings
- F02F3/12—Pistons having surface coverings on piston heads
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
- G01K1/143—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations for measuring surface temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of thermocouple installation and discloses a temperature measuring piston and a thermocouple installation method thereof. The temperature measuring piston comprises a piston body and a thermocouple, wherein the thermocouple comprises an anode rod and a cathode rod, the anode rod and the cathode rod are integrated with the piston body through a melting layer when the melting layer is formed, and the anode rod and the cathode rod are electrically connected through the melting layer to form the thermocouple, so that the thermocouple and the piston body are integrated, the integrity of the top surface of the piston body is ensured, and the stability and the reliability of the connection of the thermocouple and the piston body are improved; meanwhile, the whole melting layer can be directly contacted with high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, so that the measuring end of the thermocouple is directly contacted with the high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, the measuring accuracy and stability of the thermocouple are improved, and the damage probability of the thermocouple is reduced; and the accuracy of thermocouple position setting is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermocouple installation, in particular to a temperature measuring piston and a thermocouple installation method thereof.
Background
During the operation of the engine piston, a thermocouple is usually used to measure the surface of the piston. The existing installation mode of the thermocouple is to punch holes at a piston measuring point after the piston is processed, and then manually install the thermocouple in the punched holes. However, the above method has the following problems:
1. when the piston is punched at the piston measuring point after the piston is machined, the problem that the distance between the piston measuring point and the surface of the piston is inaccurate exists, and the measuring precision of the thermocouple is influenced;
2. the connection stability between the thermocouple and the piston is easy to be problematic under the high-temperature and high-pressure gas stamping.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a temperature measuring piston and a thermocouple mounting method thereof, which can solve the problems of inaccurate mounting position of the existing thermocouple for the temperature measuring piston and the connection stability between the thermocouple and the piston.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a thermometric piston, comprising:
the piston comprises a piston body, wherein a melting layer integrated with the piston body is arranged on the top surface of the piston body;
the thermocouple comprises an anode rod and a cathode rod, one end of the anode rod and one end of the cathode rod are arranged in the piston inner cavity of the piston body, and the other end of the anode rod and the other end of the cathode rod penetrate through the piston body and extend out of the top surface of the piston body; the parts of the anode rod and the cathode rod, which extend out of the top surface of the piston body, are integrally arranged with the melting layer, and the anode rod and the cathode rod are electrically connected through the melting layer.
As a preferable technical scheme of the temperature measuring piston, the parts of the anode rod and the cathode rod which are arranged in the piston body are coated with insulating layers.
As a preferable technical solution of the above temperature measuring piston, the anode rod is made of nickel-chromium alloy, and the cathode rod is made of nickel-aluminum alloy or nickel-silicon alloy; or the anode bar is made of platinum-rhodium alloy, and the cathode bar is made of pure platinum; or the anode bar is made of pure copper or iron or nichrome, and the cathode bar is made of copper-nickel alloy; or the anode bar is made of nickel-chromium-silicon alloy, and the cathode bar is made of nickel-silicon alloy.
As a preferable technical solution of the above temperature measuring piston, a material of the melting layer is the same as a material of the anode rod or the cathode rod.
The invention also provides a thermocouple installation method of the temperature measuring piston, which comprises the following steps:
arranging the anode rod and the cathode rod in the piston body, so that one end of each of the anode rod and the cathode rod is arranged in the piston inner cavity of the piston body, and the other end of each of the anode rod and the cathode rod penetrates through the piston body and extends out of the top surface of the piston body;
and forming the melting layer on the top surface of the piston body, enabling the parts of the anode rod and the cathode rod extending out of the top surface of the piston body to be integrated with the melting layer, and enabling the anode rod and the cathode rod to be electrically connected through the melting layer to form the thermocouple.
As a preferable technical solution of the thermocouple installation method of the temperature measuring piston, before the step of disposing the anode rod and the cathode rod in the piston body, the method further includes: casting the piston body, and reserving at least one pair of embedded holes on the piston body, wherein one axial end of each embedded hole is communicated with a piston inner cavity of the piston body, and the other end of each embedded hole penetrates through the top surface of the piston body;
the step of disposing the anode rod and the cathode rod within the piston body includes: inserting the anode bar and the cathode bar into a pair of the pre-buried holes, respectively.
As a preferable technical solution of the thermocouple installation method of the temperature measuring piston, the step of disposing the anode rod and the cathode rod in the piston body includes: and the anode rod and the cathode rod are embedded with the piston body into a whole through a casting process.
As a preferable technical solution of the thermocouple installation method of the temperature measuring piston, before the step of disposing the anode rod and the cathode rod in the piston body, the method further includes:
and respectively carrying out insulation treatment on the parts of the anode bar and the cathode bar, which are arranged in the piston body.
As a preferable technical solution of the thermocouple installation method for the temperature measuring piston, the anode rod and the cathode rod are insulated by using ceramic, so that an insulating layer is formed on the outer surfaces of the anode rod and the cathode rod.
As a preferable technical scheme of the thermocouple installation method for the temperature measuring piston, the melting layer is formed on the top surface of the temperature measuring piston by using a surfacing welding process or a plating process or a high-temperature spraying process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the invention, when the melting layer is formed on the top surface of the piston body, the anode rod and the cathode rod are integrated with the piston body through the melting layer, and the anode rod and the cathode rod are electrically connected through the melting layer to form the thermocouple, so that the thermocouple and the piston body are integrated, the integrity of the top surface of the piston body is ensured, and the stability and reliability of the connection of the thermocouple and the piston body are improved; meanwhile, the whole melting layer can be directly contacted with high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, so that the measuring end of the thermocouple can be directly contacted with the high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, the measuring accuracy and stability of the thermocouple are improved, the damage probability of the thermocouple is reduced, and the accuracy of thermocouple position setting is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the contents of the embodiments of the present invention and the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermometric piston according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a thermocouple installation method for a temperature measuring piston according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flowchart of a thermocouple installation method for a temperature measuring piston according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a piston body; 2. a thermocouple; 21. an anode rod; 22. a cathode bar; 3. and (4) melting the layer.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems solved, the technical solutions adopted and the technical effects achieved by the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention are further described below by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some but not all of the elements associated with the present invention are shown in the drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature measuring piston provided in this embodiment, and as shown in fig. 1, the temperature measuring piston provided in this embodiment needs to perform a temperature test on the piston in a piston research and development process and needs to perform real-time measurement on the temperature of the top surface of the piston in an actual application process, and such a piston having a function of measuring the temperature of the top surface of the piston is called a temperature measuring piston. The temperature measuring piston comprises a piston body 1 and a thermocouple 2, wherein the top surface of the piston body 1 is provided with a melting layer 3 which is integrated with the piston body, the thermocouple 2 comprises an anode rod 21 and a cathode rod 22, one end of the anode rod 21 and one end of the cathode rod 22 are arranged in a piston inner cavity of the piston body 1, and the other end of the anode rod 21 and the other end of the cathode rod 22 penetrate through the piston body 1 and extend out of the top surface of the piston body 1; the portions of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 protruding from the top surface of the piston body 1 are provided integrally with the molten layer 3, and the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 are electrically connected through the molten layer 3.
In this embodiment, the melting layer 3 is formed on the top surface of the temperature measuring piston by a surfacing process, a plating process, or a high-temperature spraying process.
In the embodiment, when the melting layer 3 is formed, the piston body 1 and the melting layer 3 are integrated, the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 are integrated through the melting layer 3, and the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 are electrically connected through the melting layer 3 to form the thermocouple 2, so that the integration of the piston body 1 and the thermocouple 2 is realized, the integrity of the top surface of the piston body 1 is ensured, and the stability and the reliability of the connection of the thermocouple 2 and the piston body 1 are improved; meanwhile, the whole melting layer 3 can be directly contacted with high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, so that the measuring end of the thermocouple 2 is directly contacted with the high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas, and the measuring accuracy and stability of the thermocouple 2 are improved.
In this embodiment, the anode rod 21 is made of nickel-chromium alloy, and the cathode rod 22 is made of nickel-aluminum alloy or nickel-silicon alloy. Of course, the materials of the anode bar 21 and the cathode bar 22 are not limited to the above limitations, and the anode bar 21 may be made of platinum-rhodium alloy, the cathode bar 22 may be made of pure platinum material, or the anode bar 21 may be made of pure copper, iron, or nichrome, and the cathode bar 22 may be made of copper-nickel alloy, or the anode bar 21 may be made of nichrome, and the cathode bar 22 may be made of nickel-silicon alloy, and so on, which are not limited herein. The materials from which the anode and cathode rods 21, 22 are made may be selected according to the piston material and the requirements on the piston temperature.
In order to ensure that the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 can be electrically connected through the melting layer 3 and to ensure the stability of the connection between the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 and the melting layer 3, it is preferable that the melting layer 3 is made of the same material as the anode rod 21 or the cathode rod 22, and of course, the melting layer 3 may be made of other materials, and it is only necessary to ensure that the parts of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 extending out of the top surface of the piston body 1 can be integrated with the melting layer 3 in the process of forming the melting layer 3, and the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 are electrically connected to form the standard thermocouple 2.
The existing thermometric pistons mainly comprise two main types, wherein one type is cast by aluminum materials, and the other type is cast by steel materials. Both the aluminum piston and the steel piston are electrically conductive, so as to avoid short circuit of the thermocouple 2 caused by the direct electrical conduction between the piston body 1 and the anode rod 21 or the cathode rod 22. For this purpose, the present embodiment is covered with an insulating layer on the portions of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 disposed in the piston body 1. Preferably, the insulating layer is made of a ceramic material, and the ceramic material has good high temperature resistance and insulating property, so that the problem that the anode rod 21 or the cathode rod 22 is directly in conductive communication with the piston body 1 to damage the thermocouple 2 can be effectively solved.
The invention also provides a thermocouple installation method of the temperature measuring piston, and the installation methods of the corresponding thermocouples 2 are different due to different melting point temperatures of aluminum and steel. Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for mounting a thermocouple of a temperature measuring piston according to the present embodiment, and a method for mounting a thermocouple 2 of a piston body 1 made of an aluminum material will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
S11, respectively carrying out insulation treatment on the parts of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 in the piston body 1;
s12, the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 are embedded into a whole with the piston body 1 through a casting process, so that one end of the anode rod 21 and one end of the cathode rod 22 are arranged in the piston inner cavity of the piston body 1, and the other end of the anode rod 21 and the other end of the cathode rod 22 penetrate through the piston body 1 and extend out of the top surface of the piston body 1;
the top end of the piston body 1 is matched with an engine cylinder body, the other end of the piston body is connected with the connecting rod, the thermocouple 2 is provided with a measuring end and a wiring end, the measuring end is used for measuring the temperature of the top surface of the temperature measuring piston, and the wiring end is used for leading out a measuring signal of the measuring end. In order to avoid the terminal from interfering with the engine block, the terminal of the thermocouple 2 is usually led out from the inner cavity of the connecting rod on the piston body 1, and therefore, it is required that one axial end of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 is led out from the inner wall surface of the inner cavity of the piston body 1 for connecting the connecting rod.
As for the length of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 protruding from the top surface of the piston body 1, it can be determined according to actual requirements.
S13, forming a melting layer 3 on the top surface of the temperature measuring piston by adopting a surfacing welding process or a plating process or a high-temperature spraying process, integrating the parts of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 extending out of the top surface of the piston body 1 with the melting layer 3, and electrically connecting the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 through the melting layer 3 to form the thermocouple 2.
After the step S13, if the surface of the molten layer 3 is not flat or if the thickness of the molten layer 3 exceeds the requirement, the surface treatment may be performed on the flatness and thickness of the surface of the molten layer 3. And other processing processes for the thermometric piston surface in the prior art are also performed after step S13, and are not described herein.
The temperature measuring piston with the thermocouple 2 and the piston body 1 integrated as shown in the figure 1 is obtained by adopting the method, and the obtained thermocouple 2 is a K-type thermocouple, so that the preparation time of piston testing after mass production is reduced, and the detection efficiency is improved; the high-temperature and high-pressure fuel gas directly contacts the thermocouple 2, so that the measurement accuracy is improved; the temperature measuring piston with the thermocouple 2 and the piston body 1 integrated can reduce the damage probability of the thermocouple 2; the mode of pre-burying the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 improves the accuracy of the thermocouple 2 position setting, and avoids interference between the terminal of the thermocouple 2 and other structures in the piston body 1.
Example two
The difference between the first embodiment and the second embodiment is that the piston body 1 is made of a steel material, and because the melting point of steel is higher, if the manner of embedding the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 is adopted, the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 are melted, so that embedded holes for installing the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 are reserved when the piston body 1 is cast.
Fig. 3 is a flowchart of a method for installing a thermocouple of a temperature measuring piston according to the present embodiment, and the method for installing a thermocouple 2 of a piston body 1 made of a steel material will be described in detail with reference to fig. 3.
S21, casting the piston body 1, reserving at least one pair of pre-buried holes on the piston body 1, enabling one axial end of each pre-buried hole to be communicated with the piston inner cavity of the piston body 1, and enabling the other axial end to penetrate through the top surface of the piston body 1.
The embedded holes are arranged in pairs, and the number of the pairs of embedded holes can be determined according to the number of piston measuring points on the piston body 1.
S22, respectively carrying out insulation treatment on the parts of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 in the piston body 1;
in other embodiments of the present invention, the above steps S21 and S22 may be the same, or step S21 may be placed after step S22.
S23, placing one end of the anode rod 21 and one end of the cathode rod 22 in the piston cavity of the piston body 1, and respectively enabling the other ends of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 to penetrate through the corresponding pre-buried holes and extend out of the top surface of the piston body 1;
as for the length of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 protruding from the top surface of the piston body 1, it can be determined according to actual requirements.
S24, forming a melting layer 3 on the top surface of the temperature measuring piston by adopting a surfacing welding process or a plating process or a high-temperature spraying process, integrating the parts of the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 extending out of the top surface of the piston body 1 with the melting layer 3, and electrically connecting the anode rod 21 and the cathode rod 22 through the melting layer 3 to form the thermocouple 2.
By adopting the mode, the thermocouple 2 and the piston body 1 are integrated, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas impact does not influence the stability of the connection of the thermocouple 2 and the piston body 1, the accuracy of the position arrangement of the piston measuring point is improved, and repeated tests can be carried out on the temperature measuring piston.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Wherein the terms "first position" and "second position" are two different positions.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A thermocouple installation method of a temperature measuring piston is characterized in that the temperature measuring piston comprises the following steps:
the piston comprises a piston body (1), wherein a melting layer (3) integrated with the piston body (1) is arranged on the top surface of the piston body;
the thermocouple (2) comprises an anode rod (21) and a cathode rod (22), one end of the anode rod (21) and one end of the cathode rod (22) are arranged in the piston inner cavity of the piston body (1), and the other end of the anode rod (21) and the other end of the cathode rod penetrate through the piston body (1) and extend out of the top surface of the piston body (1); the parts of the anode bar (21) and the cathode bar (22) extending out of the top surface of the piston body (1) are integrally arranged with the melting layer (3), and the anode bar (21) and the cathode bar (22) are electrically connected through the melting layer (3);
the thermocouple installation method of the temperature measuring piston comprises the following steps:
arranging the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) in the piston body (1), so that one end of the anode rod (21) and one end of the cathode rod (22) are both arranged in a piston inner cavity of the piston body (1), and the other end of the anode rod (21) and the other end of the cathode rod penetrate through the piston body (1) and extend out of the top surface of the piston body (1);
and forming the melting layer (3) on the top surface of the piston body (1), integrating the parts of the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) extending out of the top surface of the piston body (1) with the melting layer (3), and electrically connecting the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) through the melting layer (3) to form the thermocouple (2).
2. The thermocouple installation method of the thermometric piston according to claim 1, wherein the portions of the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) placed inside the piston body (1) are coated with an insulating layer.
3. The thermocouple installation method of a thermometric piston according to claim 1, wherein said anode rod (21) is made of nichrome and said cathode rod (22) is made of nickel aluminum alloy or nickel silicon alloy; or the anode rod (21) is made of platinum-rhodium alloy and the cathode rod (22) is made of pure platinum; or the anode bar (21) is made of pure copper or iron or nichrome, and the cathode bar (22) is made of copper-nickel alloy; or the anode bar (21) is made of nickel-chromium-silicon alloy, and the cathode bar (22) is made of nickel-silicon alloy.
4. The thermocouple installation method of a thermometric piston according to claim 1, wherein the material of the molten layer (3) and the material of the anode rod (21) or the cathode rod (22) are the same.
5. The thermocouple installation method of a thermometric piston according to claim 1, wherein the step of disposing the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) in the piston body (1) further comprises: casting the piston body (1), and reserving at least one pair of pre-buried holes on the piston body (1);
the step of arranging the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) within the piston body (1) comprises: inserting the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) into a pair of the pre-buried holes, respectively.
6. The thermocouple installation method of a thermometric piston according to claim 1, wherein the step of disposing the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) inside the piston body (1) comprises: and (3) embedding the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) with the piston body (1) into a whole through a casting process.
7. The thermocouple installation method of a thermometric piston according to claim 4, wherein the step of disposing the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) in the piston body (1) further comprises:
and respectively carrying out insulation treatment on the parts of the anode bar (21) and the cathode bar (22) which are arranged in the piston body (1).
8. The thermocouple installation method of the thermometric piston according to claim 7, wherein the portions of the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) placed inside the piston body (1) are insulated with ceramic so that the outer surfaces of the anode rod (21) and the cathode rod (22) form an insulating layer.
9. The thermocouple installation method of a thermometric piston according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the molten layer (3) is formed on the top surface of the thermometric piston by a build-up welding process or a plating process or a high-temperature spraying process.
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| CN201910580898.7A CN110231100B (en) | 2019-06-29 | 2019-06-29 | Temperature measuring piston and thermocouple installation method thereof |
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| CN201910580898.7A CN110231100B (en) | 2019-06-29 | 2019-06-29 | Temperature measuring piston and thermocouple installation method thereof |
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| CN110231100B true CN110231100B (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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| CA1288173C (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1991-08-27 | Donald W. Daigle | Pressure and temperature sensor |
| KR100308956B1 (en) * | 1999-12-30 | 2001-09-26 | 이계안 | Thermo couple line of piston temperature measuring for internal combustion engine |
| CN106768445B (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2018-10-30 | 北京航空航天大学 | A kind of quick response temperature thermocouple |
| CN108151895A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-12 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of customized transient response temperature sensor of size and preparation method thereof |
| CN109612736A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of telemetry system and its measurement method of internal combustion engine top wall surface transient temperature |
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