CN110218886A - A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive and its production method - Google Patents
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110218886A CN110218886A CN201910564966.0A CN201910564966A CN110218886A CN 110218886 A CN110218886 A CN 110218886A CN 201910564966 A CN201910564966 A CN 201910564966A CN 110218886 A CN110218886 A CN 110218886A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, component and mass percentage are as follows: copper rice 60~95%, 0.2~1.5mm of diameter, length≤6mm, purity >=99.5%；Fluxing agent 4.1~39.85%；Forming lubricant 0.1~0.6%；Waterglass 0.05~0.3%.The fluxing agent is potassium fluoroaluminate, potassium fluosilicate, prodan, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, the two or more mixtures in aluminium powder.The forming lubricant is paraffin powder, polyethylene glycol, mixture one or more kinds of in stearmide.For copper additive of the invention under the conditions of 700~740 DEG C, Cu content can achieve 95% or more casting yield for 5~15 minutes at 0.2~6.5%, and burn-off rate is fast, and casting yield is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of aluminum alloys, are related to additive, especially a kind of aluminium alloy copper additive and its life
Production method.
Background technique
Commercial-purity aluminium density is small, has the performances such as good conductive, thermally conductive, anticorrosive, plastic processing, can be processed into plate,
Band, foil and extruded product etc., but mechanical property is lower, and aluminium alloy is made by the way that alloying element is added into aluminium, can significantly mention
The mechanical properties such as high-tensile, hardness.Copper (Cu) is important one of the alloy element of aluminium alloy, is had in aluminium alloy
Solid solution strengthening effect, the furthermore CuAl of Precipitation2There is apparent ageing strengthening effect, in addition aluminium conjunction also can be improved in copper
The machinery and cutting ability of gold.
The fusing point of copper is 1083.4 DEG C, and 660 DEG C of fusing point than aluminium are 423.4 DEG C high, density 8.96g/cm3, closeer than aluminium
Spend 2.70g/cm3High 6.26g/cm3, such as it is added directly into aluminum melt with fine copper metal and needs to improve smelting temperature, extends melting
Time also easily causes component segregation, is added generally in the form of Al-Cu intermediate alloy at present, but its Cu content generally exists
Within 50%, energy consumption is higher when melting, is lost larger, therefore use cost is also high.Copper additive and Al-Cu intermediate alloy
It compares, has effective content high, Cu content reaches same constituent content its dosage compared with intermediate alloy generally 75% or more
50% or more can be reduced, there are the advantages such as transport, store in a warehouse, use cost is low.
Currently, disclosed copper additive is generally made of copper powder and fluxing agent.Such as Chinese invention patent
CN104946913A discloses a kind of copper additives and preparation method thereof for high-magnesium aluminum alloy founding, mainly by copper powder,
Copper fluxing agent or potassium hexafluoroaluminate composition, the copper suitable for high-magnesium aluminum alloy founding add；Chinese invention patent
CN102492875A discloses a kind of pillow formula aluminum alloy copper additive, and copper additives are mainly made into pillow formula, improves fusing
Speed.
There are one or more of defects for presently disclosed patent: the raw material 1. used are copper powder, and this material needs
Copper is melted at high temperature, then dusts into copper powder, energy consumption is high in production process, and loss is big, the copper coin produced using copper powder
Plain additive has no cost advantage compared with Al-Cu intermediate alloy；2. fluxing agent is single potassium hexafluoroaluminate or undisclosed, this
Single fluxing agent it is fluxing not sufficiently effective, keep the burn-off rate of copper additive slow, casting yield is unstable；3. resting the head on formula aluminium alloy
Although copper additives have faster burn-off rate, but moulding process is more complicated, and monolithic weight is at 50 grams or so, production efficiency
It is lower.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for prior art copper additive burn-off rate, energy consumption, efficiency, in terms of
Deficiency, provide a kind of fast thawing, efficiently, the aluminium alloy copper additive of low cost.
The technical proposal for solving the technical problem of the invention is:
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, component and mass percentage are as follows:
Copper rice 60-95%, 0.2~1.5mm of diameter, length≤6mm, purity >=99.5%；
Fluxing agent 4.1~39.85%
Forming lubricant 0.1~0.6%
Waterglass 0.05~0.3%.
The fluxing agent is potassium fluoroaluminate, in potassium fluosilicate, prodan, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, aluminium powder
Two or more mixtures.
Moreover, the mixing that the forming lubricant is paraffin powder, one or more kinds of in polyethylene glycol, stearmide
Object.
Preferably, component and mass percentage are as follows: copper rice is 60%；Fluxing agent: sodium chloride 5%, potassium chloride 5%, fluorine
Sodium metasilicate 5%, aluminium powder 9%, potassium fluoroaluminate 15.4%；Forming lubricant: paraffin powder 0.3%, polyethylene glycol 0.2%；Waterglass
0.1%.
Preferably, component and mass percentage are as follows: copper rice is 75%；Fluxing agent: potassium chloride 3%, sodium chloride 3%, fluorine
Potassium silicate 5%, sodium sulphate 3%, potassium fluoroaluminate 10.55%；Forming lubricant: polyethylene glycol 0.3%；Waterglass 0.15%.
Preferably, component and mass percentage are as follows: copper rice is 95%；Fluxing agent: potassium fluosilicate 0.5%, potassium fluoroaluminate
0.2%, aluminium powder 3.8%；Forming lubricant: stearmide 0.3%；Waterglass 0.2%.
Copper rice used in the present invention is using the fine copper wire of recycling and reusing as raw material, is crushed, removes plastic skin and be made, this
Low energy consumption, loss is small in kind Material Manufacturing Process, belongs to the recycling of reclaimed materials, therefore have cost advantage compared with copper powder.But when
When copper rice diameter is meticulous, when crushing, is not easy to remove plastic skin, and purity is low, can generate a large amount of flue gases after molten aluminum is added, scaling loss is also big；
When copper rice diameter is excessively thick, copper additive is not easy compression moulding, uneven components, and burn-off rate is slow.In addition, working as copper rice mistake
When long, the mouldability of copper agent and the uniformity of ingredient are also influenced.Therefore, the quality standard of copper rice is as follows in the present invention: diameter 0.2
~1.5mm, length≤6mm, purity >=99.5%.
Fluxing agent used in the present invention, forming lubricant quality standard are as follows: technical grade, purity >=95%, granularity: 20-
325 mesh, moisture < 0.2%.
Copper rice is hour hand shape, is not easy to be uniformly mixed with fluxing agent, and the waterglass of present invention addition 0.05~0.3% is as viscous
Agent is tied, fluxing agent can be made to be adhered to copper rice surface, improve the uniformity of fluxing effect and copper additive component.
Copper additive producing method of the invention is as follows: by satisfactory material according to formula of the present invention
Ratio carry out ingredient, 500~1500 kilograms of every batch of ingredient, by material investment batch mixer mix, incorporation time be 20~
40 minutes.Then the material mixed is pressed into round pie or spherical by hydraulic press, monolithic weight at 200~1000 grams,
4.0~6.5g/cm of density3, using paper bag or packed in cases.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
1. copper additive of the invention is produced using copper rice, copper rice be using the fine copper wire of recycling and reusing as raw material,
Low energy consumption in production process, loss is small, has apparent cost advantage, and purity is high compared with copper powder, can meet copper additive
Quality requirement；
2. copper additive of the invention uses potassium fluoroaluminate, potassium fluosilicate, prodan, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, aluminium
The compound fluxing agent such as powder, compared with single fluxing agent, this compound fluxing agent can be melted rapidly after molten aluminum is added, be decomposed,
Heat is released, copper rice rapid dispersion is promoted to melt into molten aluminum, is in addition added using the copper of this compound fluxing agent
Agent using when have better slag aluminium separating effect, overcome single fluxing agent using rear lime-ash it is tacky, slag aluminium separation difference deficiency；
3. copper additive of the invention is added to aluminium powder and forming lubricant, water glass of binder, copper meter Sheng can be made
The copper additive of production still has good mouldability, meets long-distance transport and export requirement；
4. copper additive monolithic weight of the invention is 50 grams/block pillow formula aluminium under 200~1000 grams, similarity condition
4~20 times of alloyed copper Additive Production efficiency are remarkably improved production efficiency, reduce production cost；
5. copper additive of the invention cannot be only used for the addition of copper in high-magnesium aluminum alloy, pass through the group of formula
It closes, such as containing Na and without Na type, aluminium profiles and pure flux type etc. are applicable to the addition of all Copper In Aluminum Alloys elements, are applicable in
Range is wide；
6. copper additive of the invention, under the conditions of 700~740 DEG C, Cu content is at 0.2~6.5%, and 5~15 points
Clock can achieve 95% or more casting yield, and burn-off rate is fast, and casting yield is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the photo of copper additive prepared by embodiment 2；
Fig. 2 is the photo of copper additive prepared by comparative example 3.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the invention will be further described, and it is not limit that following embodiment, which is descriptive,
Qualitatively, this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, copper content 60%, component and mass percentage are copper rice (diameter
0.5~1.2mm, length≤5.5mm, purity 99.8%) 60%, sodium chloride 5%, potassium chloride 5%, prodan 5%, aluminium powder
9%, potassium fluoroaluminate 15.4%, paraffin powder 0.3%, polyethylene glycol 0.2%, waterglass 0.1%.
Satisfactory material is subjected to ingredient according to formula rate of the present invention, it 600 kilograms of every batch of ingredient, will
Material investment batch mixer is mixed, and incorporation time is 20 minutes.Then, the material mixed is suppressed into balling-up using hydraulic press
Shape, 200 ± 5 grams of monolithic weight, density: 4.2-4.4g/cm3, manufactured copper additive progress ingredient, density and moisture inspection
It surveys, is packed using paper bag according to 15,000 grams/bag after detection is qualified.
Copper of the copper additive prepared according to embodiment 1 for 1120 wrought aluminium alloys adds, and temperature is added
715 DEG C, additional amount 0.40%, Cu content is 0.24% in alloy, and addition stirs evenly after five minutes, sample detection, Cu content
Detected value is 0.23088%, casting yield 96.2%, and slag aluminium good separating effect meets alloy standard.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, copper content 75%, component and mass percentage are copper rice (diameter
0.4~1.0mm, length≤5.0mm, purity 99.7%) 75%, potassium chloride 3%, sodium chloride 3%, potassium fluosilicate 5%, sodium sulphate
3%, potassium fluoroaluminate 10.55%, polyethylene glycol 0.3%, waterglass 0.15%.
By satisfactory material according to formula rate of the present invention carry out ingredient, 1000 kilograms of every batch of ingredient,
Material investment batch mixer is mixed, incorporation time is 30 minutes.Then, the material mixed is pressed into using hydraulic press
Round pie, 500 ± 10 grams of monolithic weight, density: 4.9-5.1g/cm3, manufactured copper additive carry out ingredient, density and
Water content detection is wrapped up after detection is qualified using aluminium foil, and according to 2.5 kilograms/packet, 20 kilograms/carton is packed.
Copper of the copper additive prepared according to embodiment 2 for 2618 wrought aluminium alloys adds, and temperature is added
720 DEG C, additional amount 2.933%, Cu content is 2.20% in alloy, and addition stirs evenly after ten minutes, and sample detection, Cu contains
Detection values are 2.1472%, casting yield 97.6%, and slag aluminium good separating effect meets alloy standard.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, copper content 95%, component and mass percentage are copper rice (diameter
0.3~0.9mm, length≤4.5mm, purity 99.7%) 95%, potassium fluosilicate 0.5%, potassium fluoroaluminate 0.2%, aluminium powder 3.8%,
Stearmide 0.3%, waterglass 0.2%.
By satisfactory material according to formula rate of the present invention carry out ingredient, 1500 kilograms of every batch of ingredient,
Material investment batch mixer is mixed, incorporation time is 40 minutes.Then, the material mixed is pressed into using hydraulic press
Round pie, 1000 ± 10 grams of monolithic weight, density: 6.0-6.2g/cm3, manufactured copper additive carry out ingredient, density and
Water content detection is wrapped up after detection is qualified using aluminium foil, and according to 3 kilograms/packet, 24 kilograms/carton is packed.
Copper of the copper additive prepared according to embodiment 3 for 2219 wrought aluminium alloys adds, and temperature is added
728 DEG C, additional amount 6.316%, Cu content is 6.00% in alloy, is stirred evenly after being added 12 minutes, sample detection, Cu contains
Detection values are 5.7480%, casting yield 95.8%, and slag aluminium good separating effect meets alloy standard.
Comparative example 1
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, copper content 75%, component and mass percentage are copper powder (grain
Degree: -30 mesh, purity 99.8%) 75%, potassium chloride 3%, sodium chloride 3%, potassium fluosilicate 5%, sodium sulphate 3%, potassium fluoroaluminate
10.55%, polyethylene glycol 0.3%, waterglass 0.15%.
By satisfactory material according to formula rate of the present invention carry out ingredient, 1000 kilograms of every batch of ingredient,
Material investment batch mixer is mixed, incorporation time is 30 minutes.Then, the material mixed is pressed into using hydraulic press
Round pie, 500 ± 10 grams of monolithic weight, density: 4.9-5.1g/cm3, manufactured copper additive carry out ingredient, density and
Water content detection is wrapped up after detection is qualified using aluminium foil, and according to 2.5 kilograms/packet, 20 kilograms/carton is packed.
Copper of the copper additive prepared according to comparative example 1 for 2618 wrought aluminium alloys adds, and temperature is added
720 DEG C, additional amount 2.986%, Cu content is 2.24% in alloy, and addition stirs evenly after ten minutes, and sample detection, Cu contains
Detection values are 2.1661%, casting yield 96.7%, and slag aluminium good separating effect meets alloy standard.
Constant price comparison, wherein the price of copper rice is 4.69 ten thousand yuan/ton, and the price of copper powder is 5.29 ten thousand yuan/ton, according to
The copper additive of 75% content calculates, and is produced using copper rice and is produced compared with using copper powder, material cost can reduce: (5.29-
× 7,5%0,000 yuan/ton 4.69)=0.45 ten thousand yuan/ton, it is compared from the application effect of embodiment 2 and comparative example 1, the fusing speed of the two
Spend suitable with casting yield, compared with copper powder, producing copper additive using copper rice can reach same using effect, and material
Cost can significantly reduce.
Comparative example 2
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, copper content 75%, component and mass percentage are copper rice (diameter
0.4~1.0mm, length≤5.0mm, purity 99.7%) 75%, potassium chloride 24.55%, polyethylene glycol 0.3%, waterglass
0.15%.
By satisfactory material according to formula rate of the present invention carry out ingredient, 1000 kilograms of every batch of ingredient,
Material investment batch mixer is mixed, incorporation time is 30 minutes.Then, the material mixed is pressed into using hydraulic press
Round pie, 500 ± 10 grams of monolithic weight, density: 4.9-5.1g/cm3, manufactured copper additive carry out ingredient, density and
Water content detection is wrapped up after detection is qualified using aluminium foil, and according to 2.5 kilograms/packet, 20 kilograms/carton is packed.
Copper of the copper additive prepared according to comparative example 2 for 2618 wrought aluminium alloys adds, and temperature is added
720 DEG C, additional amount 2.919%, Cu content is 2.19% in alloy, and addition stirs evenly after ten minutes, and sample detection, Cu contains
Detection values are 1.98414%, casting yield 90.6%, are stirred evenly after being added 15 minutes, sample detection, Cu content detection value
It is 2.10897%, casting yield 96.3% meets alloy standard.
It is compared from the application effect of embodiment 2 and comparative example 2, it is more single using the copper additive of compound fluxing agent
The fusing time of fluxing agent can shorten about 5 minutes, improve the production efficiency of aluminium alloy, reduce energy consumption.The fusing point of potassium chloride is 770
DEG C, higher than the smelting temperature of aluminium alloy, and compound fluxing agent can form the lower eutectic of fusing point relative to single fluxing agent,
Fusing point can shorten the fusing time of copper additive at 700 DEG C hereinafter, therefore there is better fluxing effect.
Comparative example 3
A kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, copper content 75%, component and mass percentage are copper rice (diameter
0.4~1.0mm, length≤5.0mm, purity 99.7%) 75%, potassium chloride 3%, sodium chloride 3%, potassium fluosilicate 5%, sodium sulphate
3%, potassium fluoroaluminate 10.7%, polyethylene glycol 0.3%.
By satisfactory material according to formula rate of the present invention carry out ingredient, 1000 kilograms of every batch of ingredient,
Material investment batch mixer is mixed, incorporation time is 30 minutes.Then, the material mixed is pressed into using hydraulic press
Round pie, 500 ± 10 grams of monolithic weight, density: 4.9-5.1g/cm3, manufactured copper additive carry out ingredient, density and
Water content detection is wrapped up after detection is qualified using aluminium foil, and according to 2.5 kilograms/packet, 20 kilograms/carton is packed.
Fig. 2 is the copper additive for being not added with the comparative example 3 of waterglass and preparing, and locally has the segregation of copper rice, appearance is not
Uniformly；Fig. 1 is the copper additive for adding the embodiment 2 of waterglass and preparing, appearance uniform, good moldability.
Table 1 is the effect and its proportion of each component part of copper additive of the invention.
Table 1
What has been described above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, under the premise of not departing from inventive concept, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of aluminium alloy copper additive, component and mass percentage are as follows:
Copper rice 60~95%, 0.2~1.5mm of diameter, length≤6mm, purity >=99.5%；
Fluxing agent 4.1~39.85%；
Forming lubricant 0.1~0.6%；
Waterglass 0.05~0.3%；
The fluxing agent is potassium fluoroaluminate, potassium fluosilicate, prodan, sodium sulphate, potassium chloride, sodium chloride, two in aluminium powder
Kind or more mixture.
2. aluminium alloy according to claim 1 copper additive, it is characterised in that: the forming lubricant is stone
Wax powder, polyethylene glycol, mixture one or more kinds of in stearmide.
3. aluminium alloy according to claim 1 copper additive, it is characterised in that: component and mass percentage
Are as follows:
Copper rice is 60%；
Fluxing agent: sodium chloride 5%, potassium chloride 5%, prodan 5%, aluminium powder 9%, potassium fluoroaluminate 15.4%；
Forming lubricant: paraffin powder 0.3%, polyethylene glycol 0.2%；
Waterglass 0.1%.
4. aluminium alloy according to claim 1 copper additive, it is characterised in that: component and mass percentage
Are as follows:
Copper rice is 75%；
Fluxing agent: potassium chloride 3%, sodium chloride 3%, potassium fluosilicate 5%, sodium sulphate 3%, potassium fluoroaluminate 10.55%；
Forming lubricant: polyethylene glycol 0.3%；
Waterglass 0.15%.
5. aluminium alloy according to claim 1 copper additive, it is characterised in that: component and mass percentage
Are as follows:
Copper rice is 95%；
Fluxing agent: potassium fluosilicate 0.5%, potassium fluoroaluminate 0.2%, aluminium powder 3.8%；
Forming lubricant: stearmide 0.3%；
Waterglass 0.2%.
6. aluminium alloy according to claim 1 copper additive, it is characterised in that: production method are as follows: every batch of is matched
Each component is matched investment batch mixer by it and mixed by 500~1500 kilograms of material, and incorporation time is 20~40 minutes, then
The material mixed is pressed into round pie or spherical by hydraulic press, monolithic weight at 200~1000 grams, density 4.0~
6.5g/cm3, packaging.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN111057894A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-24 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 | Novel metal composite additive for aluminum alloy smelting and preparation method thereof |
| CN111139382A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-12 | 河北四通新型金属材料股份有限公司 | Manganese element additive for aluminum magnesium alloy and production method thereof |
| CN111876620A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-03 | 浙江今飞凯达轮毂股份有限公司 | Titanium element additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN114959323A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨东盛金材科技股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly metal composite additive for aluminum melt |
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| CN111057894A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-04-24 | 昆明冶金研究院有限公司 | Novel metal composite additive for aluminum alloy smelting and preparation method thereof |
| CN111139382A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-05-12 | 河北四通新型金属材料股份有限公司 | Manganese element additive for aluminum magnesium alloy and production method thereof |
| CN111139382B (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2021-10-22 | 立中四通轻合金集团股份有限公司 | Manganese element additive for aluminum magnesium alloy and production method thereof |
| CN111876620A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-03 | 浙江今飞凯达轮毂股份有限公司 | Titanium element additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN114959323A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-08-30 | 哈尔滨东盛金材科技股份有限公司 | Environment-friendly metal composite additive for aluminum melt |
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