CN110220980A - Test method based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation - Google Patents
Test method based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation Download PDFInfo
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- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of test methods based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation, there is to crack process zone the variation of discharged strain energy during being formed completely using acoustic emission monitoring concrete micro crack, reflect material damage evolutionary process corresponding to concrete in tension stress-strain curve with this, by being fitted experimental data, the function expression of uniaxial tension damage evolution equation has been obtained.The model can reliably predict strengthening segment, softening section and the degeneration for adding unloading to act on lower rigidity when concrete in uniaxial tension in load-deformation curve.Concrete Constitutive is theoretical and its experimental study has important application value for carrying out for the method for the present invention.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mechanical parameters --- the test measurement method of concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation, tool
Body is related to a kind of test method based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation.
Background technique
Concrete damage constitutive relation is the basic theory of concrete structure analysis and engineering design, to accurate simulation coagulation
Soil structure nonlinear mechanics character plays key effect.The uniaxial tension stress strain stress relation of concrete, it is general using it is uniaxial by
Test is drawn to be determined, but concrete has significant brittleness, this makes uniaxial tension test be more difficult to get concrete stress strain
Softening section in relationship.Meanwhile also lacking method by test measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage development at present
Since Concrete Crack Propagation Process can be described with fracture mechanics, it is divided into micro crack germinating and (was broken
Journey area starts to occur), micro crack stablize extension with unstable extension (crack process zone gradually forms), macrocrack appearance
(crack process zone is formed completely) and macrocrack extend (crack process zone extension).It on the other hand, can using acoustic emission
To monitor the strain energy situation of change that rupture process of material is discharged.
Therefore, the present invention utilizes acoustic emission and Based on principles of crack mechanics, the damage of monitoring and evaluation Fracture Process of Concrete
Wound develops, and the function expression of concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation is obtained in conjunction with test result.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is lacking the status of test observation for current concrete damage constitutive theoryr, a kind of base is provided
In the test method of acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation.
A kind of technical solution of the present invention: examination based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation
Proved recipe method, comprising the following steps:
(1) carry out 3 points of curved destructive tests of beams of concrete, test measures incipient crack germinating, load P=Pini, until macroscopic view
Crack occurs, load P=Pmax, thereby determine that crack process zone from occurring to the complete procedure formed completely, PiniIt is split to be microcosmic
Seam germinating critical load, PmaxFor peak load；
(2) digital speckle strain testing instrument and sound emission tester are utilized, monitors the hair of initial notch tip strain respectively
The release of exhibition and crack process zone strain energy；
(3) with crack process zone from occurring to the complete uniaxial tension damage factor of variation definition for forming discharged strain energy
dtAre as follows:
In formula, Π (εt) and Π be fracture process corresponding with the tensile strain ε and ε=∞ at initial notch tip respectively
The unit area strain energy discharged in area, gt(εt) and gtIt is strain respectively from zero to εtWith the unit volume discharged from zero to ∞
Strain energy, x are the distance that point to initial notch edge is calculated in crack process zone, lfIt is fracture process section length, lfIt (x) is to work as
The length of crack process zone when initial tip tensile strain is ε；
(4) according to the acoustic emission energy of monitoring, the change procedure of crack process zone strain energy release is obtained, is thereby determined that mixed
The acoustic emission parameters form of solidifying soil tension damage evolution equation:
In formula,Indicate from be initially loaded to the load time be t when accumulation acoustic emission energy；It is fracture
Process area is from occurring to the complete accumulation acoustic emission energy for forming release；
(5) it is strained according to the initial notch tip of monitoring, obtains corresponding nonlinear strainAre as follows:
(6) by above-mentioned monitoring result, d can be fittedtWithBetween function expression, according to the change of test data
Change feature, mathematic(al) representation is taken as:
In formula, β is material parameter, by obtaining to test data fitting.
Preferably, in the step (1) in 3 points of curved tests of beams of concrete, as 0 < P < PiniWhen, material does not occur
Damage；Work as Pini≤ P < PmaxWhen, initial notch tip forms microcrack area and gradually extends；As load increases, initial notch
Bridge region generates when point stresses reach concrete tensile strength, and crack process zone forms and starts to stablize extension；Work as Pmax=P,
Complete crack process zone forms and starts unstable extension, and macrocrack generates；PmaxBy test result it was determined that according to
According to Based on principles of crack mechanics PiniIt can determine according to the following formula:
In formula, PiniGerminate critical load, P for micro crackmaxFor peak load；Respectively crack initiation
Toughness, adhesive aggregation toughness, toughness.
Preferably, with the generation of microcrack, extension, breaking in the step (2) in 3 points of curved tests of beams of concrete
The strain energy that material discharges in process area is split to be monitored using acoustic emission test instrument.
Preferably, in the step (3) from P=0 to P=PmaxLoad phase, initial notch point stresses are from σ=0
Increase to σ=ftThen it is reduced to σ=0, corresponding strain increases to ultimate tensile strength i.e. ε=ε from ε=0tu, this stress-strain
Relationship is consistent with uniaxial tension stress-strain stress relation；In the process, the releasable variation of crack process zone internal strain, reflection
Uniaxial tensile strain from ε=0 increases to ε=εtuThe evolution of material damage in the process.
Preferably, straining corresponding to initial notch tip from ε=0 in the step (4) increases to ε=εtu, completely
Crack process zone gradually forms；In the process, it monitors to correspond to from original state to the strain energy that load time t is discharged
Accumulate acoustic emission energyMonitor that discharged strain energy is formed from original state to complete crack process zone to be corresponded to
Accumulate acoustic emission energy
Preferably, in the step (5), the tensile stress at initial notch tip, according to the following formula according to Based on principles of crack mechanics
It is calculated:
In formula, σ (w), ftThe respectively tensile stress and concrete tensile strength at initial notch tip；E0For concrete elastic
Modulus；W dehisces to be displaced for initial notch tip, wcIt dehisces to be displaced for maximum；CMOD be initial notch edge dehisce displacement,
CMODcTo reach P when loadmaxWhen initial notch edge dehisce to be displaced；a,a0Respectively true crack tip is to initial notch
The distance at edge and the depth of initial notch；H0, D, B be respectively knife edge thickness, test specimen depth of section and width；c1、c2For material
Parameter, can distinguish value to normal concrete is 3.0 and 7.0.
Preferably, with nonlinear strain ε in the step (6)inAs the internal variable of material damage EVOLUTION EQUATION, with by
Draw peak strain εt0Reflect influence of the strength of materials to damage development, d is measured according to experimenttWithBetween exponentially it is corresponding
Relationship.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention carries out 3 points of curved destructive tests to beams of concrete, supervised using digital speckle strain testing instrument
The strain development for surveying initial notch tip, it is straight using the germinating of acoustic emission test instrument monitoring microcrack, stable extension, unstable extension
The variation of discharged strain energy during occurring to macrocrack.According to test result, fitting is obtained to strain as internal variable
Damage evolution equation function expression, the determination for concrete in uniaxial tension damage factor provides a kind of experimental test side
Method, Concrete Constitutive is theoretical and its experimental study has important application value for carrying out for this method.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the forming process of complete crack process zone in the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 a-2c is acoustic emission parameters schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 a-3c is that tension of the embodiment of the present invention is damaged and the corresponding result between nonlinear strain；
Fig. 4 a-4b is pair of concrete in uniaxial of embodiment of the present invention tension damage evolution equation and test and result by references
Than.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
One kind measuring concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation test method based on acoustic emission, and step is respectively such as
Under:
Step 1: according to " concrete for hydraulic structure destructive test regulation " (DL/T 5332-2005) and " normal concrete mechanical property
Energy test method standard " beams of concrete of (GB/T 50081-2002) preparation with initial notch.Concrete strength using C30,
C40 and C50 three types, the size of test specimen are 400 × 100 × 100mm (L × B × D), the span S=300mm of test specimen, notch
Depth a0=30mm, gap width bcThe test specimen quantity of every kind of intensity of=3mm is 4, totally 12 test specimens.
Step 2: test specimen vertical load, vertical displacement by MTS electro-hydraulic servo testing machine force snesor and displacement sensor
The displacement of dehiscing of automatic collection, initial notch is acquired by the matched extensometer of testing machine, the strain development utilization number at notch tip
The monitoring of word speckle strain testing instrument, strain energy release are monitored using PCI-2 acoustic emission test instrument.
The application jig at test specimen bottom notches, for installing extensometer.After card slot firm pasting, test specimen is placed in test
On machine support, load end is subjected to centering, loading head is allowed slightly to contact with test specimen upper surface.Front surface and rear table in test specimen
Symmetrically placed 2 acoustic emission sensors near the notch tip region in face, and bonded sensor and surface of test piece with vaseline.
Step 3: disconnected lead test is carried out at laboratory scene, when laboratory environment noise does not influence the sound emission of disconnected lead test
When signal monitoring, take the minimum acoustic emission signal threshold value of actual measurement as test threshold value, this test actual measurement sound emission threshold value is 45
Decibel.
Step 4: according to " concrete for hydraulic structure destructive test regulation " (DL/T 5332-2005), 3 points of beams of concrete of development is curved
Destructive test passes through MTS electro-hydraulic servo testing machine and is loaded according to displacement control mode, loading speed 1.0mm/s, examination
Test obtains incipient crack germinating (P=Pini) to macrocrack occur (P=Pmax), thereby determine that crack process zone from occurring to complete
Holotype at overall process；P is determined according to test resultmaxAnd the corresponding acoustic emission monitor(ing) time, it is determined according to formula (6)-(10)
Pini；It extracts from PCI-2 acoustic emission system from initial loading to P=PmaxThe acoustic emission energy result at moment.
Step 5: Damage for Brittle Material in overall process occur from initial loading to macrocrack according to formula (3) are available
The measured result d of evolutiont.Acoustic emission energy UAEDefinition as shown in Figure 1, from monitoring time t1To t2, acoustic emission energy is by following
Expression formula calculates:
In formula, v (t) is the signal voltage of time t.
Step 6: occurring in overall process (such as Fig. 2 a-2c) just according to formula (4) are available from initial loading to macrocrack
Beginning notch tip nonlinear strainThe result of development.
Step 7: fitting within Critical fracture process area material damage d in the time using software MATLABtWith unstrained εinIt
Between relationship further obtain to strain the material single shaft tension damage factor expression formula for internal variable as shown in figs 3 a-3 c:
In formula, β is test parameters.Simple stress-the strain curve and test result pair calculated using formula (11)
Than result as shown in Fig. 4 a-4b.
It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention,
Several improvements and modifications can also be made, these modifications and embellishments should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present invention.In the present embodiment not
The available prior art of specific each component part is realized.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of test method based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation, it is characterised in that:
The following steps are included:
(1) carry out 3 points of curved destructive tests of beams of concrete, test measures incipient crack germinating, load P=Pini, until macrocrack
Occur, load P=Pmax, thereby determine that crack process zone from occurring to the complete procedure formed completely, PiniIt is sprouted for micro crack
Raw critical load, PmaxFor peak load；
(2) utilize digital speckle strain testing instrument and sound emission tester, respectively monitor initial notch tip strain development and
The release of crack process zone strain energy；
(3) uniaxial tension damage factor d is defined from occurring to the complete variation for forming discharged strain energy with crack process zonetAre as follows:
In formula, Π (εt) and Π be in crack process zone corresponding with the tensile strain ε and ε=∞ at initial notch tip respectively
The unit area strain energy of release, gt(εt) and gtIt is strain respectively from zero to εtWith the unit volume strain discharged from zero to ∞
Can, x is the distance that point to initial notch edge is calculated in crack process zone, lfIt is fracture process section length, lfIt (x) is when initial
The length of crack process zone when tip tensile strain is ε；
(4) according to the acoustic emission energy of monitoring, the change procedure of crack process zone strain energy release is obtained, thereby determines that concrete
The acoustic emission parameters form of tension damage evolution equation:
In formula,Indicate from be initially loaded to the load time be t when accumulation acoustic emission energy；It is fracture process
Area is from occurring to the complete accumulation acoustic emission energy for forming release；
(5) it is strained according to the initial notch tip of monitoring, obtains corresponding nonlinear strainAre as follows:
(6) by above-mentioned monitoring result, it is fitted dtWithBetween function expression, according to the variation characteristic of test data,
Mathematic(al) representation is taken as:
In formula, β is material parameter, by obtaining to test data fitting.
2. the test side according to claim 1 based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation
Method, it is characterised in that: in the step (1) in 3 points of curved tests of beams of concrete, as 0 < P < PiniWhen, material does not damage
Wound；Work as Pini≤ P < PmaxWhen, initial notch tip forms microcrack area and gradually extends；As load increases, initial notch point
Bridge region generates when end stress reaches concrete tensile strength, and crack process zone forms and starts to stablize extension；Work as Pmax=P, it is complete
Whole crack process zone forms and starts unstable extension, and macrocrack generates；PmaxIt is determined by test result, according to fracture
Mechanics principle PiniIt determines according to the following formula:
In formula, PiniGerminate critical load, P for micro crackmaxFor peak load；Respectively initiation angle,
Adhesive aggregation toughness, toughness.
3. the test side according to claim 1 based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation
Method, it is characterised in that: in the step (2) in 3 points of curved tests of beams of concrete, with the generation of microcrack, extension, fracture
The strain energy that material discharges in process area is monitored using acoustic emission test instrument.
4. the test side according to claim 1 based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation
Method, it is characterised in that: in the step (3) from P=0 to P=PmaxLoad phase, initial notch point stresses from σ=0 increase
Add to σ=ftThen it is reduced to σ=0, corresponding strain increases to ultimate tensile strength i.e. ε=ε from ε=0tu, this stress-strain pass
System is consistent with uniaxial tension stress-strain stress relation；In the process, the releasable variation of crack process zone internal strain, reflects
Uniaxial tensile strain increases to ε=ε from ε=0tuThe evolution of material damage in the process.
5. the test side according to claim 1 based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation
Method, it is characterised in that: straining corresponding to initial notch tip from ε=0 in the step (4) increases to ε=εtu, complete to be broken
Process area gradually forms；In the process, monitor that the strain energy discharged from original state to load time t corresponds to accumulation
Acoustic emission energyMonitor that discharged strain energy is formed from original state to complete crack process zone corresponds to accumulation
Acoustic emission energy
6. the test side according to claim 1 based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation
Method, it is characterised in that: in the step (5), the tensile stress at initial notch tip carries out according to the following formula according to Based on principles of crack mechanics
It calculates:
In formula, σ (w), ftThe respectively tensile stress and concrete tensile strength at initial notch tip；E0For modulus of elasticity of concrete；
W dehisces to be displaced for initial notch tip, wcIt dehisces to be displaced for maximum；CMOD is the dehisce displacement, CMOD at initial notch edgec
To reach P when loadmaxWhen initial notch edge dehisce to be displaced；a,a0Respectively true crack tip is to initial notch edge
Distance and initial notch depth；H0, D, B be respectively knife edge thickness, test specimen depth of section and width；c1、c2For material ginseng
Number.
7. the test side according to claim 1 based on acoustic emission measurement concrete in uniaxial tension damage evolution equation
Method, it is characterised in that: with nonlinear strain ε in the step (6)inAs the internal variable of material damage EVOLUTION EQUATION, with tension
Peak strain εt0Reflect influence of the strength of materials to damage development, d is measured according to experimenttWithBetween exponentially is corresponding closes
System.
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| CN111257113A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-09 | 东南大学 | Concrete uniaxial tensile stress strain full curve testing method and testing device |
| CN112083076A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-15 | 山东大学 | Acoustic emission parameter-based recycled concrete damage evolution model and establishment method thereof |
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| CN110726625A (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2020-01-24 | 中北大学 | Method for determining length of rock material fracture process area |
| CN111257113B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2022-04-12 | 东南大学 | Concrete uniaxial tensile stress strain full curve testing method and testing device |
| CN111257113A (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2020-06-09 | 东南大学 | Concrete uniaxial tensile stress strain full curve testing method and testing device |
| CN112083076A (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2020-12-15 | 山东大学 | Acoustic emission parameter-based recycled concrete damage evolution model and establishment method thereof |
| CN112098524B (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2021-08-20 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for identifying asphalt concrete fracture process and quantifying microcracks based on acoustic emission |
| CN112098524A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Method for identifying asphalt concrete fracture process and quantifying microcracks based on acoustic emission |
| CN112329219A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-02-05 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for calculating tensile damage area of rock containing micropores and microcracks in Brazilian splitting experiment |
| CN112329219B (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2024-01-26 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | Method for calculating tensile damage area of rock containing micropores and microcracks in Brazilian split experiment |
| CN112432861A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-03-02 | 扬州大学 | Reinforced concrete beam damage state evaluation method based on acoustic emission waveform analysis |
| CN113776942A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-12-10 | 东北大学 | Test method for identifying closing stress and cracking stress under triaxial compression of rock |
| CN113776942B (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2022-05-20 | 东北大学 | Test method for identifying closing stress and cracking stress under triaxial compression of rock |
| CN116296798A (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-06-23 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Method and system for determining constitutive relation of tensile concrete based on DIC technology |
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