CN110219669B - Wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segment - Google Patents
Wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110219669B CN110219669B CN201910359756.8A CN201910359756A CN110219669B CN 110219669 B CN110219669 B CN 110219669B CN 201910359756 A CN201910359756 A CN 201910359756A CN 110219669 B CN110219669 B CN 110219669B
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- sealing strip
- groove
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- recess
- circumferential weld
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/08—Lining with building materials with preformed concrete slabs
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
- E21D11/385—Sealing means positioned between adjacent lining members
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segments, and belongs to the technical field of shield construction. This waterproof construction includes prefabricated lining cutting section of jurisdiction unit, and the circumferential weld recess has been seted up to the circumferential weld end of section of jurisdiction, and the longitudinal joint end of section of jurisdiction is equipped with the longitudinal joint recess, links up through circumferential weld sealing strip and longitudinal joint sealing strip between axially adjacent circumferential weld recess and the longitudinal joint recess and assembles, and the cross-section of circumferential weld recess and longitudinal joint recess is "V" shape, and the shape of circumferential weld sealing strip and longitudinal joint sealing strip and the shape phase-match of circumferential weld recess and longitudinal joint recess, the inner wall of circumferential weld recess and longitudinal joint recess all is attached with the seal paster. The invention leads the upper and lower sealing patches to be tightly attached to each surface in the groove of the prefabricated duct piece, and leads the sealing patches to be tightly attached to the groove wall by fully utilizing the rubber elasticity through the stiffening of the bolt; compared with the traditional simple parallel type fitting mode, the connection method fully utilizes the extrusion of the wedge-shaped body in the groove to enable the whole connection device to be integrated and to be more compact.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of shield construction, and particularly relates to a wedged waterproof structure for a prefabricated shield segment.
Background
The shield method is a fully mechanical construction method in the construction of the underground excavation method. The shield machine is propelled in the ground, and the surrounding rocks around the shield machine are supported by the shield shell and the duct pieces to prevent collapse into the tunnel. The shield method construction tunnel is internally formed by adopting a segment lining with a certain radian, a segment circular seam and a segment longitudinal seam exist between a segment and a segment, the segment circular seam is an arc-shaped seam, and the segment longitudinal seam is a linear seam. Although the sealing treatment is carried out on the annular seam and the longitudinal seam of the duct piece through the sealing strips, the sealing is extremely easy and not tight, the local leakage phenomenon occurs, underground water easily enters the tunnel through the annular seam and the longitudinal seam of the duct piece, the maintenance cost in the later period of the tunnel is increased, and the operation safety of the tunnel is also influenced.
Application document with the patent number of CN106869962A discloses a shield segment waterproof structure and a construction method thereof, in the proposal, a circular seam groove is arranged at the tail end of a circular seam of a duct piece, a longitudinal seam groove is arranged at the tail end of the longitudinal seam of the duct piece, the sections of the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove are all in a dovetail shape, one end of a circular seam sealing strip is a circular seam straight head, the other end of the circular seam sealing strip is a circular seam dovetail head matched with the circular seam groove, the circular seam straight head of the circular seam sealing strip is inserted in the circular seam groove of the duct piece and the circular seam dovetail head of the circular seam sealing strip is inserted in the circular seam end of the duct piece which is axially adjacent to the duct piece, one end of the longitudinal seam sealing strip is a longitudinal seam straight head, the other end of the longitudinal seam sealing strip is a longitudinal seam dovetail head matched with the longitudinal seam groove, the longitudinal seam straight head of the longitudinal seam sealing strip is inserted into the longitudinal seam groove of the duct piece, and the longitudinal seam dovetail head of the longitudinal seam sealing strip is inserted into the longitudinal seam groove of the duct piece which is arranged adjacent to the duct piece in the radial direction.
The structure is novel and easy to manufacture, but the following defects exist: 1. one end of the sealing strip is a circular seam straight head, the other end of the sealing strip is a dovetail head, and the sealing strip between two pipe pieces can not be guaranteed to be tightly attached to the groove wall at the position after being completely pressed into the groove of the adjacent pipe piece; 2. the sealing strip is pressed to the inside wall of section of jurisdiction earlier, continues the extrusion through the bolt is stiffened and forces the sealing strip to laminate to the lower wall on the section of jurisdiction recess, and this just requires this sealing strip material to have very big poisson's ratio, nevertheless must have the defect in the aspect of elasticity etc. finally leads to waterproof hidden danger.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses a wedged waterproof structure for a prefabricated shield segment, which adopts a V-shaped groove and a sealing strip matched with the V-shaped groove in shape, and a sealing patch is attached to the inner wall, so that the sealing strip is more tightly attached to the groove, and the waterproof effect is better.
The purpose of the invention and the technical problem to be solved are realized by adopting the following technical scheme. The wedged waterproof structure for the shield segment comprises a prefabricated lining segment unit, wherein a circular seam groove is formed in the tail end of a circular seam of the segment, a longitudinal seam groove is formed in the tail end of a longitudinal seam of the segment, the axially adjacent circular seam groove and the longitudinally adjacent longitudinal seam groove are spliced and assembled through a circular seam sealing strip and a longitudinal seam sealing strip, the sections of the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove are both V-shaped, a triangular wedge structure is arranged inside the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove, and a gap is formed between the vertex angle position of the triangular wedge structure and the joint plane of the adjacent segment; the circular seam sealing strip and the longitudinal seam sealing strip are identical in section, the section is that two symmetrical isosceles triangles are cut at symmetrical positions of two short sides of a rectangle, apex angles of the isosceles triangles extend to the symmetrical center of the long side of the rectangle to form gaps, the gaps on two sides and the symmetrical center are respectively provided with a distance as a connecting part, two sides of the sealing strip are of openable parallel and level inclined cross-section structures, and sealing patches are attached to the inner walls of a circular seam groove and a longitudinal seam groove.
The shapes of the two branch grooves of the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove are consistent, and the shapes of the branch grooves of the two adjacent tube sheets are consistent.
The sealing patch is attached to the surface of the inner wall of the groove through a cold vulcanization adhesive.
The sealing patch is made of silicon rubber.
The internal vertex angles of the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove are 70 degrees, and the vertex angles of the expandable patches of the circular seam sealing strip and the longitudinal seam sealing strip are 70 degrees.
A working method of a wedged waterproof structure of a prefabricated shield segment comprises the following steps:
step one, checking the device. Whether other foreign matters exist inside the groove of the prefabricated lining segment or not is checked, the inner wall of the groove is ensured to be as smooth as possible, the surface of the prefabricated groove is prevented from being provided with notches and sunken holes, ash removal and drying are carried out, meanwhile, the surfaces of the sealing strip are ensured to be smooth, and ash removal and decontamination treatment and proper drying are carried out.
And step two, assembling the duct piece. In the process of splicing the ring, the process is carried out according to a 'longitudinal-first-ring-second method', namely, the process of splicing the upper side and the lower side at the same time and finally capping,
(1) coating a cold vulcanization adhesive sk313 with a proper thickness on the wall of the prefabricated groove to ensure that no bubbles exist;
(2) attaching the silicon rubber gasket to the inner wall of the V-shaped groove, wherein the thickness of the silicon rubber gasket is required to be moderate, and the silicon rubber gasket is troweled and compacted to ensure that no air exists between the silicon rubber gasket and the groove wall;
(3) coating a cold vulcanization adhesive sk313 with a proper thickness on the surface of the attached silicone rubber gasket to ensure that no air bubbles exist; note: the three steps are carried out in the adjacent grooves of the segments to be spliced simultaneously;
(4) aligning gaps at one ends of the circular seam sealing strips and the longitudinal seam sealing strips, inserting the gaps into triangular wedge-shaped structures in adjacent circular seam grooves and longitudinal seam grooves, and knocking the other ends of the sealing strips by using a rubber hammer to enable the sealing strips to enter the grooves as deep as possible and to be attached to the walls of the grooves as far as possible;
(5) aligning and inserting the gaps at the other ends of the circular seam sealing strips and the longitudinal seam sealing strips into the inner triangular wedge structures of the adjacent circular seam grooves and longitudinal seam grooves to be spliced;
(6) reinforcing the prefabricated hole sites by using matched bolts and nuts to enable the sealing strips at the two ends to enter the grooves of the adjacent segments as deep as possible and to be attached to the walls of the grooves as far as possible; the steps of (4), (5) and (6) should be carried out rapidly and consistently to take full advantage of the initial lubricity of the adhesive and to avoid undesirable adhesion of the weatherstrip to the silicone rubber gasket. The remaining segments are mounted in the same manner.
And step three, repeating the step two to finish the construction of the tunnel lining segment.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the prefabricated lining segment of the invention adopts the annular groove and the longitudinal groove which are of V-shaped structures, has consistent size and is easy to prefabricate.
2. One end of the sealing strip is used for opening a wedge-shaped structure with a triangular section in the groove of the prefabricated duct piece, so that sealing strips with two inclined flush planes at two end parts enter the respective prefabricated grooves, the triangular wedge-shaped structure gradually penetrates into the sealing strip to open the sealing strip, the upper sealing patch and the lower sealing patch are tightly attached to each surface in the groove of the duct piece, and the sealing strips are tightly attached to the groove wall by fully utilizing rubber elasticity through bolt stiffening; compared with the traditional simple parallel type fitting mode, the connection method fully utilizes the extrusion of the wedge-shaped body in the groove to enable the whole connection device to be integrated and to be more compact.
3. Splicing dislocation can be avoided appearing in the installation to whole linking device high efficiency.
4. The cold vulcanization adhesive sk313 is fully utilized, has the advantages of fast curing, corrosion resistance, aging resistance and suitability for underground workplaces, is fully filled, and has excellent effect on bonding concrete and rubber, and rubber.
5. The gasket is made of silicon rubber, the silicon rubber has good elasticity, compressibility and impact resistance, and the performance of the silicon rubber is hardly influenced by temperature; the sealing strip is made of solution-polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber, and the rubber has the characteristics of good rebound resilience, small permanent deformation and good contractibility and has certain strength.
6. The whole connecting device has simple and novel structure and is easy to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a segment assembly with gaps arranged in a staggered pattern;
FIG. 2 is a front view of a prefabricated segment of the present invention along a circumferential seam;
FIG. 3 is a front view of a prefabricated segment of the present invention along a longitudinal seam;
FIG. 4 is a schematic front view of a prefabricated segment according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a prefabricated segment longitudinal seam sealing strip and the tail end of an adjacent segment longitudinal seam in the invention before splicing;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated duct piece longitudinal seam sealing strip and the tail end of the adjacent duct piece longitudinal seam in the invention after splicing;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated segment circular seam sealing strip and the tail end of the adjacent segment circular seam in the invention before splicing;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated segment circular seam sealing strip and the tail end of the adjacent segment circular seam in the invention after splicing;
wherein: 1-lining segment making unit, 2-longitudinal joint end, 3-circumferential joint end, 4-longitudinal joint groove, 5-circumferential joint groove, 6-triangular wedge structure, 7-longitudinal joint groove silicon rubber liner, 8-longitudinal joint groove inner vertex angle, 9-longitudinal joint sealing strip, 10-longitudinal joint sealing strip expandable patch, 11-longitudinal joint sealing strip expandable patch vertex angle, 12-circumferential joint sealing strip, 13-gap, 14-connecting part and 15-circumferential joint groove silicon rubber liner.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Combining fig. 1-8, a prefabricated shield of formula of wedging in constructs section of jurisdiction waterproof construction, including prefabricated lining cutting section of jurisdiction unit 1, the circumferential weld end 3 of section of jurisdiction is equipped with circumferential weld recess 5, and the longitudinal joint end 2 of section of jurisdiction is equipped with longitudinal joint recess 4, links up through circumferential weld sealing strip 12 and longitudinal joint sealing strip 9 respectively between axially adjacent circumferential weld recess 5 and the longitudinal joint recess 4 and assembles.
The cross sections of the circular seam groove 5 and the longitudinal seam groove 4 are both V-shaped, triangular wedge-shaped structures 6 are arranged inside the circular seam groove 5 and the longitudinal seam groove 4, and the distance between the pointed point of each triangular wedge-shaped structure and the adjacent pipe piece attaching plane is more than 1 mm; the cross sections of the circular seam sealing strip 12 and the longitudinal seam sealing strip 9 are of the same symmetrical structure, the section of the circular seam sealing strip is a rectangle, two symmetrical isosceles triangles are cut at symmetrical positions of two short sides of the rectangular sealing strip, two vertex angles extend towards a longitudinal symmetrical center to form a gap 13, the gap 13 and the symmetrical center at two sides are respectively provided with a distance of 3mm as a connecting part 14, and two sides of the sealing strip are both openable parallel and level inclined cross sections.
The inner parts of the circular seam groove 5 and the longitudinal seam groove 4 are attached with silicon rubber gaskets.
One end of the longitudinal seam sealing strip 9 is propped open by the triangular wedge-shaped structure 6, so that the expandable patches 10 of the longitudinal seam sealing strip respectively enter the branch grooves of the longitudinal seam groove, the triangular wedge-shaped structure 6 gradually goes deep into the longitudinal seam sealing strip 9 so that the expandable patches 10 of the longitudinal seam sealing strip are tightly attached to the prefabricated longitudinal seam groove 4, and the longitudinal seam sealing strip is tightly attached to the groove wall by fully utilizing rubber elasticity through bolt stiffening. The use of the circumferential sealing strip 12 is the same as that of the longitudinal sealing strip 9.
The inside apex angle 8 of longitudinal joint recess is 70, and longitudinal joint sealing strip can open paster apex angle 11 and be 70, and equally, the inside apex angle of circumferential joint recess of waterproof interface structure is 70, and the paster apex angle that can open at circumferential joint sealing strip both ends is 70, makes the inside corner position of recess and sealing strip relevant position reach perfect agreeing with, and the stiffening of process bolt makes whole waterproof construction compacter.
A wedged waterproof structure for a prefabricated shield segment and a working method thereof comprise the following steps:
step one, an inspection device: whether other foreign matters exist inside the prefabricated lining segment circular seam groove 5 and the longitudinal seam groove 4 or not is checked, the inner wall of the groove is ensured to be as smooth as possible, gaps and sunken holes are avoided appearing on the surfaces of the prefabricated circular seam groove 5 and the longitudinal seam groove 4, dust is removed and drying is carried out, meanwhile, the smoothness of all surfaces of the circular seam sealing strip 12 and the longitudinal seam sealing strip 9 is ensured, the circular seam groove silicon rubber liner 15 and the longitudinal seam groove silicon rubber liner 7 are free of damage and leak, and dust removal and decontamination treatment and drying are carried out.
Step two, assembling the duct pieces: in the process of splicing one ring, the process is carried out according to a 'longitudinal-first-ring-second method', namely, the process of splicing the upper side and the lower side at the same time and finally capping.
(1) Coating a cold vulcanization adhesive sk313 with a proper thickness on the prefabricated circular seam groove 5 and the longitudinal seam groove 4 to ensure that no air bubble exists;
(2) attaching the circular seam groove silicon rubber gasket 15 and the longitudinal seam groove silicon rubber gasket 7 to the circular seam groove 9 and the longitudinal seam groove 7 which are coated with the adhesive, wherein the circular seam groove silicon rubber gasket 15 and the longitudinal seam groove silicon rubber gasket 7 are required to be moderate in thickness, and trowelling and compacting are carried out to ensure that no air exists between the silicon rubber gasket and the groove wall;
(3) cold vulcanization bonding agents sk313 with proper thickness are smeared on the surfaces of the attached circular seam groove silicon rubber gasket 15 and longitudinal seam groove silicon rubber gasket 7 to ensure that no bubbles exist; note: the three steps are carried out simultaneously in adjacent grooves of the duct pieces to be spliced;
(4) aligning and inserting a gap 13 at one end of a circular seam sealing strip 12 and a longitudinal seam sealing strip 9 into the triangular wedge-shaped structures 6 in the prefabricated grooves of the adjacent circular seams and longitudinal seams, and knocking the other end of the sealing strip by using a rubber hammer to enable the sealing strip to enter the groove as deep as possible and to be attached to the wall of the groove as far as possible;
(5) aligning and inserting a gap 13 at the other end of the circular seam sealing strip 12 and the longitudinal seam sealing strip 9 into the triangular wedge-shaped structures 6 in the adjacent circular seam groove 5 and the longitudinal seam groove 4 to be spliced;
(6) reinforcing the prefabricated hole sites by using matched bolts and nuts to enable the sealing strips at the two ends to enter the grooves of the adjacent segments as deep as possible and to be attached to the walls of the grooves as far as possible; the steps of injection (4), (5) and (6) should be performed quickly and consistently to take full advantage of the initial lubricity of the adhesive and to avoid unintended sticking of the seal strip to the circumferential groove silicone rubber liner 15 and the longitudinal groove silicone rubber liner 7. The remaining segments are mounted in the same manner.
And step three, repeating the step two to finish the construction of the tunnel lining segment.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a prefabricated shield of formula of wedging in constructs section of jurisdiction waterproof construction, includes prefabricated lining cutting section of jurisdiction unit, and the circumferential weld recess has been seted up at the circumferential weld end of section of jurisdiction, and the longitudinal joint end of section of jurisdiction is equipped with the longitudinal joint recess, links up through circumferential weld sealing strip and longitudinal joint sealing strip between axially adjacent circumferential weld recess and the longitudinal joint recess and assembles its characterized in that: the cross sections of the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove are both V-shaped, triangular wedge-shaped structures are arranged inside the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove, and gaps are formed between vertex angles of the triangular wedge-shaped structures and adjacent duct piece attaching planes; the circular seam sealing strip and the longitudinal seam sealing strip have the same section, the section is a rectangle, two symmetrical isosceles triangles are cut at symmetrical positions of two short sides of the rectangle, apex angles of the isosceles triangles extend to the symmetrical center of the long sides of the rectangle to form gaps, the gaps at two sides and the symmetrical center respectively leave distances to be used as connecting parts, two sides of the sealing strip are of openable, level and inclined cross-section structures, and sealing patches are attached to the inner walls of the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove;
the shapes of the circular seam groove and the two branch grooves of the longitudinal seam groove are consistent, and the shapes of the branch grooves of two adjacent pipe sheets are consistent;
the internal vertex angles of the circular seam groove and the longitudinal seam groove are 70 degrees, and the vertex angles of the expandable patches of the circular seam sealing strip and the longitudinal seam sealing strip are 70 degrees.
2. The wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segments according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing patch is attached to the surface of the inner wall of the groove through a cold vulcanization adhesive.
3. The wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segments according to claim 1, wherein: the sealing patch is made of silicon rubber.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910359756.8A CN110219669B (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | Wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segment |
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| CN201910359756.8A CN110219669B (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | Wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segment |
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| CN110219669A CN110219669A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
| CN110219669B true CN110219669B (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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| CN201910359756.8A Expired - Fee Related CN110219669B (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | Wedged waterproof structure for prefabricated shield segment |
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110608050A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-12-24 | 江苏大成轨道科技有限公司 | Axial self-locking connecting assembly for shield tunnel segment |
| CN112761681B (en) * | 2021-02-04 | 2022-04-22 | 西南交通大学 | Bolt hole waterproof structure of high-head shield tunnel segment |
| CN114215544B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-09-09 | 西南交通大学 | Tunnel longitudinal deformation self-adaptive structure of control by temperature change release |
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| BR9612538A (en) * | 1996-03-04 | 1999-07-20 | Schaeffler Waelzlager Kg | Sealing for a ring piston of a hydraulic clutch release device |
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| FR3031133A1 (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2016-07-01 | Bouygues Travaux Publics | WALL TUNNEL CONSISTING OF JUXTAPOSED TAPES, KIT AND METHOD FOR TURNING OFF A TUNNEL |
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| CN110219669A (en) | 2019-09-10 |
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