CN110208503A - A kind of instrument measuring cementing concrete ring microannulus - Google Patents
A kind of instrument measuring cementing concrete ring microannulus Download PDFInfo
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- CN110208503A CN110208503A CN201910467533.3A CN201910467533A CN110208503A CN 110208503 A CN110208503 A CN 110208503A CN 201910467533 A CN201910467533 A CN 201910467533A CN 110208503 A CN110208503 A CN 110208503A
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 162
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010339 dilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011549 displacement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009969 flowable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002343 natural gas well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007157 ring contraction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006049 ring expansion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007613 slurry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/38—Concrete; Lime; Mortar; Gypsum; Bricks; Ceramics; Glass
- G01N33/383—Concrete or cement
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
A kind of instrument measuring cementing concrete ring microannulus, is related to oil gas field cementing technology field, including curing autoclave, temperature and pressure regulating system, cement mold and microannulus measuring device；Temperature and pressure regulating system is used to adjust the temperature and pressure in the curing autoclave；The cement mold is located in curing autoclave, and cement mold includes two casings, and the annular space of bottom end closure is equipped between two casings；Microannulus measuring device includes probe and probe displacement measuring device, the probe includes the body of rod and the pedestal for being connected to body of rod one end, pedestal is located at the tube wall in the annular space and close to one of described sleeve pipe and is arranged, the body of rod other end is pierced by along the radial activity from the aperture being arranged in the described sleeve pipe of pedestal of the annular space, and probe displacement measuring device is used to measure during grout cures the body of rod in the displacement radially of annular space.The measuring instrument of the application can be simulated in solidification process in cement slurry and survey its radial contraction amount, corresponding with underground actual condition.
Description
Technical field
This application involves oil gas field cementing technology fields, and in particular to a kind of instrument for measuring cementing concrete ring microannulus.
Background technique
Solve the problems, such as that well cementing cement paste for oil-gas field anti-channeling is the key that improve cementing quality, protection oil-gas Layer.
During well cementation time is solidifying, cement slurry aquation is divided to gelling phase and two stages of hardening.
Gelling phase, cement slurry is constantly weightless, and effective head of liquid after cement slurry weight loss is less than formation fluid pressure
When, formation fluid is just scurried into well in cement slurry.The main means for solving the anti-channelling of this stage are to improve the slurry column for pressing steady coefficient
Structure, using the strong mortar architecture of anti-channeling ability, use cement channelling instrument Simulation evaluation.
Hardening phase, the volume of general cement can all be shunk, and make the of the first interface, cement and the stratum of casing and cement
There is micro-loop empty gap in second interface, destroys sealing integrity, causes crossflow or even well head annular space with pressure, gives production band
Carry out serious security risk.The effective means for preventing cement sheath micro-loop empty gap is that suitable species, suitable are added in cement slurry
The expansive agent for cement slurry of amount.
The hydration reaction of cement is extremely complex physical and chemical reaction, some cement slurry axial expansions, but radial
It shrinks；Some cement slurry outer diameters expand, and internal diameter, which also expands, to become larger, i.e. microannulus occurs for the first interface；Outside some cement slurries
Diameter expansion becomes larger, and internal diameter expansion becomes smaller, and double interfaces are all without microannulus.Casing and cementing pursue be in underground temperature and pressure,
First interface and second contact surface have the cement-slurry method of microdilatancy all without microannulus.
The dilatometer of evaluation cement slurry swelliong power is mainly " low temperature opening around-France ", " volume expansion method ", " axial at present
Displacement method " three classes.They from different dimensions evaluation cement swelliong power, but all exist with underground actual condition correspondence it is poor,
The shortcomings that " the micro-loop empty gap " that most seals essential characteristic can not be evaluated at high temperature under high pressure.
Summary of the invention
One embodiment of the application provides a kind of instrument for measuring cementing concrete ring microannulus, including curing autoclave, temperature and pressure are adjusted
System, cement mold and microannulus measuring device；The temperature and pressure regulating system is used to adjust the temperature and pressure in the curing autoclave
Power；The cement mold is located in the curing autoclave, and the cement mold includes two casings, is equipped with bottom end between two casings
Closed annular space, the annular space in it for carrying out the solidification process of cement slurry；The microannulus measuring device
Including probe and probe displacement measuring device, the probe includes the body of rod and the pedestal for being connected to body of rod one end, the pedestal position
It is arranged in the tube wall in the annular space and close to one of described sleeve pipe, the body of rod other end is along the annular space
The radial activity from the aperture being arranged in the described sleeve pipe of pedestal be pierced by；The probe displacement measuring device is for measuring
Displacement radially of the body of rod in the annular space during grout cures.
The utility model has the advantages that
The instrument of the measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus of the embodiment of the present application, the cement sheath after being cement slurry sets of measurement
Radial displacement, i.e. the radial contraction amount of cement sheath, radial contraction amount namely cement sheath and inner sleeve or " micro- between outer tube
Annular clearance " (i.e. microannulus) value.Compared with existing cement and expanded merit rating method, cement measured by the embodiment of the present application
Ring radial displacement, i.e., evaluable " the micro-loop empty gap " for most sealing essential characteristic is corresponding with underground actual condition, to well cementation
The evaluation of cement slurry dilation ability is more accurate.
In addition, the instrument of the measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus of the embodiment of the present application can continuously measure the radial position of cement sheath
It moves, would know that the change procedure of cement sheath inner and outer diameter.
The instrument of the measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus of the embodiment of the present application, by adjusting temperature and pressure in curing autoclave
Power, solidification process of the analog cement slurry under working condition under real well, measured cement sheath radial displacement can more be evaluated
Expansion character of the cement slurry under working condition under real well.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide to further understand technical scheme, and constitutes part of specification, with this
The embodiment of application is used to explain the technical solution of the application together, does not constitute the limitation to technical scheme.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the instrument of the measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus of one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 2 is that displacement measuring device is mounted on the structural schematic diagram on curing autoclave in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram being installed on cement mold of popping one's head in one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 4 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of the second probe and the second elastic limit device in Fig. 3；
Fig. 5 is the cross section structure schematic diagram of the cement mold of one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 6 is the cross section structure schematic diagram that the outer tube of the cement mold of Fig. 5 deforms in cement sheath expansion process；
Appended drawing reference are as follows: 1, cement mold, 11, annular space, 12, outer tube, 13, inner sleeve, 14, pedestal, 15, isolation
Set, 16, lifting portion, 17, annular protrusion, 201, hollow body, 202, core assembly, 203, zeroing spring, 204, inductive component,
205, return to zero nut, the 21, second probe displacement measuring device, the 22, second probe, the body of rod of the 221, second probe, and 222, second
The pedestal of probe, the 23, first probe displacement measuring device, the 24, first probe, the body of rod of the 241, first probe, 242, first visits
The pedestal of head, 25, with reference to displacement measuring device, the 31, second bushing, the 32, second clamping cap, the 33, second elastic component, 41, first
Attachment base, the 42, second attachment base, 43, spring, 44, nut, 45, connecting rod, 5, curing autoclave, 51, kettle wall, 6, temperature measurement dress
It sets, 71, inlet pipe, 72, drain line, 81, air inlet pipeline, 82, constant pressure valve, 83, force (forcing) pump, 84, gas source, 9, heating dress
It sets, 10, monitoring device.
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate the technical solution of the application below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.It is understood that
It is that specific embodiment described herein is used only for explaining the application, rather than the restriction to the application.
As shown in Figure 1, one embodiment of the application provides a kind of instrument for measuring cementing concrete ring microannulus, including curing autoclave
5, temperature and pressure regulating system, cement mold 1 and microannulus measuring device.
The temperature and pressure regulating system is used to adjust temperature and pressure in the curing autoclave 5, enables the measuring instrument device
Meet the requirement that the measurement of cementing concrete ring microannulus is carried out under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.
The cement mold 1 is located in the curing autoclave 5, and the cement mold 1 includes two casings, respectively inner sleeve
13 and outer tube 12, the annular space 11 of bottom end closure is equipped between inner sleeve 13 and outer tube 12, the annular space 11 is used
The solidification process of cement slurry is carried out in Yu Qi.The ring width of annular space 11 can be identical as well cementation annular clearance, such as can be with
Take 20mm.
Cement slurry is after aquation loses flowability to final set, it may occur however that Lattice Contraction (then cement sheath contraction) or lattice
It expands (then cement sheath expansion).In case of Lattice Contraction, then the cement sheath for solidifying formation can be detached from inner sleeve 13 or/and housing
The tube wall of pipe 12, to form the first interface microannulus or/and second contact surface microannulus.In case of lattice dilatation, then solidify
The inner ring surface or/and outer ring surface of the cement sheath of formation can be cemented together with the tube wall of inner sleeve 13 or/and outer tube 12, and two
Interface will not generate microannulus.In case of lattice dilatation, then swell increment (the i.e. water of measurement cement sheath outer ring surface is generally required
The swell increment of mud ring outer diameter).Therefore, to enable the device of the measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus of the present embodiment to measure the first boundary
While face microannulus or/and second contact surface microannulus, additionally it is possible to the swell increment of cement sheath outer ring surface is measured, it is optionally, described
The outer tube 12 of cement mold is set as that deformation can be expanded, so that its caliber becomes larger under the effect of cement sheath expansive force.But
Be, it is to be understood that measurement the first interface microannulus or/and second contact surface microannulus, whether outer tube 12 can be occurred on
It states dilatancy not require, i.e. outer tube 12 can be set to same inner sleeve 13 equally and cannot deform or outer tube
12 may be set to be above-mentioned dilatancy can occur.
In following embodiment, with outer tube 12 it is set as that deformation can be expanded so that its caliber expands masterpiece in cement sheath
Illustrate for becoming larger under.
The microannulus measuring device includes probe and probe displacement measuring device, and the probe includes the body of rod and is connected to
The pedestal of body of rod one end, the pedestal are located in the annular space 11 and are arranged close to the tube wall of one of described sleeve pipe,
The body of rod other end is worn along the radial activity from the aperture being arranged in the described sleeve pipe of pedestal of the annular space 11
Out.Wherein, the pedestal during grout cures are at cement sheath for being consolidated in inside cement sheath, and the pedestal is in cement
The body of rod moving radially along the annular space 11 is able to drive during ring contraction or expansion.The probe displacement measurement
Device is used to measure the body of rod during grout cures in the displacement radially of the annular space 11, which is
The microannulus value or microdilatancy value of cementing concrete ring.
In the present embodiment, the temperature and pressure in curing autoclave 5 is adjusted by temperature and pressure regulating system, analog cement slurry is in reality
Solidification process under the conditions of the underground working of border, measured cement sheath radial displacement can more evaluate cement slurry in practical underground working
Under the conditions of expansion character.
The temperature and pressure regulating system may include liquid-supplying system, air supply system and heating device 9, and liquid-supplying system includes and supports
The inlet pipe 71 and drain line 72 that are connected to inside shield kettle 5, be respectively used to convey and be discharged into curing autoclave 5 liquid (such as
Water).Heating device 9 for the liquid in heating curing kettle 5 makes that required temperature, heating device can be reached in curing autoclave 5
9 can be set to 5 outside or inside of curing autoclave.Air supply system is used to convey gas (such as nitrogen) into curing autoclave 5, supports for making
Required pressure can be reached inside shield kettle 5.The temperature height in curing autoclave 5 can be adjusted by heating device 9, can pass through confession
Gas system adjusts the pressure size in curing autoclave 5.
The air supply system may include gas source (can be source nitrogen) 84, air inlet pipeline 81 and force (forcing) pump 83, it is described into
81 one end of air pipe is connected to the gas source 84, is connected to inside the other end and the curing autoclave 5, and the force (forcing) pump 83 is set to described
On air inlet pipeline 81.The force (forcing) pump 83 is for will be delivered to institute through the air inlet pipeline 81 after the gas pressurized from gas source 84
It states in curing autoclave 5.Constant pressure valve 82, pressure gauge etc. can also be set on the air inlet pipeline 81, and constant pressure valve 82 can guarantee to enter and support
The gas pressure for protecting kettle 5 is constant.The force (forcing) pump 83 can be air driven pump, push air driven pump that will come from high pressure using compressed air
Nitrogen supercharging in nitrogen cylinder is to preset pressure value.In the present embodiment, using gas pressurized mode to being carried out inside curing autoclave 5
Pressurization, then in entire test process, even if there is slight leakage, decline of pressure also very little, in test process hardly again
Start force (forcing) pump 83 to system ftercompction, avoids unnecessary vibration in this way, and then ensure that each displacement measuring device is accurate
Measurement.In addition, force (forcing) pump 83 uses air driven pump, the vibration for being also possible to prevent pressure-loaded process is excessive to displacement measurement
It influences.
The instrument of the measurement cement microannulus of the present embodiment can also include temperature measuring device 6 and monitoring device 10, institute
Temperature measuring device 6 is stated for measuring the temperature in curing autoclave 5, and institute's measured data can be sent to the monitoring device 10.
The temperature measuring device 6 can use thermocouple.The monitoring device 10 monitors the temperature in curing autoclave 5, and can control
The heating temperature of heating device 9.The monitoring device 10 can also monitor the measurement result of each displacement measuring device.
During measuring cement microannulus, curing autoclave 5 is air-tight state, and cement mold 1 is in the high temperature in curing autoclave 5
In liquid, ullage is the pressure in gas guarantee curing autoclave 5, and the cement slurry in cement mold 1 is made to be in work under real well
In the high temperature and high pressure environment of condition.To meet such test environment, illustratively, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the probe displacement is surveyed
Measuring device includes hollow body 201, core assembly 202 and inductive component 204；The hollow body 201 is open at one end, the other end
Closing, the open end of the hollow body 201 be fixed on the curing autoclave 5 and be connected to inside curing autoclave 5；The iron core group
The sliding of part 202 is set to inside the hollow body 201, and opening for the hollow body 201 is stretched out in one end of the core assembly 202
Mouthful end, and be set as abutting with the body of rod other end of the probe or Hard link, so as to pushing away in the body of rod of the probe
It is moved under dynamic or pulling function；The inductive component 204 is set to outside the hollow body 201, for detecting the iron core group
The displacement of part 202.Wherein, it is tightly connected between the open end of the hollow body 201 and the kettle wall 51 of the curing autoclave 5,
Prevent liquid leakage in kettle.In measurement process, the inside of the hollow body 201 of the probe displacement measuring device and curing autoclave
5 inside is connected to, and is same high-temperature high-pressure state inside 201 inside of hollow body and curing autoclave 5, core assembly 202 is whole
Locating temperature, pressure state consistency will not impact the movement of core assembly 202, can avoid influencing measurement result, by
This, the probe displacement measuring device of the present embodiment can continuously measure the radial position of the body of rod of the probe at high temperature under high pressure
It moves.
The probe displacement measuring device can be installed on the side wall of curing autoclave 5, to support cement mold 1 in entrance
After protecting kettle 5, the measurement end of the body of rod of preassembled probe and the probe displacement measuring device is (i.e. described in cement mold 1
One end of core assembly 202) position correspondence, for the cement mold 1 equipped with the first limiting section, the curing autoclave 5 is equipped with the second limit
Position portion, first limiting section are matched with second limiting section for making the cement mold 1 when being sent into curing autoclave 5
Predetermined position can be reached.Illustratively, the inner wall of the curing autoclave 5 is equipped with track, and the cement mold 1 is equipped with and is used for
The sliding slot being slidably matched with the track, cement mold 1 can slide into kettle along the track on kettle wall, so that the bar of probe
The measurement end in contact in body end portion and probe displacement measuring device.
The core assembly 202 may include measuring staff and the iron core for being connected to measuring staff one end, and the measuring staff other end is from described
The open end of empty ontology 201 is stretched out, and be set as abutting with the body of rod other end of the probe (for example can be and inhaled using magnet
Gravitation is in close contact) or Hard link.The body of rod other end Hard link of the measuring staff other end and the probe, then in cement and expanded or receipts
In compression process, probe can be mobile by measuring staff band dynamic iron core, and then inductive component 204 measures the displacement of probe.The measuring staff
The body of rod other end of the other end and the probe uses hardwired connection type, for example is threadedly coupled, is connected using connector
Deng, in this way, the radial displacement of the body of rod of the probe can totally tansitive to core assembly 202, measure it is more accurate, displacement
Minor change is also capable of measuring.
The inductive component 204 can be electromagnetic induction component 204, changes of magnetic field when can be moved according to iron core,
Electric signal is exported, i.e., the displacement of iron core is converted into electric signal output.The inductive component 204 may include magazine and set
In primary coil and secondary coil on magazine, principle of induction is identical with the principle of differential transformer.
The probe displacement measuring device can also include zeroing spring 203 and zeroing nut 205, the inductive component
204 magazine is sheathed on the hollow body 201, and described 203 one end of zeroing spring is limited in the hollow body 201
At the bulge loop being arranged on lateral wall, the other end is contradicted in one end of the inductive component 204, and 205 screw thread of zeroing nut connects
It is connected on the hollow body 201 and the other end of the inductive component 204 is limited.By rotating the zeroing nut
205 are adjusted the position of the inductive component 204, realize zeroing purpose.
The microannulus measuring device is used to measure radial contraction displacement or the expansion displacement of cement sheath after cement slurry sets.
The microannulus measuring device can be set to two sets, and respectively the first microannulus measuring device and the measurement of the second microannulus fill
It sets, the first microannulus measuring device can be used for measuring after cement slurry sets between cement sheath and inner sleeve 13 (i.e. the first interface)
Microannulus, the second microannulus measuring device can be used for measuring after cement slurry sets (i.e. the second boundary between cement sheath and outer tube 12
Face) microannulus.The measuring principle of two sets of microannulus measuring devices can be identical, and two sets of microannulus measuring devices independently measure.
Can also only it be arranged as needed between a set of microannulus measuring device measurement cement sheath and inner sleeve 13 or cement sheath and housing
Microannulus between pipe 12.
As shown in figure 3, in one exemplary embodiment, two sets of microannulus measuring devices are arranged, the first microannulus is surveyed
Measuring device includes the first probe 24 and the first probe displacement measuring device 23, and the first probe 24 includes the body of rod 241 and is connected to bar
The pedestal 242 of 241 one end of body, the pedestal 242 of the first probe are located in the annular space 11 and close to the tube wall of inner sleeve 13
241 other end of the body of rod of setting, the first probe is lived from the aperture being arranged on inner sleeve 13 along the radial of the annular space 11
It is dynamic to be pierced by, and extend to the outside of outer tube 12.Wherein, 241 other end of the body of rod of the first probe sequentially passes through inner sleeve first
The first aperture of aperture, the second aperture of inner sleeve and outer tube.Alternatively, 241 other end of the body of rod of the first probe is empty along the annular
Between the 11 radial activity from the first aperture of inner sleeve being arranged on inner sleeve 13 be pierced by, and be located in inner sleeve 13.Wherein,
The pedestal 242 of one probe during grout cures are at cement sheath for being consolidated in inside cement sheath, the pedestal of the first probe
242 are able to drive the moving radially along the annular space 11 of the body of rod 241 of the first probe in cement sheath contraction process.It is described
First probe displacement measuring device 23 is used to measure the body of rod 241 of the first probe in the position radially of the annular space 11
It moves.First probe displacement measuring device 23 can measure the radial displacement of the other end of the body of rod 241 of the first probe, such as will
The measuring head of first probe displacement measuring device 23 connect or abuts with the other end of the body of rod 241 of the first probe, and first visits
The body of rod 241 of head moves radially, and can drive or push the measuring head of the first probe displacement measuring device 23 mobile, in turn
The radial displacement of the body of rod 241 of the first probe can be measured.First probe displacement measuring device 23 can use differential transformer
Etc. can linear displacement displacement measuring device.
241 other end of the body of rod of first probe extends to the outside of outer tube 12, for avoid the body of rod 241 of the first probe with
Cement slurry in annular space 11 is consolidated, and the cement mold 1 further includes separation sleeve 15, the both ends of the separation sleeve 15
Be respectively arranged in 15 mounting hole of separation sleeve being arranged on inner sleeve 13 and outer tube 12, first probe the body of rod 241 from it is described every
It is passed through from activity in set 15.Wherein, one end of separation sleeve 15 is set in first aperture of outer tube, and the other end can be set to institute
It states in the first aperture of inner sleeve or in the second aperture of inner sleeve.During the installation process, separation sleeve 15 first can be inserted into inner sleeve
13 and outer tube 12 in 15 mounting hole of separation sleeve that is arranged, then the body of rod 241 of the first probe is inserted into from separation sleeve 15
Then the pedestal 242 of first probe is threadedly connected to one end of the body of rod 241 by position.When the other end of separation sleeve 15 is set to inner sleeve
When in the second aperture of pipe, the first bushing can be set in first aperture of inner sleeve, which can protrude from interior
The first aperture of casing setting plays the role of certain support guide to the body of rod 241 of the first probe.
Second microannulus measuring device includes the second probe 22 and the second probe displacement measuring device 21, and the second probe includes
The body of rod 221 and the pedestal 222 for being connected to body of rod one end, the pedestal 222 of the second probe are located in the annular space 11 and close
The tube wall of outer tube 12 is arranged, and 221 other end of the body of rod of the second probe is along the radial from outer tube 12 of the annular space 11
Activity is pierced by the second aperture of outer tube of setting.Wherein, the pedestal 222 of the second probe is used in grout cures into cement sheath
It is consolidated in inside cement sheath in the process, the pedestal 222 of the second probe is able to drive second during cement sheath contraction or expansion
The moving radially along the annular space 11 of the body of rod 221 of probe.Since outer tube 12 can expand deformation, then in cement sheath
Cement sheath can push the outer tube 12 and drive the body of rod 221 of the second probe together along annular space in outer diameter expansion process
11 move radially.And when cement sheath outer diameter is shunk, cement sheath then drives the second probe 22 synchronous together along annular space 11
It is radial to opposite reverse movement, between cement sheath outer diameter and outer tube 12 be that second contact surface microannulus occurs.Described second visits
Head displacement measuring device 21 is used to measure displacement radially of the body of rod 221 in the annular space 11 of the second probe.Second
Probe displacement measuring device 21 can measure the radial displacement of the other end of the body of rod 221 of the second probe, for example second is visited
The measuring head of head displacement measuring device 21 connect or abuts with the other end of the body of rod 221 of the second probe, the bar of the second probe
Body 221 moves radially, and can drive or push the measuring head of the second probe displacement measuring device 21 mobile, and then can measure
The radial displacement of the body of rod 221 of second probe.Second probe displacement measuring device 21 can be surveyed using differential transformer etc.
The displacement measuring device of linear displacement.
Two probes of two sets of microannulus measuring devices i.e. the first probe 24 and the second probe 22, the two is in cement mold
On mounting height can be identical or different.
As shown in Figure 1, to reduce measurement error caused by system factor, the microannulus measuring device can also include using
The reference displacement measuring device 25 of displacement is referred in measurement, is generated with reference to displacement measuring device 25 for measuring system factor
Measured value refers to displacement.With reference to the self structure and product specification of displacement measuring device 25 and its setting on curing autoclave 5
It is identical as the first probe displacement measuring device 23 and the second probe displacement measuring device 21 to set mode, difference is, with reference to displacement
What measuring device 25 measured is the displacement that system factor generates, for eliminating variation of ambient temperature in experimentation, electromagnetism ring
Measurement system error caused by border changes, measuring head protrude into curing autoclave 5, do not abut with probe or Hard link.Measurement
In the process, in curing autoclave 5 cement slurry temperature and pressure be raised to contrived experiment value and it is two hours constant after by three displacement measurements
Device returns to zero, and eliminates the error elongated because of the measuring staff of displacement measuring device caused by high temperature and pressure in autoclave body.Then, first
Probe displacement measuring device 23 and the respective measured value of the second probe displacement measuring device 21 are subtracted with reference to displacement measuring device 25
Measured value, be only the true result of variations of cement sheath internal-and external diameter.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, two sets of microannulus measuring devices can also include elastic limit device, the elasticity limit
Position device includes elastic component, the tube wall that the elastic component is used to that the pedestal of probe to be made to be contradicted under the effect of its elastic force in respective sleeve
On.Elastic limit device is arranged to contradict the pedestal of probe in respective sleeve or on other component, in this way, in each cement
Starch solidification simulation measurement process in, the pedestal of probe position in the radial direction be it is fixed, can reduce because its position is not fixed
The measurement error of generation.Illustratively, the first microannulus measuring device further includes the first elastic limit device, the first elastic spacing
The tube wall that device is used to that the pedestal 242 of the first probe to be made to be contradicted under the effect of its elastic force in inner sleeve 13；Second microannulus is surveyed
Amount device further includes the second elastic limit device, and the second elastic limit device is for making the pedestal 222 of the second probe in its elastic force
Effect is lower to be contradicted on the tube wall of outer tube 12.Both first elastic limit device and the second elastic limit device structure can phases
Together.
As shown in figure 4, the second elastic limit device includes the second bushing 31 and the second elastic component 33, second elastic component
33 can be spring, and second bushing 31 is set in the second aperture of outer tube being arranged on outer tube 12, second bushing
31 parts (i.e. the part that the second bushing 31 protrudes from 12 outside of outer tube) for protruding from the second aperture of outer tube are arranged with described
Spring, the spring are in compressive state, and one end of which is fixed on outer tube 12 or the second bushing 31, the other end is fixed on second
On the body of rod 221 of probe.In the present embodiment, the second elastic limit device tenses the body of rod of the second probe using the elastic force of its spring
221, the pedestal 222 of the second probe is abutted against on the tube wall of outer tube 12 or on the second bushing 31.
For convenience of the installation of the second elastic limit device, second elastic limit device further includes the second clamping cap 32,
Second clamping cap 32 can be threadedly connected to the other end of the body of rod 221 of the second probe, and one end of the spring can contradict outside
On the lateral wall of casing 12, the other end is contradicted in the second clamping cap 32.The end face of second clamping cap 32 is outer with outer tube 12
Gap between side wall need to be not less than the maximum radial shrinkage of cement.In installation process, first the second bushing 31 can be mounted on
In the second aperture of outer tube, 31 inner wall of the second bushing applies stop-leak compound, and the body of rod 221 of the second probe is pierced by from the second bushing 31
12 outside of outer tube, then covers upper spring on the second bushing 31, the second clamping cap 32 is then threaded in the second probe
The body of rod 221 the other end, install the second clamping cap of Manual press 32, should flexibly, compress and pop up and is unrestricted.
As shown in figure 3, the first elastic limit device may be mounted at the first tapping of outer tube, set-up mode is similar to
Second elastic limit device, in the embodiment of the first elastic limit device, the separation sleeve 15 can be similar to the second elasticity
Second bushing 31 of limiting device.Illustratively, one end of the separation sleeve 15 protrudes from the outside of the outer tube 12, described
The part that separation sleeve 15 protrudes from 12 outside of outer tube is arranged with spring, and the spring one end is fixed on the bar of the first probe
On body 241, the other end is fixed on the separation sleeve 15 or the outer tube 12, and the spring is in compressive state and makes first
The pedestal 242 of probe contradicts on the tube wall of the inner sleeve 13.Similarly, the installation of the first elastic limit device for convenience,
First elastic limit device further includes the first clamping cap, and the first clamping cap can be threadedly connected to the body of rod 241 of the first probe
One end of the other end, the spring can contradict in the first clamping cap, and the other end contradicts on the lateral wall of outer tube 12.First
Other settings of elastic limit device and mounting means are repeated no more with the second elastic limit device.
In the present embodiment, cement slurry is solidified in the annular space 11 of cement mold 1, simulates underground cementing slurry
Solidification process.It is cement after cement slurry sets, is solidified in annular space 11, also as cement sheath.With hardening of cement
The progress in stage, cement slurry sets at cement sheath volume can expand or shrink, thus generate certain radial contraction or
Swell increment.The radial contraction or swell increment of cement sheath are affected to the anti-channeling performance evaluation of cement slurry.
Probe is arranged in the present embodiment in the annular space 11 of cement mold 1 in advance, as the solidification of cement slurry will pop one's head in
Pedestal be fixed in inside cement sheath, probe is driven by convergent force of cement sheath during contraction or expansion or expansive force
The body of rod moves in the radial direction cement sheath, and diameter of the body of rod in cement sheath of probe is measured using probe displacement measuring device
Displacement on direction, and then cement sheath shrinkage in the radial direction or swell increment, radial contraction amount namely cement sheath can be measured
Microannulus size between casing, it is corresponding with underground actual condition, subject to the evaluation more of cementing slurry swelliong power
Really.In addition, the device of the measurement cement microannulus of the embodiment of the present application can continuous measuring probe the body of rod radial displacement, from
And it would know that the change procedure of cement sheath radial contraction or swell increment.In the present embodiment, the pedestal of probe is set close to casing wall
It sets, then the microannulus value between the more close true cement of radial contraction amount and casing of measured cement sheath.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 5 and Figure 6, in the present embodiment, the cement mold further includes pedestal 14, inner sleeve 13 and housing
The setting of pipe 12 forms the annular space 11 on pedestal 14, and the outer tube 12 is set as that deformation can be expanded, so that its
Caliber becomes larger under the effect of cement sheath expansive force；Cement sheath can push the outer tube 12 and band in cement sheath expansion process
Move the body of rod popped one's head in moving radially along the annular space 11 together.It is illustratively, described outer about the structure of outer tube 12
Casing 12 may include the arc-shaped plate of two or more numbers, and the arc-shaped plate of two or more numbers surrounds institute
Outer tube 12 is stated, sealed set and use connection component connection between two adjacent arc-shaped plates；Masterpiece is expanded in cement sheath
Under, can generate relative displacement between two adjacent arc-shaped plates makes the caliber of the outer tube 12 become larger.
Illustratively, the number of the arc-shaped plate can be set to two, each arc-shaped plate semicircular in shape structure, and two
The connection component is arranged in the joint of a arc-shaped plate.One or more institutes can be set between two adjacent arc-shaped plates
State connection component.
In the present embodiment, inner sleeve 13 and outer tube 12 can be all made of metal material and be made, such as stainless steel material.It is described
Two adjacent arc-shaped plates are closely joined together by connection component when cement slurry does not solidify also and generates expansive force, subsequent
Cement slurry sets enable to generation relative displacement between two adjacent arc-shaped plates to make outer tube 12 when generating expansive force
Caliber becomes larger, i.e., outer tube 12 expands deformation.
Illustratively, the connection component includes the first attachment base 41, the second attachment base 42, connecting rod 45 and spring 43,
First attachment base 41 and the second attachment base 42 are separately positioned on the arc-shaped plate of adjacent two, described 45 one end of connecting rod
It is fixed on the first attachment base 41, other end activity passes through the rod aperture being arranged on the second attachment base 42, and the spring 43 is set in
The docking section of the arc-shaped plate of adjacent two is set to be close together in the connecting rod 45 and using its own elastic force.
First attachment base 41, the second attachment base 42 can be oppositely arranged, the first attachment base 41 and the second attachment base 42
The docking section that can be set to two arc-shaped plates adjacent when the two is closely packed together is close together, described in adjacent two
It is in sealing state between arc-shaped plate.The docking section (namely joint) of the arc-shaped plate of adjacent two, which can be overlapped, to be set
It sets, can smear the modes such as stop-leak compound using sealing elements such as setting sealing strips between the two and be sealed, to prevent water mud from existing
Leakage before solidification.
For convenient for connection component installation and removal, the other end of the connecting rod 45 is threaded with nut 44, institute
Spring 43 is stated in compressive state, one end is connected on the nut 44, and the other end is connected on the second attachment base 42.Wherein,
Described 45 one end of connecting rod can be threadedly connected to first attachment base 41, and another nut fastening can be used in end.
In the present embodiment, after the annular space 11 of cement slurry (being initially flowable) injection cement mold, cement slurry
Start to solidify.As shown in figure 5, passing through the spring 43 itself of the connection component when cement slurry does not solidify also and generates expansive force
Elastic force so that the docking section of the arc-shaped plate of adjacent two is close together, each two adjacent arc-shaped plates it
Between close proximity.As shown in fig. 6, after aquation loses flowability to final set lattice occurs for cement slurry with the solidification of cement slurry
Expansion, then solidify generation expansive force overcome the connection component spring 43 elastic force, between two adjacent arc-shaped plates
Generate relative displacement, outer tube 12 expands deformation, and caliber becomes larger, but not spillage (cement slurry has solidified).If hair
Raw Lattice Contraction, the then cement sheath for solidifying formation can be detached from the inner wall of outer tube 12, generate micro-loop empty gap.
14 top surface of pedestal is equipped with annular protrusion 17, and the bottom end of the outer tube 12 is placed in 14 top surface of pedestal
On, the inner wall of the outer tube 12 is close to the lateral wall setting of the annular protrusion 17；The bottom end of the inner sleeve 13 is fixed in
On 14 top surface of pedestal, the outer wall of the inner sleeve 13 is close to the inner sidewall setting of the annular protrusion 17.In cement mold
In installation process, it can be applied at the inner sidewall and lateral wall of the bottom and annular protrusion of inner sleeve 13 and outer tube 12 17
Stop-leak compound is smeared, guarantees that the bottom of annular space 11 will not leak cement slurry.Wherein, the annular protrusion 17 can play positioning and make
With convenient for positioning to the installation site of outer tube 12 and inner sleeve 13 on pedestal 14, outer tube 12 and inner sleeve 13 can
Coaxial arrangement easy to accomplish.In addition, annular protrusion 17 may also function as position-limiting action, can be limited when grout cures are shunk
Outer tube 12 moves inward, and limits inner sleeve 13 and move outward, in this way, two interfaces that will not be generated to cement shrinkage
The size of microannulus impact, when measuring the microannulus at two interfaces of cement, measurement result is also more accurate.In addition, ring
Shape protrusion 17 can limit the movement of outer tube 12 and inner sleeve 13 when cement solidification is shunk, and occur in cement solidification swollen
It when swollen, is then moved outward without limitation on outer tube 12, outer tube 12 then can be expanded deformation by cement sheath expansive force (i.e.
Caliber becomes larger), it will not influence the measurement of cement sheath swell increment.
14 top surface of pedestal is equipped with lifting portion 16, and the lifting portion 16 is located in the inner sleeve 13, for connecting
Hanging apparatus is to sling mold when disposing mold.The lifting portion 16 can be a fixing seat, pacify in the fixing seat
Dismountable Shackle assembly is filled to connect with hanging apparatus.
The cement mold 1 of the present embodiment can inject cement in annular space 11 in grout cures simulation test
Slurry is placed in curing autoclave 5, by adjusting the temperature and pressure state in curing autoclave 5, the cured height of analog mine water mud
Warm hyperbaric environment, measurement result is also more close to actual conditions.
The outer tube 12 of the cement mold of the present embodiment is that split type structure can be square after grout cures simulation test
Just it takes out the cement sheath of solidification and reuses cement mold.
The measuring instrument of the application can realize that cementing slurry solidification simulation and cement sheath internal-and external diameter continuously measure.It is operated
Simply, repeatability is high, good with underground working matching, the expansion of the anti-microannulus channelling suitable for the well cementation of petroleum and natural gas well
The developmental research of slurry design and cement expansive material.
In the description of the embodiment of the present application unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " connection ", " fixed company
Connect ", " installation ", " assembly " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally
Connection；Term " installation ", " connection ", " being fixedly connected " can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, or
It is the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, it can understand that above-mentioned term exists with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in the embodiment of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of instrument for measuring cementing concrete ring microannulus, it is characterised in that: including curing autoclave, temperature and pressure regulating system, cement
Mold and microannulus measuring device；
The temperature and pressure regulating system is used to adjust the temperature and pressure in the curing autoclave；
The cement mold is located in the curing autoclave, and the cement mold includes two casings, is equipped with bottom between two casings
Closed annular space is held, the annular space in it for carrying out the solidification process of cement slurry；
The microannulus measuring device includes probe and probe displacement measuring device, and the probe includes the body of rod and is connected to the body of rod
The pedestal of one end, the pedestal are located at the tube wall in the annular space and close to one of described sleeve pipe and are arranged, the bar
The body other end is pierced by along the radial activity from the aperture being arranged in the described sleeve pipe of pedestal of the annular space；
The probe displacement measuring device is used to measure during grout cures the body of rod in the radial direction of the annular space
On displacement.
2. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the probe displacement measurement
Device includes hollow body, core assembly and inductive component；
The hollow body is open at one end, and other end closing, the open end of the hollow body is fixed on the curing autoclave simultaneously
It is connected to curing autoclave inside；
The core assembly sliding is set to inside the hollow body, and the hollow body is stretched out in one end of the core assembly
Open end, and be set as abutting with the body of rod other end of the probe or Hard link；
The inductive component is set to outside the hollow body, for detecting the displacement of the core assembly.
3. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include for measuring ginseng
The reference displacement measuring device of displacement is examined, reference both the displacement measuring device and the probe displacement measuring device are phase
Same product specification.
4. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the temperature and pressure regulating system
Including liquid-supplying system, air supply system and heating device；
The liquid-supplying system is used for for conveying liquid, the heating device into the curing autoclave to the liquid in the curing autoclave
Body heating；
The air supply system includes gas source, air inlet pipeline and force (forcing) pump, and described air inlet pipeline one end is connected to the gas source, another
It is connected to inside end and the curing autoclave, the force (forcing) pump is set on the air inlet pipeline.
5. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the microannulus measurement dress
Setting further includes elastic limit device, and the elastic limit device includes elastic component, and the elastic component is used to make the seat of the probe
Body contradicts on the tube wall of described sleeve pipe under the effect of its elastic force.
6. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that: the elastic limit device
It further include bushing, the elastic component is spring, and the bushing is set in the aperture being arranged in described sleeve pipe, and the bushing is convex
Part for the aperture is arranged with the spring, and the spring is in compressive state, one end of which is fixed on described sleeve pipe or
On the bushing, the other end is fixed on the body of rod of the probe.
7. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: including two sets of micro-loops
Gap measuring device, respectively the first microannulus measuring device and the second microannulus measuring device；
Described two casings are respectively inner sleeve and outer tube；
The pedestal of the probe of the first microannulus measuring device is arranged close to the tube wall of the inner sleeve, second microannulus
The pedestal of the probe of measuring device is arranged close to the tube wall of the outer tube.
8. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: first microannulus is surveyed
The body of rod other end of the probe of device is measured along the radial after activity is pierced by the aperture being arranged on inner sleeve of the annular space,
Extend to the outside of outer tube；
The cement mold further includes separation sleeve, the both ends of the separation sleeve be respectively arranged on be arranged on inner sleeve and outer tube every
From in set mounting hole, the activity from the separation sleeve of the body of rod of the probe of the first microannulus measuring device is passed through.
9. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Described two casings are respectively inner sleeve and outer tube, and the outer tube is set as that deformation can be expanded, so that it is managed
Diameter becomes larger under the effect of cement sheath expansive force；
Cement sheath can push the outer tube and drive the body of rod empty along the annular together in cement sheath expansion process
Between move radially.
10. the instrument of measurement cementing concrete ring microannulus as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that:
The outer tube includes the arc-shaped plate of two or more numbers, and the arc-shaped plate of two or more numbers encloses
At the outer tube, sealed set and use connection component connection between two adjacent arc-shaped plates；In cement sheath expansive force
Under effect, can generate relative displacement between two adjacent arc-shaped plates makes the caliber of the outer tube become larger.
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