CN110212763B - Four-phase parallel capacitor series connection type Boost converter and current sharing method thereof - Google Patents
Four-phase parallel capacitor series connection type Boost converter and current sharing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
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- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
- H02M3/1586—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel switched with a phase shift, i.e. interleaved
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Abstract
The invention discloses a four-phase parallel capacitor series connection type Boost converter and a current sharing method thereof; the method belongs to the field of circuit electronics, relates to the application of a current sharing strategy of a multiphase interleaving parallel DC-DC converter, and particularly belongs to the technical field of a grid-connected converter of a distributed new energy power generation system. The control method is based on a circuit topology mode, combines a middle capacitor charge balance principle, and changes the magnitude of the inductive current by adjusting the charging time and the discharging time of the middle energy storage capacitor, thereby realizing the equal sharing of the inductive current of each phase. According to the current sharing method, feedback of a current sensor, a sampling circuit and the like is not required to be additionally added, additional control free quantity is not required to be added, and current sharing of the converter in a full duty ratio region can be realized only by changing the time sequence of a circuit switching device on the basis of an original circuit, so that circuit control is simplified, the stability and the application range of the circuit are expanded, and the current sharing method is a high-performance and low-cost solution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of circuit electronics, and relates to current sharing strategy application of a multiphase interleaving parallel DC-DC converter, in particular to the technical field of a grid-connected converter of a distributed new energy power generation system.
Background
The demand of the modern society on energy is continuously increased, new energy is increasingly concerned by people due to the characteristics of cleanness and renewability, and the distributed new energy power generation system is an important component of a future intelligent power distribution and utilization system and has important significance for promoting energy conservation and emission reduction and realizing sustainable development of energy. Because the output voltage of the distributed new energy power supply is low, the open-circuit voltage generally does not exceed 50V, and a high-gain DC-DC converter is needed in order to meet the requirement of distributed power supply access. However, the maximum voltage gain of a single-stage boost converter is generally limited to 5-8 times, and the requirement of high gain is difficult to meet efficiently, the adoption of parallel operation of a plurality of power modules to provide high-power output is one direction of power technology development, and each module in a system processes small power and bears small electrical stress, so that the power keeps high efficiency and quick dynamic response. Meanwhile, the output power of the parallel system of the plurality of switching power supplies has expandability, the loads with different powers can be met by changing the number of the parallel modules, a redundancy technology can be applied, and the reliability of the system is improved.
The parallel technology of the converters in the distributed new energy power generation system is always a hotspot of research, but due to the existence of non-ideal factors such as circuit structure, manufacturing process, element tolerance, environmental influence and the like, the stress of voltage and current borne by some modules is large, the damage probability is increased, the protection action of the system can be caused by early saturation in the working period, and the whole parallel system can not work normally. Therefore, power distribution among the converter modules has always been the focus of parallel technology research. The basic requirements of the power supply system on the multiphase parallel converter are as follows: (1) the current born by each module can be automatically balanced to realize current sharing; (2) in order to improve the reliability of the system, the measure of external current sharing control is not increased as much as possible; (3) when the input voltage and/or the load current changes, the output voltage should be kept stable and the system has good transient response characteristics.
In order to solve the influence of unbalanced input current on the converter, researchers at home and abroad can generally study a droop control method, a master-slave control method, an external circuit control method, an average current type automatic load current sharing method, a maximum current type automatic current sharing method, a forced current sharing method and the like on a current sharing technology in a parallel power supply system. The droop control has poor current sharing effect when the current is small, reduces the load characteristic of power output and is realized by sacrificing the technical index of the current; the master-slave control voltage ring has wide working frequency band and is easy to be interfered by noise, the communication mode between the master control unit and each slave unit is complex, and the reliability only depends on the master control unit; each unit of the external circuit control method needs to be additionally provided with a current control circuit, otherwise, the technical indexes and the working stability of the unit are reduced, and the maintenance and the upgrading are inconvenient; the average current method and the maximum current method usually limit the maximum regulation range, the single module current-limiting abnormal work can cause the system to be unstable, and simultaneously the contradiction between the system stability and the load current-sharing transient response is difficult to solve; the current sharing method is forced to depend on the monitoring module extremely, and if the monitoring module fails, the current sharing effect cannot be achieved.
It can be seen that no effective solution is provided at present for the problems of low reliability, high complexity, low efficiency, high cost and the like of current sharing processing of the multiphase parallel DC-DC converter.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical defects, the invention provides a current sharing strategy without any additional auxiliary equipment aiming at the problem that a four-phase parallel capacitor series-connection type DC-DC converter cannot be operated in a full working area in a current sharing mode, so as to solve the problems in the related technology.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: in a working area without internal shared current, the topological working mode of the converter is changed by modifying the duty ratio and the phase of a phase, adjusting the proportion of the charging time and the discharging time of the intermediate energy storage capacitor and further changing the average value of each phase current to ensure the equal sharing of the input current based on the circuit topological mode and combining the intermediate capacitor charge balance principle.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention is a four-phase parallel capacitor series connection type Boost converter and a current sharing method thereof, wherein the four-phase parallel capacitor series connection type Boost converter comprises: phase-to-inductance L1Phase-to-phase switching tube S1D-phase diode D1Phase two inductor L2Two phase switch tube S2Phase two diode D2Phase three inductor L3Phase switching tube S3Phase three diode D3Phase four inductor L4Four-phase switching tube S4Phase four diode D4An intermediate capacitor C1An intermediate capacitor C2An intermediate capacitor C3(ii) a Phase-to-inductance L1One end of the switch tube is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, and the other end is connected with the switch tube S1Source electrodes are connected with each other, and are connected with each other by a switch tube S1The drain electrode is connected with the negative end of the power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S1Drive signal of (2), while phase-an inductance L1And a phase-switching tube S1A diode D connected in series at the common junction of the source electrodes1A positive terminal of (D), a diode1Negative terminal and intermediate capacitor C1The positive ends are connected; two-phase output inductor L2One end of the switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the switch tube is connected with the second switch tube S2Source electrode connectionSwitching tube S2The source electrode is connected with the negative end of the input power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S2Drive signal of (2), phase two inductance L2And a switching tube S2Common drain contact and intermediate capacitor C1Connected to the negative terminal, C1Positive terminal and phase diode D1Negative terminal common contact phase connection two diodes D2Positive terminal of (2), phase two diode D2Negative terminal of and intermediate capacitor C2The positive ends are connected; three-phase output inductor L3One end of the power supply is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the phase three-switch tube S3Source electrode is connected with a switch tube S3The source electrode is connected with the negative end of the input power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S3Drive signal of (2), phase three inductance L3And a switching tube S3Common drain contact and intermediate capacitor C2Connected to the negative terminal, C2Positive terminal and phase two diode D2Negative terminal common contact phase connection three diodes D3Positive terminal of (2), phase three diode D3Negative terminal of and intermediate capacitor C3The positive ends are connected; phase four output inductor L4One end of the switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the switch tube is connected with the four-phase switch tube S4Source electrode is connected with a switch tube S4The source electrode is connected with the negative end of the input power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S4Drive signal of (2), phase four inductor L4And a switching tube S4Common drain contact and intermediate capacitor C3Connected to the negative terminal, C3Three diodes D with positive terminal and phase3Negative terminal common contact phase four diode D4Positive terminal of (2), phase four diode D4The negative end of the input/output circuit is connected with the positive end of the output, and the input/output is connected with the common ground;
the current sharing method of the Boost converter comprises the following steps:
when the preset duty cycle interval is (3/4, 1)]Time-phase switch tube S1Two phase switch tube S2Phase switching tube S3Four-phase switching tube S4Driving signals are staggered pi/4 in sequence, and PWM signals with duty ratios of D are provided;
when the preset duty cycle interval is (0,3/4], according to the difference of the duty cycle, adopting a current sharing control strategy:
when the preset duty cycle interval is (5/8, 3/4)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 degrees, and the duty ratio is 2D-3/4; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is D; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is pi/2, and the duty ratio is D; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4, and the duty ratio is D;
② when the preset duty cycle interval is (2/4, 5/8)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is (2D-1/4) pi, and the duty ratio is 1/2; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is D; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is (2D-3/4) pi and the duty ratio is 5/4-D; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4, and the duty ratio is D;
③ when the preset duty cycle interval is (1/4, 2/4)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 DEG, and the duty ratio is D; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is adjusted to be D/2+ 3/8; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is (3/4-D) pi, and the duty ratio is 1/4+ D; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4, and the duty ratio is 1/2;
when the preset duty cycle interval is (0, 1/4)]In the time, the four-phase capacitor series connection type interleaving parallel Boost converter works in the region four (0, 1/4)]And then, the current sharing strategy adjusts the conduction time sequence of the four-phase switch tube to be as follows: phase-switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 DEG, and the duty ratio is D; two-phase switch tube S2Driving signal at S1The switching-off instant conduction is that the phase shift angle is Dpi and the duty ratio is 1/2; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is (1/4+ D) pi, and the duty ratio is 1/2; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4 and the duty cycle is 1/4+ D.
Under this control strategy, for the intermediate capacitance C1Phase-current ilResponsible for discharging, phase two current i2Is responsible for charging, phase-current i1And phase two current i2With the same time acting on the capacitor, in the intermediate capacitor C1Under the action of charge balance, the phase-current i is realized1And phase two current i2Equally dividing; for the intermediate capacitance C2Phase-current ilAnd phase two current i2Are jointly responsible for discharging, the three-phase current i3 is responsible for charging, and the intermediate capacitor C2Selecting proper time proportion under the action of charge balance to realize phase threeCurrent i3Equal to phase-current i1And phase two current i2(ii) a For the intermediate capacitance C3Phase-current ilPhase two current2Sum phase three current i3Are jointly responsible for discharging, and are in phase with four currents i4Is charged with electricity in the intermediate capacitor C3Selecting proper time proportion under the action of charge balance to realize four-phase current i4Equal to the remaining phase currents. So far, the current sharing operation of all phases is completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the current equalizing strategy realizes the equal division of each phase current on the basis of the original circuit, can reduce the total loss of the converter, enhance the stability of the converter and enlarge the application range of the converter;
secondly, the current sharing strategy is completely based on the instantaneous duty ratio of the converter, and the phase current does not need to be estimated, namely, any external equipment such as a current sensor and the like and additional control free quantity do not need to be added additionally.
And thirdly, in an operation region acted by a current sharing strategy, the voltage gain characteristic of the converter is changed from the fourth power related to the duty ratio to a linear function related to the duty ratio, so that the stability and the application range of the circuit are expanded.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit structure diagram of a four-phase parallel series capacitance Boost converter;
FIG. 2 is a timing diagram of a conventional four-phase parallel series capacitive Boost converter;
fig. 3 shows 16 operating states of a four-phase parallel series capacitor Boost converter;
fig. 4 shows a four-phase parallel series capacitor Boost converter operating in a (3/4,1] current simulation waveform;
fig. 5 is a comparison of current simulation waveforms before and after the four-phase parallel series capacitor Boost converter operates in (5/8, 3/4) current sharing, where a is a simulation waveform diagram of the conventional interleaving control, and b is a simulation waveform diagram after the current sharing strategy is adopted;
fig. 6 is a comparison of current simulation waveforms before and after the four-phase parallel serial capacitive Boost converter operates in (2/4, 5/8) current sharing, where a is a simulation waveform diagram of the conventional interleaving control, and b is a simulation waveform diagram after the current sharing strategy is adopted;
fig. 7 is a comparison of current simulation waveforms before and after the four-phase parallel serial capacitive Boost converter operates in (3/8, 2/4) current sharing, where a is a simulation waveform diagram of the conventional interleaving control, and b is a simulation waveform diagram after the current sharing strategy is adopted;
fig. 8 is a comparison of current simulation waveforms before and after the four-phase parallel serial capacitive Boost converter operates in (1/4, 3/8) current sharing, where a is a simulation waveform diagram of the conventional interleaving control, and b is a simulation waveform diagram after the current sharing strategy is adopted;
fig. 9 is a comparison of simulated current true waveforms before and after the four-phase parallel series capacitor Boost converter operates in (0, 1/4) current sharing, where a is a simulated waveform diagram of the conventional interleaving control, and b is a simulated waveform diagram after the current sharing strategy is adopted.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail by way of specific examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the four switching tubes of the four-phase parallel-serial capacitive DC-DC converter are connected in parallel in a staggered manner, that is, the duty ratio of each switching tube is the same, and adjacent switching tubes are staggered by pi/4. According to the switching state of the switching tube, the topology has 16 working modes, and the working state can be divided into four operating areas according to the duty ratio of the switching tube of the converter: the first area is 3/4 < D < 1, or the writing is (3/4, 1), the second area is 2/4 < D < 3/4, or the writing is (2/4, 3/4), the third area is 1/4 < D < 2/4, or the writing is (1/4, 2/4), the fourth area is 0 < D < 1/4, or the writing is (0, 1/4).
For automatic current sharing between phases in operating region one (3/4, 1), the converter voltage output gain is 4/(1-D), for which no current sharing operation is performed.
For operating region two (2/4, 3/4)]The circuit has eight working states under the traditional time sequence: (1) s1S2S3S41011, as shown in fig. 3(5), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i2Discharge, C3The flowing current is 0, and the occupied time is (D-1/2) T; (2) s1S2S3S41001 as shown in fig. 3(7), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i2And i3Co-discharging for a time period of (3/4-D) T; (3) s1S2S3S41101, as shown in fig. 3(3), C1Passing current of 0, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i3Discharging for the duration of (D-1/2) T; (4) s1S2S3S41100, as shown in fig. 3(4), C1Passing current of 0, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i4Charging for a time period of (3/4-D) T; (5) s1S2S3S41110, as shown in fig. 3(2), C1Passing current of 0, C2Passing current of 0, C3Through i4Charging for the time length of (D-1/2) T; (6) s1S2S3S40110, as shown in fig. 3(10), C1Through i1Discharge, C2Passing current of 0, C3Through i4Charging for a time period of (3/4-D) T; (7) s1S2S3S40111, as shown in fig. 3(9), C1Through i1Discharge, C2Passing current of 0, C3The passing current is 0, and the occupied time is (D-1/2) T; (8) s1S2S3S40011 as shown in fig. 3(13), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i1And i2Discharge, C3The passing current is 0, and the occupied time period is (3/4-D) T. In this operating state, the gain of the second voltage in the region is (128D)3-416D2+444D-157)/64(1-D)4。
The operating region is (5/8, 3/4)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 degrees, and the duty ratio is 2D-3/4; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is D; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is pi/2, and the duty ratio is D; phase fourSwitch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4 and the duty ratio is D. Accordingly, S1S2S3S41011, the occupied time length is (D-1/2) T, S1S2S3S41001, the occupied time length is (3/4-D) T, S1S2S3S4The occupied time length of 1101 is (D-1/2) T, S1S2S3 S 41100, for a duration of (3/4-D) T, S1S2S3S41110 for a duration of (2D-5/4) T, S1S2S3S40110, the duration is (3/2-2D) T, S1S2S3S40111, the occupied time is (D-1/2) T, S1S2S3S40011, the duration is (3/4-D) T. In the intermediate capacitor C1Under the action of charge balance, the phase-current i is realized1And phase two current i2Equally dividing; in the intermediate capacitor C2Selecting proper time proportion under the action of charge balance to realize three-phase current i3Equal to phase-current i1And phase two current i2(ii) a In the intermediate capacitor C3Selecting proper time proportion under the action of charge balance to realize four-phase current i4Equal to the remaining phase currents. The voltage gain of the region after the current sharing operation is 16/(7-8D). The operating region is (2/4, 5/8)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is (2D-1/4) pi, and the duty ratio is 1/2; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is D; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is (2D-3/4) pi, and the duty ratio is 5/4-D; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4 and the duty ratio is D. Accordingly, S1S2S3S41011, the occupied time length is (3/4-D) T, S1S2S3S41001, the occupied time length is (3/4-D) T, S1S2S3S4The occupied time length of 1101 is (D-1/2) T, S1S2S3S41100, for a duration of (D-1/2) T, S1S2S3S40110, the duration is (3/2-2D) T, S1S2S3S40111, the occupied time is (D-1/2) T, S1S2S3S40011, the occupied time period is (D-1/2) T. Under the action of charge balance of three intermediate capacitors, the phase-current i is realized1Phase two current i2Three phase current i3And phase four current i4And (6) carrying out equipartition. The voltage gain in this region after current sharing operation is 8.
For zone three (1/4, 2/4)]The circuit has eight working states under the traditional time sequence: (1) s1S2S3S41001 as shown in fig. 3(7), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i2And i3Co-discharging for a time period of (D-1/4) T; (2) s1S2S3S41000 as shown in fig. 3(8), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i4Charging for a time period of (1/2-D) T; (3) s1S2S3S41100, as shown in fig. 3(4), C1Passing current of 0, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i4Charging for the time length of (D-1/4) T; (4) s1S2S3S40100 as shown in fig. 3(12), C1Through i1Discharge, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i4Charging for a time period of (1/2-D) T; (5) s1S2S3S40110, as shown in fig. 3(10), C1Through i1Discharge, C2Passing current of 0, C3Through i4Charging for the time length of (D-1/4) T; (6) s1S2S3S40010 as shown in fig. 3(14), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i1And i2Discharge, C3Through i4Charging for a time period of (1/2-D) T; (7) s1S2S3S40011 as shown in fig. 3(9), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i1And i2Discharge, C3The passing current is 0, and the occupied time is (D-1/4) T; (8) s1S2S3S40001, as shown in fig. 3(13), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i1、i2And i3Discharging for (1/2-D) T. The voltage gain of the region three without adopting the current sharing operation is (-128D)3+384D2-396D+141)/64(1-D)4。
Zone three (1/4, 2/4)]The current sharing operation is as follows: phase-switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 DEG, and the duty ratio is D; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is adjusted to be D/2+ 3/8; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is pi (3/4-D), and the duty ratio is 1/4+ D; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4 and the duty cycle is 1/2. Accordingly, the operation region is (3/8, 2/4)]When S is present1S2S3S41001, the occupied time length is 1/4T, S1S2S3S41100, for a duration of (1/2-D) T, S1S2S3S4The duration of 1110 is (2D-3/4) T, S1S2S3S40110, the duration is (3/4-D) T, S1S2S3S40111, the occupied time is (D/2-1/8) T, S1S2S3S40011, the duration is (3/8-D/2) T. Under the action of charge balance of three intermediate capacitors, the phase-current i is realized1Phase two current i2Three phase current i3And phase four current i4And (6) carrying out equipartition. The operating region is (1/4, 3/8)]When S is present1S2S3S41001, the occupied time length is 1/4T, S1S2S3S41100, for a duration of (D-1/4) T, S1S2S3S4The duration of 0100 is (3/4-2D) T, S1S2S3S40110, the occupied time is DT, S1S2S3S40111, the occupied time is (D/2-1/8) T, S1S2S3S40011, the duration is (3/8-D/2) T. Under the action of charge balance of three intermediate capacitors, the phase-current i is realized1Phase two current i2Three phase current i3And phase four current i4And (6) carrying out equipartition. The voltage gain of the region after the current sharing operation is 4/(1-D).
For region four (0, 1/4)]The circuit has eight working states under the traditional time sequence: (1) s1S2S3S41000 as shown in fig. 3(8), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i4Charging, wherein the occupied time is DT; (2) s1S2S3S40000, as shown in fig. 3(16), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i4Charging for a time period of (1/4-D) T; (3) s1S2S3S40100 as shown in fig. 3(12), C1Through i1Discharge, C2Through i3Charging, C3Through i4Charging for the time length of (D-1/4) T; (4) s1S2S3S40000, morphic 2; (5) s1S2S3S40010 as shown in fig. 3(14), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i1And i2Discharge, C3Through i4Charging for the time length of (D-1/4) T; (6) s1S2S3S40000, morphic 2; (7) s1S2S3S40001, as shown in fig. 3(15), C1Through i2Charging, C2Through i3Charging, C3Discharging through i1, i2 and i3, wherein the occupied time length is DT; (8) s1S2S3S40000, morphic 2. The voltage gain of the region four without adopting the current sharing operation is 4/(1-D)4。
The operating region is (0, 1/4)]In the time, the four-phase capacitor series connection type interleaving parallel Boost converter works in the region four (0, 1/4)]Time-sharing current sharing strategy adjustment four-phase switchThe tube conduction sequence is as follows: phase-switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 DEG, and the duty ratio is D; two-phase switch tube S2Driving signal at S1The switching-off instant conduction is that the phase shift angle is pi/D and the duty ratio is 1/2; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is pi/(1/4 + D), and the duty ratio is 1/2; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4 and the duty cycle is 1/4+ D. Accordingly, the circuit mode is S1S2S3S41001, the occupied time length is DT, S1S2S3S40100, the occupied time is 1/4T, S1S2S3S4Duration of 0110 is 1/4T, S1S2S3S40010, the duration is (1/4-D) T, S1S2S3S40011, the occupied time is DT, S1S2S3S4And the occupied time length is (1/4-D) T (0001). Under the action of charge balance of three intermediate capacitors, the phase-current i is realized1Phase two current i2Three phase current i3And phase four current i4And (6) carrying out equipartition. The voltage gain of the region after the current sharing operation is 4/(1-D).
Simulation analysis results:
the simulation parameters of the simulation waveforms of the switching cycles of the embodiments in fig. 4 to 9 are as follows: input voltage Vin10-50V, load resistance RL240 Ω, intermediate capacitance C1＝C2＝C310uF, inductance L1＝L2＝L3＝L4500uH, output capacitance Co300uF, the converter output voltage is 220V and the output power is 200W.
FIG. 4 shows four-phase parallel series capacitive Boost converter operating at (3/4, 1)]The current simulates the waveform, the parameter D adopted by the simulation is 0.82, and the input voltage VinThe output voltage is 220V at 10V, and the operation area can automatically achieve current sharing under the traditional staggered control without current sharing control.
FIG. 5 shows four-phase parallel series capacitive Boost converters operating at (5/8, 3/4)]Comparing current simulation waveforms before and after current sharing, wherein the true parameter D is 0.7, and the input voltage V isin20, under the traditional interleaving control, four-phase current cannot be equalized, the output voltage is 225V, under the control of the current equalizing strategy provided by the invention, the effect of four-phase automatic current equalizing can be achieved, and the output voltage is 220V.
FIG. 6 shows four-phase parallel series capacitive Boost converters operating at (5/8, 3/4)]Comparing current simulation waveforms before and after current sharing, wherein the true parameter D is 0.6, and the input voltage V isin27.5V, under the traditional staggered control, the four-phase current can not be equalized, the output voltage is 212V, under the control of the current equalizing strategy, the effect of four-phase automatic current equalizing can be achieved, and the output voltage is 220V.
FIG. 7 shows four-phase parallel series capacitive Boost converters operating at (3/8, 1/2)]Comparing current simulation waveforms before and after current sharing, wherein the true parameter D is 0.456, and the input voltage V isinThe four-phase current cannot be equalized under the traditional interleaving control, the output voltage is 151V, the four-phase automatic current equalization effect can be achieved under the control of the current equalization strategy, and the output voltage is 219V.
FIG. 8 shows four-phase parallel series capacitive Boost converter operating at (1/4, 3/8)]Comparing current simulation waveforms before and after current sharing, wherein the true parameter D is 0.273, and the input voltage VinUnder the control of the current sharing strategy provided herein, the effect of four-phase automatic current sharing can be achieved, and the output voltage is 218V.
FIG. 9 shows four-phase parallel series capacitive Boost converter operating at (0, 1/4)]Comparing the true waveforms before and after current sharing, wherein the true parameter D is 0.1, and the input voltage VinUnder the control of the current sharing strategy provided by the invention, the effect of four-phase automatic current sharing can be achieved, and the output voltage is 216V.
In conclusion, the current sharing strategy provided by the invention can realize the current sharing of each phase in the full duty ratio range, and can well solve the problem that the four-phase parallel serial capacitance type Boost converter cannot automatically share the current in the full operation area without adding an additional device, namely on the premise of not increasing the cost. Under the current sharing method, the voltage gain characteristic is changed from the fourth power related to the duty ratio to a linear function related to the duty ratio, so that the stability and the application range of the circuit are expanded.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (1)
1. A four-phase parallel capacitor series Boost converter and a current equalizing method thereof are provided, the four-phase parallel capacitor series Boost converter includes: phase-to-inductance L1Phase-to-phase switching tube S1D-phase diode D1Phase two inductor L2Two phase switch tube S2Phase two diode D2Phase three inductor L3Phase switching tube S3Phase three diode D3Phase four inductor L4Four-phase switching tube S4Phase four diode D4An intermediate capacitor C1An intermediate capacitor C2An intermediate capacitor C3(ii) a Phase-to-inductance L1One end of the switch tube is connected with the positive pole of the power supply, and the other end is connected with the switch tube S1Drain electrodes connected to each other, and a switching tube S1The source electrode is connected with the negative end of the power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S1Drive signal of (2), while phase-an inductance L1And a phase-switching tube S1A diode D connected in series at the common junction of the drain electrodes1A positive terminal of (D), a diode1Negative terminal and intermediate capacitor C1The positive ends are connected; two-phase output inductor L2One end of the switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the switch tube is connected with the second switch tube S2Drain electrode connected to a switching tube S2The source electrode is connected with the negative end of the input power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S2Drive signal of (2), phase two inductance L2And a switching tube S2Common drain contact and intermediate capacitor C1Connected to the negative terminal, C1Positive terminal and phase diode D1Negative terminal common contact phase connection two diodes D2Positive terminal of (2), phase two diode D2Negative terminal of and intermediate capacitor C2The positive ends are connected; three-phase output inductor L3One end of the power supply is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the power supply is connected with the phase three-switch tube S3Drain electrodeAre connected with a switching tube S3The source electrode is connected with the negative end of the input power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S3Drive signal of (2), phase three inductance L3And a switching tube S3Common drain contact and intermediate capacitor C2Connected to the negative terminal, C2Positive terminal and phase two diode D2Negative terminal common contact phase connection three diodes D3Positive terminal of (2), phase three diode D3Negative terminal of and intermediate capacitor C3The positive ends are connected; phase four output inductor L4One end of the switch tube is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply, and the other end of the switch tube is connected with the four-phase switch tube S4Drain electrode connected to a switching tube S4The source electrode is connected with the negative end of the input power supply, and the grid electrode is externally connected with S4Drive signal of (2), phase four inductor L4And a switching tube S4Common drain contact and intermediate capacitor C3Connected to the negative terminal, C3Three diodes D with positive terminal and phase3Negative terminal common contact phase four diode D4Positive terminal of (2), phase four diode D4The negative end of the input/output circuit is connected with the positive end of the output, and the input/output is connected with the common ground;
the current sharing method of the Boost converter comprises the following steps:
when the preset duty cycle interval is (3/4, 1)]Time-phase switch tube S1Two phase switch tube S2Phase switching tube S3Four-phase switching tube S4Driving signals are staggered pi/4 in sequence, and PWM signals with duty ratios of D are provided;
when the preset duty cycle interval is (0,3/4], according to the difference of the duty cycle, adopting a current sharing control strategy:
when the preset duty cycle interval is (5/8, 3/4)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 degrees, and the duty ratio is 2D-3/4; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is D; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is pi/2, and the duty ratio is D; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4, and the duty ratio is D;
② when the preset duty cycle interval is (2/4, 5/8)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is (2D-1/4) pi, and the duty ratio is 1/2; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is D; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is (2D-3/4) pi and the duty ratio is 5/4-D; phase four switch tube S4Phase shift angle3 pi/4, and the duty ratio is D;
③ when the preset duty cycle interval is (1/4, 2/4)]Time-phase switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 DEG, and the duty ratio is D; two-phase switch tube S2The phase shift angle is pi/4, and the duty ratio is adjusted to be D/2+ 3/8; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is (3/4-D) pi, and the duty ratio is 1/4+ D; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4, and the duty ratio is 1/2;
when the preset duty cycle interval is (0, 1/4)]In the time, the four-phase capacitor series connection type interleaving parallel Boost converter works in the region four (0, 1/4)]And then, the current sharing strategy adjusts the conduction time sequence of the four-phase switch tube to be as follows: phase-switch tube S1The phase shift angle is 0 DEG, and the duty ratio is D; two-phase switch tube S2Driving signal at S1The switching-off instant conduction is that the phase shift angle is Dpi and the duty ratio is 1/2; phase switching tube S3The phase shift angle is (1/4+ D) pi, and the duty ratio is 1/2; phase four switch tube S4The phase shift angle is 3 pi/4 and the duty cycle is 1/4+ D.
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