CN110215193B - Parathyroid gland spontaneous fluorescence face imaging spectrometer capable of rapidly recognizing - Google Patents
Parathyroid gland spontaneous fluorescence face imaging spectrometer capable of rapidly recognizing Download PDFInfo
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- A61B5/0075—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons using light, e.g. diagnosis by transillumination, diascopy, fluorescence by spectroscopy, i.e. measuring spectra, e.g. Raman spectroscopy, infrared absorption spectroscopy
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- A61B5/4222—Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs
- A61B5/4227—Evaluating particular parts, e.g. particular organs endocrine glands, i.e. thyroid, adrenals, hypothalamic, pituitary
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Abstract
The invention provides a spontaneous fluorescence surface imaging spectrometer for rapidly identifying parathyroid gland, which comprises: the device comprises a developing device and a detector which is in communication connection with the developing device; the detector is used for sending a light signal before detection to the parathyroid gland and receiving a light signal after detection of the parathyroid gland; the optical signal after detection is transmitted to the display device; the imaging device is used for receiving the detected optical signal transmitted by the detector, performing spectral analysis on the detected optical signal, and imaging and displaying parathyroid information. Can be quickly and accurately found in the operation, quickly identify and distinguish the parathyroid gland, if the disease condition needs to be cut off, the autologous parathyroid gland can be transplanted within 2 minutes after the separation is cut off, and the survival rate is more than 90 percent after the autologous parathyroid gland is planted within 15 minutes after the separation is cut off. The method realizes that the parathyroid gland which is cut by mistake can be quickly and accurately found in the cut tissue, and provides a last line of defense for the protection of the parathyroid gland.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of parathyroid gland detection, in particular to a spontaneous fluorescence surface imaging spectrometer capable of rapidly identifying parathyroid glands.
Background
The parathyroid glands are usually in two pairs, one above the other and the other behind the left and right thyroid lobes. Adult parathyroid gland is flat oval in brown-yellow color with a total weight of about 120 mg. The gland surface is covered with a thin layer of connective tissue capsule, gland cells are arranged into a rope shape, and are rich in capillary vessels with pores and a small amount of connective tissue, and can be seen scattered in fat cells and increase with age. Usually, there are four, one pair on the left and the right, which are oblate ellipsoidal bodies, brown yellow, and have a shape similar to soybean, and are all attached to the posterior edge of the thyroid side lobe, located outside the thyroid capsule, and sometimes buried in the thyroid tissue, where the upper pair of parathyroid glands is usually located near the middle of the posterior edge of the thyroid side lobe, and the lower pair of parathyroid glands is located near the hypothyroid artery, approximately located at 1/3 behind the gland.
Parathyroid gland is a small endocrine organ, and the secreted hormone (parathyroid hormone) functions to regulate calcium metabolism, maintain blood calcium balance, mainly release bone calcium into and out of the blood, and then is discharged from the kidney to regulate blood calcium balance, so the target organs of parathyroid gland are bone and kidney. When secretion is insufficient, blood calcium can be reduced, and tetany occurs; excessive bone resorption is caused when the function is hyperfunction, and fracture is easy to occur. Some people are considered not to be associated with parathyroid dysfunction when they develop the above symptoms.
Parathyroid hormone PTH is a linear 84 amino acid peptide secreted by parathyroid chief cells, has a molecular weight of 9000, and its biological activity is determined by the 1 st to 27 th amino acid residues at the N-terminus. In parathyroid major cell, a precursor parathyroid hormone (prepro-PTH) containing 115 amino acids is synthesized, then the N-terminal twenty-five peptide is removed to generate a nonadecapeptide parathyroid hormone (pro-PTH), and then 6 amino acids are removed to become PTH.
In parathyroid chief cells, part of the PTH molecule can be cleaved between amino acid residues 33 and 40 to form two fragments, which can be taken into the blood with PTH. The normal human plasma PTH concentration is 10-50ng/L, and the half-life period is 20-30 min. PTH is mainly hydrolyzed and inactivated in the liver, and metabolites are excreted from the body through the kidney. In recent years, a peptide which is similar to PTH in chemical structure, called parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrp), has been isolated from the cancer tissue of patients with squamous cell carcinoma accompanied by hypercalcemia, and it has been further found that this peptide is also present in normal tissues such as skin, breast and fetal parathyroid glands. PTHrp is homologous to PTH in origin, and particularly, the amino acid residues at 1 to 13 positions on the N-terminal side are completely identical to each other, and PTHrp also has PTH activity.
Because the parathyroid glands are small in size (3-8 mm in length, 2-5 mm in width and 0.5-2 mm in thickness), incompletely defined in number and position, and are difficult to distinguish from surrounding lymph nodes and fat tissues in appearance, unclear in identification and inaccurate in positioning, the parathyroid glands are easily damaged or cut off by mistake, the patients take medicine for the whole life, and medical accidents are easily caused.
Moreover, in some autologous parathyroid gland transplantation processes, the traditional method cannot meet the requirement of transplantation time. For example, the conventional parathyroid gland detection means that exogenous dyes (ICG and MB) are injected to detect the flow velocity and flow quantity of blood, namely, the parathyroid gland is detected by a contrast method, but contrast is long in time consumption, the operation time of a doctor is usually only 15 minutes due to the fact that autologous parathyroid gland is transplanted with the risk of thermal ischemia, and transplantation survival can be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer which can rapidly detect and rapidly identify parathyroid gland and can display the detected image in real time so as to facilitate doctors to obtain parathyroid gland information,
the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a developing device and a detector which is in communication connection with the developing device;
the detector is used for sending a light signal before detection to the parathyroid gland and receiving a light signal after detection of the parathyroid gland;
the optical signal after detection is transmitted to the display device;
the imaging device is used for receiving the detected optical signal transmitted by the detector, performing spectral analysis on the detected optical signal, and imaging and displaying parathyroid information.
It is further noted that the detector comprises: a detection signal transmitting device and a detection signal receiving device;
the detection signal transmitting device and the detection signal receiving device are respectively in communication connection with the developing device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the detection signal transmitting device, so that the detection signal transmitting device sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland;
the detection signal receiving device is used for receiving the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected and transmitting the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected to the developing device.
It is further noted that the detector comprises: a detection signal transceiver;
the detection signal receiving and transmitting device is in communication connection with the developing device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the detection signal transceiver, so that the detection signal transceiver transmits infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives an optical signal after detecting the parathyroid gland, and transmits the optical signal after detecting to the imaging device.
It should be further noted that the detection signal emitting device is a neck-type 360 ° transmitter, the neck-type 360 ° transmitter surrounds the neck of the patient, and the neck-type 360 ° transmitter is provided with an emission light source group, an optical fiber and a laser;
the emission light source group comprises at least eight emission light sources; the eight emission light sources are uniformly distributed on the neck type 360-degree transmitter;
each transmitting light source is connected with a laser through an optical fiber, and an optical filter is arranged between the transmitting end of the laser and the optical fiber;
the detection signal receiving device is a laser probe, the laser probe receives an optical signal which is emitted by the neck type 360-degree transmitter and used for detecting the parathyroid gland, and the detected optical signal is transmitted to the imaging device;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the laser probe is a detection signal transmitting device and is provided with a transmitting light source, an optical fiber and a laser;
the detection signal receiving device is a neck type 360-degree transmitter, and the neck type 360-degree transmitter surrounds the neck of the patient;
the neck type 360-degree transmitter receives the optical signal which is sent by the laser probe and used for detecting the parathyroid gland, and transmits the optical signal after detection to the imaging device.
It should be further noted that the laser probe is a detection signal transceiver; the laser probe is in communication connection with the imaging device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the laser probe, so that the laser probe sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected, and transmits the optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected to the imaging device;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the neck type 360-degree transmitter is a detection signal transceiver; the neck type 360-degree transmitter is in communication connection with the developing device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the neck type 360-degree transmitter, so that the neck type 360-degree transmitter sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected, and transmits the optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected to the imaging device.
It should be further noted that the detector further includes: the device comprises a microcontroller, a lens focusing device, a wireless communication module, an infrared camera and a power supply battery for supplying power to internal elements of the detector;
the lens focusing device, the wireless communication module and the infrared camera are respectively connected with the microcontroller;
the microcontroller is in communication connection with the display device through the wireless communication module;
the microcontroller captures image information of the parathyroid gland detection process through the infrared camera and transmits the image information to the imaging device; the microcontroller is also used for receiving a lens focusing control instruction sent by the imaging device and adjusting the focal length of the infrared camera through the lens focusing device.
It should be further noted that, the microcontroller acquires a parathyroid gland image detection region, monitors parathyroid gland image frames in the parathyroid gland image detection region, and analyzes and processes the parathyroid gland image frames when the monitored parathyroid gland image frames reach a frame number threshold; when the parathyroid gland image frame does not reach the threshold value of the frame number, the parathyroid gland image frame is continuously monitored until the threshold value of the frame number is reached;
the analyzing and processing the parathyroid gland image frame comprises the following steps: analyzing the parathyroid gland image frames in an RGB color space to form at least three single-channel parathyroid gland images; respectively calculating the spatial average value of pixels in each channel parathyroid gland image area to form three parathyroid gland image RGB signal values corresponding to each frame, wherein the signal value range is 0-255, and the three parathyroid gland image RGB signal values of each frame form three parathyroid gland image sequences so as to obtain parathyroid gland image signals from each frame of parathyroid gland image;
and then, performing fast Fourier transform on each parathyroid gland image sequence respectively to obtain the corresponding power spectral densities of the three parathyroid gland image sequences, and selecting the parathyroid gland with the highest power and the highest brightness in the three parathyroid gland image sequences.
It should be further noted that the developing device is provided with a processor, an imaging module and a display screen;
the processor is used for receiving the detected optical signals transmitted by the detector, collecting the spectrum information of the detected optical signals by the imaging module through the point detector, dividing the spectrum information into different wave bands after passing through the dispersion element, completing space scanning by swinging the point scanning mirror in a plane vertical to the optical track direction and moving the point scanning mirror along the optical track direction, and splicing the spectrum information scanned by the point detector to form spectrum scanning plane imaging information;
and the processor displays the imaging information of the spectral scanning surface through the display screen.
It should be further noted that the detector further includes: the detection handle and the detection end are connected with each other;
the detection end is used for receiving the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected;
the detection end is provided with an illumination light source, a temperature sensor and a non-contact blood flow sensor;
the functional display screen, the temperature sensor and the non-contact blood flow sensor are respectively connected with the microcontroller;
the temperature sensor is used for sensing the temperature information of the parathyroid gland, and transmitting the sensed parathyroid gland temperature information to the imaging device through the microcontroller and the signal transmission interface for displaying; meanwhile, the display is also carried out through the microcontroller and the functional display screen;
the non-contact blood flow sensor is used for sensing the blood flow information of the parathyroid gland, and transmitting the sensed blood flow information of the parathyroid gland to the imaging device for displaying through the microcontroller and the signal transmission interface; meanwhile, the display is also carried out through the microcontroller and the functional display screen;
the detection handle is provided with a functional display screen, a charging interface, a signal transmission interface, a communication transmission switch, a power switch, an aviation plug, a focusing key and a radiator for radiating the electrical element;
the functional display screen is used for displaying the current operating parameters of the detector;
the charging interface is used for connecting an external power supply to charge the power supply battery;
the signal transmission interface is used for communicating with the display device through a connecting signal line;
the communication transmission switch is used for controlling the on-off of the communication with the developing device;
the power switch is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply battery;
the focusing key is used for receiving a focusing control instruction of the lens focusing device.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a rapid identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence imaging spectrometer, which comprises a detector, a display device, a spectrum analysis device and a parathyroid gland imaging display device. The parathyroid gland is prevented from being detected in an imaging mode, so that imaging time is long.
Therefore, the parathyroid gland can be quickly and accurately found in an operation, the parathyroid gland can be quickly identified and distinguished, if the disease condition needs to be resected, the autologous parathyroid gland can be transplanted within 2 minutes after the vitro resection, and the survival rate is more than 90 percent after the autologous parathyroid gland is planted within 15 minutes after the vitro transplantation. The transplantable characteristic of parathyroid gland is realized. The traditional method cannot be achieved, the time required for transplanting the autologous parathyroid gland is very urgent, the operation time of 15 minutes is reserved for doctors due to the risk of thermal ischemia, the transplantation survival can be ensured, and whether the parathyroid gland is alive or not can be detected by acquiring the temperature information and the blood flow information of the parathyroid gland. Therefore, the parathyroid gland which is cut by mistake can be quickly and accurately found in the cut tissue, and a last line of defense is provided for the protection of the parathyroid gland.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an imaging spectrometer for rapidly identifying parathyroid gland autofluorescence planes;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a rapid parathyroid gland autofluorescence imaging spectrometer;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a rapid parathyroid gland autofluorescence imaging spectrometer;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a neck 360 transmitter;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of spectral scan plane imaging;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a developing device.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments and drawings. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the scope of protection of this patent.
The present invention relates to the detection of parathyroid gland, hypoparathyroidism remaining the most common complication after a thyroidectomy. The patient often appears hypocalcemia after the operation, often causes serious influence to patient quality of life. Due to the complexity of the surgery and the skill of the surgeon, 15% to 20% of patients have developed transient hypocalcemia. The main reason is that the parathyroid gland is damaged by the operation in the operation, and the damage range of the parathyroid gland body is difficult to judge in the operation. Therefore, accurate prediction of hypocalcemic performance of patients after thyroidectomy could potentially impact treatment regimens while also reducing incidence of hypothyroidism.
The parathyroid imager can locate parathyroid gland through autofluorescence technology and predict parathyroid function. The method is mainly used for: 1. parathyroid gland development. 2. Thyroid cervical gland lymph node dissection. 3. As an effective means for timely assessing the function of parathyroid gland after thyroidectomy. On one hand, the parathyroid gland protection problem is solved with an important role, and the situation can be moved to the international frontier; on the other hand, the lymph gland and the lymphatic vessel have good imaging effect, so that the lymph gland cleaning becomes simple and easy.
The present invention provides a parathyroid gland autofluorescence imaging spectrometer based on the above purpose, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, comprising: a display device 2 and a detector 1 which is connected with the display device 2 in a communication way; the detector 1 is used for sending a light signal before detection to the parathyroid gland and receiving a light signal after detection of the parathyroid gland; and is also used for transmitting the detected optical signal to the display device 2; the imaging device 2 is used for receiving the detected optical signal transmitted by the detector 1, performing spectral analysis on the detected optical signal, and displaying parathyroid gland information in an imaging manner.
The invention relates to a probe 1 comprising: a detection signal transmitting device 3 and a detection signal receiving device 4;
the detection signal transmitting device 3 and the detection signal receiving device 4 are respectively in communication connection with the developing device 2; the imaging device 2 sends detection control information to the detection signal emitting device 3, so that the detection signal emitting device 3 sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland; the detection signal receiving means 4 is for receiving the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected, and transmitting the detected optical signal to the imaging means 2.
As a preferable mode, the detection signal emitting device 3 is a neck type 360 ° transmitter 6, the neck type 360 ° transmitter 6 surrounds the neck of the patient, the neck type 360 ° transmitter 6 is provided with a group of emitting light sources 7, an optical fiber 9 and a laser 5;
the group of emission light sources 7 includes at least eight emission light sources 7; the eight emission light sources 7 are uniformly distributed on the neck type 360-degree transmitter 6; each emission light source 7 is connected with the laser 5 through an optical fiber 9, and an optical filter 8 is arranged between the emission end of the laser 5 and the optical fiber 9; the detection signal receiving device 4 is a laser probe which receives the optical signal which is emitted by the neck type 360-degree transmitter 6 and used for detecting the parathyroid gland and transmits the optical signal after detection to the imaging device 2;
or, the laser probe is a detection signal transmitting device 3, and the laser probe is provided with a transmitting light source 7, an optical fiber 9 and a laser 5; the detection signal receiving device 4 is a neck type 360-degree transmitter 6, and the neck type 360-degree transmitter 6 surrounds the neck of the patient; the neck type 360-degree transmitter 6 receives the optical signal which is emitted by the laser probe and used for detecting the parathyroid gland, and transmits the optical signal after detection to the imaging device 2.
The neck 360 transmitter 6 can be used as a transmitting end and the laser probe as a receiving end. Of course, the laser probe can be used as the emitting end, and the neck-type 360-degree transmitter 6 can be used as a receiving end. Allowing the emitted detection light signal to penetrate and be detected.
The neck-type 360 DEG transmitter 6 as the transmitting end can form multi-angle transmission. When the neck type 360-degree transmitter 6 is used as a receiving end, multi-angle receiving can be realized. The laser probe can be handheld and is operated by medical staff in hand, so that the operation is more convenient.
Of course, the neck type 360-degree transmitter 6 is made according to human engineering and is matched with the neck of a human body, a neck bracket can be adopted to be fixed on the neck of the human body, the neck bracket is provided with a rotating tray, and at least eight emission lamps are uniformly distributed on the rotating tray. The eight emission lamps are connected with the laser 5 through optical fibers 9, and an optical filter 8 is arranged between the emission end of the laser 5 and the optical fibers 9. Has 360-degree transmission function to the neck.
Preferably, the rotating tray is made of
The ADC12 comprises aluminum components, eight emission lamps are uniformly distributed on one end of the rotary tray, one end of the lower end optical fiber 9 is connected with the laser 5, and the other end of the lower end optical fiber is connected with the laser probeConnecting;
the aluminum component of ADC12 also provides heat sinking capability. The laser 5 emits infrared detection light having a wavelength of 650nm to 900 nm. The filter 8 has a transmission wavelength of 750nm to 860 nm. Preferably, the transmission wavelength of the filter 8 is 785 nm. Or the transmission wavelength of the filter 8 is 775 nm. Or the transmission wavelength of the filter 8 is 790 nm. The optical fiber 9 is a pmma plastic optical fiber 9.
Similarly, the laser probe refers to an infrared detection light having a wavelength of 650nm to 900nm emitted from the laser 5.
In addition to the above-mentioned operation, the detector 1 of the present invention may further include: a detection signal transceiver; the detection signal receiving and sending device is in communication connection with the developing device 2; the imaging device 2 sends detection control information to the detection signal transmitting and receiving device, so that the detection signal transmitting and receiving device transmits infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives an optical signal after detecting the parathyroid gland, and transmits the optical signal after detecting to the imaging device 2.
Specifically, the laser probe is a detection signal transceiver; the laser probe is in communication connection with the imaging device 2;
the imaging device 2 sends detection control information to the laser probe, so that the laser probe sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected, and transmits the optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected to the imaging device 2;
or, the neck type 360 degree transmitter 6 is a detection signal transceiver; the neck type 360-degree transmitter 6 is in communication connection with the developing device 2; the imaging device 2 sends detection control information to the neck-type 360 ° transmitter 6, so that the neck-type 360 ° transmitter 6 sends infrared detection light with a wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives an optical signal after detecting the parathyroid gland, and transmits the optical signal after detecting to the imaging device 2.
That is, the neck type 360 ° transmitter 6 and the laser probe are used as the transceiver. The display device 2 can respectively display the information states detected by the two devices for medical staff to use. This can increase the penetration ability and be used according to different conditions.
In the present invention, as both of the above-described modes, the probe 1 further includes: the detector comprises a microcontroller, a lens focusing device, an infrared camera and a power supply battery for supplying power to internal elements of the detector 1;
the lens focusing device, the wireless communication module and the infrared camera are respectively connected with the microcontroller;
the microcontroller is in communication connection with the display device 2 through a wireless communication module;
the microcontroller takes the image information of the parathyroid gland detection process through the infrared camera and transmits the image information to the imaging device 2; the microcontroller is also used for receiving a lens focusing control instruction sent by the imaging device 2 and adjusting the focal length of the infrared camera through the lens focusing device.
As a preferred embodiment, the microcontroller acquires a parathyroid gland image detection region, monitors parathyroid gland image frames in the parathyroid gland image detection region, and analyzes the parathyroid gland image frames when the monitored parathyroid gland image frames reach a frame number threshold; when the parathyroid gland image frame does not reach the threshold value of the frame number, the parathyroid gland image frame is continuously monitored until the threshold value of the frame number is reached;
the analyzing and processing the parathyroid gland image frame comprises the following steps: analyzing the parathyroid gland image frames in an RGB color space to form at least three single-channel parathyroid gland images; respectively calculating the spatial average value of pixels in each channel parathyroid gland image area to form three parathyroid gland image RGB signal values corresponding to each frame, wherein the signal value range is 0-255, and the three parathyroid gland image RGB signal values of each frame form three parathyroid gland image sequences so as to obtain parathyroid gland image signals from each frame of parathyroid gland image;
and then, performing fast Fourier transform on each parathyroid gland image sequence respectively to obtain the corresponding power spectral densities of the three parathyroid gland image sequences, and selecting the parathyroid gland with the highest power and the highest brightness in the three parathyroid gland image sequences. This can reduce the amount of communication data, and when the maximum power in the parathyroid gland image sequence occurs, the parathyroid gland image with the highest brightness is transmitted to the visualization device 2.
As a preferred embodiment, the microcontroller can also take image information of the parathyroid gland detecting process by the infrared camera in real time and transmit the image information to the visualization device 2 in real time.
The process of determining the parathyroid gland image with the highest brightness as the maximum power in the parathyroid gland image sequence can be processed by the processor of the display device 2, and the process of the processor of the display device 2 can be processed in the above manner.
The probe 1 further comprises: the detection handle and the detection end are connected with each other; the detection end is used for receiving the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected; the detection handle is provided with a functional display screen, a charging interface, a signal transmission interface, a communication transmission switch, a power switch, an aviation plug, a focusing key and a radiator for radiating the electrical element; the functional display screen is used for displaying the current operating parameters of the detector 1; the charging interface is used for connecting an external power supply to charge the power supply battery; the signal transmission interface is used for communicating with the display device 2 through a connecting signal line; the communication transmission switch is used for controlling the on-off of the communication with the developing device 2; the power switch is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply battery; the focusing key is used for receiving a focusing control instruction of the lens focusing device.
The detection end is provided with an illumination light source, a temperature sensor and a non-contact blood flow sensor; the functional display screen, the temperature sensor and the non-contact blood flow sensor are respectively connected with the microcontroller; the temperature sensor is used for sensing the temperature information of the parathyroid gland, and transmitting the sensed parathyroid gland temperature information to the imaging device 2 through the microcontroller and the signal transmission interface for displaying; meanwhile, the display is also carried out through the microcontroller and the functional display screen; the non-contact blood flow sensor senses the blood flow information of the parathyroid gland, and transmits the sensed blood flow information of the parathyroid gland to the imaging device 2 for display through the microcontroller and the signal transmission interface; and simultaneously, the display is also realized through the microcontroller and the functional display screen.
Thus, the detector 1 can detect parathyroid gland and temperature information and blood flow information of a human body at an operation part in real time, so that an operator can obtain updated information and effective treatment is guaranteed.
A wireless communication module is arranged inside the detection handle; the detector 1 is in communication connection with the visualization device 2 through a wireless communication module. Thus, the detector 1 is not limited to the wired transmission of the detection information, and can also transmit the information in the modes of WIFI, Bluetooth, radio frequency and the like.
In the invention, the developing device 2 is provided with a processor, an imaging module and a display screen; in the invention, a processor can be used for receiving a detected optical signal transmitted by a detector 1, an imaging module collects spectrum information of the detected optical signal by using a point detector 1, the spectrum information is divided into different wave bands by a dispersion element, space scanning is completed by swinging a point scanning mirror in a plane vertical to an optical track direction and moving the point scanning mirror along the optical track direction, and then the spectrum information scanned by the point detector 1 is spliced to form spectrum scanning plane imaging information; and the processor displays the imaging information of the spectral scanning surface through the display screen.
That is, the detected spectral information and the parathyroid gland image information are displayed by imaging on the scanning surface. Of course, there is also a method of spatially displaying parathyroid gland image information based on a 3D method. That is, image information taken by the infrared camera and detection information of infrared detection light of the detector 1 are combined to realize parathyroid gland display based on 3D images. In this way, the display device 2 is provided with a 3D display or 3D operation software for performing operation display.
More specifically, the image display device 2 is further provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting seat 22 and a lifting rod 27 connected with the lifting seat 22 in a sliding manner; the top end of the lifting rod 27 is connected with the display screen 23; the bottom end of the lifting seat 22 is connected with a base 21; the base 21 is connected with a universal wheel 24; the lifting base 22 is connected with a storage cabinet 25 and an operation table 26.
The imaging module in the imaging device 2 may be an area imager such as that shown in fig. 5, which is an area imaging spectrometer using 100 spot array detectors 1 and an optical scanner, but is not limited to 100 spot array detectors 1.
The imaging device 2 collects the spectral information by using the point detector 1, divides the spectral information into different wave bands after passing through the dispersion element, respectively completes the spatial scanning on different elements of the point array detector 1 through the swinging of the point scanning mirror in the plane vertical to the track direction and the movement along the track direction, and completes the spectral scanning plane imager by using the point detector 1.
The imaging module related to the invention can obtain the spectral information of each point on the surface of the object, while the traditional spectrometer can only obtain the spectral information of one point on the object, the imaging module is a device capable of detecting the spectrum of the substance, and the area imaging spectrometer can detect the wavelength of the spectrum emitted by the substance and the intensity information of each wavelength.
Therefore, the invention utilizes the characteristic spectrum of the parathyroid autologous fluorescent substance emitted by the parathyroid muscle fat to carry out imaging, so that bright light emitted by the parathyroid gland can be seen in the operation.
The imaging spectrometer for rapidly identifying the spontaneous fluorescence surface of the parathyroid gland is suitable for observing 700-900nm infrared signals and imaging, can observe 830nm peak fluorescence signals emitted by the parathyroid gland, and can observe the infrared signals and image.
As a preferred real-time mode and a preferred configuration of the present invention, it is possible to configure as follows, specifically, the parathyroid imager basic configuration is specified in Table l
TABLE 1
The developing device 2 is configured: 1 dual-core i5 processor, memory 8G, hard disk 1T; 2 display 21.5
In inches.
Charging functional technical parameters of the handheld detector 1: the 5V4 festival 18650 rechargeable lithium batteries are built in, the charging time is more than or equal to 8 hours, the continuous operation can be carried out for 4 hours after full charging, and the electric quantity is displayed in the electric quantity display window of the handle.
The handheld detector 1 is a digital fluorescent detection probe with the diameter larger than or equal to 63 mm. Lens: the infrared high lens head makes the infrared signal image clearly. The focusing mode of the lens is 1, the detection distance is 100 mm-infinity, and clear imaging is carried out. And (4) electrically focusing. Working distance of the lens: 100mm-500 mm. Light source and light source control: the power of a light source is 25W, an internal direct current power supply is provided, and the battery has + 5% and-10% relative errors of 4 batteries with 3.7V; controlling and adjusting the third gear; strong, medium, weak.
Imaging control:
1, automatic exposure control, and manual adjustment of exposure parameters;
2, digital video recording and digital spot shooting;
3, real-time color function, real-time dynamic measurement gray scale function;
camera parameters: digital imaging, 720p, at least 25 frames per second;
fluorescence imaging parameters:
1, measuring depth and optically imaging for 8 mm;
2, the penetration depth of autofluorescence is 1 mm;
the imaging is carried out by utilizing the characteristic spectrum of the parathyroid autologous fluorescent substance emitted by the parathyroid autologous fluorescent substance to be different from that of thyroid, muscle and fat, and bright light emitted by the parathyroid gland can be seen in the operation.
Capturing fluorescence by a CKOS receptor in the camera and transmitting a signal to the processor; and displaying the fluorescence image/white light/fluorescence/color fusion image on the screen in real time.
The imaging spectrometer can be quickly and accurately found in an operation to quickly identify and distinguish the parathyroid gland, and can transplant autologous parathyroid gland within 2 minutes after excision of an in vitro body if an illness state needs to be excised, and the survival rate of the transplanted autologous parathyroid gland is more than 90% within 15 minutes after the autologous parathyroid gland is transplanted. The transplantable characteristic of parathyroid gland is realized. The traditional method cannot be achieved, the time required for transplanting the autologous parathyroid gland is very urgent, the operation time of 15 minutes is reserved for doctors due to the risk of thermal ischemia, the transplantation survival can be ensured, and whether the parathyroid gland is alive or not can be detected by acquiring the temperature information and the blood flow information of the parathyroid gland. Therefore, the parathyroid gland which is cut by mistake can be quickly and accurately found in the cut tissue, and a last line of defense is provided for the protection of the parathyroid gland.
The techniques described herein may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or any combination thereof. Various features are described as modules, units or components that may be implemented together in an integrated logic device or separately as discrete but interoperable logic devices or other hardware devices. In some cases, various features of an electronic circuit may be implemented as one or more integrated circuit devices, such as an integrated circuit chip or chipset.
The invention is implemented in hardware and relates to an apparatus, e.g. as a processor or an integrated circuit device, such as an integrated circuit chip or chipset. Alternatively or additionally, if implemented in software or firmware, the techniques may implement a data storage medium readable at least in part by a computer, comprising instructions that when executed cause a processor to perform one or more of the above-described methods. For example, a computer-readable data storage medium may store instructions that are executed, such as by a processor.
The code or instructions for implementing the present invention in a rapid identification parathyroid autofluorescence imaging spectrometer may be software and/or firmware executed by processing circuitry including one or more processors, such as one or more Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), general purpose microcontrollers, application specific integrated circuits ASICs, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), or other equivalent integrated or discrete logic circuitry. Thus, the term "processor," as used herein, may refer to any of the foregoing structure or any other structure more suitable for implementing the techniques described herein. In addition, in some aspects, the functionality described in this disclosure may be provided in software modules and hardware modules.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. A kind of fast recognition parathyroid gland autofluorescence face imaging spectrometer, characterized by, including: the device comprises a developing device and a detector which is in communication connection with the developing device;
the detector is used for sending a light signal before detection to the parathyroid gland and receiving a light signal after detection of the parathyroid gland;
the optical signal after detection is transmitted to the display device;
the imaging device is used for receiving the detected optical signal transmitted by the detector, performing spectral analysis on the detected optical signal, and imaging and displaying parathyroid information;
the detector includes: a detection signal transmitting device and a detection signal receiving device;
the detection signal transmitting device and the detection signal receiving device are respectively in communication connection with the developing device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the detection signal transmitting device, so that the detection signal transmitting device sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland;
the detection signal receiving device is used for receiving the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected and transmitting the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected to the developing device;
the detection signal emitting device is a neck type 360-degree transmitter, the neck type 360-degree transmitter surrounds the neck of the patient, and the neck type 360-degree transmitter is provided with an emitting light source group, an optical fiber and a laser;
the emission light source group comprises at least eight emission light sources; the eight emission light sources are uniformly distributed on the neck type 360-degree transmitter;
each transmitting light source is connected with a laser through an optical fiber, and an optical filter is arranged between the transmitting end of the laser and the optical fiber;
the detection signal receiving device is a laser probe, the laser probe receives an optical signal which is emitted by the neck type 360-degree transmitter and used for detecting the parathyroid gland, and the detected optical signal is transmitted to the imaging device;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the laser probe is a detection signal transmitting device and is provided with a transmitting light source, an optical fiber and a laser;
the detection signal receiving device is a neck type 360-degree transmitter, and the neck type 360-degree transmitter surrounds the neck of the patient;
the neck type 360-degree transmitter receives the optical signal which is sent by the laser probe and used for detecting the parathyroid gland, and transmits the optical signal after detection to the imaging device.
2. The rapid-identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer according to claim 1,
the detector includes: a detection signal transceiver;
the detection signal receiving and transmitting device is in communication connection with the developing device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the detection signal transceiver, so that the detection signal transceiver transmits infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives an optical signal after detecting the parathyroid gland, and transmits the optical signal after detecting to the imaging device.
3. The rapid-identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer according to claim 2,
the laser probe is a detection signal transceiver; the laser probe is in communication connection with the imaging device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the laser probe, so that the laser probe sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected, and transmits the optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected to the imaging device;
or the like, or, alternatively,
the neck type 360-degree transmitter is a detection signal transceiver; the neck type 360-degree transmitter is in communication connection with the developing device;
the imaging device sends detection control information to the neck type 360-degree transmitter, so that the neck type 360-degree transmitter sends infrared detection light with the wavelength of 650nm to 900nm to the parathyroid gland, receives optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected, and transmits the optical signals after the parathyroid gland is detected to the imaging device.
4. The rapid-identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer according to claim 1,
the detector further comprises: the device comprises a microcontroller, a lens focusing device, a wireless communication module, an infrared camera and a power supply battery for supplying power to internal elements of the detector;
the lens focusing device, the wireless communication module and the infrared camera are respectively connected with the microcontroller;
the microcontroller is in communication connection with the display device through the wireless communication module;
the microcontroller captures image information of the parathyroid gland detection process through the infrared camera and transmits the image information to the imaging device; the microcontroller is also used for receiving a lens focusing control instruction sent by the imaging device and adjusting the focal length of the infrared camera through the lens focusing device.
5. The rapid-identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer according to claim 4,
the method comprises the steps that a microcontroller acquires a parathyroid gland image detection area, monitors parathyroid gland image frames of the parathyroid gland image detection area, and analyzes and processes the parathyroid gland image frames when the monitored parathyroid gland image frames reach a frame number threshold; when the parathyroid gland image frame does not reach the threshold value of the frame number, the parathyroid gland image frame is continuously monitored until the threshold value of the frame number is reached;
the analyzing and processing the parathyroid gland image frame comprises the following steps: analyzing the parathyroid gland image frames in an RGB color space to form at least three single-channel parathyroid gland images; respectively calculating the spatial average value of pixels in each channel parathyroid gland image area to form three parathyroid gland image RGB signal values corresponding to each frame, wherein the signal value range is 0-255, and the three parathyroid gland image RGB signal values of each frame form three parathyroid gland image sequences so as to obtain parathyroid gland image signals from each frame of parathyroid gland image;
and then, performing fast Fourier transform on each parathyroid gland image sequence respectively to obtain the corresponding power spectral densities of the three parathyroid gland image sequences, and selecting the parathyroid gland with the highest power and the highest brightness in the three parathyroid gland image sequences.
6. The rapid-identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer according to claim 4,
the developing device is provided with a processor, an imaging module and a display screen;
the processor is used for receiving the detected optical signals transmitted by the detector, collecting the spectrum information of the detected optical signals by the imaging module through the point detector, dividing the spectrum information into different wave bands after passing through the dispersion element, completing space scanning by swinging the point scanning mirror in a plane vertical to the optical track direction and moving the point scanning mirror along the optical track direction, and splicing the spectrum information scanned by the point detector to form spectrum scanning plane imaging information;
and the processor displays the imaging information of the spectral scanning surface through the display screen.
7. The rapid-identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer according to claim 4,
the detector further comprises: the detection handle and the detection end are connected with each other;
the detection end is used for receiving the optical signal after the parathyroid gland is detected;
the detection end is provided with an illumination light source, a temperature sensor and a non-contact blood flow sensor;
the functional display screen, the temperature sensor and the non-contact blood flow sensor are respectively connected with the microcontroller;
the temperature sensor is used for sensing the temperature information of the parathyroid gland, and transmitting the sensed parathyroid gland temperature information to the imaging device through the microcontroller and the signal transmission interface for displaying; meanwhile, the display is also carried out through the microcontroller and the functional display screen;
the non-contact blood flow sensor is used for sensing the blood flow information of the parathyroid gland, and transmitting the sensed blood flow information of the parathyroid gland to the imaging device for displaying through the microcontroller and the signal transmission interface; meanwhile, the display is also carried out through the microcontroller and the functional display screen;
the detection handle is provided with a functional display screen, a charging interface, a signal transmission interface, a communication transmission switch, a power switch, an aviation plug, a focusing key and a radiator for radiating the electrical element;
the functional display screen is used for displaying the current operating parameters of the detector;
the charging interface is used for connecting an external power supply to charge the power supply battery;
the signal transmission interface is used for communicating with the display device through a connecting signal line;
the communication transmission switch is used for controlling the on-off of the communication with the developing device;
the power switch is used for controlling the on-off of the power supply battery;
the focusing key is used for receiving a focusing control instruction of the lens focusing device.
8. The rapid-identification parathyroid gland autofluorescence surface imaging spectrometer according to claim 3,
the developing device is also provided with a lifting mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is provided with a lifting seat (22) and a lifting rod (27) which is connected with the lifting seat (22) in a sliding way;
the top end of the lifting rod (27) is connected with the display screen (23); the bottom end of the lifting seat (22) is connected with a base (21);
the base (21) is connected with a universal wheel (24);
the lifting seat (22) is connected with a storage cabinet (25) and an operation table top (26).
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| CN113662515A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-19 | 赛德生物科技(山东)有限责任公司 | Parathyroid gland check out test set |
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