CN110214774B - Method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri - Google Patents

Method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110214774B
CN110214774B CN201910492760.1A CN201910492760A CN110214774B CN 110214774 B CN110214774 B CN 110214774B CN 201910492760 A CN201910492760 A CN 201910492760A CN 110214774 B CN110214774 B CN 110214774B
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ultrasonic
ultrasonic wave
equipment
diaphorina citri
emission
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CN110214774A (en
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黄志民
谢能中
陈先锐
黄慨
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Guangxi Zhongke microwave advanced manufacturing industry technology Research Institute
Nanning Zhongke microwave advanced manufacturing industry technology Research Institute
Guangxi Academy of Sciences
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Guangxi Zhongke Microwave Advanced Manufacturing Industry Technology Research Institute
Nanning Zhongke Microwave Advanced Manufacturing Industry Technology Research Institute
Guangxi Academy of Sciences
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M29/00—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus
    • A01M29/16—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using sound waves
    • A01M29/18—Scaring or repelling devices, e.g. bird-scaring apparatus using sound waves using ultrasonic signals
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
    • A01M2200/00—Kind of animal
    • A01M2200/01—Insects
    • A01M2200/011—Crawling insects

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for repelling diaphorina citri by ultrasonic waves, and relates to the technical field of ultrasonic application. The ultrasonic equipment is arranged in a grid in the citrus orchard, then the ultrasonic equipment is started for ultrasonic emission from inside to outside in sequence, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 20 KHz-10 MHz, the power is 1-5 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 1-10 min, the intermittent time is 1-15 min, and ultrasonic wave is adopted to block citrus psyllids and repeat ultrasonic emission, so that the effect of expelling the citrus psyllids for a long time is achieved. The method for repelling the diaphorina citri has an obvious effect, can reduce the detectable rate of the diaphorina citri in an orchard by over 90 percent, greatly limits the capability of the diaphorina citri to spread the citrus yellow shoot, can effectively prevent the spread of the yellow shoot, does not need to use chemical agents, and is an ecological, environment-friendly and efficient method for repelling the diaphorina citri.

Description

Method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ultrasonic application, and particularly relates to a method for repelling diaphorina citri by ultrasonic.
Background
Citrus Huanglongbing (huangglongbing) is the first devastating disease of current global citrus production, caused by the parasitizing brevibacterium within the phloem of plants. Due to the serious hazards and high mortality, and the lack of effective prevention and control methods to date, huanglongbing is known as citrus "cancer". The diaphorina citri is the only natural transmission medium of the diaphorina citri in the field, the whole life cycle of the diaphorina citri comprises three stages of eggs, nymphs and adults, the adults and the nymphs absorb a large amount of initial skin juice to obtain and transmit the diaphorina citri, and the effective control of the detection rate of the diaphorina citri in time is an effective way for preventing and treating the diaphorina citri. The traditional method for controlling the diaphorina citri mainly comprises two methods of physical trapping and chemical killing. Chinese patent CN201810639091 (application number) discloses application of a special light source in trapping citrus psyllids and a citrus psyllid trap, wherein the wavelength of the special light source is 409.9 nm-511.6 nm, and when the light source with the wavelength is used, the effect of trapping the citrus psyllids by lamplight can be greatly improved; meanwhile, the special light source has single wavelength and strong pertinence, has strong specificity for trapping diaphorina citri, and has small harm to other insects, particularly beneficial insects. Chinese patent CN201810370904 (application number) discloses a diaphorina citri control device and method, which comprises a spawning mechanism and a light trapping mechanism, wherein the spawning mechanism comprises a supporting body, the supporting body comprises a root, a side surface of the root is connected with a supporting blade, the length of the supporting body is L, and L is more than 0 and less than 10 mm. The other side surface of the root part is connected with a bearing installation part. The light trapping mechanism is provided with an ultraviolet lamp, and the wavelength range of the ultraviolet light generated by the ultraviolet lamp is 390nm-405 nm. Chinese patent CN201810428158 (application number) discloses an insecticidal composition suitable for preventing and controlling diaphorina citri by drip irrigation, the active ingredients of the insecticidal composition are binary complex formulation of sulfoxaflor and cyantraniliprole, and the optimal synergistic ratio of indoor bioassay of the insecticidal composition to the diaphorina citri is 5: 3. Chinese patent CN201510931478 discloses a pharmaceutical composition for controlling diaphorina citri. The drug comprises acetamiprid and rotenone, wherein the mixing volume ratio of the acetamiprid to the rotenone is 5-15: 1. the problem of low trapping efficiency when the citrus psyllids are physically trapped, and pesticide residues are easily generated in chemical drug control, so that the product quality of citrus is influenced. Therefore, the development of a novel method for controlling diaphorina citri is urgently needed.
The ultrasonic wave is a sound wave with the frequency of 20 KHz-300 MHz, has good directivity and strong penetrating power, is easy to obtain more concentrated sound energy, has long propagation distance in air and water, and can be used for distance measurement, speed measurement, cleaning, welding, stone breaking, sterilization, disinfection and the like. The method has a plurality of applications in medicine, military, industry and agriculture. The first studies of ultrasound in humans were derived from bats of the animal kingdom. Bats feeding on insects have echo location systems to varying degrees, and are therefore called "live radars". With this system, they can fly and catch food in a totally dark environment, applying echolocation with a lot of disturbance, sending wave signals without affecting normal breathing. The nose and mouth of their head are grown with a structure called "nasal lobe", and there are very complicated special skin folds around them, which is a peculiar biological wave device, which has the function of transmitting waves and can continuously emit high-frequency biological waves, i.e. ultrasonic waves. As a response of the bat ultrasonic predation system, flying insects facing bat predation evolve auditory organs at different parts of the body, and the auditory organs can detect echo positioning signals sent by the bats. The detection action of the insect on the acoustic signal is mainly to avoid the insect from being caught by natural enemies and take escape or evasion measures. Meanwhile, the ultrasonic wave with a certain frequency can also influence the growth, mating and oviposition of insects, and even has a killing effect on the insects. In recent years, the research on sound behaviors has become one of the hot areas of the research on the physical control of insects, and the application of ultrasonic waves to pest control is already available. Chinese patent CN200410040407 (application number) discloses a method and device for killing diptera pests by ultrasonic waves, which adopts a digital signal processing technology to divide a frequency band with the frequency of 20 KHz-70 KHz into 10-1000 frequency bands, and transmits a frequency band signal by sweeping frequency at intervals of 0.001-10 seconds, and the frequency signals of the divided 10-1000 frequency bands are sequentially and circularly transmitted by a buzzer to transmit ultrasonic sweeping frequency signals. Chinese patent CN201510594103 (application number) discloses an ultrasonic insect-expelling and killing method, which utilizes a single-chip microcomputer to generate multi-point fixed-frequency and/or variable-frequency ultrasonic waves, wherein the ultrasonic frequency is 20-400 KHz; ultrasonic waves are converted into sound energy through an amplifier and an ultrasonic horn; the aiming target area of the ultrasonic horn is adjusted, and since the smaller the body, the higher the resonant frequency of the object, the ultrasonic wave which can not be heard by human ears breaks the heart and the inner circulation of the smaller animal, so that the smaller animal can escape or be killed.
The diaphorina citri imago has the characteristics of bouncing movement and short-distance flight, and the ultrasonic wave diaphorina citri repelling method is developed aiming at the characteristics, can efficiently and nontoxically repel the diaphorina citri, and is beneficial to controlling the diaphorina citri detectable rate of a citrus orchard, so that the propagation and spread of the citrus yellow shoot are controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention discloses a method for ultrasonically driving citrus psylla, which comprises the steps of arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid manner in a citrus orchard, then automatically starting the ultrasonic equipment in the citrus orchard from inside to outside in sequence to carry out ultrasonic emission, and blocking the citrus psylla and repeating the ultrasonic emission by adopting ultrasonic waves to realize the effect of driving the citrus psylla for a long time.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic equipment arrangement: arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid in a citrus orchard, and specifically comprising the following steps: drawing a citrus orchard plan view to the center of gravity A of the orchard plan view0Sequentially drawing transverse and longitudinal straight lines at intervals of 20-100 m as a center, intersecting to form grid lines and covering the whole orchard plan, and respectively forming a plan view A0N squares A as centers1-AnWherein n is a natural number not less than 1, in A0And A1-AnUltrasonic equipment is respectively arranged on the intersection points of the grid lines;
(2) ultrasonic wave drives oranges and tangerines psylla: when the average temperature is 14-18 ℃ and 0-4 hours in the morning, ultrasonic equipment is automatically started in sequence from inside to outside in a citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 20 KHz-10 MHz, the power is 1-5 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 1-10 min, and the intermittent time is 1-15 min;
(3) ultrasonic wave separation of diaphorina citri: maintaining the outermost layer A of citrus orchard at an average temperature of 14-18 deg.C during 4-5 amnThe ultrasonic equipment on is automatically opened, and other ultrasonic equipment is automatically closed, AnThe ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic wave with frequency of 20 KHz-10 MHz and power of 0.1-1 KW for 2-3 times with single ultrasonic wave transmission time of 10-20 min and intermittent time of 1-5 min, and then automatically turns off AnThe ultrasonic device above;
(4) repeating ultrasonic wave emission: every 7-15 days is an ultrasonic wave emission period, after the ultrasonic wave emission period, the diaphorina citri forms emergency reflection to escape from the orchard, and when the diaphorina citri reappears in the orchard, the ultrasonic wave emission of the next period is repeated, so that the diaphorina citri is driven for a long time.
As a further illustration of the invention, the ultrasonic device in step (1) emits plane waves, and the plane waves are continuous waves or pulse waves.
As a further illustration of the invention, the pulse width of the pulse wave is 20-200 ms, and the pause time is 10-50 ms.
As a further illustration of the invention, A0The direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic equipment is the four-side emission, square A1-AnThe ultrasonic wave device on the ultrasonic wave device transmits ultrasonic waves in a direction back to A0And (4) transmitting.
As a further illustration of the invention, the average air temperature is 16 ℃.
As a further explanation of the present invention, the step (2) of automatically starting the ultrasonic device from inside to outside in sequence to transmit the ultrasonic waves comprises the following specific steps: automatic opening A0The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at intervals of 1-5 min1The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened again at an interval of 1-5 min2The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves and analogizes the ultrasonic waves until the outmost layer A of the citrus orchard is automatically openednThe ultrasonic device above performs ultrasonic transmission.
As a further explanation of the invention, in the step (2), the ultrasonic equipment is automatically started to carry out ultrasonic emission from inside to outside in sequence in the citrus orchard, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 50 KHz-6 MHz, the power is 1-3 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 5-10 min, and the intermittent time is 2-10 min.
As a further explanation of the invention, in the step (2), the ultrasonic devices are automatically started in sequence from inside to outside in the citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic device is 2 MHz, the power is 3 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 5 min, and the pause time is 3 min.
As a further explanation of the present invention, in the step (3), the outermost layer AnThe ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 50 KHz to 6 MHz and the power of 0.5 to 1 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmitting time is 15 to 20 min, the intermission time is 1 to 3 min, and the ultrasonic equipment transmits for 2 to 3 times.
As a further explanation of the present invention, in the step (3), the outermost layer AnThe ultrasonic equipment performs ultrasonic emission at the frequency of 0.5 MHz and the power of 0.5 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 15 min, the intermission time is 1min, and the emission is performed for 3 times.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
the ultrasonic wave is a sound wave with frequency higher than 20KHz, and its directivity is good, penetration capacity is strong, it is easy to obtain more concentrated sound energy, and its frequency is high, power is large, and its energy is far greater than that of general sound wave. The diaphorina citri belongs to flying insects, is threatened by natural enemies such as bats, birds, bees and frogs, evolves auditory organs under long-term survival pressure, and the auditory organs can detect echo positioning signals sent by the natural enemies. When the diaphorina citri or other insects detect ultrasonic waves emitted by similar natural enemies, stress response can be generated, and the diaphorina citri or other insects can escape and avoid quickly to prevent the diaphorina citri or other insects from being preyed. The adult diaphorina citri can almost still stand at the temperature of below 8 ℃, can move by flying and jumping at the temperature of 14 ℃, and starts to lay eggs and propagate at the temperature of 18 ℃, so the diaphorina citri moves most actively at the temperature of 14-18 ℃. The ultrasonic equipment is arranged in the citrus orchard in a grid mode, and then the ultrasonic equipment is automatically started from inside to outside in the citrus orchard to carry out ultrasonic emission. By adopting the method, ultrasonic wave emission is firstly carried out on ultrasonic wave equipment at the center of the citrus orchard, the ultrasonic wave direction is four-side emission, the ultrasonic wave frequency of each ultrasonic wave equipment is 20 KHz-10 MHz, the power is 1-5 KW, the single ultrasonic wave emission time is 1-10 min, the intermission time is 1-15 min, so that the diaphorina citri escapes from the center of the orchard outwards, and after the interval is 1-5 min, when the diaphorina citri escapes to the square A1When in position, the square A is automatically opened1The ultrasonic equipment on the fruit tree is transmitted to a central point in a back direction, and the diaphorina citri is continuously transmitted to the orchardOuter layer driving, and opening the square A layer by layer at intervals of 1-5 min2-AnThe diaphorina citri is gradually driven to the citrus orchard by the ultrasonic emission. When the psyllids are completely driven, the outermost layer A of the orchard is continuously keptnThe ultrasonic equipment is automatically started, ultrasonic emission is carried out at the frequency of 20 KHz-10 MHz and the power of 0.1-1 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 10-20 min, the intermittent time is 1-5 min, and the emission is carried out for 2-3 times, so that diaphorina citri outside the orchard is in the ultrasonic driving effect, conditioned reflex and stress memory are generated, and the diaphorina citri is consciously away from the citrus orchard. Every 7-15 days is an ultrasonic emission period, so that the memory evasion of the diaphorina citri is strengthened, and the effect of expelling the diaphorina citri for a long time is realized.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the ultrasonic equipment is arranged in a grid mode in the citrus orchard, the ultrasonic equipment is automatically started from inside to outside in sequence to carry out ultrasonic emission, and the citrus psyllids can be gradually driven outwards from the central point of the orchard.
(2) The ultrasonic frequency of 20 KHz-10 Mhz causes the diaphorina citri in the orchard to generate serious discomfort and stress escape.
(3) The ultrasonic waves are fully covered in the citrus orchard, so that the citrus psyllid eggs and nymphs remained in the citrus orchard cause high-frequency oscillation damage, and the effect of killing the citrus psyllids to a certain degree is achieved.
(4) The ultrasonic wave can drive and kill the diaphorina citri, and simultaneously can drive or kill various citrus pests such as red spider, leaf miner, rust tick, scale insect and the like.
(5) The method for repelling the diaphorina citri has an obvious effect, can reduce the detectable rate of the diaphorina citri in an orchard by over 90 percent, greatly limits the capability of the diaphorina citri to spread the citrus yellow shoot, can effectively prevent the spread of the yellow shoot, does not need to use chemical agents, and is an ecological, environment-friendly and efficient method for repelling the diaphorina citri.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
a method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic equipment arrangement: arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid in a citrus orchard, and specifically comprising the following steps: drawing a citrus orchard plan view to the center of gravity A of the orchard plan view0Sequentially drawing transverse and longitudinal straight lines at an interval of 60 m as a center, intersecting to form grid lines and covering the whole orchard plan, and respectively forming a plan A04 squares A as centers1-A4At A0And A1Respectively arranging ultrasonic devices on the grid line intersection points of A, wherein the ultrasonic devices emit plane waves, the plane waves are pulse waves, the pulse width of the pulse waves is 200 ms, the pause time is 50 ms, and A0The direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic equipment is the four-side emission, square A1-A4The ultrasonic wave device on the ultrasonic wave device transmits ultrasonic waves in a direction back to A0Transmitting;
(2) ultrasonic wave drives oranges and tangerines psylla: when the average temperature is 16 ℃ and 0-4 hours in the morning, ultrasonic equipment is automatically started from inside to outside in sequence in a citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, and the method comprises the following specific steps: automatic opening A0The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 3 min1The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened again at an interval of 3 min2The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves and analogizes the ultrasonic waves until the outmost layer A of the citrus orchard is automatically opened4The ultrasonic equipment on the ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 2 MHz, the power is 3 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmitting time is 5 min, and the intermittent time is 3 min;
(3) ultrasonic wave separation of diaphorina citri: maintaining the outermost layer A of citrus orchard at an average temperature of 16 deg.C during 4-5 am4The ultrasonic equipment on is automatically opened, and other ultrasonic equipment is automatically closed, A4The ultrasonic equipment performs ultrasonic emission with frequency of 0.5 MHz and power of 0.5 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 15 min, the intermittent time is 1min, the emission is performed for 3 times, and then the A is automatically closednThe ultrasonic device above;
(4) repeating ultrasonic wave emission: every 10 days is an ultrasonic wave emission period, after the ultrasonic wave emission period, the diaphorina citri forms emergency reflection to escape from the orchard, and when the diaphorina citri reappears in the orchard, the ultrasonic wave emission of the next period is repeated, so that the diaphorina citri is driven for a long time.
In the embodiment, the ultrasonic wave is performed in a navel orange orchard with an area of 81 mu, 100 fruit trees in the orchard are randomly spot-checked before the ultrasonic wave is transmitted, 82 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 82%, after the ultrasonic wave is transmitted in 3 periods for 30 days in the embodiment, the 100 fruit trees are repeatedly spot-checked, 5 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 5%, the reduction ratio of the detection rate of the psyllids is 93.9%, and the effect of ultrasonic wave on dispelling the citrus psyllids is very obvious.
Example 2:
a method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic equipment arrangement: arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid in a citrus orchard, and specifically comprising the following steps: drawing a citrus orchard plan view to the center of gravity A of the orchard plan view0Sequentially drawing transverse and longitudinal straight lines at intervals of 30 m as a center, intersecting to form grid lines and covering the whole orchard plan, and respectively forming a plan A05 squares A as centers1-A5At A0And A1-A5Respectively arranging ultrasonic equipment on the intersection points of the grid lines, wherein the ultrasonic equipment emits plane waves which are continuous waves A0The direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic equipment is the four-side emission, square A1-A5The ultrasonic wave device on the ultrasonic wave device transmits ultrasonic waves in a direction back to A0Transmitting;
(2) ultrasonic wave drives oranges and tangerines psylla: when the average temperature is 17 ℃ and 0-4 hours in the morning, ultrasonic equipment is automatically started from inside to outside in sequence in a citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, and the method comprises the following specific steps: automatic opening A0The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 2 min1The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 2 min2The ultrasonic equipment on the ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves, and so on untilAutomatic open outermost A in oranges and tangerines orchard5The ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 200 KHz, the power is 2 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmitting time is 3 min, and the intermittent time is 5 min;
(3) ultrasonic wave separation of diaphorina citri: maintaining the outermost layer A of citrus orchard at an average temperature of 17 deg.C during 4-5 am5The ultrasonic equipment on is automatically opened, and other ultrasonic equipment is automatically closed, A5The ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic wave with frequency of 100 KHz and power of 0.3 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmission time is 20 min, the intermission time is 5 min, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted for 2 times, and then A is automatically closednThe ultrasonic device above;
(4) repeating ultrasonic wave emission: every 8 days is an ultrasonic wave emission period, after the ultrasonic wave emission period, the diaphorina citri forms emergency reflection to escape from the orchard, and when the diaphorina citri reappears in the orchard, the ultrasonic wave emission of the next period is repeated, so that the diaphorina citri is driven for a long time.
In the embodiment, the ultrasonic wave is performed in a sugar orange orchard with the area of 30 mu, 100 fruit trees in the orchard are randomly spot-checked before the ultrasonic wave is emitted, 75 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 75%, after the ultrasonic wave is emitted for 32 days in the 4 periods of the embodiment, the 100 fruit trees are repeatedly spot-checked, 7 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 7%, the reduction ratio of the detection rate of the psyllids is 90.7%, and the effect of ultrasonically dispelling the citrus psyllids is very obvious.
Example 3:
a method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic equipment arrangement: arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid in a citrus orchard, and specifically comprising the following steps: drawing a citrus orchard plan view to the center of gravity A of the orchard plan view0Sequentially drawing transverse and longitudinal straight lines at an interval of 80 m as a center, intersecting to form grid lines and covering the whole orchard plan, and respectively forming a plan A03 squares A as centers1-A3At A0And A1-A3At the intersection of the grid lines ofRespectively arranging ultrasonic devices, wherein the ultrasonic devices emit plane waves, the plane waves are pulse waves, the pulse width of the pulse waves is 100 ms, the intermittent time is 20 ms, A0The direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic equipment is the four-side emission, square A1-A3The ultrasonic wave device on the ultrasonic wave device transmits ultrasonic waves in a direction back to A0Transmitting;
(2) ultrasonic wave drives oranges and tangerines psylla: when the average temperature is 15 ℃ and 0-4 hours in the morning, ultrasonic equipment is automatically started from inside to outside in sequence in a citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, and the method comprises the following specific steps: automatic opening A0The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 4 min1The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 4 min2The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves and analogizes the ultrasonic waves until the outmost layer A of the citrus orchard is automatically opened4The ultrasonic equipment on the ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 8 MHz, the power is 4 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmitting time is 8 min, and the intermittent time is 10 min;
(3) ultrasonic wave separation of diaphorina citri: maintaining the outermost layer A of citrus orchard at 15 deg.C during 4-5 am4The ultrasonic equipment on is automatically opened, and other ultrasonic equipment is automatically closed, A4The ultrasonic equipment performs ultrasonic emission with the frequency of 6 MHz and the power of 0.8 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 10 min, the intermission time is 1min, the emission is performed for 3 times, and then the A is automatically closednThe ultrasonic device above;
(4) repeating ultrasonic wave emission: every 7 days is an ultrasonic wave emission period, after the ultrasonic wave emission period, the diaphorina citri forms emergency reflection to escape from the orchard, and when the diaphorina citri reappears in the orchard, the ultrasonic wave emission of the next period is repeated, so that the diaphorina citri is driven for a long time.
In the embodiment, the ultrasonic wave is performed in a navel orange orchard with an area of 76 mu, before ultrasonic wave emission, 100 fruit trees in the orchard are randomly spot-checked, 57 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 57%, after the ultrasonic wave emission in the embodiment of 4 periods for 28 days, the 100 fruit trees are repeatedly spot-checked, 5 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 5%, the reduction ratio of the detection rate of the psyllids is 91.2%, and the effect of ultrasonic wave on dispelling the citrus psyllids is very obvious.
Example 4:
a method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic equipment arrangement: arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid in a citrus orchard, and specifically comprising the following steps: drawing a citrus orchard plan view to the center of gravity A of the orchard plan view0Sequentially drawing transverse and longitudinal straight lines at intervals of 20 m as a center, intersecting to form grid lines and covering the whole orchard plan, and respectively forming a plan A06 squares A as centers1-A6At A0And A1-A6The grid lines of the ultrasonic wave generator are respectively provided with ultrasonic equipment on the intersection points, the ultrasonic equipment emits plane waves, the plane waves are pulse waves, the pulse width of the pulse waves is 50 ms, the intermittent time is 50 ms, A0The direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic equipment is the four-side emission, square A1-A6The ultrasonic wave device on the ultrasonic wave device transmits ultrasonic waves in a direction back to A0Transmitting;
(2) ultrasonic wave drives oranges and tangerines psylla: when the average temperature is 18 ℃ and 0-4 hours in the morning, ultrasonic equipment is automatically started from inside to outside in sequence in a citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, and the method comprises the following specific steps: automatic opening A0The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 1min1The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 1min2The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves and analogizes the ultrasonic waves until the outmost layer A of the citrus orchard is automatically opened6The ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 20KHz, the power is 1 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmitting time is 10 min, and the intermittent time is 1 min;
(3) ultrasonic wave separation of diaphorina citri: maintaining the outermost layer of citrus orchard at an average temperature of 18 deg.C during 4-5 amA6The ultrasonic equipment on is automatically opened, and other ultrasonic equipment is automatically closed, A6The ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic wave with frequency of 20KHz and power of 0.1, the single ultrasonic wave transmission time is 20 min, the intermission time is 1min, the ultrasonic wave is transmitted for 3 times, and then A is automatically closednThe ultrasonic device above;
(4) repeating ultrasonic wave emission: every 15 days is an ultrasonic wave emission period, after the ultrasonic wave emission period, the diaphorina citri forms emergency reflection to escape from the orchard, and when the diaphorina citri reappears in the orchard, the ultrasonic wave emission of the next period is repeated, so that the diaphorina citri is driven for a long time.
In the embodiment, the ultrasonic wave is performed in an Or orchard with the area of 18 mu, before the ultrasonic wave is transmitted, 100 fruit trees in the orchard are randomly spot-checked, 90 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 90%, after the ultrasonic wave transmission in the 3 periods of 45 days in the embodiment is performed, the 100 fruit trees are repeatedly spot-checked, 8 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 8%, the reduction ratio of the detection rate of the psyllids is 91.1%, and the effect of ultrasonic wave on expelling the citrus psyllids is very obvious.
Example 5:
a method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri comprises the following steps:
(1) ultrasonic equipment arrangement: arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid in a citrus orchard, and specifically comprising the following steps: drawing a citrus orchard plan view to the center of gravity A of the orchard plan view0Sequentially drawing horizontal and longitudinal straight lines at an interval of 100 m as a center, intersecting to form grid lines and covering the whole orchard plan, and respectively forming a plan A03 squares A as centers1-A3At A0And A1-A3Respectively arranging ultrasonic equipment on the intersection points of the grid lines, wherein the ultrasonic equipment emits plane waves which are continuous waves A0The direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic equipment is the four-side emission, square A1-A3The ultrasonic wave device on the ultrasonic wave device transmits ultrasonic waves in a direction back to A0Transmitting;
(2) ultrasonic wave drives oranges and tangerines psylla:when the average temperature is 14 ℃ and 0-4 hours in the morning, ultrasonic equipment is automatically started from inside to outside in sequence in a citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, and the method comprises the following specific steps: automatic opening A0The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at an interval of 5 min1The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened again at an interval of 5 min2The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves and analogizes the ultrasonic waves until the outmost layer A of the citrus orchard is automatically opened3The ultrasonic equipment on the ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 10 MHz, the power is 5 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmitting time is 1min, and the intermittent time is 15 min;
(3) ultrasonic wave separation of diaphorina citri: maintaining the outermost layer A of citrus orchard at an average temperature of 14 deg.C during 4-5 am3The ultrasonic equipment on is automatically opened, and other ultrasonic equipment is automatically closed, A3The ultrasonic equipment performs ultrasonic emission with frequency of 10 MHz and power of 1 KW for 3 times, wherein single ultrasonic emission time is 10 min, and pause time is 5 min, and then A is automatically closed3The ultrasonic device above;
(4) repeating ultrasonic wave emission: every 12 days is an ultrasonic wave emission period, after the ultrasonic wave emission period, the diaphorina citri forms emergency reflection to escape from the orchard, and when the diaphorina citri reappears in the orchard, the ultrasonic wave emission of the next period is repeated, so that the diaphorina citri is driven for a long time.
In the embodiment, the ultrasonic wave is performed in a navel orange orchard with the area of 125 mu, before the ultrasonic wave is transmitted, 100 fruit trees in the orchard are randomly spot-checked, 69 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 69%, after the ultrasonic wave is transmitted in the 4 periods of 48 days in the embodiment, the 100 fruit trees are repeatedly spot-checked, 7 citrus psyllids are found on the trees, the detection rate of the psyllids is 7%, the reduction ratio of the detection rate of the psyllids is 89.9%, and the effect of ultrasonic wave on dispelling the citrus psyllids is very obvious.

Claims (10)

1. The method for ultrasonically repelling diaphorina citri is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) ultrasonic equipment arrangement: arranging ultrasonic equipment in a grid in a citrus orchard, and specifically comprising the following steps: drawing a citrus orchard plan view to the center of gravity A of the orchard plan view0Sequentially drawing transverse and longitudinal straight lines at intervals of 20-100 m as a center, intersecting to form grid lines and covering the whole orchard plan, and respectively forming a plan view A0N squares A as centers1-AnWherein n is a natural number not less than 1, in A0And A1-AnUltrasonic equipment is respectively arranged on the intersection points of the grid lines;
(2) ultrasonic wave drives oranges and tangerines psylla: when the average temperature is 14-18 ℃ and 0-4 hours in the morning, ultrasonic equipment is automatically started in sequence from inside to outside in a citrus orchard for ultrasonic emission, the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 20 KHz-10 MHz, the power is 1-5 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 1-10 min, and the intermittent time is 1-15 min;
(3) ultrasonic wave separation of diaphorina citri: maintaining the outermost layer A of citrus orchard at an average temperature of 14-18 deg.C during 4-5 amnThe ultrasonic equipment on is automatically opened, and other ultrasonic equipment is automatically closed, AnThe ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic wave with frequency of 20 KHz-10 MHz and power of 0.1-1 KW for 2-3 times with single ultrasonic wave transmission time of 10-20 min and intermittent time of 1-5 min, and then automatically turns off AnThe ultrasonic device above;
(4) repeating ultrasonic wave emission: every 7-15 days is an ultrasonic wave emission period, after the ultrasonic wave emission period, the diaphorina citri forms emergency reflection to escape from the orchard, and when the diaphorina citri reappears in the orchard, the ultrasonic wave emission of the next period is repeated, so that the diaphorina citri is driven for a long time.
2. The ultrasonic wave method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave method comprises the following steps: the ultrasonic equipment in the step (1) emits plane waves, and the plane waves are continuous waves or pulse waves.
3. The ultrasonic wave method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 2, wherein the ultrasonic wave method comprises the following steps: the pulse width of the pulse wave is 20-200 ms, and the intermittent time is 10-50 ms.
4. The ultrasonic wave method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 3, wherein the ultrasonic wave method comprises the following steps: a. the0The direction of the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic equipment is the four-side emission, square A1-AnThe ultrasonic wave device on the ultrasonic wave device transmits ultrasonic waves in a direction back to A0And (4) transmitting.
5. The ultrasonic wave method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave method comprises the following steps: the average air temperature was 16 ℃.
6. The ultrasonic wave method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave method comprises the following steps: and (2) automatically starting the ultrasonic equipment from inside to outside in sequence to transmit ultrasonic waves, wherein the specific steps are as follows: automatic opening A0The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened at intervals of 1-5 min1The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves, and the square A is automatically opened again at an interval of 1-5 min2The ultrasonic equipment on the device transmits ultrasonic waves and analogizes the ultrasonic waves until the outmost layer A of the citrus orchard is automatically openednThe ultrasonic device above performs ultrasonic transmission.
7. The ultrasonic wave method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave method comprises the following steps: and (2) automatically starting ultrasonic equipment for ultrasonic emission from inside to outside in sequence in the citrus orchard, wherein the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 50 KHz-6 MHz, the power of each ultrasonic equipment is 1-3 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 5-10 min, and the intermittent time is 2-10 min.
8. The ultrasonic method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 7, wherein the ultrasonic wave is used for repelling diaphorina citri by the following steps: and (2) automatically starting ultrasonic equipment for ultrasonic emission from inside to outside in the citrus orchard in sequence, wherein the ultrasonic frequency of each ultrasonic equipment is 2 MHz, the power of each ultrasonic equipment is 3 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 5 min, and the intermittent time is 3 min.
9. The ultrasonic wave method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic wave method comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the outermost layer AnThe ultrasonic equipment transmits ultrasonic waves with the frequency of 50 KHz to 6 MHz and the power of 0.5 to 1 KW, the single ultrasonic wave transmitting time is 15 to 20 min, the intermission time is 1 to 3 min, and the ultrasonic equipment transmits for 2 to 3 times.
10. The ultrasonic method for repelling diaphorina citri according to claim 9, wherein the ultrasonic wave comprises the following steps: in the step (3), the outermost layer AnThe ultrasonic equipment performs ultrasonic emission at the frequency of 0.5 MHz and the power of 0.5 KW, the single ultrasonic emission time is 15 min, the intermission time is 1min, and the emission is performed for 3 times.
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