CN103308715A - Low power consumption particle picture velocity measurement system based on bicolor laser scanning technique - Google Patents
Low power consumption particle picture velocity measurement system based on bicolor laser scanning technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a low power consumption particle picture velocity measurement system based on a bicolor laser scanning technique. The low power consumption particle picture velocity measurement system comprises a laser assembly, a photographing assembly and a galvanometer or rotating prism. The laser assembly comprises two or more laser devices transmitting low power consumption continuous lasers, and the laser devices are driven by a battery. The galvanometer or rotating prism scans two or more laser beams into a measurement flow filed in sequence, and twice or more lighting of tracer particles in fluid is achieved. The photographing assembly comprises a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) camera, and particle scattered light passing through the measurement flow filed images on the CCD camera respectively to form a Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) image group. According to the low power consumption particle picture velocity measurement system, one particle in the scanning filed is lighted twice in one-time scanning, the interval of two photographing time can be manually controlled, and therefore the high speed flow field photographing obstacle is removed on the premise of ensuring particle scattering intensity. Power consumption requirements of the system assemblies are greatly reduced, the system assemblies can be driven by the battery, and therefore the low power consumption particle picture velocity measurement system can be used for measurement of underground flow fields at the outdoor site.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to particle image speed-measuring system, be specifically related to a kind of low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology.
Background technology
PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry particle image velocimetry) be a significant achievement in modern flow-field test field, it combines the new technologies and methods such as laser technology, Digital Signal Processing, chip technology, computer technology, image processing techniques, provides strong means for studying complicated Transient Flow.
The basic functional principle of PIV is: the suitable trace particle of spreading in the flow field, and when adopting a laser instrument to illuminate certain section, the particle that current carry utilizes synchronous high-speed to shoot with video-corder the section image of lower this moment scattered light; Carrying out the second time behind utmost point short time (millisecond or Microsecond grade) interval takes a picture.Double or repeatedly moment exposure record out image before and after the particle moment motion, by the correlation analysis of backstage digital imaging processing software to the image of double exposure, can obtain the displacement of population on two dimensional surface in a certain small size subimage, this displacement namely gets the instantaneous two-dimension speed of fluid on the illuminated with laser light face and distributes divided by the exposure time interval △ t that oneself knows.
The commercial PIV system that exists in the market mostly uses high-power pulsed laser, and it is bulky, power consumption is high, can not be with battery-operated.Therefore traditional PIV system is only limited to the laboratory and uses, can't be generalized to open-air on the spot, during measurement especially under water uses.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is the restriction of the necessary utilizing high power pulse type laser of traditional particle image speed-measuring system, and the low energy consumption continuous laser is under the situation of guaranteeing necessary fine particle illumination intensity, the double exposure time interval can't be reduced, thereby the problem in high flow rate flow field can't be measured.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention provides a kind of low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, comprise laser module and camera module: laser module comprises the laser instrument of two or more emission low-power consumption continuous lasers, described laser instrument is by battery-operated, also comprise a galvanometer or rotate prism, described galvanometer or rotation prism successively scan two or more laser beam and measure the flow field, realize twice or twice above illuminating of trace particle in the convection cell; Camera module comprises the CCD camera, by measuring the respectively imaging on described CCD camera of particle scattering light in the flow field, forms the PIV image sets.
In above-mentioned low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, described camera module also comprises a spectroscope, described CCD camera is two or more monochromatic CCD digital cameras, by measuring particle scattering light process described spectroscope, the respectively imaging on described monochromatic CCD camera in the flow field.
In above-mentioned low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, the laser beam of described laser instrument emission is the laser beam of different colours, and described spectroscope is the color spectroscope.
In above-mentioned low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, the laser beam of described laser instrument emission is the laser beam of different polarization direction, and described spectroscope is polarization spectroscope, and described trace particle is the particle of regular geometry.
In above-mentioned low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, the laser beam of described laser instrument emission is the laser beam of different colours, described CCD camera is single color camera, and separates the particle picture of different time exposure according to color characteristic, to obtain the PIV image sets.
In above-mentioned low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, described single color camera is the colored CCD array based on Bayer filtering, two CCD or three CCD cameras.
In above-mentioned low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, described laser module also comprises a double beams laser combiner, described laser instrument is two, the beam of laser of one of them laser instrument emission is passed through a mirror reflects in described double beams laser combiner, the beam of laser of another laser instrument emission directly is directed in the described double beams laser combiner, and the laser by described double beams laser combiner is directed to described galvanometer or rotates on the prism.
In above-mentioned low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, described laser instrument is continuous conductor laser or All-Solid continuous wave laser.
The present invention also provides in a kind of low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology, comprise laser module and camera module: laser module comprises the laser instrument of an emission low-power consumption continuous laser, described laser instrument is by battery-operated, also comprise a galvanometer or rotate prism, described galvanometer or rotation prism successively scan same laser beam and measure the flow field more than twice or twice, realize twice or twice above illuminating of trace particle in the convection cell; Camera module comprises a CCD digital camera, by measuring the successively imaging on described CCD camera of particle scattering light in the flow field, forms the PIV image sets.
Low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology provided by the invention is illuminated a particle in scanning field twice in single pass, and the time interval of twice shooting is short and artificially controlled, thereby has overcome the obstacle of taking High Speed Flow Field under the prerequisite of guaranteeing particle scattering intensity.The power consumption of system component requires and will greatly reduce, and can realize by battery-operated, therefore can be used for field condition fluid measurement under water.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of laser module provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of photomoduel provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is test result provided by the invention (symbol) and standard P IV system (solid line) comparison schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is made detailed explanation.
Low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology provided by the invention uses the low-power consumption continuous laser to substitute traditional pulse type laser, use dual wavelength (color) laser scanning camera system, system comprises laser module and camera module: laser module comprises the laser instrument of two or more emission low-power consumption continuous lasers, laser instrument is by battery-operated, also comprise a galvanometer or rotate prism, galvanometer or rotation prism successively scan two or more laser beam and measure the flow field, realize twice or twice above illuminating of trace particle in the convection cell; Camera module comprises the CCD camera, by measuring the respectively imaging on the CCD camera of particle scattering light in the flow field, forms the PIV image sets.
The spectroscopical effect of catoptron in the Laser emission assembly and color is to guarantee in the single pass, and the laser of two wavelength (color) may be directed to the center of a galvanometer, and guarantees that two laser beam can form an adjustable small angle (θ).The vibration mirror scanning double laser beam forms the efficient light plane of two overlapping different colours.In the scanning process in the water trace particle illuminated and the light of scattering different colours by these two laser beam at different time respectively.The mistiming Δ t that illuminates for twice is by angular velocity (ω) control of laser beam angle and scanning, that is:
The mistiming Δ t of double exposure can need not be subject to fully by angle control the sweep velocity of laser.The illumination intensity of this like-particles can realize by reducing sweep velocity, and two particle pictures can not lose owing to too large Δ t correlativity, as: particle leaves planar excessively rotation or the distortion of laser plane or population owing to the double exposure mistiming is long.
Another color spectroscope and two monochromes (gray scale) CCD camera can be used in the CCD image-forming assembly, the difference imaging of all particle double scatterings when single pass will be guaranteed.Because the effect of light splitting, the scan image of the light beam of a wavelength (color) can only imaging on a CCD.Using two monochromatic CCD and spectroscopical benefit is can place the narrow bandpass optical filtering before CCD after the light splitting again, only allows the close light of laser light scattering light and fraction and optical maser wavelength pass through, thereby stops most of background light, can realize so open-air operation on daytime.
The CCD image-forming assembly also can adopt a color camera, comprises the colored CCD array based on Bayer filtering, two CCD or three CCD cameras, by the color of particle picture being differentiated the image of separate particle double exposure.But such setting is unfavorable for arranging the narrow bandpass optical filtering.Therefore system can only work under the condition at (such as indoor or night) a little less than the environmental background light.
Based on similar principle, native system also can utilize the polarization direction of laser to come the particle picture of different time exposure is separated.Concrete scheme is: the laser beam (but co-wavelength or different wave length) that two bundle polarization directions are vertical is with certain angle combination and by the vibration mirror scanning flow field.The polarization direction that can keep to a certain extent incident light during the rule particle scattering.Can utilize polarization spectroscope that thereby the particle picture of different time exposure is separated realization to right the obtaining of PIV image at the camera end like this.The method is applicable to rule particle, such as hollow glass microballoon.And the scatter light polarization direction of the irregular particle of geometric configuration is random.
When institute's velocity measurement is low, also can uses a laser beam and a CCD camera to carry out PIV and measure in addition.Laser beam will be scanned twice, and camera is to respectively imaging of twice sweep.The mistiming of particle double exposure is exactly the time interval of twice sweep.Because flow velocity is lower, this time interval allows to get larger numerical value, as 20 milliseconds.Can guarantee that like this particle can obtain enough illumination intensities.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, one of the present invention specifically embodiment is as follows, and this system comprises two basic modules: Laser emission assembly, camera module, each assembly are packed in the airtight container that is suitable under water.Laser module comprises two laser instruments 1,2, the laser that produces comprises the low-power consumption semiconductor laser (Diode Laser) of two different wave lengths (color), or the solid-state laser of semiconductor laser pumping (DPSS), such as 532,671 nanometer DPSS, the semiconductor laser of 455,405 nanometers etc.Catoptron 3 is with an angular adjustment module to can be used in beam of laser beam reflection to the double beams laser combiner 4.Simultaneously, another Shu Jiguang is directed into this double beams laser combiner 4 from a vertical angle.These two laser beam are directed to a galvanometer 5, and this galvanometer 5 scans laser, and forms measurement plane.Visual field as requested and illumination intensity, the single sweep operation time can be made as between 5～50 milliseconds.The laser beam angle be traditionally arranged to be surface sweeping covering of the fan angle 1/10～1/100 between, therefore effectively the particle exposure mistiming can be regulated between 50 microseconds to 5 millisecond.Photomoduel comprises two identical monochromatic gray scale CCD cameras 7,9 and spectroscope 8, monochromatic ccd sensor array of each camera strap, and suitable higher display resolution.Under full resolution, the frame per second of this camera should be per second 30 frames or more than.The image that camera obtains will by gigabit Ethernet or USB interface be directly connected to system with microcomputer on.The synchronous voltage signal of control camera, laser switch and galvanometer angle will be by two synchronously simulating port outputs of an AWG (Arbitrary Waveform Generator).A port is used for control galvanometer angle, and another is used for controlling simultaneously camera and generating laser.Because this signal is controlled 4 equipment (two cameras and two generating lasers) simultaneously, so the switch of laser and the switch of camera are synchronous, this characteristic will help to reduce system energy consumption and so that laser instrument only when camera is taken pictures, open and need not to operate at full capacity.
The parallax of double camera is corrected: in the ideal situation, double camera will be taken the same flow scene.But in concrete practice, this almost is impossible.Two unmatched reasons in visual field are many-sided, such as: planar with the impact of out-of-plane relative displacement, relative rotation, enlargement ratio difference and focusing, the impact of chromatic aberation etc.Under the impact of double camera parallax, if without the PIV that corrects complete static fluid is measured, an as a result flow field of non-zero will be obtained.We are called this " pseudo-stream ".So it is necessary that the parallax of double camera is corrected.Concrete method is: in the situation that static or extremely low flow velocity, the up to a hundred or more image of systematic survey calculates corresponding pseudo-flow field, draws average displacement field.The apparent displacement field that obtains in the actual measurement deducts this pre-determined " pseudo-stream flow velocity " true flow field after the field can obtain correcting.
The checking of system performance: in order to prove the reliability based on the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system of dual-color laser scanning technology, this R﹠D team has carried out a large amount of tests to this system in the environment at laboratory and scene.The as a result (see figure 3) of test has effectively proved feasibility, reliability and the accuracy of this system.Invention based on the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system of dual-color laser scanning technology, filled up the blank in domestic this field, have very high science and more practical value, will play a great role at in-site measurement and the fluid mechanics research teaching field in the fields such as China's water conservancy, the hydrology, ocean, environment.
Low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology provided by the invention can be realized open-air underwater survey, and can measure flow velocity up to the High Speed Flow Field of 5 metre per second (m/s)s.This system will make a particle in scanning field be illuminated twice in single pass, and the time interval of twice shooting is short and artificially controlled, thereby overcome the obstacle of taking High Speed Flow Field under the prerequisite of guaranteeing particle scattering intensity.By this design, the power consumption of PIV system component requires and will greatly reduce, and can realize by battery-operated, therefore can be used for field condition fluid measurement under water.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned preferred forms, and anyone should learn the structural change of making under enlightenment of the present invention, and every have identical or close technical scheme with the present invention, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. based on the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system of dual-color laser scanning technology, it is characterized in that, comprise laser module and camera module:
Laser module comprises the laser instrument of two or more emission low-power consumption continuous lasers, described laser instrument is by battery-operated, also comprise a galvanometer or rotate prism, described galvanometer or rotation prism successively scan two or more laser beam and measure the flow field, realize twice or twice above illuminating of trace particle in the convection cell;
Camera module comprises the CCD camera, by measuring the respectively imaging on described CCD camera of particle scattering light in the flow field, forms the PIV image sets.
2. the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described camera module also comprises a spectroscope, described CCD camera is two or more monochromatic CCD digital cameras, by measuring particle scattering light process described spectroscope, the respectively imaging on described monochromatic CCD camera in the flow field.
3. the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the laser beam of described laser instrument emission is the laser beam of different colours, and described spectroscope is the color spectroscope.
4. the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the laser beam of described laser instrument emission is the laser beam of different polarization direction, and described spectroscope is polarization spectroscope, and described trace particle is the particle of regular geometry.
5. the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the laser beam of described laser instrument emission is the laser beam of different colours, described CCD camera is single color camera, and separate the particle picture of different time exposure according to color characteristic, to obtain the PIV image sets.
6. the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described single color camera is the colored CCD array based on Bayer filtering, two CCD or three CCD cameras.
7. the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described laser module also comprises a double beams laser combiner, described laser instrument is two, the beam of laser of one of them laser instrument emission is passed through a mirror reflects in described double beams laser combiner, the beam of laser of another laser instrument emission directly is directed in the described double beams laser combiner, and the laser by described double beams laser combiner is directed to described galvanometer or rotates on the prism.
8. the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system based on the dual-color laser scanning technology as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described laser instrument is continuous conductor laser or All-Solid continuous wave laser.
9. based on the low-power consumption particle image speed-measuring system of dual-color laser scanning technology, it is characterized in that, comprise laser module and camera module:
Laser module comprises the laser instrument of an emission low-power consumption continuous laser, described laser instrument is by battery-operated, also comprise a galvanometer or rotate prism, described galvanometer or rotation prism successively scan same laser beam and measure the flow field more than twice or twice, realize twice or twice above illuminating of trace particle in the convection cell;
Camera module comprises a CCD digital camera, by measuring the successively imaging on described CCD camera of particle scattering light in the flow field, forms the PIV image sets.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104215795A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-17 | 南京昊控软件技术有限公司 | Large scale particle picture velocimetry based on Haokong surface flow field computational algorithm |
| CN104914078A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-09-16 | 南京昊控软件技术有限公司 | Large-range multi-point fluid concentration measuring system |
| CN107160824A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-15 | 杭州科雷机电工业有限公司 | A kind of method of times of several levels high-precision laser imaging |
| CN109883905A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-06-14 | 南京理工大学 | Underwater partial size on-line measurement system and method |
| CN110879023A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-13 | 浙江大学 | Fragile armor-piercing projectile dynamic target experiment fragment multi-parameter measurement system and method |
| CN111007279A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 | Acceleration measuring device based on particle image velocimetry and polarization device |
| CN111007278A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 | Acceleration measuring method and device based on particle image velocimetry and storage medium |
| CN113466489A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-01 | 中国计量大学 | Single-camera particle image velocimetry method with low particle density |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104215795A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-17 | 南京昊控软件技术有限公司 | Large scale particle picture velocimetry based on Haokong surface flow field computational algorithm |
| CN104215795B (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2017-07-25 | 南京昊控软件技术有限公司 | Large scale particle image velocimetry method based on sky control surface flow field computational algorithm |
| CN104914078A (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2015-09-16 | 南京昊控软件技术有限公司 | Large-range multi-point fluid concentration measuring system |
| CN107160824A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-09-15 | 杭州科雷机电工业有限公司 | A kind of method of times of several levels high-precision laser imaging |
| CN107160824B (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2019-06-04 | 杭州科雷机电工业有限公司 | A kind of method of times of several levels high-precision laser imaging |
| CN109883905A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-06-14 | 南京理工大学 | Underwater partial size on-line measurement system and method |
| CN110879023A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-03-13 | 浙江大学 | Fragile armor-piercing projectile dynamic target experiment fragment multi-parameter measurement system and method |
| CN110879023B (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2021-05-11 | 浙江大学 | Fragile armor-piercing projectile dynamic target experiment fragment multi-parameter measurement system and method |
| CN111007279A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 | Acceleration measuring device based on particle image velocimetry and polarization device |
| CN111007278A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-14 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心 | Acceleration measuring method and device based on particle image velocimetry and storage medium |
| CN113466489A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-10-01 | 中国计量大学 | Single-camera particle image velocimetry method with low particle density |
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Application publication date: 20130918 |