CN110207940A - A kind of High-speed transient schlieren system applying to large tunnel - Google Patents
A kind of High-speed transient schlieren system applying to large tunnel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110207940A CN110207940A CN201910555669.XA CN201910555669A CN110207940A CN 110207940 A CN110207940 A CN 110207940A CN 201910555669 A CN201910555669 A CN 201910555669A CN 110207940 A CN110207940 A CN 110207940A
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- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000004313 glare Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 206010052128 Glare Diseases 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 201000009310 astigmatism Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000033748 Device issues Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0605—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror using two curved mirrors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
- G02B17/02—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
- G02B17/06—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror
- G02B17/0668—Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system using mirrors only, i.e. having only one curved mirror having non-imaging properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/50—Optics for phase object visualisation
- G02B27/54—Schlieren-optical systems
Abstract
A kind of High-speed transient schlieren system applying to large tunnel, including the acquisition of laser source system, homogenising system, schlieren system, data and synchronous control system.Isochronous controller issues signal control laser source system and issues high-frequency pulsed lasers, and high-frequency pulsed lasers form after homogenising system and homogenize high-frequency pulsed lasers with certain dispersion angle, then homogenize high-frequency pulsed lasers and enter schlieren system.It homogenizes high-frequency pulsed lasers and is emitted after the first reflecting mirror is transferred to the first concave mirror and homogenize parallel high-frequency pulsed lasers, behind large tunnel flow field, assembled by the second concave mirror, then reflected through the second reflecting mirror, focus on schlieren system knife-edge part.Finally, isochronous controller control camera receives transient state schlieren image, and it is stored in computer.The present invention realizes that high-frequency pulsed lasers uniformly dissipate with special angle and eliminate veiling glare, improves capacity usage ratio, be applied to transient state stration technique on large tunnel by increasing homogenising system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of High-speed transient schlieren systems.
Background technique
Traditional schlieren method is that have Teopler.A to lead in 1864 based on schlieren uneven flow field is shown and surveyed
The optical means measured and proposed.This method be using light be measured flow field in refractive index gradient be proportional to flow field air-flow it is close
The change transitions of density gradient in flow field are the variation of relative light intensity on imaging plane by the principle of degree.The light source of traditional schlieren
Generally continuous light source, equal effect when can generate lead to flow field wave system folded structures.Therefore traditional schlieren can be observed, be differentiated
The shock wave in compressible flow field, compressional wave isodensity change violent region out, and other information of flow are not easy to be identified
Come.
With supersonic speed, the appearance of hypersonic flight, the flow field around aircraft becomes increasingly complex, and causes to wind-tunnel stream
The requirement of dynamic display technology is higher and higher.Complex space flow field, such as shock-shock interaction, shock wave and boundary layer interaction and turn twist
Problem, fine structure measurement and Spatio-temporal Evolution measurement have become the problem of Flow Visualization Technologies.Therefore, with schlieren system original
Based on reason, many high-precisions of development, the measuring technology of high-spatial and temporal resolution.It is for changing in terms of light source first
Into foreign countries take the lead in solving the problems, such as temporal resolution using spark light source, but this method is adopted in a wind tunnel test
It is few to collect image, it is low in economic efficiency, it is abandoned now.It is then to improve its frame frequency and resolution ratio for acquisition equipment aspect.
With chip field fast development, traditional film camera is substituted by CCD and CMOS camera.In addition, the frame frequency of camera
It is continuously improved with pixel scale.
Transient state stration technique is to use the CMOS phase of high Pixel Dimensions and high frame frequency as light source using high-frequency pulsed lasers
Machine meets Tayler frozen flow it is assumed that realizing complex flow structure (such as shock-shock interaction, shock wave-as acquisition equipment
Boundary layer interference and turn phenomena such as twisting) synchronization high frequency show and measures.However existing transient state stration technique is only with test
In the test of the section lesser wind-tunnel of size, this is because the concave reflection for the schlieren system that the lesser wind-tunnel of test section size is equipped with
Aperture of mirror is accordingly smaller, and focal length is shorter.At this point, Laser beam propagation distance is shorter, as long as light beam can be full of the first concave mirror,
Light intensity is able to carry out the debugging and use of transient state schlieren system with regard to meet demand.And the test section of large tunnel is larger, Xiang Peibei
The bore and focal length of the concave mirror of schlieren system are larger.If not controlling beam divergence angle, it is allowed to be full of concave surface just anti-
Mirror is penetrated, will lead to beam energy heavy losses, can not debug or use transient state schlieren system.
Summary of the invention
Technology of the invention solves the problems, such as: overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides one kind to apply to large size
The High-speed transient schlieren system of wind-tunnel realizes that high-frequency pulsed lasers are uniformly dissipated simultaneously with special angle by increasing homogenising system
Veiling glare is eliminated, capacity usage ratio is improved, is applied to transient state stration technique on large tunnel.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows: a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system applying to large tunnel, including laser
Light-source system, homogenising system, schlieren system, data acquisition and synchronous control system;Schlieren system includes the first reflecting mirror, first
Concave mirror, the second concave mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the edge of a knife;Data acquisition with synchronous control system include CMOS camera, computer,
Isochronous controller;
High-frequency pulsed lasers are after laser source system collimation and anaberration, into homogenising system, by homogenising system
Afterwards, the high-frequency pulsed lasers for homogenizing transmitting are formed, and eliminate veiling glare;Diverging homogenizes laser light incident schlieren system, through the first reflection
Mirror and the first concave mirror are simultaneously converted into high-frequency impulse directional light, and light beam continues to be transferred through test chamber, by second
Concave mirror is assembled, and is reflected by the second reflecting mirror, and knife-edge part is focused on;Transient state of the CMOS camera acquisition after the edge of a knife is cut is close
Degree change of gradient image is simultaneously sent to computer stored;Isochronous controller control laser source system and CMOS camera triggering and
Stop.
Laser source system includes high-frequency pulsed lasers device, laser collimator, double separation object lens, the mobile optics member of light beam
Part light beam moves optical element, biconcave lens, closed slide;High-frequency pulsed lasers device, laser collimator, double separation object lens,
The mobile optical element of light beam is placed sequentially on closed slide;Biconcave lens is mounted on closed slide end;
High-frequency pulsed lasers device issues the optical center that high-frequency impulse visible light is directed at double separation object lens through laser collimator, by
Double separation object lens progress astigmatisms are poor, realize expanding for light beam by biconcave lens later;By adjusting the mobile optics member of light beam
The relative position of part, double separation object lens, biconcave lens, guarantees final light beam by the first reflecting mirror full of the first concave mirror.
Homogenising system includes that the optics of different dispersion angles homogenizes element and diaphragm;The light beam issued by laser source system
It first passes around optics and homogenizes element, form the high-frequency pulsed lasers for homogenizing diverging;Homogenize the high-frequency pulsed lasers of diverging using
Diaphragm is transferred in schlieren system.
Optics homogenizes element and swashs high-frequency impulse point light source laser homogenizing at the pulse that homogenizes of angle of divergence angle needed for testing
Light, the energetic transmittance that optics homogenizes element is 90%.
Optics is homogenized the stray light of element generation to diaphragm and other veiling glares filter off.
Isochronous controller includes control processing circuit and programmable delay circuit;When control processing circuit receive it is external defeated
When the blasting signal entered, output two-way has the square wave timing signal of same frequency to programmable delay circuit, programmable to prolong
When circuit delay matching treatment is carried out to two-way square wave timing signal after be sent to laser source system all the way, another way is sent to
Data collection system;Square wave timing signal triggers based on the received for laser source system, data collection system;Be delayed matching treatment
So that the pulse laser that laser source system generates was fallen in data collection system in the time for exposure of CMOS camera.
Increase Galileo system before CMOS camera.
The frequency acquisition of CMOS camera is higher than the corresponding frequency of coherent structure movement speed in wind tunnel test segment model flow field.
The working frequency of high-frequency pulsed lasers device is higher than the corresponding frequency of coherent structure movement speed in test chamber flow field
Rate, pulse bandwidth meet Taylor flow field and freeze to assume to require.
High-frequency pulsed lasers device selects the YAG pulse laser that energy is 35 μ J or pulse is 350mJ, and wavelength is
527nm, frequency 10kHz.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that compared with prior art
The present invention is in order to allow transient state stration technique to be applied on large tunnel, and the present invention is in original transient state stration technique
On be added to homogenising system, core element is to homogenize mirror and diaphragm, and the effect for homogenizing mirror is by high-frequency impulse point light source laser
Diverging is the high-frequency impulse divergencing laser of the uniform intensity of specific dispersion angle, and the effect of diaphragm is to eliminate to homogenize element and generate
Veiling glare.In this way, high-frequency impulse point light source laser can be full of concave mirror after through homogenising system just, energy is substantially reduced
Loss improves capacity usage ratio, so that transient state stration technique is succeeded on large tunnel and use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is present system schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is laser source system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is homogenising system schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is data of the present invention acquisition and synchronous control system schematic diagram;
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawing and example elaborates to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1 to 4, a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel of the present invention, including laser light
Source system, homogenising system, schlieren system, data acquisition and synchronous control system.
High-frequency pulsed lasers, into homogenising system, after optics homogenising system, form tool by collimating with after anaberration
There are the homogenized high-frequency pulsed lasers of certain angle of divergence, and eliminates veiling glare.Diverging homogenizes laser light incident schlieren system, anti-through first
It penetrates mirror and the first concave mirror and is converted into high-frequency impulse directional light, light beam continues the optics glass for being transferred through test chamber
Glass and flow field are assembled by the second concave mirror and the second reflecting mirror, focus on knife-edge part.
Laser source system is by high-frequency pulsed lasers device 1, laser collimator 2, double separation object lens 3, the mobile optics of light beam
Element 4, biconcave lens 5, closed slide 6 are constituted;High-frequency pulsed lasers device 1, laser collimator 2, double separation object lens 3, light beam
Mobile optical element 4 is both placed on closed slide 6.Biconcave lens 5 is mounted on 6 end of closed slide.Wherein high-frequency impulse swashs
It is the YAG pulse laser of 35 μ J or pulse 350mJ, wavelength 527nm, frequency 10kHz that light device 1, which selects energy,.
High-frequency pulsed lasers device 1 issues the light that high-frequency impulse visible light is directed at double separation object lens 3 through laser collimator 2
The heart, it is poor by double separation object lens 3 progress astigmatism, expanding for light beam is realized by biconcave lens 5 later.It is mobile by adjusting light beam
The relative position of optical element 4, double separation object lens 3, biconcave lens 5, to guarantee final light beam by the first reflecting mirror full of the
The purpose of one concave mirror.
Homogenising system includes that the optics of different dispersion angles homogenizes element 7 and diaphragm 8.The light issued by laser source system
Beam first passes around optics and homogenizes element 7, forms the high-frequency pulsed lasers for homogenizing diverging.;Homogenize the high-frequency pulsed lasers of diverging again
By diaphragm 8, it is transferred in schlieren system.
Schlieren system includes that the first reflecting mirror, the first concave mirror, the second concave mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the edge of a knife are constituted,
Light path arrangement is the Z-shaped optical path of typical schlieren system, i.e. light beam is issued by laser source system, and passes through homogenising system
Afterwards, high-frequency impulse directional light is formed after the first reflecting mirror and the first concave mirror;Pulse directional light passes through wind tunnel test
Duan Hou is assembled by the second concave mirror, and is reflected by the second reflecting mirror, so that light beam is converged to knife-edge part, is finally received by camera.
Data acquisition and synchronous control system include CMOS camera, computer, isochronous controller;The acquisition of CMOS camera is passed through
Transient state density gradient modified-image after edge of a knife cutting, is sent to computer stored.Isochronous controller controls laser source system
With the triggering and stopping of CMOS camera;Isochronous controller includes control processing circuit and programmable delay circuit;When control is handled
When circuit receives externally input blasting signal, there is output two-way the square wave timing signal of same frequency to prolong to programmable
When circuit, programmable delay circuit is sent to laser light source system after carrying out delay matching treatment to two-way square wave timing signal all the way
System, another way are sent to CMOS camera;Square wave timing signal triggers based on the received for laser source system, CMOS camera;It is above-mentioned
The pulse laser that delay matching treatment generates laser source system was fallen in the time for exposure of CMOS camera.
Camera selects the CMOS camera of MC1310 model, and spatial resolution is 1280 × 1024 pixels, image pick-up card choosing
With X64Xcelera model, image pick-up card is furnished with image acquiring sensor and electronic shutter.The CMOS chip spectrum of the camera
There are about 26% quantum efficiencies at 527nm for quantum efficiency.Full Camera is used between CMOS camera and image pick-up card
Link interface connects and transmits data, sample frequency up to 1004Hz, rapid image acquisition speed up to 680Mbyte/s,
With host communication speed up to 528Mbyte/s, the coherent structure that the frequency acquisition of CMOS camera is higher than test segment model flow field is moved
The dynamic corresponding frequency of speed.Isochronous controller selects the control processing circuit that 89C51 single-chip microcontroller is core, with CPLD chip
EPM7064SLC44-10 be core programmable delay circuit form, while use RS232 interface, by realize single-chip microcontroller and in terms of
The asynchronous communication of calculation machine and laser.
The working frequency of high-frequency pulsed lasers device 1 is higher than the corresponding frequency of coherent structure movement speed in test section flow field,
Pulse bandwidth meets Taylor flow field and freezes to assume to require.
Optics homogenizes element 7 and swashs high-frequency impulse point light source laser homogenizing at the pulse that homogenizes of angle of divergence angle needed for testing
Light, the energetic transmittance that optics homogenizes element 7 is 90%;Optics can be homogenized the stray light that element 7 generates by diaphragm 8 and other are miscellaneous
Light filters off.
System further includes the adjustment moving assembly that optical element itself is equipped with, by adjusting the position of each optical element,
So that its optical center is in sustained height, the first concave mirror emergent light directional light and is received just by the second concave mirror.
Increase Galileo system before CMOS camera, to prevent the ionization of real focus.The frequency acquisition of CMOS camera is higher than examination
Test the corresponding frequency of coherent structure movement speed in segment model flow field.
Debugging process: first by laser light-emitting window center, homogenising system optical path (optical axis for homogenizing mirror and diaphragm), schlieren
System light path (the first reflecting mirror, the first concave mirror, the second concave mirror, the second reflecting mirror optical axis and the edge of a knife), camera optical axis tune
Whole is sustained height.The focal point for homogenizing element and being placed on the first concave mirror in homogenising system guarantees rising for beam divergence
O'clock the first concave mirror focus, light beam through the first concave mirror go out light be directional light.It debugs in transient state stration technique
Schlieren system is similar to traditional schlieren adjustment method, is adjusted according to direction of beam propagation: guaranteeing point light source in schlieren
The focal point of the first concave mirror of system;The light beam that light source issues is reflected into the first concave mirror through the first reflecting mirror, guarantees that light fills
Full first concave mirror;The directional light of first concave mirror outgoing incident second concave mirror behind flow field, guarantees that light beam is full of just
Second concave mirror;Second concave mirror outgoing beam is reflected through the second reflecting mirror to be assembled, and guarantees knife-edge positions just in the focal point.
Finally, adjustment camera, can accept schlieren image.
After Flow Field in Wind Tunnel is established, isochronous controller issues signal control laser source system and starts with data collection system
Work.In laser source system, laser issue high-frequency pulsed lasers, high-frequency pulsed lasers through collimation and anaberration after, into
Enter homogenising system, after optics homogenising system, is formed and homogenize high-frequency pulsed lasers with certain angle of divergence, and eliminated miscellaneous
Light.Diverging homogenizes laser light incident schlieren system, and through the first reflecting mirror and the first concave mirror and to be converted into high-frequency impulse parallel
Light, light beam continue the optical glass for being transferred through test chamber and flow field, are assembled by the second concave mirror and the second reflecting mirror, gather
Coke arrives knife-edge part, and data collection system acquires the transient state density gradient modified-image after the edge of a knife is cut.
Unspecified part of the present invention belongs to common sense well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel, it is characterised in that: including laser source system, homogenize and be
System, schlieren system, data acquisition and synchronous control system;Schlieren system includes the first reflecting mirror, the first concave mirror, the second concave surface
Mirror, the second reflecting mirror and the edge of a knife;Data acquisition and synchronous control system include CMOS camera, computer, isochronous controller;
High-frequency pulsed lasers are after laser source system collimation and anaberration, into homogenising system, after homogenising system, shape
At homogenizing the high-frequency pulsed lasers of transmitting, and eliminate veiling glare;Diverging homogenizes laser light incident schlieren system, through the first reflecting mirror and the
One concave mirror is simultaneously converted into high-frequency impulse directional light, and light beam continues to be transferred through test chamber, by the second concave mirror
It assembles, and is reflected by the second reflecting mirror, focus on knife-edge part;CMOS camera acquires the transient state density gradient after the edge of a knife is cut
Modified-image is simultaneously sent to computer stored;The triggering and stopping of isochronous controller control laser source system and CMOS camera.
2. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: laser
Light-source system includes high-frequency pulsed lasers device (1), laser collimator (2), double separation object lens (3), the mobile optical element of light beam
Light beam moves optical element (4), biconcave lens (5), closed slide (6);High-frequency pulsed lasers device (1), laser collimator
(2), double separation object lens (3), light beam mobile optical element (4) are placed sequentially on closed slide (6);Biconcave lens (5) installation
In closed slide (6) end;
High-frequency pulsed lasers device (1) issues the light that high-frequency impulse visible light is directed at double separation object lens (3) through laser collimator (2)
The heart, it is poor by double separation object lens (3) progress astigmatism, expanding for light beam is realized by biconcave lens (5) later;By adjusting light beam
Mobile optical element (4), double relative positions for separating object lens (3), biconcave lens (5) guarantee final light beam by the first reflection
Mirror is full of the first concave mirror.
3. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that:
Homogenising system includes that the optics of different dispersion angles homogenizes element (7) and diaphragm (8);The light beam issued by laser source system is first
It first passes through optics to homogenize element (7), forms the high-frequency pulsed lasers for homogenizing diverging;Homogenize the high-frequency pulsed lasers of diverging using
Diaphragm (8), is transferred in schlieren system.
4. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: optics
It homogenizes element (7) and high-frequency impulse point light source laser homogenizing is homogenized into pulse laser at angle of divergence angle needed for testing, optics is even
The energetic transmittance for changing element (7) is 90%.
5. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: diaphragm
(8) optics is homogenized into the stray light of element (7) generation and other veiling glares filters off.
6. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: synchronous
Controller includes control processing circuit and programmable delay circuit;When control processing circuit receives externally input blasting
When signal, output two-way has the square wave timing signal of same frequency to programmable delay circuit, and programmable delay circuit is to two-way
Square wave timing signal is sent to laser source system after carrying out delay matching treatment all the way, and another way is sent to data acquisition system
System;Square wave timing signal triggers based on the received for laser source system, data collection system;Delay matching treatment makes laser light
The pulse laser that source system generates was fallen in data collection system in the time for exposure of CMOS camera.
7. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: CMOS
Increase Galileo system before camera.
8. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: CMOS
The frequency acquisition of camera is higher than the corresponding frequency of coherent structure movement speed in wind tunnel test segment model flow field.
9. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: high frequency
The working frequency of pulse laser (1) is higher than the corresponding frequency of coherent structure movement speed in test chamber flow field, pulse band
Width, which meets Taylor flow field, to be freezed to assume to require.
10. a kind of High-speed transient schlieren system for applying to large tunnel according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: high
Frequency pulse laser device (1) selects the YAG pulse laser that energy is 35 μ J or pulse is 350mJ, wavelength 527nm, frequency
For 10kHz.
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CN112484954A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-12 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | Method, system and storage medium for judging flow field state information |
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