CN110230142B - Manufacturing method of woven structure resistance type carbon-containing fiber fabric sensor - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of woven structure resistance type carbon-containing fiber fabric sensor Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D15/00—Woven fabrics characterised by the material, structure or properties of the fibres, filaments, yarns, threads or other warp or weft elements used
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B7/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
- G01B7/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
- G01B7/18—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in resistance
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
- D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/02—Inorganic fibres based on oxides or oxide ceramics, e.g. silicates
- D10B2101/06—Glass
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
- D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
- D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
- D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
- D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
Abstract
The invention discloses a woven structure resistance type carbon-containing fiber fabric sensor and application thereof, wherein the fabric sensor comprises the following steps: the invention relates to the technical field of flexible electronic devices, functional and intelligent textiles, and discloses a method for manufacturing a sensor. The woven structure resistance type carbon fiber fabric sensor and the application thereof construct a deformable high-strength textile structure material by using the high-performance conductive carbon fiber and the high-performance dielectric fiber in a weaving mode, and realize the fabric sensor with the functions of strain sensing, electromagnetic shielding, frequency selection and the like by weaving a multi-layer structure and deformation thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of flexible electronic devices, functional and intelligent textiles, in particular to a manufacturing method of a woven structure resistance type carbon-containing fiber fabric sensor.
Background
Smart fabrics with sensing capabilities are valuable in a number of applications such as compression therapy monitoring, sensing glove function control recognition and motion sensing, hand posture and gesture monitoring, knee joint angle measurement, motion capture, stroke patient treatment assessment, lumbar curvature monitoring, body posture and gesture analysis, biomechanical variable monitoring, chronic cardiopulmonary disease monitoring, signs of cardiopulmonary monitoring, mental health relief monitoring and other health related applications.
Smart fabrics typically involve the coating of functional materials of traditional fabrics, such as conductive materials (e.g., carbon nanotubes, graphene, conductive polymers, etc.), but the durability of the coated fabric during the fabric laundering process is of concern. Another approach is to integrate sensors into the fabric, with concerns about sensor durability, single function, limited functional area, and cost. The invention relates to a different fabric sensor, namely a carbon fiber hybrid fabric with a woven structure is used as a sensor, and the sensor has the functions of strain sensing, electromagnetic shielding, frequency selection and the like, thereby overcoming the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a manufacturing method of a woven structure resistance type carbon-containing fiber fabric sensor, which solves the problems that the sensor has a strain sensing function and the functions of electromagnetic shielding and frequency selection are not complete.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of making a woven resistive carbon fiber-containing fabric sensor, the fabric sensor comprising the steps of:
step 1: selecting a high-performance dielectric fiber and a carbon fiber, weaving the high-performance dielectric fiber and the carbon fiber into a fabric to be used as a sensor main body, and testing and calculating the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, the frequency selection characteristic and the resistance strain characteristic of the sensor main body;
step 2: according to the required working frequency and the shielding effectiveness to be achieved, the electromagnetic shielding is realized by designing the weaving amount of the carbon fibers, and weaving the carbon fibers in the longitudinal direction and the latitudinal direction with the high-performance dielectric fibers to form a fabric sensor through the arrangement and the distribution uniformity of the carbon fibers in the longitudinal direction and the latitudinal direction;
and step 3: according to the shielding effectiveness and frequency selection requirements to be achieved, the electromagnetic shielding selection characteristic, namely high transmission of electromagnetic waves at specific frequency or high absorption of the specific frequency, is realized by mainly designing the arrangement of carbon fiber warp and weft and warp and weft dielectric fibers and the shape and size of a woven tissue unit and weaving the carbon fiber warp and weft dielectric fibers and the high-performance dielectric fibers into a fabric sensor according to the weaving amount of the carbon fiber;
and 4, step 4: according to the resistance strain characteristic required to be achieved, warp and weft carbon fibers are arranged in parallel, and are contacted and interwoven, namely, the contact quantity and the contact area are changed from the change of the distance generated during deformation to the change of the contact area, and then the contact and the slippage are generated during deformation, and the fabric sensor is woven with the high-performance dielectric fibers without the elongation of the carbon fibers, so that the fabric sensor with obvious resistance change and specific corresponding rules during the strains of stretching, acupressure, torsion, swing and the like is realized;
the carbon fibers and the dielectric fibers are high-performance fibers, the strength of the woven sensor fabric is not lower than 200MPa, and the sensor fabric can be used as a composite material base material.
Preferably, the woven fabric sensor comprises warp and weft carbon fibers, a warp and weft dielectric fiber mixed fabric and electrodes, the carbon fibers are woven into at least one of the warp direction and the weft direction of the sensing fabric, and at least two electrodes.
Preferably, on the premise that the carbon fiber is woven into at least one of the warp direction and the weft direction of the sensing fabric, the warp-direction carbon fiber (C) and the dielectric fiber (D) include, but are not limited to, C0: D1, which means that the carbon fiber is not penetrated and the dielectric fiber is completely penetrated, C1: D1, which means that 1 carbon fiber and 1 dielectric fiber are sequentially penetrated, C2: D2, C3: D3, C8: D8, C16: D16, C16: D16: C16: D16: C16: D16, etc. in different proportions and varied proportions, the weft-direction carbon fiber (C) and the dielectric fiber (D) include, but are not limited to, C16: D16, which means that the carbon fiber is not penetrated, the dielectric fiber is completely penetrated, C16: D16, C16: D16, the dielectric fiber and the like, the warp-direction carbon fiber and the dielectric fiber (C16: D) are sequentially penetrated, the weft-16: C16: 16, 16: C16: 16, 16, including but not limited to biaxial orthogonal weaving to form different carbon fiber weave unit shapes including but not limited to square, rectangular and mixed fabric with a grid structure with the weave unit size not less than 0.25cm of the width of the monofilament bundle.
Preferably, the electrodes include, but are not limited to, carbon fiber itself, conductive silver paint, metal welding electrodes, and the like.
Preferably, the weave structure includes, but is not limited to, simple plain weave, twill weave, and the like.
Preferably, the dielectric fiber comprises but is not limited to one or more of aramid fiber, glass fiber and other high-performance dielectric fibers in a blended mode, and the carbon fiber comprises but is not limited to carbon filament bundle, metal plating and other modified conductive carbon fibers;
preferably, before weaving the carbon fiber filament bundle, the carbon fiber is sized and finished by 5 to 10 percent of starch paste and 3 to 8 percent of acrylic acid paste.
Preferably, the resistance change rate can be 30% or more when the tensile strain is less than 0.4%.
Preferably, the carbon fiber penetrates in a single direction, and the sensing anisotropy is realized when the carbon fiber penetrates in the unit in the single direction or in a non-equal proportion; the functions of positioning, orientation and deformation sensing and orientation filtering can be realized;
the warp-direction all-carbon fibers, the weft-direction all-dielectric fibers and the plain weave are preferably woven into the sensor, and when stress action and strain are applied in the warp direction, the resistance is kept constant, namely deformation directional filtration is realized; and when the weft direction exerts the action and deforms, the resistance is increased along with the increase of the strain, and the stretching sensing monitoring function of the fabric sensor is realized.
Preferably, including but not limited to, when 4 electrodes in 2 pairs are applied in different directions, the positioning monitoring function including but not limited to the acupressure effect can be realized through the data of 2 pairs of electrodes.
Preferably, when the material is used as a reinforcing phase in high-strength composite materials such as bridge buildings, antennae, antenna covers, automobiles, high-speed trains and the like, the resistance is changed through strain and even fracture damage, so that the material health monitoring function of the fabric sensor is realized.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a method for manufacturing a woven structure resistance type carbon-containing fiber fabric sensor. The method has the following beneficial effects:
the manufacturing method of the woven structure resistance type carbon fiber fabric sensor comprises the steps of constructing a deformable high-strength textile structure material by using high-performance conductive carbon fibers and high-performance dielectric fibers in a weaving mode, and realizing the fabric sensor with the functions of strain sensing, electromagnetic shielding, frequency selection and the like by weaving a multi-layer structure and deformation thereof.
The manufacturing method of the woven structure resistance type carbon fiber fabric sensor is realized by a weaving process, has low production cost, various and stable functions and good benefit prospect, and is beneficial to wide application in the fields of military and civil electromagnetic shielding protection, human motion and protection monitoring, building health monitoring, functional and intelligent textiles and flexible electronics.
The fabric has a flexible textile structure, can realize the monitoring of strain such as stretching, acupressure, torsion, swing and the like by changing the structure and composition parameters such as the arrangement of carbon fibers/dielectric fibers, the shape and the size of an organization unit, the weaving amount of the carbon fibers and the like, simultaneously senses the anisotropy, and can realize the deformation directional filtration and the positioning monitoring sensing.
And (IV) the woven structure resistance type carbon fiber fabric sensor manufacturing method adopts high-performance conductive carbon fibers and high-performance dielectric fibers to construct a flexible textile structure, can realize shielding of electromagnetic waves, and can realize selective blocking shielding and permeation of the electromagnetic waves by changing interweaving arrangement of the carbon fibers/the dielectric fibers.
The fabric sensor adopts high-performance conductive carbon fibers and high-performance dielectric fibers, is formed by weaving, has high strength and modulus and good mechanical property, can bear the external stress of more than 1200 MPa at least, and can be used as a composite material reinforced base material.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the weaving of the fabric sensor of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a photograph and a schematic structural view of a sample of the carbon fiber/aramid fiber fabric sensor in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of a carbon fiber/glass cloth sensor and a schematic view of a texture structure thereof, and a photograph of a resin composite plate according to example 2;
fig. 4 is a data graph of electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of the carbon fiber/glass fabric sensor in example 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method of making a woven resistive carbon fiber-containing fabric sensor, the fabric sensor comprising the steps of:
step 1: selecting a high-performance dielectric fiber and a carbon fiber, weaving the high-performance dielectric fiber and the carbon fiber into a fabric to be used as a sensor main body, and testing and calculating the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, the frequency selection characteristic and the resistance strain characteristic of the sensor main body;
step 2: according to the required working frequency and the shielding effectiveness to be achieved, the electromagnetic shielding is realized by designing the weaving amount of the carbon fibers, and weaving the carbon fibers in the longitudinal direction and the latitudinal direction with the high-performance dielectric fibers to form a fabric sensor through the arrangement and the distribution uniformity of the carbon fibers in the longitudinal direction and the latitudinal direction;
and step 3: according to the shielding effectiveness and frequency selection requirements to be achieved, the electromagnetic shielding selection characteristic, namely high transmission of electromagnetic waves at specific frequency or high absorption of the specific frequency, is realized by mainly designing the arrangement of carbon fiber warp and weft and warp and weft dielectric fibers and the shape and size of a woven tissue unit and weaving the carbon fiber warp and weft dielectric fibers and the high-performance dielectric fibers into a fabric sensor according to the weaving amount of the carbon fiber;
and 4, step 4: according to the resistance strain characteristic required to be achieved, warp and weft carbon fibers are arranged in parallel, and are contacted and interwoven, namely, the contact quantity and the contact area are changed from the change of the distance generated during deformation to the change of the contact area, and then the contact and the slippage are generated during deformation, and the fabric sensor is woven with high-performance dielectric fibers without the elongation of the carbon fibers, so that the fabric sensor with obvious resistance change and specific corresponding rules during the strains of stretching, acupressure, torsion, swing and the like is realized;
the carbon fiber and the dielectric fiber are both high-performance fibers, the strength of the woven sensor fabric is not lower than 200MPa, and the sensor fabric can be used as a composite material base material.
The woven fabric sensor comprises warp and weft carbon fibers, warp and weft dielectric fiber mixed fabrics and electrodes, wherein the carbon fibers are at least woven into at least one of the warp direction and the weft direction of the sensing fabric, and the at least two electrodes.
On the premise that the carbon fibers are woven into at least one of the warp direction and the weft direction of the sensing fabric, the warp-direction carbon fibers (C) and the dielectric fibers (D) comprise, but are not limited to, C0: D1, which means that the carbon fibers are not penetrated and the dielectric fibers are all penetrated, C1: D1, which means that the warp-direction 1 carbon fibers and the dielectric fibers are penetrated in sequence, C2: D2, C3: D3, C8: D8, C16: D16, C16: D16: C16: D16, C16: D16: C16: D16, etc. are penetrated in sequence and are arranged in variable proportions, the weft-direction carbon fibers (C) and the dielectric fibers (D) comprise, but are not limited to, C16: D16, which means that the carbon fibers are not penetrated, all the dielectric fibers are penetrated, C16: D16: D16, 16: C16: D16: 16, 16: C16: D16: 16, 16: 16, 16: C16, including but not limited to biaxial orthogonal weaving to form different carbon fiber weave unit shapes including but not limited to square, rectangular and mixed fabric with a grid structure with the weave unit size not less than 0.25cm of the width of the monofilament bundle.
Electrodes include, but are not limited to, carbon fiber itself, conductive silver paint, metal welding electrodes, and the like.
Fabric weave structures include, but are not limited to, simple plain weave, twill weave, and the like.
The dielectric fiber comprises but is not limited to aramid fiber, glass fiber and one or more of high-performance dielectric fibers in a blending mode, and the carbon fiber comprises but is not limited to carbon filament bundle, metal plating and other modified conductive carbon fibers;
preferably, before weaving the carbon fiber filament bundle, the carbon fiber is sized and finished by 5 to 10 percent of starch paste and 3 to 8 percent of acrylic acid paste.
When the tensile strain is less than 0.4%, the resistance change rate can reach more than 30%.
The carbon fiber is penetrated in one direction, and when the carbon fiber is penetrated in one direction into the unit or is penetrated in unequal proportion, the sensing anisotropy is realized; the functions of positioning, orientation and deformation sensing and orientation filtering can be realized;
the warp-direction all-carbon fibers, the weft-direction all-dielectric fibers and the plain weave are preferably woven into the sensor, and when stress action and strain are applied in the warp direction, the resistance is kept constant, namely deformation directional filtration is realized; and when the weft direction exerts the action and deforms, the resistance is increased along with the increase of the strain, and the stretching sensing monitoring function of the fabric sensor is realized.
Including but not limited to, 4 electrodes in 2 pairs applied in different directions, the positioning monitoring function including but not limited to the acupressure effect can be realized through the data of 2 pairs of electrodes.
When the material is used as a reinforcing phase in high-strength composite materials such as bridge buildings, antennas, antenna covers, automobiles, high-speed trains and the like, resistance changes are caused by strain and even fracture damage, and thus the material health monitoring function of the fabric sensor is realized.
Example 1: with reference to fig. 1, a semi-automatic loom is used for weaving, model SGA 598. Before weaving, the kevlar fibers were sized with 5 wt.% acrylic size and 7 wt.% starch size, respectively.
With reference to fig. 2, carbon fiber tows and aramid fiber bundles (16 carbon fiber tows and 16 aramid fiber bundles penetrate through the warp and weft in sequence) are adopted for biaxial weaving (plain weave, 16 fibers per lattice, and the size of a weave unit is 2.0 × 2.0 cm). 3000 fibers/tow of carbon fiber tow, each carbon fiber (polyacrylonitrile-based, PYROFIL TR30S) having a diameter of 7 μm, a tensile modulus of 234 GPa, a tensile strength of 4120 MPa, and a tensile ductility of 1.8%. The aramid fiber bundle 3000 fibers/tow, each fiber (kevlar-129, dupont) having a diameter of 12 μm, a tensile modulus of 131 GPa, a tensile strength of 3.6GPa, and a tensile ductility of 2.8%.
The direct current resistance of a single fabric mixed unit along the stress direction is tested by adopting a 4-probe method (higher precision), each electrode is connected with a copper wire by conductive silver adhesive, and the electrodes are in a strip shape and stretch across the whole fabric sensor along the direction vertical to the stress axis. The outer two electrodes apply a constant current and the inner two electrodes measure the voltage. The mechanical testing system is adopted to apply and measure the strain and stress of the fabric, and the sample is insulated from the tensile fixture. The resistance, strain and stress are measured simultaneously and continuously digitally during the tensile deformation. And then the corresponding relation of piezoresistive effect between the resistance and the strain/stress of the fabric sensor is obtained. The piezoresistive effect relationship can be used for sensing and monitoring tensile strain and stress of the fabric sensor.
Table 1. piezoresistive effect corresponding relationship between the change of resistance in the warp direction (parallel arrangement of the carbon fiber in the weft direction in the test unit) and the tensile strain and stress of the fabric sensor shown in fig. 2;
TABLE 1
Example 2: with reference to fig. 4, a semi-automatic loom was used for weaving (model SGA598, debp, chan.). Before weaving, the carbon fibers were sized with 5 wt.% acrylic size and the glass fibers were sized with 6 wt.% starch size, respectively.
Carbon fiber tows and glass fiber bundles (2 carbon fiber tows penetrate through the warp direction and the weft direction in sequence and 2 glass fiber bundles) are adopted for biaxial weaving (plain weave, 4 carbon fiber tows penetrate through each grid, and the size of a weave unit is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5 cm). The carbon fiber tow parameters were the same as in example 1. The glass fiber bundle is high-dielectric E glass fiber (Nanjing glass fiber research institute), the diameter of each fiber is 3.5-4.0 mu m, the tensile modulus is 13.8 GPa, and the tensile strength is 3.6 GPa.
The corresponding relation between the resistance of the fabric sensor and the strain and stress is obtained, and the test and the characterization are the same as the example 1. For the characterization of the application of electromagnetic shielding, an insertion loss method was chosen according to ASTM D4935-99 standard to characterize all materials developed and studied in this work, taking into account the accuracy and reliability of the measurements. The samples were loaded into an Elgal Set 19A (Israel) shielding effectiveness test fixture whose design meets ASTM 4935 requirements. The fixture was connected to a 50 Ω impedance coaxial cable for connecting the signal generator test fixture to the HP8752C vector analyzer. The sample is in a ring shape with an outer diameter of 97 mm and an inner diameter of 32 mm, and the edge of the sample is coated with silver paint. The result of the representation of the electromagnetic interference shielding effect by the insertion loss method shows that the fabric sensor not only has high electromagnetic shielding effect (the shielding effectiveness is more than 35 dB at 0-1.5GHz full frequency band) and selective high-loss shielding (-65 dB) at the characteristic frequency of 7.2 GHz.
In addition, the fabric sensor can be used as a composite material reinforced phase base material, and is prepared into a composite material by compounding with resin and a molding process.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation. The use of the phrase "comprising one of the elements does not exclude the presence of other like elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A method for manufacturing a resistance type carbon-containing fiber fabric sensor with a woven structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the manufacturing method of the fabric sensor comprises the following steps:
1) selecting a high-performance dielectric fiber and a carbon fiber, weaving the high-performance dielectric fiber and the carbon fiber into a fabric to be used as a sensor main body, and testing and calculating the electromagnetic shielding effectiveness, the frequency selection characteristic and the resistance strain characteristic of the sensor main body;
2) according to the required working frequency and the shielding effectiveness to be achieved, the electromagnetic shielding is realized by designing the weaving amount of the carbon fibers, and weaving the carbon fibers in the longitudinal direction and the latitudinal direction with the high-performance dielectric fibers to form a fabric sensor through the arrangement and the distribution uniformity of the carbon fibers in the longitudinal direction and the latitudinal direction;
3) according to the shielding effectiveness and frequency selection requirements to be achieved, the electromagnetic shielding selection characteristic, namely high transmission of electromagnetic waves at specific frequency or high absorption of the specific frequency, is realized by mainly designing the arrangement of warp and weft carbon fibers and warp and weft dielectric fibers and weaving the shape and the size of an organization unit and then weaving the carbon fibers and the high-performance dielectric fibers into a fabric sensor by adjusting the weaving amount of the carbon fibers;
4) according to the resistance strain characteristic required to be achieved, warp and weft carbon fibers are arranged in parallel, and are contacted and interwoven, namely, the contact quantity and the contact area are changed when the distance is changed to deformation and then are contacted and slid when the contact area is changed to deformation through the deformation, and the fabric sensor is woven with the high-performance dielectric fibers without the elongation of the carbon fibers, so that the fabric sensor with the specific corresponding rule that the resistance is obviously changed when the strain is stretched, stabbed, twisted and swung is realized;
the carbon fiber and the dielectric fiber are both high-performance fibers, the strength of the woven sensor fabric is not lower than 200MPa, the sensor fabric can be used as a composite material base material, the dielectric fiber is one or more of aramid fiber and glass fiber high-performance dielectric fiber, the carbon fiber is carbon filament bundle or metal-plated modified conductive carbon fiber, before the carbon fiber filament bundle is woven, the carbon fiber is subjected to starching finishing by 5-10% of starch paste and 3-8% of acrylic pulp, the sensor is woven by warp-direction all-carbon fiber, weft-direction all-dielectric fiber and plain weave, and when stress action and strain are applied in the warp direction, the resistance is kept constant, namely deformation directional filtration is realized; and when the weft direction exerts the action and deforms, the resistance is increased along with the increase of the strain, and the stretching sensing monitoring function of the fabric sensor is realized.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: when the tensile strain is less than 0.4%, the resistance change rate can reach more than 30%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: when 2 pairs of 4 electrodes are applied in different directions, the positioning monitoring function of the acupressure effect can be realized through 2 pairs of electrode data.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: when the material is used as a reinforcing phase in high-strength composite materials of bridge buildings, antennas, antenna covers, automobiles or high-speed trains, the resistance is changed through strain and even fracture damage, so that the material health monitoring function of the fabric sensor is realized.
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| GB2584478B (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2024-02-21 | Bae Systems Plc | Sacrificial sensor |
| CN110672004A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-10 | 山东大学 | Strain sensor combining characteristics of fiber bragg grating and carbon fiber reinforced composite material |
| WO2021229396A1 (en) * | 2020-05-11 | 2021-11-18 | Lohia Corp Limited | An apparatus and a method for measuring width of moving fabric woven on a circular loom |
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