CN110222352A - A kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing - Google Patents
A kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110222352A CN110222352A CN201910119271.1A CN201910119271A CN110222352A CN 110222352 A CN110222352 A CN 110222352A CN 201910119271 A CN201910119271 A CN 201910119271A CN 110222352 A CN110222352 A CN 110222352A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
Abstract
A kind of annular pressure monitoring method that preventing sand setting bit freezing belongs to oil exploration well logging engineering drilling well exception monitoring technical field of research, other excavation industry such as is related to a kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing, while being also applied for underground heat, coal bed gas.The present invention provides a kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing, it is in order to realize the prevention to shale gas horizontal well drilling sand setting bit freezing, purpose is after chip off-falling quantity during termination of pumping and sedimentation in annular space distribution situation angle, wellbore construction technology is cleaned in conjunction with column has been beaten in drilling process, window is monitored by defining termination of pumping annular pressure, the annular pressure numerical value of chip off-falling quantity and chip off-falling in annular space distribution to annular clearance influence degree during termination of pumping can be reacted in acquisition window, according to the annular pressure variation in time series monitoring different windows, it takes decision to draw according to its variation tendency and draws number and circulation time length, chip off-falling is excluded in time, sand setting bit freezing is avoided to occur.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil exploration well logging engineering drilling well exception monitoring technical field of research, it is related to a kind of preventing sand setting
The annular pressure monitoring method of bit freezing, while other excavation industry such as be also applied for underground heat, coal bed gas.
Background technique
With continuing deeply for shale gas exploration and development, shale gas horizontal well technology obtains scale application, to the greatest extent may be used
Shale gas horizontal well well yield can be improved, it is desirable that during horizontal well drilling, drill bit is possessing compared with Thief zone ability as far as possible
Or have in the favo(u)rable target cabinet of the mud shale Fractured Zone that condition can be transformed and walk, guarantee enough horizontal section lengths.
But shale gas favo(u)rable target cabinet stratum is multiple to educate natural microcrack, and hard brittleness mechanical characteristics are presented, formation stability is poor,
The borehole wall, which is easy to peel off, in drilling process generates chip off-falling, if cannot in time exclude chip off-falling from annular circulation, may cause drilling well
Lock of tool drilling, so shale gas horizontal well drilling is under the premise of requiring well yield to maximize, it would be highly desirable to need to solve to hold in the borehole wall
Bit freezing risk is identified in flaky stratum.
76 mouthfuls of well well datas of Weiyuan, sichuan shale gas block are arranged by collecting, occur 34 mouthfuls of lock of tool drilling, by following
Ring reaming Treating Jammed Bit Accident loses time accounting 14%, wherein stuck, well filling or 21 mouthfuls of finishing drilling in advance, when seriously affecting drilling well
Effect increases drilling cost.By analyzing generation lock of tool drilling well, show that lock of tool drilling mostly occurs in and make a trip or stop
Pump above mentions period after connecing column, and stuck point majority smoothly, can above be mentioned tired at centralizer and drill bit with normal circulation, drilling tool decentralization
Difficulty, the reason is that upper formation, which peels off, generates chip off-falling, since drilling fluid loses carrying capacity and suspending power deficiency is led after termination of pumping
Chip off-falling is caused to be deposited in the narrow place of annular clearance, chip off-falling and drilling tool and borehole wall hard contact cause sand setting bit freezing to be sent out when above mentioning drilling tool
It is raw.
It is on Fissile Shale stratum due to making a trip or boring during connecing column that upper formation, which peels off the reason of generating chip off-falling,
Since circulating pressure leads to the presence or absence of shaft bottom additonal pressure during pressure oscillation, turn on pump and termination of pumping that tool raises and decentralizes generation,
Cause the variation of the difference of bottom pressure and formation collapsed pressure and the mobile mechanical collision to Fissile Shale stratum of drilling tool.Cause
Chip off-falling exists after borehole wall flake-off number of blocks and termination of pumping during key of this prevention shale gas drilling well sand setting bit freezing is monitoring termination of pumping
The distribution situation in annular space that drilling tool and the borehole wall are formed.
The borehole wall can not be also directly measured at present peels off chip off-falling severity, but downhole parameters acquisition technique mature,
It has been able to successfully realize with drilling collection downhole annulus pressure data, and has the ability for being real-time transmitted to ground.Due to ring
The quantity of empty chip off-falling and affect the size of annular pressure in the distribution situation of annular space, can establish with jumping through rings pneumatics force data with
The borehole wall peels off chip off-falling severity characterization of relation during termination of pumping, realizes and prevents shale gas drilling well sand setting lock of tool drilling.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of annular pressure monitoring side for preventing sand setting bit freezing aiming at defect of the existing technology
Method, in order to realize the prevention to shale gas horizontal well drilling sand setting bit freezing, it is therefore an objective to from chip off-falling quantity and sedimentation during termination of pumping
Afterwards in annular space distribution situation angle, in conjunction with column cleaning wellbore construction technology has been beaten in drilling process, by defining termination of pumping annular space
Pressure monitoring window, chip off-falling quantity and chip off-falling influence annular clearance in annular space distribution during termination of pumping can be reacted in acquisition window
The annular pressure numerical value of degree changes according to the annular pressure in time series monitoring different windows, is adopted according to its variation tendency
Depend on that fixed draw draws number and circulation time length, excludes chip off-falling in time, sand setting bit freezing is avoided to occur.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing, including following
Step:
Step 1: showing that the variation of equivalent drilling fluid density on a timeline is closed in certain time using annular pressure monitoring Window Table
System determines minimum pass pump pressure Pmin, most high point pump pressure Pmax, averagely close pump pressure Pave, termination of pumping and when turn on pump state, termination of pumping
Between T；
Step 2: can show that annular pressure monitors window ((P according to step 1min,Pmax), (Toff,Ton)), Pmax-PminIt indicates
Window height, Ton-ToffIndicate window width；
Annular pressure monitors window by chip off-falling quantity windows ((Pmin, Pave), (Toff, Tave)) and chip off-falling distribution window ((Pave,
Pmax), (Tave ,Tmax)) two sub- window compositions, Pave -PminIt can indicate annular space chip off-falling quantity during termination of pumping, Pmax–PaveIt can
Annular space chip off-falling distribution situation during instruction termination of pumping, according to Pave -PminAnd Pmax –PaveSand setting bit freezing can be evaluated in data variation relationship
Risk.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, minimum to close pump pressure Pmin: due to making a trip and connecing the column phase during termination of pumping
Between drilling tool annular pressure value (P when above mentioning swabbing pressure caused by axial movementmin, Tmin)；
Most high point pump pressure Pmax: so that drilling fluid is restored circulation and cause the annular pressure value that measures when surge pressure, generation by stopping
Pump turn on pump moment (Pmax, Tmax)；
Averagely close pump pressure Pave: the annular pressure average value (P measured in the static stable certain time of drilling tool during termination of pumpingave,
Tave)；
Termination of pumping and turn on pump state: hydrophthalmia pressure is P in measurement drilling tooli, measurement annular pressure is Pa, work as Pi=PaWhen judgement be termination of pumping
State works as Pi>PaIt is to judge to be turn on pump state, works as Pi<PaWhen judgement be pressure anomaly；
Termination of pumping time T: according to termination of pumping and turn on pump state, from the termination of pumping moment T of judgementoff, until next turn on pump moment Ton, Ton-
ToffIt is exactly termination of pumping time T.
As another preferred embodiment of the invention, in the step 2, work as Pave-PminAnd Pmax–PaveIncrease simultaneously
Main trend indicates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is more, and annular space chip off-falling size is larger, influences serious, sand setting bit freezing during termination of pumping on czermak space
Risk is high；
Work as Pave -PminAppearance reduction trend, and Pmax–PaveThere is increase tendency, although illustrating that annular space chip off-falling quantity is few,
Annular space chip off-falling size is larger, influences to be affected to annular clearance during termination of pumping, sand setting bit freezing risk is higher；
Work as Pave-PminThere is increase tendency, Pmax–PaveThere is reduction trend, illustrates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is more, but annular space chip off-falling
Size is smaller, influences smaller reduction to empty gap during termination of pumping, and sand setting bit freezing risk is lower；
Work as Pave -PminAnd Pmax–PaveThere is reduction trend simultaneously, illustrates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is few, do not cause annular space during termination of pumping
Gap reduces, and sand setting bit freezing risk is low.
Beneficial effect of the present invention compared with prior art.
The invention proposes the fields that annular pressure monitoring technology is used for sand setting bit freezing, propose annular pressure window and catch
Method is caught, annular pressure data and sand setting bit freezing risk characterization scientific evaluation method are established, from Annular Cuttings number during termination of pumping
Amount and Annular Cuttings, which are distributed two aspects, realizes sand setting bit freezing Risk Monitoring and evaluation, helps to prevent shale gas Horizontal Well Drilling
Well lock of tool drilling occurs.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.The scope of the present invention not only limits to
In the statement of the following contents.
Annular pressure monitors window schematic diagram during Fig. 1 is termination of pumping of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is annular pressure monitoring method process step figure of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention design one kind with jumping through rings pneumatics force monitoring methods, technological core be annular pressure monitoring window capture and
Sand setting bit freezing risk assessment.
1, annular pressure monitoring window captures: annular pressure and drilling fluid density, the wellhead back pressure measured under termination of pumping state
It is related with annular space chip off-falling (or drilling cuttings) quantity, therefore when drilling fluid density and constant wellhead back pressure, it is measured under termination of pumping state
Annular pressure size can directly react annular space chip off-falling quantity；In the annular pressure size and brill of the instantaneous measurement of termination of pumping to turn on pump
Well liquid structural capacity, wellhead back pressure and keep the power that suspends again of chip off-falling of sedimentation related, and the chip off-falling of sedimentation is made to suspend again needs
Power and chip off-falling it is related (influencing annular clearance) in annular space distribution situation, therefore when drilling fluid structural capacity and wellhead back pressure are constant
When, chip off-falling can be directly reacted in annular space distribution situation in the annular pressure size of the instantaneous measurement of termination of pumping to turn on pump.By fixed
Adopted annular pressure monitoring window cause for gossip shows the annular pressure measured during termination of pumping can compare in time series, and can characterize
Influence degree of the block to sand setting bit freezing.In order to facilitate field engineering application, annular pressure is converted into equivalent drilling fluid density, because
This annular pressure monitoring window means that the variation relation of equivalent drilling fluid density on a timeline in certain time, determines annular space
Pressure monitoring window method is to determine minimum pass pump pressure, most high point pump pressure, averagely close pump pressure, termination of pumping and turn on pump state and stop
Pump the time.
1.1 minimum pass pump pressure Pmin: during termination of pumping due to during making a trip and connecing column drilling tool above propose axial movement and draw
Annular pressure value (P when playing swabbing pressuremin, Tmin).
1.2 most high point pump pressure Pmax: so that drilling fluid is restored the annular pressure value that circulation causes to measure when surge pressure, hair
It is raw by termination of pumping to turn on pump moment (Pmax, Tmax).
1.3 averagely close pump pressure Pave: the annular pressure measured in the static stable certain time of drilling tool during termination of pumping is average
It is worth (Pave, Tave).
1.4 terminations of pumping and turn on pump state: hydrophthalmia pressure is P in measurement drilling tooli, measurement annular pressure is Pa, work as Pi=PaWhen sentence
Disconnected is termination of pumping state, works as Pi>PaIt is to judge to be turn on pump state, works as Pi<PaWhen judgement be pressure anomaly.
1.5 termination of pumping time T: according to termination of pumping in 1.4 and turn on pump status method, from the termination of pumping moment T of judgementoff, under
Secondary turn on pump moment Ton, then Ton-ToffIt is exactly termination of pumping time T.
2, sand setting bit freezing risk assessment: according to above-mentioned determining method, it can be deduced that annular pressure monitors window ((Pmin,
Pmax), (Toff,Ton)), Pmax-PminIndicate window height, Ton-ToffIndicate window width.Annular pressure monitors window by chip off-falling
Quantity windows ((Pmin, Pave), (Toff, Tave)) and chip off-falling distribution window ((Pave, Pmax), (Tave ,Tmax)) two sub- windows
Mouth composition, Pave -PminIt can indicate annular space chip off-falling quantity during termination of pumping, Pmax –PaveIt can indicate annular space chip off-falling during termination of pumping
Distribution situation, according to Pave -PminAnd Pmax –PaveData variation relationship can evaluate sand setting bit freezing risk.
2.1 work as Pave -PminAnd Pmax –PaveThere is increase tendency simultaneously, illustrates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is more, annular space chip off-falling
Size is larger, influences serious, sand setting bit freezing risk height during termination of pumping on czermak space.
2.2 work as Pave -PminThere is reduction trend,And Pmax –PaveThere is increase tendency, although illustrating annular space chip off-falling number
Amount is few, but annular space chip off-falling size is larger, influences to be affected to annular clearance during termination of pumping, sand setting bit freezing risk is higher；
2.3 work as Pave -PminThere is increase tendency,Pmax–PaveThere is reduction trend, illustrates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is more, but ring
Empty chip off-falling size is smaller, influences smaller reduction to empty gap during termination of pumping, and sand setting bit freezing risk is lower；
2.4 work as Pave -PminAnd Pmax–PaveThere is reduction trend simultaneously, illustrates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is few, do not caused during termination of pumping
Annular clearance reduces, and sand setting bit freezing risk is low.
A kind of specific embodiment is provided.
As shown in Figs. 1-2, once make up a joint process annular pressure measurement data and time curve, horizontal seat in figure are indicated
Mark indicates the time, and ordinate is the annular pressure numerical value that density indicates, red rectangle frame is exactly annular pressure monitoring window, curve
Upper red star representation most high point pump pressure, blue star representation minimum close pump pressure, green star representation be averaged after be averaged
Pump pressure is closed, specific annular pressure monitoring method process step is as follows:
1, annular pressure and drilling tool water hole measurement data are read, first determines whether that annular pressure and drilling tool water hole pressure size relationship are used
It is slowly to decline from turn on pump to annular pressure variation characteristic when termination of pumping, until being equal to drilling tool to identify termination of pumping and close pump state
Hydrophthalmia pressure, record this moment T1As window left margin, annular pressure variation characteristic is gradually when from termination of pumping to turn on pump
It is increased to maximum value slowly to drop to and tend towards stability, records and stablize moment T2As window right margin；
2, between the left and right boundary of window, by comparing size relation between data, minimum annular pressure numerical value (P is found outMin,
Tmin),PminAs window lower edge P1, find out maximum annular pressure numerical value (PMax,Tmax),PmaxAs window upper edge P2,
TminAnd TmaxBetween the variation of data ring pneumatics force data stablize during take 5 annular pressure statistical averages as average annular space pressures
Power numerical value (PAve,T ave)；
3, P is calculatedave -PminValue PdFor monitoring chip off-falling in the quantity of annular space, P is calculatedmax –PaveValue PsExist for monitoring chip off-falling
Annular space distribution situation；The process P that all makes up a joint is obtained to actual measurement annular pressure Data duplication above-mentioned stepsdAnd PsValue, according to the time
Axis draws PdAnd PsCurve, and to two curve real-time monitorings；
4, by sand setting bit freezing risk class define four grades, be respectively it is high, more high and low, lower, if PD andPsCurve is simultaneously
Increase, prompts sand setting bit freezing risk class high；If PdCurve reduces, PsCurve increase, prompt sand setting bit freezing risk class compared with
It is high；If PdCurve increases, PsCurve reduces, and prompts sand setting bit freezing risk class low；If PD andPsCurve reduces simultaneously, prompts
Sand setting bit freezing risk class is lower.During live practice of construction, wellbore clean operation strategy is formulated according to indicating risk grade,
Prevent sand setting bit freezing from occurring.
It is understood that being merely to illustrate the present invention above with respect to specific descriptions of the invention and being not limited to this
Technical solution described in inventive embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that, still the present invention can be carried out
Modification or equivalent replacement, to reach identical technical effect；As long as meet use needs, all protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1: showing that the variation of equivalent drilling fluid density on a timeline is closed in certain time using annular pressure monitoring Window Table
System determines minimum pass pump pressure Pmin, most high point pump pressure Pmax, averagely close pump pressure Pave, termination of pumping and when turn on pump state, termination of pumping
Between T；
Step 2: can show that annular pressure monitors window ((P according to step 1min,Pmax), (Toff,Ton)), Pmax-PminIt indicates
Window height, Ton-ToffIndicate window width；
Annular pressure monitors window by chip off-falling quantity windows ((Pmin, Pave), (Toff, Tave)) and chip off-falling distribution window ((Pave,
Pmax), (Tave ,Tmax)) two sub- window compositions, Pave -PminIt can indicate annular space chip off-falling quantity during termination of pumping, Pmax–PaveIt can
Annular space chip off-falling distribution situation during instruction termination of pumping, according to Pave -PminAnd Pmax –PaveSand setting bit freezing can be evaluated in data variation relationship
Risk.
2. a kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that minimum closes pump
Pressure Pmin: during termination of pumping due to during making a trip and connecing column drilling tool above mention axial movement caused by swabbing pressure when annular space pressure
Force value (Pmin, Tmin)；
Most high point pump pressure Pmax: so that drilling fluid is restored circulation and cause the annular pressure value that measures when surge pressure, generation by stopping
Pump turn on pump moment (Pmax, Tmax)；
Averagely close pump pressure Pave: the annular pressure average value (P measured in the static stable certain time of drilling tool during termination of pumpingave,
Tave)；
Termination of pumping and turn on pump state: hydrophthalmia pressure is P in measurement drilling tooli, measurement annular pressure is Pa, work as Pi=PaWhen judgement be termination of pumping
State works as Pi>PaIt is to judge to be turn on pump state, works as Pi<PaWhen judgement be pressure anomaly；
Termination of pumping time T: according to termination of pumping and turn on pump state, from the termination of pumping moment T of judgementoff, until next turn on pump moment Ton, Ton-
ToffIt is exactly termination of pumping time T.
3. a kind of annular pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting bit freezing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step
In two, work as Pave-PminAnd Pmax–PaveOccurring increase tendency simultaneously, indicates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is more, annular space chip off-falling size is larger,
Serious, sand setting bit freezing risk height is influenced during termination of pumping on czermak space；
Work as Pave -PminAppearance reduction trend, and Pmax–PaveThere is increase tendency, although illustrating that annular space chip off-falling quantity is few,
Annular space chip off-falling size is larger, influences to be affected to annular clearance during termination of pumping, sand setting bit freezing risk is higher；
Work as Pave-PminThere is increase tendency, Pmax–PaveThere is reduction trend, illustrates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is more, but annular space chip off-falling
Size is smaller, influences smaller reduction to empty gap during termination of pumping, and sand setting bit freezing risk is lower；
Work as Pave -PminAnd Pmax–PaveThere is reduction trend simultaneously, illustrates that annular space chip off-falling quantity is few, do not cause annular space during termination of pumping
Gap reduces, and sand setting bit freezing risk is low.
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| CN201910119271.1A CN110222352B (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | Annulus pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting stuck drill |
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| CN201910119271.1A CN110222352B (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | Annulus pressure monitoring method for preventing sand setting stuck drill |
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| CN110222352B CN110222352B (en) | 2023-10-24 |
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| CN111236869A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-05 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method, device and equipment for determining rock debris distribution under pump stop working condition |
| CN116066063A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drilling tool vibration signal analysis system and method |
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| CN111236869A (en) * | 2020-01-10 | 2020-06-05 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method, device and equipment for determining rock debris distribution under pump stop working condition |
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| CN116066063A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-05-05 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drilling tool vibration signal analysis system and method |
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