CN110216509A - A kind of tool changing device and its cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool - Google Patents
A kind of tool changing device and its cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN110216509A CN110216509A CN201910470332.9A CN201910470332A CN110216509A CN 110216509 A CN110216509 A CN 110216509A CN 201910470332 A CN201910470332 A CN 201910470332A CN 110216509 A CN110216509 A CN 110216509A
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- cutter
- arm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
- B23Q3/157—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools
- B23Q3/15773—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling of rotary tools a transfer device taking the tool from a storage device and passing it on to other transfer devices, which insert it in a spindle
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- Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of tool changing device of numerically-controlled machine tool and its cutter replacing methods, including tool magazine mechanism, spindle box, main shaft, cutter-exchange mechanism, the main shaft knife loosening mechanism for discharging main shaft lower end cutter is provided on spindle box, main shaft knife loosening mechanism includes loose tool apron and loose tool arm, loose tool apron is fixedly mounted on spindle box, loose knife idler wheel when being provided with loose knife on loose tool arm for pressing to the compression bar on main shaft, main shaft knife loosening mechanism further includes servo drive, servo drive is set on loose tool apron and drives end downwards, one end of loose tool arm is rotationally connected on spindle box, the other end of loose tool arm is located at the underface at servo drive driving end, link mechanism is provided between the middle part of loose tool arm and loose tool apron, link mechanism is used for so that loose tool arm is located at one end below servo drive in vacant state.Its key points of the technical solution are that the tool changing device of this numerically-controlled machine tool accelerates tool changing efficiency by way of loose knife in advance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerical control machine tool technique field, in particular to the tool changing device of a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool and its tool changing side
Method.
Background technique
Numerically-controlled machine tool is the abbreviation of numerically-controlled machine tool, is a kind of automated machine tool equipped with digital control system.Numerical control this be
System, which can be handled logically, has control coding or other symbolic instruction regulated procedures, and is decoded, with the number of code
Word indicates, inputs numerical control device by information carrier.Various control signals are issued by numerical control device through calculation process, control lathe
Movement, shape and size by drawing automatically process part.
Existing publication No. is that the Chinese patent of CN108098421A discloses a kind of tool changing dress for horizontal Machining centers
It sets, including rack, tool magazine mechanism, cutter-exchange mechanism, spindle processing mechanism.Tool magazine mechanism includes capstan head, knife rest pipe, knife rest pipe time
Shaft, torsional spring, electromagnet, discharge port, capstan head are rotatably dispose in rack, and knife rest pipe is uniformly arranged on capstan head, knife rest
Pipe is articulated on capstan head by knife rest pipe rotating shaft and torsional spring, and electromagnet is installed in rack, and electromagnet energization movement drives
Knife rest pipe overcomes the torsion of torsional spring to swing 90 ° around knife rest pipe rotating shaft.Spindle processing mechanism includes main shaft, and main shaft is used for clamping
Cutter is simultaneously rotated with cutter.Cutter-exchange mechanism between tool magazine mechanism and spindle processing mechanism, cutter-exchange mechanism include tool change arm,
Latch assembly, latch assembly are set on tool change arm, and latch assembly avoids unexpected hair for clamping cutter to a certain extent
It is raw.When this is used for the tool changing device work of horizontal Machining centers, capstan head turns an angle, so that new cutter is moved to discharging
At mouthful, then electromagnet energization is acted, and is overcome the torsion of torsional spring to swing 90 ° around knife rest pipe rotating shaft with movable knife rack pipe, is made knife
The axle center of frame pipe is towards front-rear direction, and then tool change arm rotates 90 °, and cutter is caught in the tool changing slot of tool change arm at this time, locking group
Part realizes that then tool change arm is protruding to the locking of cutter, and then tool change arm rotates 180 °, this stylish cutter is located under main shaft
Side, cutter to be replaced are located at below knife rest pipe, and then tool change arm retracts, and then newly cutter clamping is on main shaft, cutter to be replaced
It is clamped on knife rest pipe, last tool change arm is protruding, and tool change arm rotates 90 °, returns to initial position.Although this is used for horizontal add
The tool changing device at work center can replace cutter, but the tool changing device for being used for horizontal Machining centers is carrying out tool changing
When, all it is a step then step, is only carrying out next step after the completion of a step, tool changing efficiency is bad.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention intends to provide a kind of tool changing device of numerically-controlled machine tool and its tool changing
Method, tool changing efficiency are higher.
(2) technical solution
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the invention has the technical scheme that a kind of tool changing device of numerically-controlled machine tool,
Including tool magazine mechanism, spindle box, it is set in spindle box for the main shaft of clamping cutter, between tool magazine mechanism and spindle box
Cutter-exchange mechanism, the main shaft knife loosening mechanism for discharging main shaft lower end cutter, the main shaft knife loosening are provided on the spindle box
Mechanism includes loose tool apron and loose tool arm, and the pine tool apron is fixedly mounted on spindle box, is provided with Song Daoshi on the pine tool arm
Loose knife idler wheel for pressing to the compression bar on main shaft, the main shaft knife loosening mechanism further includes servo drive, described
Servo drive is set on loose tool apron and drives end downwards；Wherein, one end of the loose tool arm is rotationally connected with master
On axle box, the other end of the pine tool arm is located at the underface at servo drive driving end, the middle part of the pine tool arm and pine
Link mechanism is provided between tool apron, the link mechanism is used for so that one end that loose tool arm is located at below servo drive is in
Vacant state, when the driving end of servo drive acts on the free end of loose tool arm, loose tool arm is with turn of itself and spindle box
Dynamic junction rotates for fulcrum, and then loose knife idler wheel is driven to push the compression bar on main shaft.
Preferably, the link mechanism includes the connecting rod being rotationally connected in the middle part of loose tool arm, and the connecting rod is far from loose tool arm
One end be rotatably connected to cam, the cam is rotationally connected on loose tool apron far from one end of connecting rod, is arranged on the cam
There is reset force block, is provided with the pine for acting on and resetting force block so that link mechanism drives loose tool arm to reset on the pine tool apron
Tool arm reset assembly.
Preferably, the quantity for resetting force block is two, and two reset force blocks are symmetrically disposed on cam
On two sidewalls, the quantity of the pine tool arm reset assembly is two groups, and two groups of pine tool arm reset assemblies are symmetrically disposed on the two of cam
Side, the pine tool arm reset assembly includes the spring base being set on loose tool apron, and spring groove is offered on the spring base, described
Sliding is provided with reset post in spring groove, and reset spring, the reset are provided between the reset post and the bottom wall of spring groove
The one end of column far from reset spring and reset force block contradict.
Preferably, the loose tool arm includes U-shaped portion, is set to the straight-bar portion that U-shaped portion deviates from open at one end, the pine knife rolling
The quantity of wheel is two, and two loose knife idler wheels are symmetrically disposed in the opening of U-shaped portion, is offered in the straight-bar portion logical
Hole, the connecting rod are located in through-hole far from one end of cam.
Preferably, the servo drive is servo cylinder, and the servo cylinder is electrically connected with digital control system, described straight
Bar portion offers roller groove far from one end of U-shaped portion, and rotation is provided with compression idler wheel in the roller groove, the compression idler wheel
The plunger rod contacts of outer circumference surface and servo cylinder.
Preferably, positioning spiro pit being offered on the loose tool apron, the positioning spiro pit internal screw thread is connected with positioning column,
The positioning column is for limiting cam return to initial position.
Preferably, the cutter-exchange mechanism includes tool changing case, and watching of being electrically connected with digital control system is provided on the tool changing case
Rotary extension cylinder is taken, the piston rod of the servo rotary extension cylinder is provided with far from one end of servo rotary extension cylinder to be changed
Tool arm, the tool change arm are used to clamp on the new cutter and main shaft of tool magazine mechanism discharge outlet the cutter to be replaced of clamping and by two
The location swap of person.
Preferably, tool changing slot is provided on the both ends of the tool change arm, the opening of two tool changing slots is disposed opposite to each other, and two
Sliding slot is offered on the side wall of a tool changing slot, two groups of lock knife assemblies, the lock knife assembly are provided on the tool change arm
Including the knife locking block being slideably positioned in sliding slot, the lock knife spring being set between knife locking block and sliding slot bottom wall, the knife locking block
One end cusp-shaped far from lock knife spring.
A kind of cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool, including successively carry out preparation process, in advance loose knife step, take knife step,
Pine knife step, withdrawing step, dress knife step, reset process completely,
Loose knife step in advance: before the cutter to be replaced on main shaft has not been obtained in the tool change arm of cutter-exchange mechanism, servo-drive dress
The piston rod set stretches out a part of stroke in advance and acts on to the free end of loose tool arm, allows loose knife idler wheel to force and is clamped on main shaft
Cutter to be replaced is in the state close to loose knife, that is, shifts to an earlier date loose knife；
Completely loose knife step: when the tool change arm of cutter-exchange mechanism gets the cutter to be replaced being clamped on main shaft, servo-drive
The piston rod of device stretches out remainder stroke and continues to act on the free end of loose tool arm, allows loose knife idler wheel to force and is clamped on main shaft
Cutter to be replaced discharged completely in loose knife-like state, i.e., loose knife is completed.
Preferably, preparation process: the tool change arm of cutter-exchange mechanism is located at initial position with ready；
Take knife step: the tool change arm of cutter-exchange mechanism rotates 90 ° from initial position, makes the new cutter positioned at tool magazine mechanism tool change position
It is caught in two tool changing slots of tool change arm simultaneously with the cutter to be replaced being located on headstock spindle；
Withdrawing step: the tool change arm of cutter-exchange mechanism is moved down to be exited the cutter to be replaced in loose knife-like state, by knife from main shaft
The new pulling-out of cutter of library discharge outlet；
Dress knife step: the tool change arm of cutter-exchange mechanism rotates 180 ° and moves up, so that new cutter is inserted into main shaft, cutter to be replaced is inserted
Enter on the knife rest pipe of tool magazine, the piston rod of servo drive retracts to discharge the free end of loose tool arm, and loose knife idler wheel is allowed to playback
To complete pinching action of the new cutter on main shaft, dress knife is completed；
Reset process: the tool change arm of cutter-exchange mechanism rotates 90 °, returns to initial position.
(3) beneficial effect
In conclusion the present invention having the beneficial effect that in contrast to the prior art
1, tool changing is high-efficient: the tool changing device of this numerically-controlled machine tool by the way of loose knife in advance, eliminates part in tool changing
The loose knife time, improve the speed of tool changing；
2, it resets and stablizes: positioning column is installed on loose tool apron, positioning column is used to limit the reset distance of cam, can be to a certain degree
On avoid loose tool arm from occurring resetting excessive situation, stability is good；
3, stability is good: the revolving speed of servo rotary extension cylinder is adjusted using the torque value of detection servo rotary extension cylinder,
Centrifugal force when cutter rotation can be effectively controlled, when avoiding the band cutter rotation of servo rotary extension cylinder to a certain extent
It is acted on and is damaged by cutter centrifugal force, stability is good.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the tool changing device of this numerically-controlled machine tool in embodiment one, mainly protrudes this numerically-controlled machine tool
The specific structure of tool changing device；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of tool change arm in embodiment one, the specific structure of main prominent tool change arm；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram at each the first visual angle of component in spindle box in embodiment one, main prominent component of forging a knife, loose tool arm
The specific structure of reset assembly；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram at each the second visual angle of component in spindle box in embodiment one, the specific knot of main prominent loose tool arm
Structure；
Fig. 5 is the enlarged diagram in Fig. 3 at A, the specific structure of main prominent loose tool arm reset assembly.
Appended drawing reference: 1, tool magazine mechanism；2, cutter-exchange mechanism；21, tool changing case；22, servo rotary extension cylinder；23, tool changing
Arm；3, spindle box；4, tool changing slot；5, sliding slot；6, pressing plate；7, knife assembly is locked；71, knife locking block；72, knife spring is locked；8, main shaft pine
Cutter mechanism；9, main shaft；10, loose tool arm；101, U-shaped portion；102, straight-bar portion；11, first rotating shaft；12, loose knife idler wheel；13, through-hole；
14, roller groove；15, compression idler wheel；16, loose tool apron；17, servo drive；18, link mechanism；19, connecting rod；20, cam；
24, the second shaft；25, force block is resetted；26, loose tool arm reset assembly；27, mounting rack；28, threaded hole is resetted；29, spring
Seat；30, spring groove；31, reset post；32, reset spring；33, positioning spiro pit；34, positioning column.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, invention is further described in detail.
Embodiment one:
As shown in figs. 1 and 3, a kind of tool changing device of numerically-controlled machine tool, including tool magazine mechanism 1, spindle box 3, be located at 1 and of tool magazine mechanism
Cutter-exchange mechanism 2 between spindle box 3.Setting is used for the main shaft 9 of clamping cutter in spindle box 3, and the specific structure of main shaft is referring to public affairs
Accuse number Chinese patent for being CN203266217U, including pneumohydraulic pressure-cylinder, main shaft, compression bar, disk spring, pressing sleeve, hoodle, gas-liquid
Pressurized cylinder is located above compression bar, and pneumohydraulic pressure-cylinder is slideably positioned in main shaft for depressing compression bar, compression bar, and pressing sleeve is installed on compression bar
On, hoodle is installed in pressing sleeve, and pressing sleeve and hoodle are used for clamping cutter, and disk spring is sheathed on compression bar.Numerically-controlled machine tool uses
Cutter generally include knife handle and blind rivet.Numerically-controlled machine tool equipped with the main shaft knife loosening mechanism needs Song Daoshi, and worker presses main shaft
The piston rod of the loose knife button of front end, pneumohydraulic pressure-cylinder stretches out, then compression bar downlink, and disk spring compression, pressing sleeve struts downwards, bullet
Pearl slips off, then the blind rivet on cutter skids off installing port, and loose knife is completed at this time.It is provided on spindle box for discharging main shaft lower end knife
The main shaft knife loosening mechanism of tool.
As shown in Figure 1, cutter-exchange mechanism 2 be used for by the cutter to be replaced of new cutter and clamping on main shaft 9 in tool magazine into
Row exchange, cutter-exchange mechanism 2 include tool changing case 21, are equipped with servo rotary extension cylinder 22, servo rotary extension on tool changing case 21
The piston rod of cylinder 22 is through tool changing case 21 and is connected with tool change arm 23, and the specific structure of servo rotary extension cylinder 22 is referring to public affairs
Number Chinese patent for being CN103028990B is accused, servo rotary extension cylinder can drive tool change arm to carry out rotating and stretching fortune
It is dynamic.
As shown in Fig. 2, offering tool changing slot 4 on the both ends of tool change arm 23, the opening of two tool changing slots 4 is disposed opposite to each other,
Sliding slot 5 is offered on the side wall of two tool changing slots 4, two sliding slots 5 are symmetrical arranged in oblique angle, and the section of sliding slot 5 is rectangular, cunning
One of side wall of slot 5 extends to the upper surface of tool change arm 23, and the pressure for closing sliding slot 5 is threaded on tool change arm 23
Plate 6.Two groups of lock knife assemblies 7 are provided on tool change arm 23, lock knife assembly 7 is for clamping the cutter being stuck in tool changing slot 4, certain
Unexpected generation is avoided in degree.Lock knife assembly 7 includes the knife locking block 71 being slideably positioned in sliding slot 5, is set to 71 and of knife locking block
Lock knife spring 72 between 5 bottom wall of sliding slot, the one end of knife locking block 71 far from lock knife spring 72 is cusp-shaped, locks 72 one end of knife spring
It is fixedly connected on the bottom wall of sliding slot 5, the other end is fixedly connected in knife locking block 71.
When tool change arm 23 clamps cutter, servo rotary extension cylinder 22 drives tool change arm 23 to rotate, until cutter and lock knife
The contact of incline plane of 71 end of block, cutter is mobile along the inclined-plane of 71 end of knife locking block, locks knife spring 72 at this time and is pressurized and compress, then
Cutter is caught in tool changing slot 4, and lock knife spring 72 resets, and then pushes knife locking block 71 protruding, then cutter is pressed from both sides by knife locking block 71
Firmly.
When 23 loosening cutter of tool change arm, cutter is clamped on knife rest pipe or main shaft 9 first, then servo rotary extension gas
Cylinder 22 drives tool change arm 23 to rotate, until the contact of incline plane of cutter and 71 end of knife locking block, cutter is along 71 end of knife locking block
Inclined-plane is mobile, locks knife spring 72 at this time and is pressurized and compresses, and then cutter is deviate from from tool changing slot 4, and locking spring resets, and then pushes lock
Stops is protruding.
As shown in figs. 1 and 3, main shaft knife loosening mechanism 8 includes loose tool apron 16 and loose tool arm 10.Loose tool apron 16 is fixedly installed in master
On axle box 3, servo drive 17 is provided on loose tool apron 16, servo drive 17 is servo cylinder, servo cylinder and number
The electrical connection of control system, the piston rod of servo cylinder run through loose tool apron 16 and downwards.
Loose tool arm 10 includes U-shaped portion 101, is set to the straight-bar portion 102 that U-shaped portion 101 deviates from its open at one end.Spindle box 3
On first rotating shaft 11 is installed, the one end of U-shaped portion 101 far from straight-bar portion 102 and first rotating shaft 11 are rotatablely connected, loose tool arm 10
One end is rotationally connected on spindle box 3 by first rotating shaft 11.Loose knife idler wheel 12 is installed, loose knife idler wheel 12 is used in U-shaped portion 101
In pushing the compression bar in main shaft 9, so that pressing sleeve struts, cutter can be unloaded from main shaft 9.The quantity of loose knife idler wheel 12 is two
A, two loose knife idler wheels 12 are symmetrically disposed in the opening in u shape portion, since two loose knife idler wheels 12 are symmetrical arranged, then compression bar by
Power is uniform, and the loose knife stability of this main shaft knife loosening mechanism 8 is good.Through-hole 13 is offered in straight-bar portion 102, through-hole 13 is located at loose tool arm
10 middle part.As shown in figure 4, straight-bar portion 102 offers roller groove 14 far from one end of U-shaped portion 101, rotation is set in roller groove 14
It is equipped with compression idler wheel 15.Straight-bar portion 102 stretches to the lower section of loose tool apron 16 far from one end of U-shaped portion 101 and is located at servo gas
The underface of cylinder piston rod.
As shown in Figures 3 and 5, link mechanism 18, link mechanism 18 are provided between the middle part of loose tool arm 10 and loose tool apron 16
For making loose tool arm 10 be located at one end of 17 lower section of servo drive in vacant state.Link mechanism 18 includes connecting rod 19,
19 one end of connecting rod stretches in through-hole 13 and is rotatablely connected with loose tool arm 10, one end rotation connection of the connecting rod 19 far from loose tool arm 10
There is cam 20, the second shaft 24 is fixedly installed on loose tool apron 16, cam 20 passes through the second shaft 24 far from one end of connecting rod 19
It is rotationally connected on loose tool apron 16.It is fixedly connected on the two sidewalls of cam 20 and resets force block 25, two reset force blocks
25 are symmetrical arranged.It is provided with to act on loose tool apron 16 and resets force block 25 so that link mechanism 18 drives loose tool arm 10 to reset
Loose tool arm reset assembly 26, the quantity of loose tool arm reset assembly 26 are two groups, and two groups of pine tool arm reset assemblies 26 are symmetrically disposed on
The two sides of cam 20.
Be provided with mounting rack 27 on loose tool apron 16, mounting rack 27 is located at 20 lower section of cam, opened up on mounting rack 27 there are two
Threaded hole 28 is resetted, two reset threaded hole 28 and are located at the two sides of cam 20 and are symmetrical arranged.Loose tool arm reset assembly 26
Including spring base 29, spring base 29 is installed on mounting rack 27, and spring base 29 is threadedly coupled with threaded hole 28 is resetted, spring base 29
Top surface on offer spring groove 30, spring groove 30 is opened up along the axial direction of spring base 29, and sliding is provided with reset in spring groove 30
Column 31, reset post 31 are located at the end face outside spring groove 30 and abut with force block 25 is resetted, the bottom wall of reset post 31 and spring groove 30
Between be provided with reset spring 32,32 one end of reset spring is fixedly connected with reset post 31, and the other end is fixedly connected on spring groove
On 30 bottom wall.
As shown in figure 3, offering positioning spiro pit 33 on loose tool apron 16, positioning spiro pit 33 is located at 20 top of cam, fixed
Position 33 screw thread of threaded hole is connected with positioning column 34, and the lower end surface of positioning column 34 is fixed for abutting with the upper surface of cam 20
Position column 34 is used to limit the reset distance of cam 20, and loose tool arm 10 can be avoided to occur resetting excessive situation to a certain extent.
When the tool changing device work of this numerically-controlled machine tool, digital control system refers to according to specified cutter number, control capstan head rotation
Fixed cutter turns to the discharge outlet of tool magazine mechanism 1, electromagnet energization movement, with movable knife rack pipe overcome the torsion of torsional spring around
Knife rest pipe rotating shaft swings 90 °, and specified cutter is located at tool change position at this time, and at the same time, the piston rod of servo cylinder stretches out
50% stroke, the piston rod of servo cylinder push the free end of loose tool arm 10, and loose tool arm 10 is rotated to away from servo cylinder direction,
And then loose knife idler wheel 12 is driven to push the compression bar in main shaft 9, pressing sleeve part struts；The loose rotation of tool arm 10 is driven convex by connecting rod 19
Wheel 20 is rotated to close to loose 10 direction of tool arm, and the reset force block 25 being arranged on cam 20 pushes reset post 31 and reset spring
32, servo rotary extension cylinder 22 drive tool change arm 23 rotate 90 °, the new cutter of 1 tool change position of tool magazine mechanism and be located at main shaft
Cutter to be replaced on 3 main shaft 9 of case is caught in two tool changing slots 4 of tool change arm 23 simultaneously；The piston rod of servo cylinder stretches out surplus
50% remaining stroke, the piston rod of servo cylinder push the free end of loose tool arm 10, loose tool arm 10 to away from servo cylinder direction after
Continuous rotation, and then loose knife idler wheel 12 is driven to push the compression bar in main shaft 9, pressing sleeve struts completely, and loose knife is completed, and loose tool arm 10 rotates
It is rotated with moving cam 20 to close to loose 10 direction of tool arm by connecting rod 19, the reset force block 25 being arranged on cam 20, which pushes, to be resetted
Column 31 and reset spring 32；Servo rotary extension cylinder 22 drives tool change arm 23 to move down, then servo rotary extension cylinder
22 driving tool change arms 23 rotate 180 ° and move up, so that new cutter is inserted into main shaft 9, the knife rest pipe of cutter to be replaced insertion tool magazine
On, the piston rod of servo cylinder retracts to discharge the free end of loose tool arm 10, and reset spring 32 is resetted to be pushed by reset post 31
Force block 25 is resetted to move up, cam 20 is resetted drives loose tool arm 10 to reset to discharge the compression bar on main shaft 9 by connecting rod 19,
Compression bar reset strap dynamic pressure set moves up, and pressing sleeve conjunction is closed, and dress knife is completed；Servo rotary extension cylinder 22 drives tool change arm 23 to rotate
90 °, return to initial position.The tool changing device of this numerically-controlled machine tool accelerates tool changing efficiency by way of loose knife in advance, effectively
Increase the processing efficiency of numerically-controlled machine tool.
Embodiment two:
The cutter replacing method of a kind of cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool, numerically-controlled machine tool provided in this embodiment is applied to institute in embodiment one
State the tool changing device of numerically-controlled machine tool.Specific step is as follows for the cutter replacing method of the numerically-controlled machine tool:
Preparation process: the tool change arm 23 of cutter-exchange mechanism 2 is located at initial position with ready；
Loose knife step in advance: before the cutter to be replaced on main shaft 9 has not been obtained in the tool change arm 23 of cutter-exchange mechanism 2, servo is driven
The piston rod of dynamic device 17 stretches out a part of stroke in advance and acts on to the free end of loose tool arm 10, and loose knife idler wheel 12 is allowed to force clamping
It is in the state close to loose knife in the cutter to be replaced on main shaft 9, that is, shifts to an earlier date loose knife；
Take knife step: the tool change arm 23 of cutter-exchange mechanism 2 rotates 90 ° from initial position, makes positioned at the new of 1 tool change position of tool magazine mechanism
In two tool changing slots 4 that cutter and the cutter to be replaced on 3 main shaft 9 of spindle box are caught in tool change arm 23 simultaneously；
Completely loose knife step: when the tool change arm 23 of cutter-exchange mechanism 2 gets the cutter to be replaced being clamped on main shaft 9, servo
The piston rod of driving device 17 stretches out remainder stroke and continues to act on the free end of loose tool arm 10, and loose knife idler wheel 12 is allowed to force dress
The cutter to be replaced being sandwiched on main shaft 9 is discharged completely in loose knife-like state, i.e., loose knife is completed；
Withdrawing step: the tool change arm 23 of cutter-exchange mechanism 2 move down the cutter to be replaced in loose knife-like state is exited from main shaft 9,
By the new pulling-out of cutter of tool magazine discharge outlet；
Dress knife step: the tool change arm 23 of cutter-exchange mechanism 2 rotates 180 ° and moves up, so that new cutter is inserted into main shaft 9, knife to be replaced
On the knife rest pipe of tool insertion tool magazine, the piston rod of servo drive 17 retracts to discharge the free end of loose tool arm 10, allows loose knife
The playback of idler wheel 12 to complete pinching action of the new cutter on main shaft 9, complete by dress knife；
Reset process: the tool change arm 23 of cutter-exchange mechanism 2 rotates 90 °, returns to initial position.
In loose knife step in advance, the piston rod of servo drive 17 stretches out 50% stroke in advance and acts on to loose tool arm 10
Free end, allow loose knife idler wheel 12 force the cutter to be replaced being clamped on main shaft 9 be in the limit close to loose knife state, at this time
Cutter to be replaced can be clamped in relatively stablely on main shaft 9, and the clamping cutter that tool change arm 23 can be relatively stable.
In dress knife step, when tool change arm 23 is rotated with cutter, the torque value of servo rotary extension cylinder 22, needle are detected
To the cutter of different weight, the torque value of servo rotary extension cylinder 22 is bigger, and it is heavier to represent cutter, servo rotary extension cylinder
22 torque value is smaller, and it is lighter to represent cutter.When detecting that current torque value is greater than standard torque value, servo rotary extension gas
Cylinder 22 compared with low velocity to rotate；When detecting that current torque value is less than or equal to standard torque value, servo rotary extension cylinder 22
It rotates at a relatively high speed.Turning for servo rotary extension cylinder 22 is adjusted using the torque value of detection servo rotary extension cylinder 22
Speed can effectively control centrifugal force when cutter rotation, avoid servo rotary extension cylinder 22 with cutter to a certain extent
It is acted on and is damaged by cutter centrifugal force when rotation, stability is good.
The above is only exemplary embodiment of the invention, protection scope and is not intended to limit the present invention, this hair
Bright protection scope is determined by the attached claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of tool changing device of numerically-controlled machine tool, including tool magazine mechanism (1), spindle box (3), it is set in spindle box (3) and is used for
The main shaft (9) of clamping cutter, the cutter-exchange mechanism (2) between tool magazine mechanism (1) and spindle box (3), on the spindle box (3)
It is provided with the main shaft knife loosening mechanism (8) for discharging main shaft (9) lower end cutter, the main shaft knife loosening mechanism (8) includes loose tool apron
(16) it is fixedly mounted on spindle box (3) with loose tool arm (10), the pine tool apron (16), is provided with pine on the pine tool arm (10)
Loose knife idler wheel (12) when knife for pressing to the compression bar on main shaft (9), it is characterized in that: the main shaft knife loosening mechanism (8)
It further include servo drive (17), the servo drive (17) is set on loose tool apron (16) and drives the vertical court in end
Under；
Wherein, one end of the loose tool arm (10) is rotationally connected on spindle box (3), and the other end of the pine tool arm (10) is located at
Servo drive (17) drives the underface at end, is provided with connecting rod between the middle part of the pine tool arm (10) and loose tool apron (16)
Mechanism (18), the link mechanism (18) is used for so that loose tool arm (10) is located at one end below servo drive (17) in outstanding
Dummy status, when the driving end of servo drive (17) acts on the free end of loose tool arm (10), loose tool arm (10) with its with
It rotates at the rotation connection of spindle box (3) for fulcrum, and then loose knife idler wheel (12) is driven to push the compression bar on main shaft (9).
2. the tool changing device of a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the link mechanism (18) includes
The connecting rod (19) being rotationally connected in the middle part of loose tool arm (10), the connecting rod (19) are rotatably connected to far from one end of loose tool arm (10)
Cam (20), the cam (20) is rotationally connected on loose tool apron (16) far from the one end of connecting rod (19), on the cam (20)
It is provided with and resets force block (25), be provided on the pine tool apron (16) and act on reset force block (25) so that link mechanism
(18) the loose tool arm reset assembly (26) for driving loose tool arm (10) to reset.
3. a kind of tool changing device of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: reset force block (25)
Quantity is two, and two reset force blocks (25) are symmetrically disposed on the two sidewalls of cam (20), and the pine tool arm resets
The quantity of component (26) is two groups, and two groups of pine tool arm reset assemblies (26) are symmetrically disposed on the two sides of cam (20), the pine knife
Arm reset assembly (26) includes the spring base (29) being set on loose tool apron (16), offers spring groove on the spring base (29)
(30), sliding is provided with reset post (31) in the spring groove (30), the bottom walls of the reset post (31) and spring groove (30) it
Between be provided with reset spring (32), the reset post (31) far from reset spring (32) one end with reset force block (25) support
Touching.
4. the tool changing device of a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pine tool arm (10) includes U
Shape portion (101) is set to the straight-bar portion (102) that U-shaped portion (101) deviate from open at one end, and the quantity of the pine knife idler wheel (12) is
Two, two loose knife idler wheels (12) are symmetrically disposed in the opening of U-shaped portion (101), offer on the straight-bar portion (102)
Through-hole (13), the connecting rod (19) are located in through-hole (13) far from the one end of cam (20).
5. the tool changing device of a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the servo drive (17)
For servo cylinder, the servo cylinder is electrically connected with digital control system, and the straight-bar portion (102) is opened far from the one end of U-shaped portion (101)
Equipped with roller groove (14), rotation is provided with compression idler wheel (15) in the roller groove (14), the outer circle of the compression idler wheel (15)
The plunger rod contacts of circumferential surface and servo cylinder.
6. the tool changing device of a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: being opened up on the pine tool apron (16)
Have positioning spiro pit (33), positioning spiro pit (33) internal screw thread is connected with positioning column (34), and the positioning column (34) is used for
Limitation cam (20) is reset to initial position.
7. the tool changing device of a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the cutter-exchange mechanism (2) includes
Tool changing case (21) is provided with the servo rotary extension cylinder (22) being electrically connected with digital control system on the tool changing case (21), described
The piston rod of servo rotary extension cylinder (22) is provided with tool change arm (23), institute far from one end of servo rotary extension cylinder (22)
State the cutter to be replaced of clamping on the new cutter and main shaft (9) of tool change arm (23) for clamping tool magazine mechanism (1) discharge outlet simultaneously
By the location swap of the two.
8. the tool changing device of a kind of numerically-controlled machine tool according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: the both ends of the tool change arm (23)
On be provided with tool changing slot (4), the opening of two tool changing slots (4) is disposed opposite to each other, on the side wall of two tool changing slots (4)
It offers sliding slot (5), two groups of lock knife assemblies (7) is provided on the tool change arm (23), the lock knife assembly (7) includes that sliding is set
The knife locking block (71) being placed in sliding slot (5), the lock knife spring (72) being set between knife locking block (71) and sliding slot (5) bottom wall, institute
State one end cusp-shaped of knife locking block (71) far from lock knife spring (72).
9. a kind of cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool is applied to the tool changing device such as claim 1 ~ 8 numerically-controlled machine tool, feature
Be: including successively carry out preparation process, in advance loose knife step, take knife step, completely loose knife step, withdrawing step, dress knife step
Suddenly, reset process,
Loose knife step in advance: before the cutter to be replaced on main shaft (9) has not been obtained in the tool change arm (23) of cutter-exchange mechanism (2),
The piston rod of servo drive (17) stretches out a part of stroke in advance and acts on to the free end of loose tool arm (10), allows loose knife idler wheel
(12) it forces the cutter to be replaced being clamped on main shaft (9) to be in the state close to loose knife, that is, shifts to an earlier date loose knife；
Completely loose knife step: the tool change arm (23) in cutter-exchange mechanism (2) gets the cutter to be replaced being clamped on main shaft (9)
When, the piston rod of servo drive (17) stretches out remainder stroke and continues to act on the free end of loose tool arm (10), allows loose knife
Idler wheel (12) forces the cutter to be replaced being clamped on main shaft (9) to be discharged completely in loose knife-like state, i.e., loose knife is completed.
10. the cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool as claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that:
Preparation process: the tool change arm (23) of cutter-exchange mechanism (2) is located at initial position with ready；
Take knife step: the tool change arm (23) of cutter-exchange mechanism (2) rotates 90 ° from initial position, makes to be located at tool magazine mechanism (1) tool changing position
The new cutter set and the cutter to be replaced being located on spindle box (3) main shaft (9) while two tool changing slots for being caught in tool change arm (23)
(4) in；
Withdrawing step: the tool change arm (23) of cutter-exchange mechanism (2) is moved down the cutter to be replaced in loose knife-like state from main shaft (9)
It exits, by the new pulling-out of cutter of tool magazine discharge outlet；
Dress knife step: the tool change arm (23) of cutter-exchange mechanism (2) rotates 180 ° and simultaneously moves up so that in new cutter insertion main shaft (9), to
On the knife rest pipe for replacing cutter insertion tool magazine, the piston rod of servo drive (17) retracts to discharge the hanging of loose tool arm (10)
End, allows loose knife idler wheel (12) playback to complete pinching action of the new cutter on main shaft (9), and dress knife is completed；
Reset process: the tool change arm (23) of cutter-exchange mechanism (2) rotates 90 °, returns to initial position.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910470332.9A CN110216509A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | A kind of tool changing device and its cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910470332.9A CN110216509A (en) | 2019-05-31 | 2019-05-31 | A kind of tool changing device and its cutter replacing method of numerically-controlled machine tool |
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Cited By (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111015320A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳模德宝科技有限公司 | Cutter clamping equipment |
| CN115302271A (en) * | 2021-03-20 | 2022-11-08 | 西安航空职业技术学院 | Main shaft manipulator |
| CN115401496A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-29 | 诸晓达 | Automatic change digit control machine tool |
| CN116460638A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-07-21 | 江苏德湾数控机床科技有限公司 | Machining center cutter replacing device and method |
| CN116787274A (en) * | 2023-08-23 | 2023-09-22 | 内蒙古北科交大机器人有限公司 | Aluminum electrolysis charcoal anode grinding device |
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Application publication date: 20190910 |