CN110220789A - Test specimen and tensile-sbear strength test method are tested for external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength - Google Patents
Test specimen and tensile-sbear strength test method are tested for external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength Download PDFInfo
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- CN110220789A CN110220789A CN201910619493.XA CN201910619493A CN110220789A CN 110220789 A CN110220789 A CN 110220789A CN 201910619493 A CN201910619493 A CN 201910619493A CN 110220789 A CN110220789 A CN 110220789A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003319 supportive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses for external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength test test specimen and tensile-sbear strength test method.Test specimen of the present invention for the test of surface sillar tensile-sbear strength, overall appearance are in square, and in one surface of test specimen, symmetrical shaft position manually opens a seam.Tensile shear testing device can apply vertical linear load in test block side any position of cracking.Tensile-sbear strength test method of the present invention for external crack sillar, it is that tensile shear testing device pedestal is fixed on universal testing machine cushion cap, test specimen is fixed in the middle part of device using bolt and movable cushion block, it is at half vacant state, be fixed on universal testing machine single armed force axis on loading device to test specimen apply draw shearing, bring it about drawing break it is bad.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock mass tensile-sbear strength testing fields, in particular to for the test examination of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength
Part and tensile-sbear strength test method.
Background technique
In practical projects, it is a kind of common failure mode with strong destructive power that rock mass drawing, which is broken bad,.Rock mass is sudden and violent
It is exposed to earth's surface or buried in underground, thus the rock mass of different parts is by the effect by internal force or external force.Rock mass is by internal action
Power is more common in rock tunnel engineering, and underground chamber, which is dug, causes to excavate the normal stress off-load of hole wall side, and top tangential stress
It concentrates, causes wall side rock by strong tension-shear tests.It is exposed to the rock of earth's surface, position holding force is removed below, is caused
Top rock mass is transferred to form tensile region by equilibrium state, which will be by rainfall impact and pulling force further increases, while by certainly
Ghost image, which is rung, makes it bear shearing.The above phenomenon comes into the picture, thus designs a kind of examination for the test of rock tensile-sbear strength
Part and tensile-sbear strength test method it is really necessary to.
The instrument and equipment type in past, study of rocks compression shear is more, and the application of these instruments is rock pressure with iteration is updated
The testing research for cutting intensity, which provides, greatly to help.For a long time, the reasonable preparation of rock mass sample, a variety of loading forms it is reasonable
It realizes, testing equipment the factors limitation rock such as is difficult to meet to various working demand and draws and cuts the design and application of equipment.In general, obtaining
The mode for taking rock tensile-sbear strength is that the straight line for being fitted rock compression-shear test extends to negative semiaxis, is cut in this, as rock tension
Intensity under effect.This mode for lacking experimental data evidence lacks persuasion.
At home and abroad in document, draw the instrument cut more rare for rock.The present invention provides a kind of for external crack
Sillar tensile-sbear strength tests test specimen and tensile-sbear strength test method, during the test stably operable, convenient for the entire examination of observation
Process is tested, can more really reflect rock in the stress characteristic for drawing process of cutting.The further research for cutting mechanical characteristics is drawn to mention for rock
For data supporting.
Summary of the invention
To overcome the shortcomings of that current testing equipment is difficult to meet the test of various working tensile-sbear strength and above-mentioned is likely to occur
Limitation, the present invention provides a kind of for external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength test test specimen and tensile-sbear strength test method, the party
The equipment operation that method uses is easy, can effectively collect test data, stability accesses guarantee in instrument operational process.
(1) fixture original on universal test machine base is removed, there are twice sleeve configuration vertical masonry joints on pedestal, in vertical masonry joint two
Side is stood upside down respectively puts 4 bolts, will be used for 4 bolt matchings of the pedestal of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength test device
Nut is fixed on universal test machine base；
(2) inverted-triangular loading head is screwed in into universal testing machine single armed force axis, adjusts the angle of loading head, makes loading head
Knife edge angular Pass Test requirement；
(3) whether need using movable cushion block, depending on the size using test specimen, when using having a size of 50mm × 50mm's
When test specimen, without using movable cushion block, which is close on the left of baffle be placed centrally above prominent position, is made under it
Surface is hanging far from baffle side, and the upper surface of neighbouring baffle side is fixed by shallow slot fixed strip, shallow slot fixed strip width according to
It is adjusted according to sample dimensions, during the test, shallow slot fixed strip does not influence the Free Transform of test specimen free face side；Its side
Method is: putting the size test specimen between two parties in the upper surface of baffle position outstanding, it is solid that abutting test specimen upper surface is placed centrally shallow slot
Determine item, screw is screwed in the shallow slot of fixed strip, test specimen is made to be in half vacant state；
(4) when using the test specimen having a size of 100mm × 100mm, movable cushion block, cushion block width and device pedestal need to be used
The sum of length of top protruding parts is about the long half of the test specimen rib.Movable cushion block, activity mat are selected according to the size of test specimen
Block is close to the upper surface that baffle is put in pedestal, and size test specimen abutting baffle prominent position is placed centrally in movable cushion block
Matched shallow slot fixed strip is replaced in side, test specimen top, side when according to aforementioned using having a size of 50mm × 50mm test specimen
Method is fixed, and the size test specimen is made to be in half vacant state；
(5) starting universal testing machine, the blade of inverted-triangular loading head, which is adjusted to the test specimen, needs position to be loaded,
Before universal testing machine work, computer platform control software parameter is set, universal testing machine is then restarted, to institute
It states test specimen and carries out tensile-sbear strength test.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the test specimen of the present invention for the test of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength, settable different depth, difference are inclined
The crack at angle, to obtain all data of rock mass sample tensile shear testing process in the case of different cracks.
2. the present invention uses shallow slot fixed strip and movable cushion block to clamp respectively in test specimen upper and lower side, grasping system is guaranteed with this
Globality and stability, for sillar tensile shear testing carry out stable premise is provided.
3., can be to the long cube of different ribs since the present invention plays a supportive role to the test specimen using the different cushion block of size
Test specimen is tested；It is equipped with shallow slot fixed strip in the test piece upper part tested for external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength, the cushion block is wide
Degree can be selected according to sample dimensions, avoided test specimen in inverted-triangular loading head and applied load hour offset tilting；Top can go here and there spiral shell
The steel lid of nail is designed to trapezoidal, and inverted triangle loading head is designed to wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, is to make loading head can be on rock sample
Surface any position is mobile, it can be achieved that at away from prefabricated crack different location, draws influence of the shearing to test test specimen；Screw in upper ladder
Screw and inverted-triangular loading head long enough in shape steel lid, to adapt to different height of specimen；The present invention is for test specimen upper end
Strip fixed strip is equipped with 3 shallow slots, and upper screw can be screwed in easily, can prevent the fixed strip from sliding during applying and carrying
It moves.
4. use the device of the present invention is that the occlusion of bolts and nuts is relied on to fix mostly, so its operation relative ease,
Operational puzzlement will not be brought to user.
5. since the inverted-triangular loading head that apparatus of the present invention use can be connect with universal testing machine, during the test,
Universal testing machine can acquire test data by sensor in real time, and the research for external crack rock tensile-sbear strength provides data branch
Support.
6. the device that the present invention uses can be matched with universal testing machine, simple structure is easy to make.And it is described
Test specimen structure for the test of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength is simple, can be mass-produced.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is front view of the invention.
Fig. 3 is left view of the invention.
Fig. 4 is top view of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the movable cushion block on pedestal top.
Fig. 6 is the shallow slot fixed strip for being suitble to test specimen described in large scale.
Marked in the figure: 1- pedestal, 2- bolt, 3- baffle, the trapezoidal steel lid of 4-, 5- screw, 6- shallow slot fixed strip, 7- are cylindrical
Connector, 8- inverted-triangular loading head, 9- test specimen, 10- movable cushion block.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further elaborated with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1
For external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength test test specimen 9, as shown in Figure 1, its shape be in cube, surface by
Precision instrument processing, flatness Pass Test requirement.9 corner angle of test specimen are clearly demarcated, no breaking-up defect.It is cut for the drawing of external crack sillar
The test specimen 9 of strength test opens one of sleeve configuration crack, slotted opening width, depth and crack angle along the symmetrical shaft position in surface
It is determined by test requirements document.
The device that the present invention designs includes hold assembly, loading component, 3 major part of replaceable cushion block.The hold assembly
Including 1,4 pedestal fixing bolt 2 of pedestal, baffle 3, trapezoidal steel lid 4,3 longitudinally fixed screws 5, shallow slot fixed strips 6.It is described
Pedestal 1 is respectively arranged in the front and the rear with two longitudinal screw holes, and 4 pedestal fixing bolts pass through longitudinal screw hole and connect with universal testing machine,
4 side of trapezoidal steel plate is equipped with 3 longitudinal stud bolt holes, and longitudinally fixed screw 5 can be screwed in from top, is embedded in shallow slot fixed strip
In 6 shallow slots.The pedestal 1, baffle 3 and trapezoidal steel lid 4 are the component being rigidly connected.The loading component includes cylinder
Connector 7 and inverted-triangular loading head 8, cylinder-shaped link 7 and inverted-triangular loading head 8 are rigid connection, cylinder connection
Part 7 can be screwed in universal testing machine single armed force axis, and the angle of inverted-triangular loading head 8 can arbitrarily change around axis.
To guarantee 9 uniform force of test specimen and overall stability of the present invention, test specimen 9 is placed in the middle part in 3 left side of baffle,
As shown in Figure 1.8 blade of the inverted-triangular loading head situation parallel with external crack is only shown in the present embodiment.
Steps are as follows for apparatus of the present invention specifically used:
1. rock sample is acquired, by the prefabricated test specimen 9 for the test of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength of aforementioned claim.
2. removing the component on universal testing machine on single armed force axis, inverted-triangular loading head 8 is replaced, loading head is adjusted
To proper angle, under the auxiliary of universal testing machine, the tensile-sbear strength of the test specimen can be directly tested.
3. removing the other component on universal test motor spindle cushion cap, the nut on pedestal fixing bolt 2 is removed, 4
Bolt slides into suitable position out of universal testing machine cushion cap groove, this tensile-sbear strength experimental rig is put along holes on base
In on cushion cap, the nut removed is fixed on bolt.
4. being placed centrally prefabricated test block 9 in 3 left side of baffle, test specimen 9 is close to baffle 3, as shown in Figure 1.In test block 9
Upper place is equipped with shallow slot fixed strip 6, and the longitudinally fixed screw 5 in 3, top is screwed into downwards the shallow slot of shallow slot fixed strip 6 along aperture
Interior, the backspin depth of each stud should be consistent.
5. starting universal testing machine, declines inverted-triangular loading head 8 slowly, rest on 9 overhead of test specimen, loading head
Retain small spacing with test specimen.Loading speed is set in universal testing machine operating software, is started instrument, is recorded the test specimen
Destroy overall process.After the test, the data for calculating block test specimen tensile-sbear strength are exported.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of test specimen for the test of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength, which is characterized in that test specimen system lithosome, outside
Contouring is in cube, and test specimen outer surface is formed after polishing by machine cuts.
2. the test specimen for the test of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength according to claim 1, it is characterised in that test specimen ontology
A length of (50~the 100) ± 1mm of rib, the surface of test piece is smooth, and corner angle are clearly demarcated, no recess unfilled corner.
3. the test specimen for the test of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength according to claim 2, it is characterised in that in test specimen table
One of crack is opened downwards, and the test specimen fracture width takes 0.04~2mm, and Depth takes long 1/5~3/5 of rib, and inclination angle exists
Between ± 60 °, crack side wall is parallel to each other, and crack bottom surface is smooth.
4. a kind of test method for the test of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength, it is characterised in that tested rock system to be made
Rock test piece described in claims 1 to 3 operates as follows:
(1) fixture original on universal test machine base is removed, there are twice sleeve configuration vertical masonry joints on pedestal, in vertical masonry joint two sides point
4 bolts (2) Dao Li not be put, the pedestal (1) of external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength test device will be used for 4 bolts (2)
Matched nut is fixed on universal test machine base；
(2) inverted-triangular loading head (8) are screwed in into universal testing machine single armed force axis, adjusts the angle of loading head (8), makes to load
Head knife edge angular Pass Test requirement；
(3) whether need using movable cushion block (10), depending on the size using test specimen, when using having a size of 50mm × 50mm's
When test specimen (9), without using movable cushion block (10), the top which is close to prominent position on the left of baffle (3) is occupied
Middle placement keeps its lower surface hanging far from baffle (3) side, and the upper surface of neighbouring baffle (3) side relies on shallow slot fixed strip (6)
Fixed, shallow slot fixed strip (6) width is adjusted according to sample dimensions, and during the test, shallow slot fixed strip (6) does not influence to try
The Free Transform of part free face side；Its method is: putting the size test specimen between two parties in the upper surface of baffle (3) position outstanding
(9), it is close to test specimen upper surface and is placed centrally shallow slot fixed strip (6), screw (5) is screwed in the shallow slot of shallow slot fixed strip (6), make to try
Part is in half vacant state；
(4) when using the test specimen having a size of 100mm × 100mm, movable cushion block (10), cushion block (10) width and device need to be used
The sum of the length of protruding parts is slightly less than the long half of test specimen (9) rib above pedestal, selects activity mat according to the size of test specimen
Block (10), movable cushion block (10) are close to the upper surface that baffle (3) are put in pedestal (1), and it is prominent which is close to baffle (3)
Position is placed centrally above movable cushion block (10), and matched shallow slot fixed strip (6) is replaced above the test specimen (9), according to
Method when aforementioned use is having a size of 50mm × 50mm test specimen is fixed, and the size test specimen (9) is made to be in half vacant state；
(5) starting universal testing machine, the blade of inverted-triangular loading head (8), which is adjusted to the test specimen, needs position to be loaded,
Before universal testing machine work, computer platform control software parameter is set, universal testing machine is then restarted, to institute
It states test specimen and carries out tensile-sbear strength test.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910619493.XA CN110220789A (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Test specimen and tensile-sbear strength test method are tested for external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910619493.XA CN110220789A (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Test specimen and tensile-sbear strength test method are tested for external crack sillar tensile-sbear strength |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111595679A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-28 | 大连理工大学 | Experimental device and method for carrying out pull-shear combined loading on embedded pressing block |
| CN113533042A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2021-10-22 | 北京科技大学 | Comprehensive index calculation method for representing rock stress and fracture and application |
| CN114397200A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-26 | 绍兴文理学院 | Device and method for testing static and dynamic direct tensile strength of annular rock core |
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| CN108469380A (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2018-08-31 | 桂林理工大学 | A kind of device for realizing rock tensile shear testing using universal testing machine |
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| CN104458444A (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2015-03-25 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Method for testing mechanical parameters of joint surface of irregular rock mass |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111595679A (en) * | 2020-06-18 | 2020-08-28 | 大连理工大学 | Experimental device and method for carrying out pull-shear combined loading on embedded pressing block |
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| CN114397200A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-26 | 绍兴文理学院 | Device and method for testing static and dynamic direct tensile strength of annular rock core |
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