CN110220832A - The permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware - Google Patents
The permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware Download PDFInfo
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- CN110220832A CN110220832A CN201910445299.4A CN201910445299A CN110220832A CN 110220832 A CN110220832 A CN 110220832A CN 201910445299 A CN201910445299 A CN 201910445299A CN 110220832 A CN110220832 A CN 110220832A
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- boccaro
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- permeability
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- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910052571 earthenware Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000009136 dragon's blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001043298 Croton draco Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000032026 No-Reflow Phenomenon Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010063837 Reperfusion injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 240000004824 Trimezia steyermarkii Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020342 bubble tea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006101 laboratory sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials Using Thermal Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of permeability measurement methods of zisha earthenware, solve the conventional difficulties that the gas permeability of zisha earthenware is unable to measure.The present invention measures purple sand permeability by the water permeability of measurement boccaro；Measurement accuracy is high, in principle, can precise measurement as long as having gas permeability；Measurement cost is extremely low, is not related to high pressure, generates without operational danger, without any pollution and waste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of permeability measurement methods of zisha earthenware.
Background technique
Dark-red enameled pottery is the representative products of zisha earthenware, because artistry and practicability all can Zhuo Er it is out of the ordinary due to become China ceramic
The rarity of culture.The zisha earthenwares such as dark-red enameled pottery are primarily characterized in gas permeability.In national standard (GB/T 10816-2008),
" permeability is good " is defined as the essential attribute of zisha earthenware；However, the standard does not provide the standard of gas permeability detection
Or method.Also because the gas permeability of zisha earthenware is unable to measure, the cognition for causing market is puzzled, seriously hinders boccaro industry
Development.
The permeability measurement of material, the core concept of current solutions are " pressure differential methods ".Entitled " the gas of complete set of equipments
Transmissivity measurement instrument ", principle are: applying the gas of certain pressure in test piece side, the other side vacuumizes, and test gas is made to exist
It spreads in test piece and penetrates slowly；Then inlet side pressure increase, pressure linearly change with the time, with the slope of gained straight line
Gas transmission coefficient and gas transit dose are calculated by calculation formula.
Pressure differential method is a kind of general scheme, in its accuracy rating, is unable to measure the gas permeability of zisha earthenware.In fact,
The gas permeability principle of dark-red enameled pottery and the gas permeability principle of common material are completely different.The gas permeability of dark-red enameled pottery is embodied in its bubble
Tea performance, and the penetrability of non-air.Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of completely new technical solution come solve the gas permeability of zisha earthenware can not
The problem of measurement.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of permeability measurement methods of zisha earthenware, solve purple sand ceramics
The conventional difficulties that the gas permeability of device is unable to measure.
Technical solution: the permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware of the present invention,
Step 1, immersion or digestion boccaro ware 1, make the wall of boccaro ware 1 sufficiently absorb water；
Step 2, the opening of boccaro ware 1 is tightly connected with pipe 2 and is filled in the system that boccaro ware 1 is formed with pipe 2
Water；
Step 3, the system that boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2 form is contacted with constant temperature heat source 3, is waited whole into thermodynamical equilibrium
State；
Step 4, the back-flow velocity of the water in pipe 2 is recorded.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, need clearly following technical detail, otherwise may cause measurement inaccuracy and even measure
Failure:
1. boccaro ware 1 impregnates in water or digestion, it is intended to ensure its reflux for sufficiently absorbing water, ensuring to observe in step 4
It is not due to caused by the water suction of 1 wall of boccaro ware.It impregnates or the time of digestion is different due to the difference of 1 material of boccaro ware, it is proposed that leaching
It boils 3 to 24 hours.
2. the set of the opening of boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2 is connected in sealing shroud and connects, belled position is unable to gas leakage leak, can be used close
The means such as packing are realized；If there are also other openings for boccaro ware 1, it should be sealed.Excellent sealing is the key factor for measuring success or failure
One of.It should be noted that also resulting in accurately to measure if boccaro ware 1 itself has crack leakage.Boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2
Socket, can be boccaro ware production when i.e. install.
3. cannot have bubble in system after filling water in the system that boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2 form.Boccaro ware 1, pipe 2, constant temperature
The system that heat source 3 forms enters after thermodynamic equilibrium state, and the water temperature in boccaro ware 1 should not be close to boiling point, to avoid generation
A large amount of bubbles.Bubble will affect measurement accuracy.
4. the system that boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2 are constituted is direct contact or mediate contact, heat transmitting with the contact of constant temperature heat source 3
It may be implemented.The system that this three is constituted enters after thermodynamical equilibrium, all components (including boccaro ware 1, pipe, seal
Device, water etc.) volume and temperature maintain relative constant (i.e. thermal expansion effects negligible).At this point, the water in pipe at the uniform velocity flows back
Into boccaro ware 1, water, which at the uniform velocity flows back, proves that hydrone has passed through boccaro ware wall and has been diffused into air in device table.It needs
Bright, the coefficient of viscosity between water and pipe 2 will cause greatly flow velocity fluctuation.In addition, during the test, testing the air of environment
Temperature, humidity, air pressure and air-flow are adjustable, to measure the back-flow velocity of water in pipe 2 under various circumstances.
Compared to " pressure differential method ", purple sand permeability is measured, this method effect is directly and obvious.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention solves the conventional difficulties that the gas permeability of zisha earthenware is unable to measure；Measurement accuracy is high, former
On then, as long as there is gas permeability, energy precise measurement, no lower limit limitation；Measurement cost is extremely low, is not related to high pressure, without operational hazards
Property, it is any pollution and waste generate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of boccaro mineral aggregate and its made dark-red enameled pottery, boccaro bottle；
Fig. 2 is the internal structure and surface texture of the boccaro sample；
Fig. 3 is the operation principle schematic diagram of boccaro permeability test of the invention
Fig. 4 is the back-flow velocity table measured under mutually synthermal different humidity.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, and it is not limited that following instance, which is descriptive,
, this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: the permeability measurement of natural boccaro " dragon's blood sand " made boccaro bottle
Dragon's blood sand is a kind of brown boccaro mineral, streak bronzing, is clear to botryoidalis bloodstone particle, mine under microscope
Object sample is as shown in Figure 1a.Using the mineral as raw material, with the dark-red enameled pottery and boccaro of traditional complete manual dark-red enameled pottery manufacture craft production
Bottle, as shown in fig. 1b and fig. lc, quality is fine and smooth, surface vitreous is weak.The internal structure of the mineral article is set forth in Fig. 2 a-b
And surface texture, the white proportion ruler length in the lower left corner is 50um in figure；As it can be seen that internal porosity is abundant, surface pores opening is close
Degree is high (stomata is black region in figure, and " o " illustrates two thick stomatas).For hole diameter mostly in 2.5um or so, thick is reachable
20um or so.In order to guarantee that the laboratory sample i.e. full same sex of boccaro bottle, same batch have made four boccaros to the full extent
Bottle.Boccaro bottle firing temperature is 1180 DEG C, this temperature is abundant sintering temperature.Boccaro bottle capacity is 194mL.
To the permeability measurement of boccaro bottle, steps are as follows:
Step 1, boccaro bottle digestion 24 hours in the hot water, to ensure that its wall sufficiently absorbs water；
Step 2, boccaro bottle and glass tube with a scale are sealed and are socketed by the water that 80 degrees Celsius are filled in boccaro bottle, close
Envelope mode is using sealing ring, and boccaro bottle is with full water automatic in glass tube at this time and bubble-free remains；
Step 3, the system that boccaro bottle and glass tube are constituted is contacted with constant temperature heat source, it is Celsius that constant temperature heat source is set as 100
Degree；
Step 4, since two temperature values in step 2 and 3 are one group of determining equilibrium state temperature value of prior test, boccaro
The system that bottle, glass tube, constant temperature heat source form enters thermodynamic equilibrium state quickly；Water in equilibrium state, glass tube is even
Speed reflux, manually has read back-flow velocity v (volume of the water in boccaro bottle is flowed in the unit time)；
Step 5, the gas permeability of boccaro bottle is calculated, the amount of the water appeared in the unit time from boccaro bottle wall is equal to aforementioned time
Flow velocity degree v.
Before measurement, boccaro bottle all experienced leak detection and crack-crack interaction, ensure it is indefectible after, started this survey
Amount.Boccaro bottle digestion 24 hours in the hot water, be in order to ensure it sufficiently absorbs water, it is ensured that the reflux observed in experiment is not
Due to caused by bottle body water suction.The opening of boccaro bottle and the set of glass tube are connected in sealing shroud and connect, and are socketed good seal.This boccaro bottle does not have
There are other openings, so there is no need to seal other openings.The water for being 80 degrees Celsius, the constant temperature heat source injected in boccaro bottle is set as 100
Degree Celsius, after thermal balance, in boccaro bottle temperature maintain 80 degrees centigrades (different boccaro bottles have Light Difference), will not
Generate bubble.After thermal balance, the volume of boccaro bottle, glass tube, sealing ring etc. no longer changes, i.e., thermal expansion effects are negligible.
Water in glass tube at the uniform velocity flows back, and water, which at the uniform velocity flows back, proves that hydrone can pass through to outside from boccaro bottle inner wall along stomata
Wall, thus indirect proof boccaro it is ventilative be to be evaporated to driving force, capillary stomata continues to pump outward process --- this is " pressure
Poor method " is difficult to measure purple sand permeability reason place and this method effect obviously direct reason for it.This embodiment
In, water used in all test process is distilled water.Air themperature, humidity, air pressure and the air-flow of test environment can
It adjusts, to measure the back-flow velocity of water in pipe 2 under various circumstances.
Experimenter independently measures back-flow velocity under 21~22 DEG C of identical room temperature and humidity 61~62%.Often
People measures 50 groups of data, and as a result with reference to shown in the part a and the part b in Fig. 4, back-flow velocity v is respectively 1.07 ± 0.22uL/
s、1.13±0.31uL/s。
In order to which further exclusively verifying reflux is accordingly to have done three groups of control experiments caused by purple sand permeability:
1) boccaro ware 1 is changed to vial, then no reflow phenomenon；
2) for setting wind regime in boccaro bottle side, and to boccaro bottle to continue or instantaneously dry, incident is reflux
Instantaneous quickening；
3) elevation system temperature or reduction ambient humidity, reflux are accelerated；With reference to the part c in Fig. 4, giving humidity is
Measurement result in the environment of 55% ± 1%, back-flow velocity are 1.85 ± 0.28uL/s.
Particularly, the permeability measurement method of the zisha earthenware in the present invention is applicable not only to natural boccaro, artificial preparation
Or the boccaro and class purple sand material of synthesis, apply also for not with boccaro name but have the material of similar boccaro gas permeability.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Step 1, immersion or digestion boccaro ware 1, make the wall of boccaro ware 1 sufficiently absorb water；
Step 2, the opening of boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2 are tightly connected and fill water in the system that boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2 form；
Step 3, the system that boccaro ware 1 and pipe 2 form is contacted with constant temperature heat source 3, is waited whole into thermodynamic equilibrium state；
Step 4, the back-flow velocity of the water in pipe 2 is recorded.
2. the permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 2, pipe 2 passes through
Seal Kit is connect with boccaro ware 1, or is installed on boccaro ware 1 when manufacturing boccaro ware 1.
3. the permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4, reflux speed
The record of degree can be direct human eye and read, be also possible to be read using technological means；The technological means includes but is not limited to flow
Meter, sensor, video camera and computer technology.
4. the permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 3-4, test wrapper
Air themperature, humidity, air pressure and the air-flow in border are adjustable, to measure the back-flow velocity of water in pipe 2 under various circumstances.
5. the permeability measurement method of zisha earthenware according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material packet of boccaro ware 1
It includes: natural boccaro, the artificial boccaro prepared or synthesized, class purple sand material, and with boccaro name but do not have similar boccaro saturating
The material that gas and its gas permeability can only be tested with scheme described in claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910445299.4A CN110220832B (en) | 2019-05-27 | 2019-05-27 | Method for measuring air permeability of purple sand pottery |
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| CN201910445299.4A CN110220832B (en) | 2019-05-27 | 2019-05-27 | Method for measuring air permeability of purple sand pottery |
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| CN110220832B CN110220832B (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110652152A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-07 | 江南大学 | Adjusting device for adjusting ventilation property of purple sand tea set |
| CN110710848A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-21 | 江南大学 | Purple sand tea set with adjustable air permeability |
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| JP2018112509A (en) * | 2017-01-13 | 2018-07-19 | 東洋製罐グループホールディングス株式会社 | Method for pre-processing resin container and method for measuring oxygen permeability of resin container |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101514951A (en) * | 2009-03-18 | 2009-08-26 | 深圳市建筑科学研究院有限公司 | Permeability coefficient detector of water permeable brick and detecting method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110652152A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-07 | 江南大学 | Adjusting device for adjusting ventilation property of purple sand tea set |
| CN110710848A (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2020-01-21 | 江南大学 | Purple sand tea set with adjustable air permeability |
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