CN110206699A - It is a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy - Google Patents
It is a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110206699A CN110206699A CN201910601184.XA CN201910601184A CN110206699A CN 110206699 A CN110206699 A CN 110206699A CN 201910601184 A CN201910601184 A CN 201910601184A CN 110206699 A CN110206699 A CN 110206699A
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012782 phase change material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F FYIRUPZTYPILDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
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- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)CC(F)(F)F MSSNHSVIGIHOJA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
- F03G6/06—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy with solar energy concentrating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
Abstract
Especially a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy the present invention relates to a kind of power generator, which includes the pipeline composition that solar thermal collector, heat exchange box, generator unit, cascade type heat pump component are connected with by components above.The technical scheme is that utilizing solar thermal collector and heat pump organic assembling, using reasonable connection type, the system in combination such as collection of energy, energy storage, energy conversion, energy circulation are integrated, the volume or weight of unit capacity is less than half of existing various energy conversion devices, has the characteristics that equipment occupation space is small, high convenient for whole Transporting, installation, generating efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of power generator, especially a kind of generated electricity using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle of energy is
System.
Background technique
With the rapid development of society, demand of the people to electric energy is growing, the fossil energy based on petroleum, coal
A large amount of utilizations, brought environmental pollution gets worse problem, and becomes the following energy with renewable energy such as solar energy, wind energies
One of the direction of source development, but due to the existing system with renewable energy power generations such as solar energy, wind energies, to natural conditions
It relies on more serious.
In recent years, heat pump techniques have become the research direction that low-grade heat source (90 degrees Celsius or less) utilizes.Heat pump is fortune
With inverse Carnot cycle principle, by the continual cryogenic energy absorbed in environment of refrigerant, then under the action of mechanical work, warp
Low temperature heat energy is converted to the thermal energy of higher temperature by overcompression, is output to by condenser in thermal environment.Due to this of heat pump
One characteristic, thus heating efficiency generally reaches 200-600%, therefore it is more energy efficient, more efficient than simple electricity consumption heating.
In the case where for some more demanding heat supply temperatures, the realization of two-stage heat pump superposition type connection type can be used.
Application No. is 201811074574.8 entitled " one kind disclosed on 01 04th, 2019 for China Intellectual Property Office
Solar energy, air can be combined electricity generation system and its refrigeration, power generation and heating method " application for a patent for invention, the technology of this application
Scheme includes heat-exchanging component, electrification component and the dielectric film filter component for connecting and constituting a circuit by pipeline, heat-exchanging component
Including evaporator and heat exchanger；Electrification component generate electricity as power and is equipped with inlet end and outlet side using high steam；It is situated between
Matter recycling component includes the air heat exchanger being connected in series by pipeline, the liquid storage of spray absorber I and storage medium aqueous solution
Tank, fluid reservoir are connected by the pipeline of installation pump I and the medium entrance of evaporator, and the media outlet of evaporator passes through pipeline device
The media outlet of medium entrance connection, evaporator passes through the connection of the inlet end of regulation component and electrification component, generating set on pipeline
The outlet side of part is connect by pipeline with air heat exchanger.
But single-stage heat pump used by above-mentioned technical proposal is because heating temperature is low, and the circulation line of medium is by shut-off valve in addition
Current limliting is affected, therefore generating capacity is limited, refrigeration, the effect of heating are general, and due to the storage device of not no thermal energy,
Therefore, it is difficult to long periods to stablize output energy.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming the deficiencies of existing technologies, providing one kind with solar energy and cascade type heat pump is main heat
Source uses low boiling working fluid and is with low-grade composite heat power supply using phase change heat storage material as one kind of energy stores energy means
The thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that it is a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the heat of energy
Cycle generating system, including solar thermal collector, heat exchange box, generator unit, cascade type heat pump component are connected with by components above
Pipeline composition.
Above-mentioned heat exchange box is closed cabinet, and heat insulation layer is installed with outside heat exchange box, and transducing is housed inside heat exchange box
Liquid is sequentially equipped with condenser I, evaporator II, condenser II, working medium expander, in heat exchange box from the bottom to top in heat exchange box
It is provided with heat-insulating shield between interior evaporator II and condenser II, heat exchange box is divided into two temperature ranges up and down, is being insulated
Convection holes are provided on plate.
The two-stage overlapping heating method that above-mentioned cascade type heat pump component is made of hot pump in low temp and high temperature heat pump, wherein low temperature
The closed cycle system that heat pump is connected in series by interior evaporator, outer evaporator I, condenser I, compressor I；High temperature heat pump is
A closed cycle system being connected in series by evaporator II, condenser II and compressor II.
Above-mentioned generator unit includes closed working medium expander, Turbo-generator Set and working medium cooling cylinder, and wherein working medium is cold
Solidifying case is closed cabinet, is provided with anti-icing fluid in cabinet, is enclosed with heat insulation layer outside the enclosure, and it is cooling that working medium is provided in cabinet
Device, interior evaporator I and phase-change accumulation energy stick；It is provided with low boiling point phase-change working substance in working medium expander, the steam of working medium expander goes out
Mouth is connect with steam turbine generator air intake；The exhaust outlet of Turbo-generator Set is connect with the import of working medium cooler, and working medium is cooling
Outlet be connected by being equipped with the pipeline of working medium pump and non-return valve with the import of working medium expander.
The liquid outlet of above-mentioned solar thermal collector is connected by being equipped with the pipeline of circulating pump with heat exchange box, solar energy heating
The liquid return hole of device is connected by pipeline with heat exchange box, is provided with high water tank on the liquid back pipe road of heat collector.
Above-mentioned solar thermal collector can be solar energy vacuum tube heat collector or solar plate heat collector or solar energy
High power concentrator heat collector.
The transducing liquid filled inside above-mentioned heat exchange box is anti-icing fluid or conduction oil.
The built-in low boiling point phase-change working substance of above-mentioned working medium expander is any one of R600a or R245fa, R236ea.
Above-mentioned phase-change accumulation energy stick is equipped with the closed metal stick of phase-change material, and phase-change material is paraffin or fatty acid or inorganic
Hydrated salt.
Technical solution of the present invention has the following characteristics that the 1, present apparatus is exchanged using thermal energy caused by solar thermal collector
Transducing liquid in hot tank is heated, and energy when illumination is provided with for low-temperature generation device, has the characteristics that energy conservation and environmental protection；2,
It is up to the characteristic of 200-600% using heat pump heating efficiency, and by the way of the heating of heat pump two-stage overlapping, improves heat quality.
The energy in air is absorbed by the refrigerant in the evaporator of heat pump I, using the condenser of heat pump I by 50 degrees centigrades
Low grade heat energy be discharged into transducing liquid；It is inhaled again by the way that the evaporator of the high temperature heat pump on hot pump in low temp condenser is arranged in
Low temperature heat energy is received, low grade heat energy is promoted to 90 degrees Celsius or more of middle high-grade by condenser by the compression through high temperature heat pump
Thermal energy provides the calorific value of required evaporating pressure for cryogenic fluid expander, and here it is the working principles of cascade type heat pump.Both increased
Output power, and can reduce the dependence to illumination.3, a certain number of energy storage materials of phase change be placed in heat exchange box, be used for
In generating set idle time section, the rich thermal energy of solar energy and heat pump input is stored, improves generating set output electric energy
Stability.4, the low boiling working fluid that this system uses has high small specific heat capacity, low boiling point, evaporating pressure, environmental protection, peace
Congruent feature, and working medium device is in a completely self-contained closed-loop system circulation, the cooler of working medium and hot pump in low temp it is interior
Evaporator is co-located among working medium cooler bin.Lack of gas waste heat after this design can both do work working medium recycles
Reduce the waste of energy, and increase the temperature difference and pressure difference of steam turbine inlet and outlet, effectively increases the hair of steam turbine
Electrical efficiency；5, present apparatus design concept is ingenious and scientific.And the systems such as the conversion of collection of energy, energy storage, energy, energy circulation
It is integrated, the volume or weight of unit capacity is less than half of existing various energy conversion devices, and there is equipment to occupy
The features such as space is small, convenient for whole Transporting, installation.
Detailed description of the invention
Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1: 1, solar thermal collector, 2, high water tank, 3, phase-change accumulation energy stick, 4, expansion drum, 5, pressure control
Solenoid valve, 6, generator unit, 7, working medium expander, 8, heat exchange box, 9, non-return valve, 10, working medium pump, 11, working medium cooling cylinder, 12,
Working medium cooler, 13, interior evaporator I, 14, outer evaporator I, 15, cryogenic compressor, 16, shut-off valve I, 17, condenser II, 18,
Evaporator II, 19, convection holes, 20, condenser I, 21, heat-insulating shield, 22, motor-driven valve I, 23, shut-off valve II, 24, high temperature compressor,
25, circulating pump, 26, transducing liquid.
As shown in Figure 1, being provided with transducing liquid in heat exchange box, which is mainly each inter-module progress thermal energy in heat exchange box
The medium of exchange, transducing liquid use anti-icing fluid or conduction oil.The liquid outlet of solar thermal collector is by being equipped with the pipe of circulating pump
Road is connected with heat exchange box, and the liquid return hole of solar thermal collector is connected by pipeline with heat exchange box.Transducing liquid is by solar thermal collector
It after heating, is recycled by circulating pump, increase the temperature of transducing liquid in heat exchange box.To prevent pipeline leakage, in solar energy
The liquid back pipe road of heat collector is equipped with high water tank.Solar thermal collector can be used existing solar energy vacuum tube heat collector or
Solar plate heat collector or solar energy high power concentrator heat collector.
Hot pump in low temp is connected in series by interior evaporator I, outer evaporator I, condenser I, shut-off valve I, cryogenic compressor
One closed cycle system；High temperature heat pump is one to be connected in series by evaporator II, condenser II, shut-off valve and compressor II
Closed cycle system.
Condenser I, evaporator II, condenser II, working medium expander, phase transformation are sequentially installed from the bottom to top in heat exchange box
Energy storage bar.It is being provided with heat-insulating shield between evaporator II and condenser II in heat exchange box, heat exchange box is separated into the low temperature of lower part
Two humidity provinces of middle warm area in area and top, convection holes 19 are provided on heat-insulating shield, can make the transducing liquid of low-temperature space and middle warm area
Naturally it flows.
Generator unit 6 includes closed working medium expander, Turbo-generator Set and working medium cooling cylinder, wherein working medium cooling cylinder
For closed cabinet, be provided with anti-icing fluid in cabinet, be enclosed with heat insulation layer outside the enclosure, be provided in cabinet working medium cooler,
Interior evaporator I and phase-change accumulation energy stick；Be provided with low boiling point phase-change working substance in working medium expander, the steam (vapor) outlet of working medium expander with
The connection of steam turbine generator air intake；The exhaust outlet of Turbo-generator Set is connect with the import of working medium cooler, and working medium is cooling to be gone out
Mouth is connected by being equipped with the pipeline of working medium pump and non-return valve with the import of working medium expander.The built-in working medium of working medium cooling cylinder is cold
But device, interior evaporator I and phase-change accumulation energy stick, between energy exchange be to be carried out by built-in anti-icing fluid.
Above-mentioned low boiling point phase-change working substance is any one of R600a or R245fa, R236ea.
Phase-change accumulation energy stick is equipped with the closed metal stick of phase-change material, and phase-change material uses medium temperature phase transformation in the prior art
Material, such as paraffin or fatty acid or inorganic hydrated salt.The purpose of phase-change accumulation energy stick is to store thermal energy.
When having sunlight daytime, solar heat-collection plate 1 heats transducing liquid 26 in plate, will be after heating by circulating pump 25
Transducing liquid is delivered to the low-temperature space of 8 lower part of heat exchange box, and the transducing liquid for the upper box part that exchanges heat is returned by being equipped with the pipeline of high water tank 2
Solar thermal collector is returned, is looped back and forth like this, until the transducing liquid for the upper box part middle warm area that exchanges heat is heated to 90 degree or more, and is made
The phase-change energy storage bar 3 being arranged in case, which absorbs heat, to be saturated.When transducing liquid temperature is lower than 80 degrees Celsius in solar thermal collector, circulating pump
Temperature controller the power supply of circulating pump is automatically closed, block the circulation in heat exchange box between transducing liquid and solar thermal collector, subtract
Few radiation loss.At this point, phase-change energy storage bar heat release by the latent heat treatment of savings into transducing liquid, maintain heat exchange box middle warm area transducing
The temperature of liquid is maintained at 90 degrees centigrades, the low boiling point phase-change working substance being continuously in the working medium expander being arranged in heat exchange box
Thermal energy needed for evaporating is provided.
After the low boiling point phase-change working substance in working medium expander 7 reaches the saturation vapour pressure of setting, electromagnetic pressure control
Valve 5 is opened, and saturated vapor is sprayed by the steam (vapor) outlet of working medium expander enters steam turbine generator air intake, pushes steam turbine generator
Group rotary electrification；Low pressure steam exhaust after acting enters working medium cooler, passes through the anti-icing fluid and phase in working medium cooling cylinder 11
Become energy storage bar, after low pressure steam exhaust is condensed into liquid, the pipeline by being equipped with working medium pump 10 and non-return valve 9 returns to working medium expansion
Device is recycled into next round.
When nothing shines upon or heat exchange box high-temperature region temperature is lower than 90 degree, heat pump starts, the refrigerant warp in hot pump in low temp
Interior evaporator 13 is crossed, the heat in working medium cooling cylinder is taken away, then converges the energy that outer evaporator I 14 is absorbed from air, is passed through
High temperature refrigerant after cryogenic compressor 15 pressurizes is crossed, is heated by I 20 pairs of transducing liquid of condenser.When changing for heat exchange box low-temperature space
When energy liquid reaches 50 degrees centigrade, the temperature control electromagnetic being installed in control circuit is cut off the power supply of hot pump in low temp, is connect simultaneously
The power supply of logical high temperature heat pump, high temperature compressor 24 start, the thermal energy of the refrigerant absorption heat-exchange case low-temperature space in evaporator II 18,
After high temperature compressor pressurization heating, carried out by the transducing liquid of 21 top middle warm area of heat-insulating shield in condenser II 17 and heat exchange box
Heat exchange thus can maintain working medium swollen to guarantee that the temperature of transducing liquid of heat exchange box middle warm area maintains 90 degrees Celsius or more
Low boiling point phase-change working substance in swollen device, the saturation vapour pressure for reaching setting that can continually and steadily put push steam turbine generator
Group continuously runs power generation.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy, including solar thermal collector, heat exchange box, power generation
The pipeline composition that unit, cascade type heat pump component are connected with by components above.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy, feature exists
It is closed cabinet in above-mentioned heat exchange box (8), heat insulation layer is installed with outside heat exchange box, transducing liquid is housed inside heat exchange box
(26), it is swollen that condenser I (20), evaporator II (18), condenser II (17), working medium are sequentially installed from the bottom to top in heat exchange box
Swollen device (7) is being provided with heat-insulating shield (21) between evaporator II and condenser II in heat exchange box, and heat exchange box is divided into up and down
Two temperature ranges are provided with convection holes (19) on heat-insulating shield.
3. a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy according to claim 2, it is characterised in that
The two-stage overlapping heating method that above-mentioned cascade type heat pump component is made of hot pump in low temp and high temperature heat pump, wherein hot pump in low temp is by interior
The closed cycle system that evaporator (13), outer evaporator I (14), condenser I, cryogenic compressor are connected in series；High warm
Pump is a closed cycle system being connected in series by evaporator II, condenser II and high temperature compressor.
4. according to claim 3 a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy, feature exists
In above-mentioned generator unit include closed working medium expander (7), Turbo-generator Set (6) and working medium cooling cylinder (11), wherein work
Matter cooling cylinder is closed cabinet, is provided with anti-icing fluid in cabinet, is enclosed with heat insulation layer outside the enclosure, is provided with working medium in cabinet
Cooler (12), interior evaporator I (13) and phase-change accumulation energy stick (3)；It is provided with low boiling point phase-change working substance in working medium expander (7),
The steam (vapor) outlet of working medium expander is connect with steam turbine generator (6) air intake；The exhaust outlet and working medium of Turbo-generator Set are cooling
(12) the import connection of device, the cooling outlet of working medium are swollen by the pipeline and working medium for being equipped with working medium pump (10) and non-return valve (9)
The import of swollen device is connected.
5. a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy according to claim 4, it is characterised in that
The liquid outlet of above-mentioned solar thermal collector (1) is connected by being equipped with the pipeline of circulating pump (25) with heat exchange box (8), solar energy collection
The liquid return hole of hot device is connected by pipeline with heat exchange box, and high water tank (2) are provided on the liquid back pipe road of heat collector.
6. according to claim 5 a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy, feature exists
It is solar energy vacuum tube heat collector or solar plate heat collector or solar energy high power concentrator in above-mentioned solar thermal collector (1)
Heat collector.
7. according to claim 6 a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy, feature exists
The transducing liquid (26) filled inside above-mentioned heat exchange box (8) is anti-icing fluid or conduction oil.
8. according to claim 7 a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy, feature exists
In the built-in low boiling point phase-change working substance of above-mentioned working medium expander (7) be any one of R600a or R245fa, R236ea.
9. according to claim 8 a kind of using low-grade composite heat power supply as the thermal cycle electricity generation system of energy, feature exists
It is equipped with the closed metal stick of phase-change material in above-mentioned phase-change accumulation energy stick (3), phase-change material is paraffin or fatty acid or inorganic water
Close salt.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111306824A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-19 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Overlapping heat pump and control method thereof |
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