CN110230510A - A kind of method of construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road - Google Patents
A kind of method of construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road Download PDFInfo
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- CN110230510A CN110230510A CN201910502303.6A CN201910502303A CN110230510A CN 110230510 A CN110230510 A CN 110230510A CN 201910502303 A CN201910502303 A CN 201910502303A CN 110230510 A CN110230510 A CN 110230510A
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- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 241001074085 Scophthalmus aquosus Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010437 gem Substances 0.000 claims description 9
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road, belong to coal mining technology field, solve the problems, such as that existing thick-layer compound roof coal road control difficulty is big, at high cost.Method of construction includes the following steps: step 1: verifying coal road thick-layer compound roof relaxation zone range using geological radar, determines multistage anchor structure regional scope and rock-bolt length；Step 2: dress anchor pole is bored in the top plate superficial part country rock of newly pick section, forms shallow-layer anchor structure；Step 3: boring long anchor cable in dress, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure；Step 4: boring dress long anchor cable, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring duplex.The present invention realizes effective control to thick-layer compound roof surrounding rock stability, promotes safety of coal mines, economy, efficiently production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of collaboration of coal mining technology field more particularly to thick-layer compound roof coal road anchoring is compound
The method of construction of structure.
Background technique
The many mining area seam minings in China frequently encounter lamellar composite top plate, since its joints development, interlayer c ohesion power are small,
Absciss layer, deformation and failure are easy to happen after roadway excavation.Especially thick-layer compound roof more shows that rock strength is low, interlayer holds
The features such as easy absciss layer, overall stability difference, and weak stratum cumulative thickness is larger, only by conventional anchor pole, anchorage cable anchoring mode
It is not able to satisfy the requirement of Roof Control, if control is improper often to occur roof fall accident.According to statistics, ratio occurs for such roof accident
Example accounts for the main body of coal mining accident sum, and casualties situation also can not look down upon.Therefore, thick-layer compound roof coal roadway rock stability
Control is one of technical problem urgently to be resolved both at home and abroad.
Currently, the control mode of coal mine roadway routine has anchor pole-anchorage cable anchoring, anchor pole-anchor cable-Anchor Care of frame canopy, frame canopy
Supporting and whitewashing, slip casting etc., these modes have played respective due effect at different conditions.But it is compound for thick-layer
For top plate coal road, to how by the anchoring of superficial part, medium and deep and deep rock stratum for the research of entirety and using there is also not
Foot, to reduce anchoring efficiency, can not achieve the stability of thick-layer compound roof coal road or other soft broken roadway surrounding rocks
Control.
Therefore, the collaborative design by anchoring variable and anchor structure mechanical property to anchor pole (rope) how is realized, in thickness
Being formed in layer compound roof, there is the collaboration of certain thickness, strength and stiffness to anchor duplex, to realize to such complexity
Effective control of soft lithology roof rock, reduces roof accident, to the control of realization improving stability of surrounding rocks in roadway and safety
Production is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned analysis, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of collaboration of thick-layer compound roof coal road anchors duplex
Method of construction, to solve the problems, such as that existing thick-layer compound roof coal road control difficulty is big, at high cost.
The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road, includes the following steps:
Step 1: verifying coal road thick-layer compound roof relaxation zone range using geological radar, determines multistage anchor structure area
Domain range and rock-bolt length；
Step 2: dress anchor pole is bored in the top plate superficial part country rock of newly pick section, forms shallow-layer anchor structure；
Step 3: boring long anchor cable in dress, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure；
Step 4: boring dress long anchor cable, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring duplex.
Further, in step 3, when the rate of deformation of shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass is gentle from fast steering, in
Long anchor cable carries out shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass with top plate medium and deep rock stratum to cooperate with anchoring, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure；
In step 4, when shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass rate of deformation tends to gentle, dress long anchor cable is bored, it will
Shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass cooperates with anchoring with top plate deep rock stratum, and it is multiple to form shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring
Formula structure.
Further, in step 1, the detecting location of thick-layer compound roof coal road, and cloth are first selected before geologic radar detection
Set detection line；According to roadway surrounding rock integrality, in 3 survey stations of every roadway layout, each survey station along tunnel move towards the right side of setting,
Top plate, it is left side, bottom plate 4 move towards detect line.
Further, it in step 2, when with arranging square drilling, first pressing anchor pole spacing brill and beating close to top plate axis of spindle or so
Then two squares of position are successively laid with steel mesh, set up rock bolt steel band, complete the installation of anchor pole.
Further, anchor pole, middle long anchor cable and long anchor cable are carried out using steel band chain；Wherein, anchor pole is carried out laterally
Continuous chain, the longitudinal interruption of centering long anchor cable progress is chain, be longitudinally continuous to long anchor cable chain, the latticed carrying knot of formation
Structure.
Further, anchor pole, middle long anchor cable, long anchor cable carry out the extensible bolting using Anchor Agent；Anchor Agent includes rapid anchor
Gu one or both of agent, middling speed Anchor Agent, and the Anchor Agent quickly solidified is mounted in bottom hole；The anchorage length of anchor pole is not less than
1000mm, the anchorage length of middle long anchor cable are not less than 2000mm, and the anchorage length of long anchor cable is not less than 2500mm.
Further, it completes after new pick section roofbolt brill fills to shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass deformation monitoring；In completion
After the brill dress of long anchor cable, to shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass deformation monitoring.
Further, in step 2, anchor pole is filled according to as lower angle bores: top plate helps the anchor pole and plumb line of fillet by two
Angle is 30 °, and two help to prick that angle is 15 °, to prick angle under the anchor pole of bottom be 30 °, remaining anchor pole on the anchor pole of the top
It is installed perpendicular to tunnel contour line；
In step 3, the jewel hole angle in middle long anchor cable hole and the angle of plumb line are 0 °；
In step 4, top plate is 30 ° by the long anchor cable of fillet and the angle of plumb line, remaining long anchor cable is perpendicular to tunnel
Contour line installation.
Further, rock-bolt length exceeds 300~500mm of Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels range；Middle long anchor cable length compares anchor pole
Long 1500~2000mm；Long 3000~the 4000mm of long anchor cable in long anchor cable length ratio.
Further, middle long anchor cable anchors into more complete top rock stratum, and long anchor cable anchors into depth of the deep compared with firm ground
Degree is greater than 1000mm.
Compared with prior art, the present invention one of at least has the advantages that:
A) method of construction of thick-layer compound roof coal road collaboration anchoring duplex provided by the invention, based on synergistic effect
Mechanism carries out collaborative design to multiple key variables of anchor pole, anchor cable, anchor net and roadway surrounding rock, using anchor pole, middle long anchor cable,
Long anchor cable carries out collaboration anchoring to the layering of back rock mass, forms collaboration anchoring duplex, has given full play to superficial part, middle depth
The collaboration anchorage effect of portion and deep rock stratum and collaboration load-carrying properties, more effectively between each rock stratum of impedance thick-layer compound roof
Absciss layer, broken and deformation, are obviously improved the bearing capacity and deformation resistance of the structure, and then realize steady to such roof rock
Qualitatively effectively control promotes safety of coal mines, economy, efficiently production.
B) thick-layer compound roof coal road provided by the invention collaboration anchoring duplex method of construction, using anchor pole,
Middle long anchor cable, long anchor cable carry out collaboration anchoring to the layering of back rock mass, form shallow-layer anchor structure, shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor
Fixing structure, shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring duplex, easy construction is easy, and Anchor Care is at low cost, solves complicated thickness
Layer compound roof coal road control problem, and be suitable for other soft broken engineering rock mass control, have it is biggish application and
Promotional value.
It in the present invention, can also be combined with each other between above-mentioned each technical solution, to realize more preferred assembled schemes.This
Other feature and advantage of invention will illustrate in the following description, also, certain advantages can become from specification it is aobvious and
It is clear to, or understand through the implementation of the invention.The objectives and other advantages of the invention can by specification, claims with
And it is achieved and obtained in specifically noted content in attached drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is only used for showing the purpose of specific embodiment, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, in entire attached drawing
In, identical reference symbol indicates identical component.
Fig. 1 is that Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels moves towards detection line arrangement schematic diagram in embodiment；
Fig. 2 is Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels horizontal detection line arrangement schematic diagram in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is collaboration anchoring duplex diagrammatic cross-section in embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged view in I region in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the partial enlarged view in II region in Fig. 3；
Collaboration anchoring duplex floor map in Fig. 6 embodiment.
Appended drawing reference:
1- anchor pole；Long anchor cable in 2-；3- long anchor cable；4- steel mesh；5- rock bolt steel band；6- anchor rod pallet board；7- nut；8-
Anchor cable steel band；9- anchor cable pallet；10- lockset；11- moves towards detection line；12- horizontal detection line.
Specific embodiment
Specifically describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein attached drawing constitutes the application a part, and
Together with embodiments of the present invention for illustrating the principle of the present invention, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
A specific embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road
Method of construction includes the following steps:
Step 1: coal road thick-layer compound roof relaxation zone range is verified using geological radar, according to top plate relaxation zone range
Determine multistage anchor structure regional scope and 1 length of anchor pole.Specifically comprise the following steps:
(1) detecting location of thick-layer compound roof coal road is first selected, and arranges detection line.Arrange that Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels is visited
Survey line is surveyed to carry out in accordance with the following steps: it is general, poor, poor according to roadway surrounding rock integrality situations such as every tunnel is divided into 3
Survey station, each survey station along tunnel move towards the right side of setting, top plate, left side, bottom plate 4 move towards to detect line 11, and every detects line
Length is 20m or so, as shown in Figure 1.Each survey station is evenly arranged 3 measuring points again, and edge is in each measuring point counterclockwise
Right side, top plate, left side, the bottom plate of the same section in tunnel form 4 horizontal detection lines 12, as shown in Fig. 2, needing to mark when being detected
The length of bright 4 detections line 12.
(2) completion detection line 11,12 cloth postpone, and are visited using geological radar equipment to underworkings wall rock loosening ring
It surveys, obtains detection data, wherein the quantity in tunnel need to be detected according to conditions down-hole and require specific determine.
(3) detection data handled, analyzed and is studied, obtain Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels detection result.
(4) according to the Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels detection result of acquisition, determine that multistage anchor structure regional scope and anchor pole 1 are long
Degree.Specifically, being classified according to Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels range size and the regularity of distribution to roadway surrounding rock structure, preferably will
Roadway surrounding rock is divided into three-level anchor structure, according to anchor structures at different levels and its range, determines anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2 and long anchor
The length of rope 3.Anchorage style in this step refers to: using anchor pole 1 to back superficial part country rock especially relaxation zone range
Rock mass carries out collaboration anchoring, shallow-layer anchor structure is formed, such as the a-quadrant in Fig. 3；Long anchor cable 2 is by 1 Bolted Rock Masses of anchor pole in
It carries out cooperateing with anchoring with top plate mid-deep strata rock mass, shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure is formed, such as the region A+B in Fig. 3；Using length
Anchor cable 3 cooperates with 1 Bolted Rock Masses of anchor pole, 2 Bolted Rock Masses of middle long anchor cable with top plate deep rock stratum anchoring at an entirety, is formed shallow
Layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring duplex, such as the region A+B+C in Fig. 3.
Step 2: dress anchor pole 1 is bored in the top plate superficial part country rock of newly pick section, forms shallow-layer anchor structure.
After roadway excavation, the rock stratum within the scope of back superficial part country rock especially relaxation zone is assisted using anchor pole 1
With anchoring, i.e., dress anchor pole 1 is bored in the top plate superficial part country rock of newly pick section, form shallow-layer anchor structure A.
Before carrying out anchor pole 1 and constructing, completes anchor pole 1 drilling and be laid with anchor net.Preferably, anchor net selects steel mesh 4, rule
Lattice can specifically be selected according to drift section size, and effectively overlapped and bundled by design specification.Specific step is as follows:
(1) according to the detection result of coal roadway rock relaxation zone, 1 length of anchor pole is selected.Preferably, 1 length of anchor pole exceeds lane
Road 300~500mm of wall rock loosening ring range.
(2) anchor pole 1 drilling, 1 length -50mm of drilling depth=anchor pole are carried out according to the length layout design of anchor pole 1.
Safety in view of roof and the installation for being conducive to steel band, when with arranging 1 drilling of anchor pole, first being beaten by 1 spacing of anchor pole brill and being leaned on
Two anchor poles 1 of nearly top plate axis of spindle left-right position, is then successively laid with steel mesh 4, rock bolt steel band 5, completes anchor pole 1
Installation.Anchor pole 1 is carried out using rock bolt steel band 5 along tunnel cross section continuous chain.
(3) it after completing anchor pole 1 drilling, according to 1 position of anchor pole that rock bolt steel band 5 is reserved, bores beat close to two respectively
1, two side anchor bars for helping fillet, and complete to install.Then again by also requiring that the brill for completing other anchor poles 1 of same section
Dress, the construction of other end face anchor poles 1 are also such.Wherein, the brill dress of anchor pole 1 is constructed according to following design angle: top plate helps shoulder by two
The anchor pole 1 at angle and the angle theta of plumb line2It is 30 °, two help to prick angle, θ on the top anchor pole 13It is 15 °, bottom anchor pole 1
Lower bundle angle, θ4It is 30 °, remaining anchor pole 1 is bored perpendicular to tunnel contour line and filled.
(4) according to each digging footage in tunnel, after completing all brill of anchor poles 1 dresses of new pick section, arrangement should as required immediately
Part rock mass deformation monitoring records related data and carries out processing, analysis.
In step 2, when anchor pole 1 is installed, the extensible bolting is carried out using mine resin Anchor Agent, anchorage length is not less than
1000mm, to meet high anchoring force request.Illustratively, using the quick anchoring agent of 2 long 500mm, setting time is 60~
70s can satisfy site operation requirement.After Anchor Agent stirs and condenses, 1 pallet 6 of anchor pole, nut 7 are installed, first use anchor pole
Nut 7 is bored reality by 1 drilling machine, then is tightened nut 7 with pneumatic wrench, until 1 pretightning force of roofbolt reaches 100kN or so, is helped
Anchor pole 1 pretightning force in portion's reaches 80kN or so.
Step 3: boring long anchor cable 2 in dress, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure.
After new pick section anchor pole 1 to be done is to the collaboration anchoring of back superficial part country rock, according to at-once monitor in step 2
Shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass deformation speed and deflection analyze the deformation rule of shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass, tie when shallow-layer anchors
When the rate of deformation of structure rock mass is gentle from fast steering, long anchor cable 2 is by shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass and top plate medium and deep in
Rock stratum carries out collaboration anchoring, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure A+B.Specific step is as follows:
(1) 2 layout design of long anchor cable in, 2 jewel hole of long anchor cable in progress.Middle 2 jewel hole of long anchor cable can be same with anchor pole 1
Step carries out, and can also successively be conducted batch-wise according to sequence of construction.The jewel hole angle in middle 2 hole of long anchor cable and the angle of plumb line are
00。
(2) according to the relaxation zone range of top plate coal road as a result, comprehensively considering 1 length of anchor pole, strata structure and thickness etc.
Factor selectes 2 length of middle long anchor cable.Preferably, middle 2 length of long anchor cable is 1500~2000mm longer than anchor pole 1, and need to anchor into
In whole top rock stratum.Middle 2 drillable length of long anchor cable=middle long anchor cable, 2 length -200mm.
(3) long anchor cable 2 takes the extensible bolting mode in, and using mine resin Anchor Agent, anchorage length is not less than 2000mm,
To meet high anchoring force request.Illustratively, using the resin anchoring agent of 4 long 500mm, wherein first by 2 quick anchoring agents
Load hole bottom, setting time are 60~70s；, 2 middling speed Anchor Agents are reloaded into, setting time is 90~100s；Then in implementing
The brill of long anchor cable 2 fills.
(4) after Anchor Agent stirs and condenses, anchor cable steel band 8, anchor cable pallet 9 and lockset 10 are installed in time, then use anchor
Cable stretching instrument carries out tensioning, until pretightning force reaches 150kN or so and completes installation.
In step 3, in completion after the brill dress of long anchor cable 2, carries out roof rock deformation monitoring as required immediately, record phase
It closes data and is handled, analyzed.
Step 4: boring dress long anchor cable 3, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring duplex.
After long anchor cable 2 bores dress in completion, according to at-once monitor shallow-layer in step 3-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass deformation speed
Degree and deflection analyze shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass deformation rule, when shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass
When rate of deformation tends to gentle, dress long anchor cable 3 is bored, and shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass is cooperateed with top plate deep rock stratum
Anchoring becomes an entirety, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring duplex A+B+C.Specific step is as follows:
(1) according to 3 layout design of long anchor cable, 3 jewel hole of long anchor cable is carried out.3 jewel hole of long anchor cable can be same with middle 2 jewel hole of long anchor cable
Step carries out, and can also successively be conducted batch-wise according to sequence of construction.Illustratively, long anchor cable 3 and vertical that top plate helps fillet by two
The angle theta of line1It is 30 °, remaining long anchor cable 3 is installed perpendicular to tunnel contour line.
(2) according to 3 length of roof strata structure determination long anchor cable.Preferably, long anchor cable 2 is long in 3 length ratio of long anchor cable
3000~4000mm, and deep can be anchored into and be greater than 1000mm compared with the depth of firm ground.The drillable length of long anchor cable 3=long anchor
3 length -200mm of rope.
(3) it carries out long anchor cable 3 by design scheme to install, long anchor cable 3 uses the extensible bolting mode, anchors using mine resin
Agent, anchorage length are not less than 2500mm, to meet high anchoring force request.Illustratively, using the resin anchoring of 5 long 500mm
Agent, wherein 2 quick anchoring agents are first put into bottom hole, setting time is 60~70s；3 middling speed Anchor Agents are reloaded into, are condensed
Time is 90~100s；Then implement the brill dress of long anchor cable 3.
(4) after Anchor Agent stirs and condenses, installation anchor cable steel band 8, anchor cable pallet 9 and lockset 10, then opened with anchor cable
Instrument is drawn to apply the pretightning force of 200kN or so to long anchor cable 3, to meet high pretightening force requirement.Long anchor cable 3 in the present embodiment uses
Along tunnel trend, to carry out continous way chain with steel band 8 for anchor cable.
In the present embodiment, anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2 are equal with the diameter of long anchor cable 3, anchor pole 1 (middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable
3) diameter, resin anchoring agent, bore diameter will meet three footpaths mate requirement, anchor pole 1 (middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3) diameter < tree
Rouge Anchor Agent diameter < bore diameter, and anchor pole 1 (middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3) and resin anchoring agent, resin anchoring agent and brill
The difference in diameter in hole, preferably to meet anchoring force request, improves the stability of anchor structure between 3~5mm.It uses
Resin anchoring agent is divided into two kinds of quick anchoring agent, middling speed Anchor Agent.Preferably, the setting time of quick anchoring agent is 60~70s,
The setting time of middling speed Anchor Agent is 90~100s, and Anchor Agent length is 500mm/ item, can preferably meet site operation and want
It asks.
Anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3, steel mesh 4, rock bolt steel band 5, anchor rod pallet board 6, spiral shell in the present embodiment
Mother 7, anchor cable steel band 8, anchor cable pallet 9, lockset 10 are constructed by Fig. 3 to Fig. 6.Illustratively, 6 specification of anchor rod pallet board is
150 × 150 × 10mm, 9 specification of anchor cable pallet are 300 × 300 × 20mm；It is all made of W steel band of model, 5 specification of rock bolt steel band is
220 × 2.5mm, the specification of anchor cable steel band 8 are 280 × 3.0mm.
The supporting that the present invention is directed to complicated thick-layer compound roof coal road innovatively proposes collaboration anchoring process, by right
Anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3 carry out in terms of boring dress opportunity, pretightning force size, anchorage length selection, brill dress
Collaborative design, is embodied in following several respects:
(1) anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3 deformation allow pressure and on installation opportunity realize collaboration, specifically, tunnel
After excavating and completing gib, dress anchor pole 1 is bored rapidly；To 1 Bolted Rock Masses rate of deformation of anchor pole from quickly tending towards stability and complete
At for the first time allow pressure when, immediately bore dress in long anchor cable 2；It tends towards stability to the deformation of middle 2 Bolted Rock Masses of long anchor cable and completes the secondary pressure that allows
When, dress long anchor cable 3 is bored immediately.
(2) anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3 realize collaboration in length, specifically, 1 length of anchor pole is enclosed beyond tunnel
300~500mm of rock relaxation zone range, middle 2 length of long anchor cable is 1500~2000mm longer than anchor pole 1, long anchor in 3 length ratio of long anchor cable
Rope 2 grows 3000~4000mm.By the cooperation of different anchoring materials, it is capable of forming more reasonable anchor structure, wherein
Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels geological radar on-site measurement.
(3) anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3 realize collaboration in pretightning force.Specifically, 1 pretightning force of roofbolt is
100kN, 1 pretightning force of side portion's anchor pole are 80kN, and middle 2 pretightning force of long anchor cable is 150kN, and 3 pretightning force of long anchor cable is 200kN, are passed through
Pretightning force gradually ascending application, can satisfy the requirement of high pretightening force and synergistic effect.
(4) anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3 realize collaboration in anchorage length and anchor force.The length that anchor pole 1 anchors
Degree is not less than 1000mm, and middle 2 anchorage length of long anchor cable is not less than 2000mm, and 3 anchorage length of long anchor cable is not less than 2500mm, can adopt
It is used with quick, middling speed Anchor Agent matching.Its anchoring is reasonably selected according to the length of anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2 and long anchor cable 3
Length can realize the coordination with high pretightening force while meeting high anchoring force request.
(5) anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3 realize collaboration on boring dress angle.Top plate by two help fillet anchor pole 1 with
The angle theta of plumb line2It is 30 °, two help to prick angle, θ on the top anchor pole 13For 15 °, the lower bundle angle, θ of bottom anchor pole 14For
30 °, remaining anchor pole 1 is installed perpendicular to tunnel contour line；The jewel hole angle in middle 2 hole of long anchor cable and the angle of plumb line are 00；Top
Plate two helps the angle theta of shoulder angular length anchor cable 3 Yu plumb line1It is 30 °, remaining anchor cable is installed perpendicular to tunnel contour line.It is above-mentioned
Angle design can form relatively uniform anchorage zone in tunnel-surrounding, effectively avoid fillet, formed at base angle and significantly answered
Power concentrated area.Meanwhile top plate leans on the anchor pole 1 of fillet, long anchor cable 3 to enter certain angle partially to portion, side, can play " oblique pull " work
With preventing top plate roof fall；FLOOR ANCHOR 1 is lower to prick certain angle, can effectively prevent pucking.
(6) anchor pole 1, middle long anchor cable 2, long anchor cable 3 realize collaboration in structure arrangement.Cross is carried out to anchor pole 1 using steel band
To continuous chain, centering long anchor cable 2 carry out it is longitudinal be interrupted it is chain, long anchor cable 3 be longitudinally continuous it is chain, in addition the work of anchor net
With, be capable of forming criss-cross latticed bearing structure, can be better achieved stress spread and uniformly carrying.
In addition, it is poor in view of thick-layer compound roof coal road mechanical property, it is improved in strict accordance with design scheme and related request
Construction quality, and reinforce field monitoring comprehensively determines that roadway surrounding rock is stablized by roadway deformation, the comprehensive data analysis such as to press
Character condition, with this to there are the problem of optimize and perfect, to form the compound knot of collaboration anchoring for being suitable for engineering fact
Structure.
Compared with prior art, the construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road provided in this embodiment
Method is based on Synergistic Mechanisms, carries out collaborative design to multiple key variables of anchor pole 1, anchor cable, anchor net and roadway surrounding rock,
By playing the synergistic effect between anchoring material, between anchoring material and rock stratum, ultimately form suitable for thick-layer compound roof
Collaboration anchor duplex, i.e., collaboration anchoring is carried out to back superficial part country rock especially relaxation zone rock mass using anchor pole 1,
Form shallow-layer anchor structure；1 Bolted Rock Masses of anchor pole are carried out cooperateing with anchoring, shape by long anchor cable 2 with top plate mid-deep strata rock mass in
At shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure；Using long anchor cable 3 by 1 Bolted Rock Masses of anchor pole, 2 Bolted Rock Masses of middle long anchor cable and top plate deep
Rock stratum collaboration anchoring forms the shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring with larger thickness, strength and stiffness at an entirety
Duplex, collaboration anchoring duplex have given full play to collaboration anchorage effect and the association of superficial part, medium and deep and deep rock stratum
Same load-carrying properties, more effectively the absciss layer between each rock stratum of impedance thick-layer compound roof, broken and deformation, are obviously improved the structure
Bearing capacity and deformation resistance, and then realize effective control to such roof rock stability, promote safety of coal mines, warp
Ji, efficiently production.This method easy construction is easy, and Anchor Care is at low cost, and the control for solving complicated thick-layer compound roof coal road is difficult
Topic, and it is suitable for the control of other soft broken engineering rock mass, there is biggish application and promotional value.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road, which is characterized in that including walking as follows
It is rapid:
Step 1: verifying coal road thick-layer compound roof relaxation zone range using geological radar, determines multistage anchor structure region model
It encloses and rock-bolt length；
Step 2: dress anchor pole is bored in the top plate superficial part country rock of newly pick section, forms shallow-layer anchor structure；
Step 3: boring long anchor cable in dress, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure；
Step 4: boring dress long anchor cable, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring duplex.
2. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
It is, in step 3, when the rate of deformation of shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass is gentle from fast steering, long anchor cable is by shallow-layer in
Anchor structure rock mass carries out cooperateing with anchoring with top plate medium and deep rock stratum, forms shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure；
In the step 4, when shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass rate of deformation tends to gentle, dress long anchor cable is bored, it will
Shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass cooperates with anchoring with top plate deep rock stratum, and it is multiple to form shallow-layer-mid-deep strata-deep layer collaboration anchoring
Formula structure.
3. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
It is, in step 1, the detecting location of thick-layer compound roof coal road is first selected before geologic radar detection, and arrange detection line；
According to roadway surrounding rock integrality, in 3 survey stations of every roadway layout, each survey station along tunnel move towards the right side of setting, top plate,
It is left side, bottom plate 4 move towards detect line.
4. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
It is, in step 2, when with arranging square drilling, first presses anchor pole spacing and boring two anchors beaten close to top plate axis of spindle left-right position
Then bar eye is successively laid with steel mesh, sets up rock bolt steel band, completes the installation of anchor pole.
5. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
It is, the anchor pole, middle long anchor cable and long anchor cable is carried out using steel band chain；
Wherein, laterally consecutive chain to anchor pole progress, it is chain to the middle longitudinal interruption of long anchor cable progress, to the long anchor
Suo Jinhang is longitudinally continuous chain, forms latticed bearing structure.
6. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
It is, the anchor pole, middle long anchor cable, long anchor cable carry out the extensible bolting using Anchor Agent；
The Anchor Agent includes one or both of quick anchoring agent, middling speed Anchor Agent, and the Anchor Agent quickly solidified
Mounted in bottom hole；
The anchorage length of the anchor pole is not less than 1000mm, and the anchorage length of the middle long anchor cable is not less than 2000mm, the length
The anchorage length of anchor cable is not less than 2500mm.
7. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
It is, completes after new pick section roofbolt brill fills to shallow-layer anchor structure rock mass deformation monitoring；
In completion after the brill dress of long anchor cable, to shallow-layer-mid-deep strata anchor structure rock mass deformation monitoring.
8. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
Be, in step 2, the anchor pole is bored according to such as lower angle and filled: the angle of anchor pole and plumb line that top plate helps fillet by two is
30 °, two help to prick that angle is 15 °, angle is pricked under the anchor pole of bottom is 30 ° on the anchor pole of the top, remaining anchor pole is perpendicular to lane
The installation of road contour line；
In step 3, the jewel hole angle in middle long anchor cable hole and the angle of plumb line are 0 °；
In step 4, top plate is 30 ° by the long anchor cable of fillet and the angle of plumb line, remaining long anchor cable is perpendicular to tunnel profile
Line installation.
9. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road according to claim 1, feature
It is, the rock-bolt length exceeds 300~500mm of Exploring Loose Rock Country in Tunnels range；
The middle long anchor cable length is 1500~2000mm longer than anchor pole；
Long 3000~the 4000mm of long anchor cable in the long anchor cable length ratio.
10. the method for construction of the collaboration anchoring duplex of thick-layer compound roof coal road described in -9 according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the middle long anchor cable anchors into more complete top rock stratum, and the long anchor cable anchors into depth of the deep compared with firm ground
Greater than 1000mm.
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