CN110218796B - 用于乳腺癌骨转移诊疗的新靶标pcdhb2 - Google Patents
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- CN110218796B CN110218796B CN201910569944.3A CN201910569944A CN110218796B CN 110218796 B CN110218796 B CN 110218796B CN 201910569944 A CN201910569944 A CN 201910569944A CN 110218796 B CN110218796 B CN 110218796B
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于乳腺癌骨转移诊疗的新靶标PCDHB2。本发明确定了PCDHB2在伴骨转移的多个亚型乳腺癌组织中显著高表达,PCDHB2在全部类型乳腺癌组织、BasL乳腺癌组织和其他类型(LumA型、LumB型、Her2型)乳腺癌组织中的高表达预示着更早的骨转移发生,且与乳腺癌其他部位(脑、肺、肝)的远处转移无关,暗示PCDHB2能够较为特异地预示乳腺癌骨转移的发生。下调PCDHB2表达能够显著抑制乳腺癌细胞骨转移,并且抑制乳腺癌细胞的抗失巢凋亡,以及迁移和侵袭能力,PCDHB2是乳腺癌骨转移的诊断、预后、治疗的新靶标。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物医学领域,更具体地涉及用于乳腺癌骨转移诊疗的新靶标PCDHB2。
背景技术
随着营养结构改变及老龄化趋势,乳腺癌的发生率有显著增长的趋势。在乳腺癌患者中,约70%患者死时伴有至少一处骨转移灶;甚至在出现临床症状之前,乳腺癌患者就已经存在骨转移灶,或原位乳腺癌治疗后没有出现骨转移,但在数年,甚至十几年后出现骨转移灶,给临床治疗带来了极大的困难。肿瘤发生骨转移后,伴随而来的是骨相关并发症,如疼痛、高血钙症、病理性骨折、脊髓或神经根压迫等,严重地影响患者的生活质量及生存时间。目前针对乳腺癌骨转移的治疗均属姑息性,无论是手术、放疗以及药物治疗,只是缓解及改善相应症状,并不能明显提高患者的生存预期。一旦发生骨转移,不仅严重影响了患者的生活质量与寿命,也给临床治疗带来极大的困难。
近年来,针对乳腺癌骨转移诊断及预后分子标志物的研究取得了很大的进展,但目前临床上依然缺乏能有效预测乳腺癌骨转移,并作为治疗靶点的特异性分子标志物。因此,寻找可靠的评估肿瘤骨转移的分子标志物,是找到肿瘤骨转移预防和治疗的关键因素。
随着肿瘤治疗迈入精准化时代,乳腺癌其复杂的临床生物学行为背后必然有着基因表达谱上的差异。乳腺癌按其编码基因表达谱差异可分为五个分子亚型:管腔癌A型(Luminal A, LumA)、管腔癌B型(Luminal B, LumB)、人表皮生长因子受体2过表达型(HER2overexpression, Her2)、基底细胞样型(Basal-like, BasL)和正常细胞样型(Normal-like, NormL),在高转移倾向的LumB型,Her2型和BasL型乳腺癌中,相较于乳腺癌的其它常见转移部位,例如肺和脑,骨是最常见的远处转移部位。其中在LumB型和Her2型中,骨是最易转移的部位,分别占总转移部位的71.4%和65%;而在BasL型中,骨转移发生率仅次于肺和脑,占总转移部位的39%。
基于以上临床需求,寻找乳腺癌骨转移诊疗的新靶标,不仅有助于早期诊断和发现具有骨转移倾向的乳腺癌患者,而且能为其设计针对性的干预及治疗方案,改善其治疗效果以及其临床转归,最终达到预防与治疗骨转移的目标,具有极为重要的临床意义。
鉴于此,提出本发明。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:
第一方面提供用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移体外诊断制剂的用途。
第二方面提供用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移倾向的预后制剂的用途。
第三方面提供PCDHB2的抑制性试剂在制备预防、抑制和/或治疗乳腺癌骨转移药物中的用途。
本发明所采取的技术方案是:
用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移体外诊断制剂的用途。
进一步的,将测得乳腺癌受试者的样品的PCDHB2表达水平与对照值进行比较,如果显著高于对照值,那么受试者为骨转移阳性诊断。
用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移倾向的预后制剂的用途。
进一步的,所述预后包括:将测得乳腺癌受试者的样品的PCDHB2表达水平与对照值进行比较,如果显著高于对照值,那么受试者具有更高的发生骨转移倾向。
进一步的,乳腺癌受试者包括未经过分子分型、或经过分子分型,所述分子分型包括BasL型、LumA型、LumB型、Her2型、NormL型。
进一步的,所述表达水平包括mRNA水平和蛋白水平。
所述定量PCDHB2 mRNA水平的试剂选自:引物、探针、基因芯片;
所述定量PCDHB2蛋白水平的试剂选自:抗体、蛋白芯片。
PCDHB2的抑制性试剂在制备预防、抑制和/或治疗乳腺癌骨转移药物中的用途。
进一步的,所述PCDHB2的抑制性试剂选自:能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2基因表达的物质,能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2蛋白发挥功效的物质。
进一步的,所述PCDHB2的抑制性试剂选自:蛋白质、寡核苷酸、寡核苷酸表达载体、小分子化合物。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明确定了PCDHB2在伴骨转移的多个亚型乳腺癌组织中显著高表达,PCDHB2在全部类型乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型(LumA型、LumB型、Her2型)乳腺癌组织中的高表达预示着更早的骨转移发生,且与乳腺癌其他部位(脑、肺、肝)的远处转移无关,暗示PCDHB2能够较为特异地预示乳腺癌骨转移的发生。下调PCDHB2表达能够显著抑制乳腺癌细胞骨转移,并且抑制乳腺癌细胞的抗失巢凋亡,以及迁移和侵袭能力,PCDHB2是乳腺癌骨转移的诊断、预后、治疗的新靶标。
附图说明
图1:实施例1中29例乳腺癌组织的PCDHB2 mRNA相对表达量,其中,nBO.meta.in7y表示7年内无骨转移的乳腺癌组织,BO.meta.in 7y表示7年内发生骨转移的乳腺癌组织。
图2:实施例1中4例无骨转移的乳腺癌组织与4例7年内发生骨转移的乳腺癌组织的PCDHB2蛋白表达情况,其中,nBO.meta.in 7y表示7年内无骨转移的乳腺癌组织,BO.meta.in 7y表示7年内发生骨转移的乳腺癌组织。
图3:实施例2中472例全类型乳腺癌组织和52例良性乳腺增生组织的免疫组化情况,其中,图A为免疫组化染色图,图B为免疫组化评分图,图C为各类样本免疫组化评分分布图,Benign表示良性乳腺增生组织,Malignant表示全类型乳腺癌组织。
图4:PCDHB2表达水平与无骨转移生存时间的关系,图A、B、C分别统计实施例2中全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中PCDHB2表达与患者无骨转移生存时间(BoMFS)的分析结果,其中,L表示低表达,H表示高表达。
图5:实施例3中PCDHB2表达水平与不同器官转移生存时间的关系,图A-C分别统计全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中PCDHB2表达与患者无脑转移生存时间(BrMFS)的分析结果,图D-F分别统计全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中PCDHB2表达与患者无肺转移生存时间(LuMFS)的分析结果,图G-I分别统计全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中PCDHB2表达与患者无肝转移生存时间(LiMFS)的分析结果,图J-L分别统计全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中PCDHB2表达与患者远处转移生存时间(DMFS)的分析结果,其中,L表示低表达,H表示高表达。
图6:实施例4中下调PCDHB2对体内骨转移及体外侵袭和迁移的影响,图A为各组细胞模型中PCDHB2表达水平的western blot结果;图B为BLI成像示意图,图C为骨X射线图,图D为骨H&E染色图,图E为骨转移评分结果,图F为骨转移瘤在H&E中的骨破坏面积的评分,图G为无骨转移生存曲线,图H为各细胞模型的体外侵袭和迁移结果;图中vector为转染有对照质粒的模型,shPCDHB2RNA#1和shPCDHB2RNA#2为转染有PCDHB2稳定下调表达的模型,PCDHB2为转染有PCDHB2稳定表达的模型。
图7:实施例5中下调PCDHB2对乳腺癌细胞抗失巢凋亡能力的影响,图A和B分别为流式细胞仪检测各组细胞模型的凋亡情况及线粒体膜电位情况,图C为各组细胞模型中抗凋亡蛋白(BCL2和BCL2L1)和促凋亡蛋白(BAD和BAX)的蛋白表达情况,图中vector为转染有对照质粒的模型,shPCDHB2RNA#1和shPCDHB2RNA#2为转染有PCDHB2稳定下调表达的模型,PCDHB2为转染有PCDHB2稳定表达的模型。
具体实施方式
发明人通过转录本测序及蛋白水平检测,确定了原钙粘附蛋白2(ProtocadherinBeta 2,PCDHB2)在伴骨转移的多个亚型乳腺癌组织中显著高表达,此外,发明人还确认了PCDHB2 在全部类型乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型(LumA型、LumB型、Her2型)乳腺癌组织中的高表达,预示着更早的骨转移发生,并且PCDHB2与乳腺癌其他部位(脑、肺、肝)的远处转移无关,以上毫无疑义的确定,PCDHB2能特异地作为乳腺癌骨转移的诊断和预后指标。
为此,第一方面,本发明提出用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移体外诊断制剂的用途。
所述诊断包括:将测得乳腺癌受试者的样品的PCDHB2表达水平与对照值进行比较,如果显著高于对照值,那么为骨转移阳性诊断。
作为一种实施方式,对照值是根据大量乳腺癌骨转移阴性样本的PCDHB2表达水平设置的阈值。
作为一种实施方式,对照值是根据乳腺癌受试者自身未发生骨转移时PCDHB2表达水平所设置的阈值。
作为一种实施方式,乳腺癌受试者未经过分子分型。
作为一种实施方式,乳腺癌受试者经过分子分型。
所述分子分型包括BasL型、LumA型、LumB型、Her2型、NormL型。
第二方面,本发明提出用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移倾向的预后制剂的用途。
所述预后包括:将测得乳腺癌受试者的样品的PCDHB2表达水平与对照值进行比较,如果显著高于对照值,那么受试者具有更高的发生骨转移倾向。
作为一种实施方式,对照值可根据大量乳腺癌样本的PCDHB2表达水平与肿瘤免疫组化染色指数确定,如本发明实施例2,定义染色指数(SI)大于或等于6分为PCDHB2高表达,预示着有更高的发生骨转移风险,SI小于6为PCDHB2低表达,预示着较低的发生骨转移风险。
作为一种实施方式,乳腺癌受试者未经过分子分型。
作为一种实施方式,乳腺癌受试者经过分子分型。
所述分子分型包括BasL型、LumA型、LumB型、Her2型、NormL型。
本领域技术人员应该理解,本发明所述未经过分子分型是指未对乳腺癌受试者进行分子分型诊断,所述经过分子分型是乳腺癌受试者已确定分子分型,如已确定为BasL型乳腺癌、或LumA型乳腺癌、或LumB型乳腺癌、或Her2型乳腺癌、或NormL型乳腺癌。
本发明所述的受试者的样品可以选自从受试者分离的体液样品、肿瘤样品;体液包括但不限于血液、血浆、血清、淋巴液、脑脊髓液、滑液、尿液、唾液、粘液等;肿瘤样品的形式包括但不限于活体组织、石蜡包埋组织、冰冻组织等形式。受试者的样品也可以选自可以从受试者分离的细胞,比如外周血单个核细胞、T淋巴细胞、B淋巴细胞、循环肿瘤细胞等。
所述表达水平包括mRNA水平和蛋白水平。
作为一种实施方式,所述定量PCDHB2 mRNA水平的试剂选自引物、探针、基因芯片。
作为一种实施方式,所述定量PCDHB2蛋白水平的试剂选自抗体、蛋白芯片。
发明人通过动物体内和细胞体外实验,确定了下调或抑制原钙粘附蛋白2(Protocadherin Beta 2,PCDHB2)表达能够显著抑制小鼠体内乳腺癌细胞骨转移,并且抑制乳腺癌细胞的抗失巢凋亡,以及迁移和侵袭能力;以上毫无疑义的确定,PCDHB2能特异地作为乳腺癌骨转移的治疗靶点。
第三方面,本发明提出PCDHB2的抑制性试剂在制备预防、抑制和/或治疗乳腺癌骨转移药物中的用途。
所述PCDHB2的抑制性试剂选自:能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2基因表达的物质,能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2蛋白发挥功效的物质。
进一步说明,能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2基因表达的物质可以是通过中断PCDHB2基因的转录和/或阻断PCDHB2基因的mRNA翻译实现;能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2蛋白发挥功效的物质至少应理解为能够抑制PCDHB2蛋白的活性、有效作用时长、稳定性的物质。
其中,所述PCDHB2的抑制性试剂选自:蛋白质、寡核苷酸、寡核苷酸表达载体、小分子化合物,但不限于此。进一步说明,表达载体可选用病毒载体或真核载体。
术语“无骨转移”在医学领域是指未发生伴骨转移,通常来说,对收集的肿瘤样本进行分析,如果肿瘤样本未发生骨转移,则归类为无骨转移肿瘤样本,本领域技术人员应该知晓,无骨转移肿瘤样本可能是未发生任何转移的肿瘤样本,也有可能是发生了其他非骨转移(如肝、脑、肺)的肿瘤样本。
下面通过具体的实施例进一步说明本发明,但是,应当理解为,这些实施例仅仅是用于更详细地说明之用,而不应理解为用于以任何形式限制本发明。
下述实验例中所使用的实验方法或实验条件,如无特殊说明,均按常规方法或厂家说明书进行,下述实验例中所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1、PCDHB2在伴骨转移的乳腺癌组织中高表达
对收集的29例乳腺癌组织进行转录本测序,29例乳腺癌组织包括12例临床病理分期相同的LumB型乳腺癌组织(4例7年内发生骨转移;8例7年内无骨转移),9例Her2型乳腺癌组织(3例7年内发生骨转移;6例7年内无骨转移)和8例BasL型乳腺癌组织(3例7年内发生骨转移;5例7年内无骨转移),比较在7年内发生骨转移乳腺癌组织与7年内无骨转移乳腺癌组织之间差异表达的基因,发现在7年内发生骨转移乳腺癌组织中有62个基因表达上调和353个基因表达下调,其中如图1所示,PCDHB2在伴骨转移乳腺癌组织中显著表达上调。
进一步挑选4 例伴有骨转移乳腺癌组织和4例无骨转移乳腺癌组织检测 PCDHB2蛋白表达水平,采用western blot检测方法:取约100mg的待测组织,在液氮中用研钵碾碎,加入RIPA裂解液冰上裂解30min,收集裂解液,4℃,12,000g离心15min,收集上清,按BCA蛋白定量试剂盒说明书进行蛋白定量,向上清液加入体积量1/4的5×上样缓冲液,沸水浴10min后,冰浴5min。使用SDS PAGE蛋白电泳系统,上样量为30μg总蛋白,电泳参数为10%分离胶、5%浓缩胶,100V电泳90min至溴盼蓝指示剂迁移至底部后,进行电转移,使用0.45μm的PVDF膜,300mAl冰浴电转90min。电转结束后,膜使用5%脱脂奶粉封闭,TBST漂洗3遍5min,加入PCDHB2抗体,4℃孵育过夜,TBST漂洗3遍5min,加入封闭液稀释的二抗,室温孵育lh,TBST漂洗3遍5min,加入ECL发光液,置于压片夹中X光底片感光lmin至20min,经显影定影处理,以α-tubulin为对照;其中,PCDHB2抗体、α-tubulin抗体、二抗均购自Cell SignalingTechnology。检测结果如图2所示,PCDHB2蛋白在伴有骨转移乳腺癌组织中显著高于无骨转移乳腺癌组织。
实施例2、PCDHB2 特异性在BasL乳腺癌中高表达,且预示着更早的骨转移风险
收集472例全类型乳腺癌组织,包括LumA型125例,LumB型140例,Her2型47例,BasL型160例,以及52例良性乳腺增生组织,进行免疫组化分析,方法如下:
先将组织切片65℃热处理1h后,置二甲苯脱蜡2次每次5min;将切片依次用100%乙醇、95%乙醇、85%乙醇、75%乙醇和纯水水化,每次1min;取出后滴加3%过氧化氢室温孵育10min灭活内源性过氧化物酶;将切片置于盛有EDTA pH9.0修复液的容器中,高压锅高压修复10min;取出切片后用免疫组化笔包围组织并用PBS缓冲液漂洗3min,甩干后滴加山羊血清封闭液(试剂A)室温孵育20min;去除试剂A滴加用抗体稀释液稀释好的PCDHB2一抗工作液4℃孵育过夜;去除一抗后用PBST缓冲液漂洗3次每次5min,甩干后滴入生物素标记的二抗工作液(试剂B),室温孵育20min;弃去试剂B后用PBST缓冲液漂洗3次每次5min,甩干后滴加辣根过氧化物酶标记的链霉亲和素工作液(试剂C),室温孵育10min;弃去试剂C后用PBST缓冲液漂洗3次每次5min,甩干后滴加DAB显色液,室温孵育1min~5min;将切片浸入自来水中终止显色,苏木素染液复染1min,自来水清洗后用盐酸酒精分化5s;将切片用75%乙醇、85%乙醇、95%乙醇、100%乙醇梯度脱水,每次3min,再置37℃干燥箱处理30min,环保树脂封片剂封片。
根据免疫组化的肿瘤细胞阳性率及染色深度对蛋白的表达进行综合评分。首先根据切片肿瘤细胞的阳性率进行评分,没有阳性的肿瘤细胞:0分;<10%肿瘤细胞为阳性:1分;10%~35%肿瘤细胞为阳性:2分;35%~70%肿瘤细胞为阳性:3分;>70%肿瘤细胞为阳性:4分。然后根据阳性肿瘤细胞的总体染色深度进行评分:没有染色信号为0分;淡黄色为1分;深黄色为2分;棕黄色为3分。最后将阳性率评分与染色强度评分相乘,得到0、1、2、3、4、6、8、9或12共9个等级的免疫组化染色评分(Staining index,SI)。
结果如图3所示,PCDHB2在BasL 乳腺癌组织中特异性高表达。
根据全部类型组织中PCDHB2的染色指数(Staining index, SI)分布情况,我们定义染色指数(SI)大于或等于6分为PCDHB2高表达,SI小于6则为PCDHB2低表达。进一步根据PCDHB2在全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中的免疫组化评分进行乳腺癌无骨转移生存期(Bone metastasis free survival, BoMFS)分析时发现,如图4所示,PCDHB2 在全部类型乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中的高表达,预示着更早的骨转移发生。
以上结果表明,PCDHB2 特异性在BasL 乳腺癌中异常高表达,且PCDHB2 高表达在多个亚型乳腺癌中预示着更高的骨转移风险。
实施例3、PCDHB2 较为特异预示乳腺癌骨转移的发生
进一步利用实施例2的样本,在全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中分析PCDHB2的表达水平与不同器官转移的临床相关性,结果如图5所示,PCDHB2 的表达在全部类型的乳腺癌组织、BasL 乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中与无脑转移生存时间(Brain metastasis free survival, BrMFS)、无肺转移生存时间(Lungmetastasis free survival, LuMFS)和无肝转移生存时间(Liver metastasis freesurvival, LiMFS)均无统计学意义(P > 0.05);但在计入骨转移生存情况的无远处转移生存时间(Distant metastasis free survival, DMFS)中,PCDHB2 的高表达在全部类型的乳腺癌组织和其他类型乳腺癌组织中预示着更早的远处转移发生。以上结果表明,虽然PCDHB2高表达与乳腺癌远处转移相关,但出人意料的是,PCDHB2与乳腺癌其他部位(脑、肺、肝)的远处转移无关,并且结合实施例2的结果,可以确定PCDHB2在乳腺癌组织的高表达较为特异地预示着更高更早的骨转移风险。
综合实施例1-3的结果可以看出:
利用定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂能够对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移体外诊断,如使用PCDHB2抗体或含有PCDHB2抗体的检测试剂盒,采用western blot、免疫组化、酶联免疫检测、化学发光免疫检测或其他本领域常规检测技术定量乳腺癌受试者中的PCDHB2蛋白水平,并与对照值(如根据实施例中的无骨转移的乳腺癌组织测量的统计学值)进行比较,如果显著高于对照值,那么受试者为骨转移阳性诊断。
利用定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂能够对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移倾向的预后,如使用PCDHB2抗体或含有PCDHB2抗体的检测试剂盒,采用western blot、酶联免疫检测、化学发光免疫检测或其他本领域常规检测技术定量乳腺癌受试者中的PCDHB2蛋白水平,并与对照值(如根据实施例2中用于区分高表达和低表达PCDHB2的免疫组化染色指数)进行比较,如果显著高于对照值,那么受试者具有更高的发生骨转移倾向。
实施例4、下调PCDHB2 抑制乳腺癌细胞体内骨转移和细胞外侵袭和迁移
以BasL型乳腺癌为例,构建稳定下调和过表达PCDHB2的细胞模型,方法如下:
细胞培养:选用BasL乳腺癌细胞MDA-MB-231和MDA-MB-468,均购自中国科学院细胞库,细胞生长于1640 培养基(Hyclone),同时加入10%胎牛血清、500mg/ml 谷胺酰胺、250mg/ml 氯霉素、200mg/ml青霉素,培养于温度为37℃,二氧化碳浓度为5%的细胞培养箱中;根据观察细胞状态及密度,每2-3天更换培养基,以细胞密度长至70~80%时实验使用为宜。
稳定下调PCDHB2 细胞模型的建立:采用逆转录病毒载体(pSuper-retro-puro)构建稳定表达荧光素酶的人PCDHB2 shRNA质粒(简称RNA干扰质粒),分别构建有shPCDHB2#1和shPCDHB2#2,以上构建委托广州市锐博生物科技有限公司完成。将PCDHB2 shRNA质粒及其对照质粒分别感染BasL 型乳腺癌细胞系MAD-MB-231和MDA-MB-468,采用实施例1所述的Western blot 检测细胞株的PCDHB2表达情况。
稳定上调PCDHB2 细胞模型的建立:采用逆转录病毒载体(pMSCV-retro-puro) 构建稳定表达荧光素酶的人PCDHB2表达质粒,以上构建委托广州市锐博生物科技有限公司完成。将人PCDHB2表达质粒及其对照质粒分别感染BasL 型乳腺癌细胞系MDA-MB-468,采用实施例1所述的Western blot 检测细胞株的PCDHB2表达情况。
结果如图6A所示,shPCDHB2#2质粒构建的细胞模型能够高效且稳定下调PCDHB2表达,PCDHB2表达质粒构建的细胞模型能够高效且稳定上调PCDHB2表达。
利用以上构建的细胞模型建立对应的小鼠体内模型,方法如下:采用4-5周龄的裸鼠作为研究对象,小鼠购买自北京华阜康生物科技股份有限公司,小鼠用2%异氟烷吸入麻醉,随将密度为1×106个/ mL 的细胞注射入已经麻醉小鼠的左心室。4-6 周后,用颈部脱臼法处死小鼠,通过Xenogen 体内成像系统检测小鼠体内肿瘤形成的大小及转移情况,并用CCD 相机拍照。最后通过解剖取出肿瘤及转移组织,测量称重后固定,包埋切片进行HE染色及相关的免疫组化染色观察。其中,根据HE染色对每只动物的骨破坏程度进行评分,表示为平方毫米,根据以下标准对骨转移进行评分:0:无转移;1:骨损伤覆盖骨宽度小于1/4;2:骨损伤覆盖骨宽度1/4~1/2;3:骨损伤覆盖骨宽度1/2~3/4;4:骨损伤覆盖骨宽度大于3/4;每只动物的骨转移评分来自四肢评分综合。
结果如图6B-G所示,下调PCDHB2 显著降低了MDA-MB-231细胞骨转移灶形成的数量和骨破坏总面积,延长了小鼠无骨转移生存期。
进一步通过体外迁移与侵袭实验验证下调PCDHB2的功能,具体实施方法如下:将含有约1×104个乳腺癌细胞的100 μL无血清培养基加入transwell小室,用50 mg/L 的matrigel 包被或不包被transwell小室的polycarbonate滤膜,下室加入含有10%胎牛血清的培养基作趋化剂。37℃培养24~48小时,70%酒精固定膜上细胞,进一步结晶紫染色。最后,利用100×显微镜进行观察、计数transwell底膜下侧附着的细胞并拍照。计数标准:随机选择5个视野计数穿膜的侵袭细胞,取5个视野中穿膜的侵袭细胞数平均值来评估肿瘤细胞的迁移或侵袭能力。
对各组细胞模型进行迁移和侵袭测试,结果如图6H所示,上调PCDHB2增加了乳腺癌细胞的迁移、侵袭能力;而下调PCDHB2则降低了其迁移、侵袭能力。
以上动物实验和体外细胞实验结果显示,下调PCDHB2能显著抑制乳腺癌细胞的体内骨转移能力和体外迁移和侵袭能力。
实施例5、下调PCDHB2 抑制乳腺癌细胞抗失巢凋亡能力
肿瘤细胞脱离细胞外基质,进入循环系统,通过失巢凋亡抵抗机制,从而在循环中存活并播散、定植于远处转移器官。进一步通过抗凋亡和线粒体膜电位实验研究PCDHB2对乳腺癌细胞抗失巢凋亡能力的影响。
抗细胞凋亡实验方法如下:以每孔1×106个细胞/孔的密度将乳腺癌细胞接种到低吸付60mm培养皿中。培养48小时后,收集细胞,在1500rpm条件下离心3分钟。用预冷的1×PBS反复洗涤细胞2次后,在1500rpm条件下离心3分钟,加入500μl的Binding buffer,重悬细胞;在细胞悬液中加入5 μl Annexin V-FITC 混匀,再加入5 μl PI,在室温下避光反应5~15 分钟;反应完毕后小时 h 内上流式细胞仪分析乳腺癌细胞的凋亡情况。
JC-1线粒体膜电位实验 细胞线粒体膜电位采用JC-1检测试剂盒(凯基生物),操作按试剂说明书操作:弃去原培养液,用PBS洗涤细胞培养面2次,加入配制好的1 ml JC-1染色工作液,37°C避光孵育20 min,弃去上清液,用0.25%胰酶消化细胞,PBS洗涤并重悬细胞。随即进行流式细胞分析仪检测,调整并收集每个样品的前散射光(FSC)、侧散射光(SSC)、绿光(JC-1 Green)和红光(JC-1 Red)四个通道的信号,并以FSC/SSC作散点图圈出主细胞群,再以JC-1 Green/Red对主细胞群作图分出JC-1 Green阳性、JC-1 Red阳性的高线粒体电位细胞(Q2细胞群),JC-1 Green阳性、JC-1 Red阴性的低线粒体电位细胞(Q4细胞群)。
Western blot检测抗失巢凋亡相关基因的表达,检测方法同实施例1所述,所用一抗分别为BCL2、BCL2L1、BAD、BAX抗体,购自Cell Signaling Technology。
结果如图7所示,下调PCDHB2能显著降低癌细胞的抗失巢凋亡能力(图7A和B),下调PCDHB2 抑制了抗失巢凋亡相关基因(BCL2 和BCL2L1)的表达,升高了促失巢凋亡相关基因(BAD 和BAX)的表达;而上调PCDHB2则升高了BCL2 和BCL2L1的表达,降低了BAD 和BAX的表达(图7C)。上述实验结果显示,下调PCDHB2 抑制BasL 乳腺癌细胞的抗失巢凋亡能力。
Claims (8)
1.用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移体外诊断制剂的用途。
2.用于定量PCDHB2表达水平的试剂在制备对乳腺癌受试者进行骨转移倾向的预后制剂的用途。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的用途,其特征在于:乳腺癌受试者包括未经过分子分型、或经过分子分型,所述分子分型包括BasL型、LumA型、LumB型、Her2型、NormL型。
4.根据权利要求1-2任一项所述的用途,其特征在于:所述表达水平包括mRNA水平和蛋白水平。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用途,其特征在于:
所述定量PCDHB2 mRNA水平的试剂选自:引物、探针、基因芯片;
所述定量PCDHB2蛋白水平的试剂选自:抗体、蛋白芯片。
6.PCDHB2的抑制性试剂在制备预防、抑制和/或治疗乳腺癌骨转移药物中的用途。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于:所述PCDHB2的抑制性试剂选自:能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2基因表达的物质,能够全部或部分抑制PCDHB2蛋白发挥功效的物质。
8.根据权利要求6所述的用途,其特征在于:所述PCDHB2的抑制性试剂选自:蛋白质、寡核苷酸、寡核苷酸表达载体、小分子化合物。
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Application publication date: 20190910 Assignee: Jiangmen Yifengtang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: JIANGMEN CENTRAL Hospital Contract record no.: X2023980036579 Denomination of invention: PCDHB2, a new target for diagnosis and treatment of bone metastases from breast cancer Granted publication date: 20200117 License type: Common License Record date: 20230614 |